イギリスにおける国と地方の役割分担
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1 United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland Great Britain Scottish Parliament 365
2 % 4.9% 8.5% 2.9% % 8.5% 32.1% 5.6% % 5.2% 9.7% 0.3% % 5.3% 7.3% 0.6% % 5.5% 10.1% 3.7% 2003/04 Annual Abstract 2005, Public Expenditure Statistical Analysis County 5 County Borough
3 Greater London Council 1970 [2002, p.101]
4 <1888 > County Councils(58) County Borough Councils(82) London County Council(1) Non-County Borough Councils(270) <1894 > County Councils(58) Urban District Councils(5 35) Rural District Councils(4 72) Non-County Borough Councils(270) County Borough Councils(82 ) London City Council(1) <1899 > County Councils(58) County London County Council(1) Urban District Councils(5 35) Rural District Councils(4 72) Non-County Borough Councils(270 ) Borough Councils( 82) Metropolitan Borough Councils (28) City of London( 1) p < > County Councils( 47) Metropolitan County Councils(6) Greater London Council(1) District Councils( 333) Metropolitan District Councils(36) London Borough Councils(32) City of London(1) 368
5 White Paper [1998:6] 2 p.6 369
6 1991 Green Paper 3 Unitary Authority East Riding of Yorkshire North Lincolnshire Metropolitan District Local Government Act White Paper [1999] 4 K [2002] 370
7 Ultra Vires Local Act EU Ultra Vires Local Act Local Act Office of Public Sector Information Regional Development Agency Greater London Authority GLA Devolution 5 [2003:121] 1997 PFI 6 [2003] [2000] [2001] [2001] 371
8 Secretary of State for Scotland Scotland Act First Minister 12, Schedule 5 7 [2001: ] 372
9 2.2.2 The National Assembly for Wales Government of Wales Act Secretary of State for Wales 2000 Fisrt Secretary Parliament Assembly Schedule [2001:26] 373
10 Northern Ireland Assembly Irish Republican Army: IRA 1998 Northern Ireland Act Schedule 2 Schedule 3 First Minister cross-community support cross-community support
11 GLA 8 RDA Regional Chamber Government Office for the Region Regional Offices 9 Regional Assembly 10 Government Office for the Region 1994 Dept. of Environment Dept. of Trade and Industry Dept. of Transport Dept. of Employment DETR DfEE DTI pp pp
12 SRB Regional Development Agency QUANGO 1998 RDA act Single Regeneration Budget SRB SRB the Regional Office of English Partnership Rural Challenge Rural Loan Fund Programmes of the Rural Development Commission SRB SRB SRB Single Budget SRB
13 Regional Assembly RDA RDA Regional Assembly constitution Your Region, Your Choice, SRB 7 377
14 Regional Strategy Boundary Committee 2003 North East North West Yorkshire and the Humber Regional Assembly(Preparations)Act North East Regional Assembly Great London Authority 1986 Greater London Council 32 London Borough
15 2004/ % GLA / GLA 379
16 GLA RDA RDA 12 [2001: ] 380
17 3. Revenue Support Grant RSG Redistributed Business Rates Specific and Special Grants Council Tax 2003/ Summary of local authority income to million Grant income: Revenue Support Grant 19,480 19,875 19,437 21,093 19,889 24,215 Redistributed business rates 12,524 13,612 15,400 15,137 16,626 15,604 Police Grant 3,375 3,505 3,627 3,798 3,808 4,079 Specific and special grants inside 2,335 2,921 4,671 6,552 8,901 13,447 Aggregate External Finance(AEF) Other grants inside AEF( a) Grants outside AEF( b) 7,029 6,247 6,038 6,506 8,917 9,441 Housing subsidy 3,298 3,041 2,769 4,053 3,860 3,730 Grants towards capital expenditure 2,088 2,147 2,451 3,188 3,683 3,527 Total grant income 50,249 51,474 54,474 60,361 65,719 74,086 Locally-funded income: Council tax( c) 12,436 13,368 14,292 15,296 16,648 18,946 External interest receipts Capital receipts 2,662 3,651 3,512 3,579 5,040 5,322 Sales, fees and charges 7,020 7,303 8,143 9,023 9,685 10,191 Council rents(net of rebates) 2,891 2,886 2,958 2,925 2,765 2,717 Total locally-funded income 25,999 27,999 29,800 31,740 34,989 37,941 Other income and adjustments 5,161 5,541 5,113 5,775 6,617 7,557 Total income 81,409 85,014 89,387 97, , ,584 Grants as a percentage of total income 62% 61% 61% 62% 61% 62% (a)includes Standard Spending Assessment Reduction Grant, Central Support Protection Grant, City of London offset, Transitional Reduction Scheme Grant and General GLA Grant. (b)excludes Council Tax Benefit Grant. (c)includes council taxes financed from Council Tax Benefit Grant but excludes council taxes financed from local authority contributions to council tax benefit. Local Government Financial Statistics(England), Office of Deputy Prime Minister 381
18 Domestic Rate Non Domestic Rate Block Grant 1988 Poll Tax
19 Rate Deficiency Grant General Grant 1966 Rate Support Grant Resource Element Needs Element Domestic Element Formula Block Grants 383
20 RSG Total Standard Spending Standard Spending Assessments SSA Police Grant Aggregated External Finance AEF AEF Education Standards Fund GLA Transport Grant Mandatory Rent Allowance Subsidy Grant Council Tax Benefit Grant 2002 Single Capital Pot 384
21 Formula 95 Formula National Debt Office Public Works Loan Board UK Debt Management Office loan instrument Basic Credit Approval BCA Supplementary CA SCA Annual Capital Guidelines ACGs Receipts Taken Into Account RTIA 2002 BCA SCA BCA 13 ACGs Supported Capital Expenditure SCE 13 [2004:7] 385
22 3.5 TSS SSA SSA 20 1% 5% 10% 10% Gearing Effect 1984 SSA 386
23 Strong Local Leadership 1/ ACGs 2003 Prudential System the Chartered Institute of Public Finance and Accountancy CIPFA Prudential Code SCE(R) Prudential Code 387
24 Prudential Code Provision for Credit Liabilities PCL NHS National Insurance Department of Work and Pensions National Assistance Supplementary Benefit 1966 Income Support
25 1997 HM Revenue and Customs Jobcentre Plus Pension Service 65 YES/ NO/ Jobseekers Allowance Act
26 16 26 Income-Based Jobseekers Allowance 4 28 Statutory Sick Pay 29 Incapacity Benefit Pension Credit Saving Credit Working Tax Credit Income Support 390
27 60 16 Social Security Contributions and Benefits Act 1992 Social Security Administration Act Minimum Income Guarantee ( ) Working Families Tax Credit Disabled Person s Tax Credit
28 Child Benefit Child Tax Credit AEF Retirement Pension State Second Pension Scheme SSPS [2005] 392
29 90% State Earning-Related Pension Scheme SERPS SSPS SERPS SERPS SSPS SERPS SSPS SERPS 66 SSPS 2001 SSPS 393
30 National Health Service NHS NHS NHS % NHS 1946 National Health Service Act 1946 NHS voluntary hospital NHS Department of Health NHS NHS Strategic Health Authorities 15 [2005] % NHS 17 [2005] 394
31 Primary Care Trust PCT NHS NHS 273 PCT(303) GP [2005:34] NHS General Practitioners GP 1990 NHS NHS GP Fundholders NHS NHS 18 [2005] 395
32 GP 1997 GP PCT PCT PCT GP GP NHS PCT PCT 1999 Health Act PCT PCT PCT NHS GP NHS PCT GP 2003 NHS PCT PCT NHS NHS NHS Foundation Trust FT FT NHS 396
33 NHS FT FT FT NHS FT NHS 1948 NHS NHS 1999 Health Act Commission for Health Improvement CHI NHS NHS 2000 National Care Standard Commission 2003 Health and Social Care(Community Health and Standard)Act The Commission for Health Care Audit and Inspection CHAI 4.3 Department of Health, Social Service, and Public Safety Social Service Department 397
34 National Health Service NHS Local Authority Social Service Act NHS NHS 398
35 NHS Joint Consultative Committee: JCC JCC NHS NHS NHS 19 Special Transfer Grant STG STG
36 NHS PCT 2000 Care Standards Act 2002 Non-Departmental Public Body NDPB National Care Standards Commission NCSC NHS Strategic Health Office NCSC Social Service Inspectorates SSI Commission for Social Care Inspection CSCI NHS AEF 400
37 Children Act 5 NHS Area Review Committee 401
38 AEF NCSC CSCI Office for Standards in Education OfSTED 2005 CSCI OfSTED Education Act Local Educational Authority LEA 402
39 Education Reform Act LEA LEA LEA LEA LEA [2004] [2005:100] 21 [2005:102] 403
40 [2002:14]
41 community schools voluntary aided schools voluntary controlled schools foundation schools LEA LEA comprehensive grammar specialist city technology colleges CTC 4 CTC CTC
42 5 7 1 K K K K4 K K K National Test 22 K4 General Certificate of Secondary Education GCSE 23 GCSE K NDPB Qualifications and Curriculum Authority QCA K4 GCSE QCA 5 Awarding Bodies NDPB Office for Standards in Education OfSTED OfSTED [2005] 23 K4 QCA
43 failing schools Further Education Funding Council HEFC GCSE General Certificate of Education GCE A AS GCE General National Vocational Qualification GNVQ National Vocational Qualification NVQ National Qualification Framework NQF GCSE GCE GCSE QCA GNVQ 3 407
44 1992 Further and Higher Education Act NDPB Higher Education Funding Council HEFC Learning and Skills Act Teaching and Higher Education Act University College Research Assessment Exercise RAE HEFC 1992 Quality Assurance Agency for Higher Education QAA 1999 HEFC QAA 408
45 HEFC Town and Country Planning Act 1990 Guidance 1990 Planning Policy Guidance PPGs Reginal Planning Guidance Notes RPGs 15 Structure Plan 10 Local Plan Unitary Development Plan RDA GO 409
46 Planning Policy Statements PPS Planning Policy Guidance notes PPGs Minerals Policy Statements MPS Minerals Planning Guidance Notes MPGs 2004 Planning and Compulsory Purchase Act Regional Spatial Strategy RSS Regional Planning Body RPB 2004 RPB RPB GLA GLA RSS Spatial Development Strategy SDS RSS Local Planning Authorities Local Development Frameworks LDF LDF Local Development Scheme LDS LDS Local Development Documents LDDs LDDs LDDs Development Plan Documents DPDs Supplementary Planning Documents SPDs RSS GLA SDS Development Plan Documents Broad Authority Minerals and Waste Development Plan 410
47 DPDs 6.2 trunk roads 1 primary route 2 secondary route unclassified roads Highway Agency motorways Local Highway Authority A New Deal for Transport 2000 Transport Act Transport
48 Passenger Transport Authority GLA Transport for London RSS Regional Transport Plan RTS Local Transport Plan LTP LTP 2000 RTS LTP LDF Public Health Act 1948 NHS 1947 Town and Country Planning Act 1974 Control of Pollution Act 24 [2004] 412
49 Disposal Authority Collection Authority Environmental Protection Act EU Integrated Pollution Control 25 Regulation Authority 1995 Environmental Act Environmental Agency Scottish Environmental Protection Agency [2003:293] 413
50 1990 Waste Disposal Authority 2 Waste Authority GLA Metropolitan Police Authority 100 GLA Home Office Royal Ulster Constabulary 6 Police Authority [2003]
51 Chief Constable 2005 Serious Organised Crime and Police Act FBI Serious Organised Crime Agency SOCA SSA Police Grant RSG
52 GLA London Fire and Emergency Planning Authority LFEPA Office of Deputy Prime Minister ODPM 1947 Fire Services Act 6 Fire and Civil Defense Authority County Fire Authority Unitary Authority Combined Fire Authority Fire and Rescue Services Act Fire Authority Fire and Rescue Authority Integrated Risk Management Plan Fire and Rescue National Framework GLC
53 29 Chief Executive Local Council 2000 GLA Head of Paid Service 1972 Chief Financial Officer 1989 Monitoring Officer 1990 NHS Director of Social Service 29 [2000] 417
54 NHS NHS Economic Trend No.598 September National Joint Councils NJC NJC
55 NJC NJC 30 index formula 30 [2000] [2005] 419
56 2003 School Teachers' Review Body 1965 the Remuneration of Teachers Act Burnham Main Committee Teachers Pay and Conditions Act Interim Advisory Committee on School Teachers Pay and Conditions IAC 1991 IAC School Teachers Review Body 420
57 [2002] 658: 2-16; 659: [2005] 560: 33-54; 561: [2000] [2005] : [2005] : [2004] 17: [2004] : [1996] 139(1): 1-19; 139(2): [1997] 28(4): [2001] 66: [2004] 21 (1) 36(1/2): [2001] -- 41(3 4): [2005] 560: 22-32; 561: [1998] CLAIR SUMMARY No. 33. [2000a] CLAIR Report 207 [2000b] CLAIR Report 208 [2001] CLAIR Report 217 [2002] CLAIR Report 421
58 223 [2003] [2000] [2005] 134(2): [2004] Discussion Paper Series A No.450. [1995] [1996] [1999] [2002] [1997] 48(1): [2000] (Income Support) [1998] No.78. [2004] 5(2): [2001] 52(4): [2002] [2005] 55 [2003] [1997] 10 [1999] 90(2): [2001] 422
59 Cabinet Office, 2000, Reaching Out: The Role of Central Government at Region and Local Level. Office of the Deputy Prime Minister, 2002, Your Region, Your Choice: Revitalising the English Regions. Office of the Deputy Prime Minister,2005, The Planning System: General Principles. Office of the Deputy Prime Minister, 2005, Local Government Financial Statistics(England). Department of the Environment, Transport and the Regions, 1998, Modern Local Government: In Touch with the People. Department of the Environment, Transport and the Regions, 1998, The Future of Regional Planning Guidance. Department of the Environment, Transport and the Regions, 2001, Local Strategic Partnerships: Government Guidance Summary. Department of Health, 2005, Departmental Report Department of Transport, 2000, The Future of Transport: A Network For HM Treasury, 2005, Public Expenditure Statistical Analysis Leach, Robert, and Janie Percy-Smith eds. 2001, Local Governance in Britain. Palgrave. Stoker, Gerry, and David Wilson eds. 2004, British Local Government into the 21 st Century. Palgrave Macmillan. 423
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