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1 18 : 114 cfl (Kenichiro Matsui) ( )

2 2 (stabilizer) I 3 II III I ODA

3 3 1 (2006 ) 8,068-1, % 3,567-4,190 3,397 3, % 6,025-5,709 4,182 3, % 3,043-2,546 2,531 2, % 1,978-1, % 8, % 6,444-3,819 3,245 2, % 494-1,381 1,070 1, % 2,134-2,919 2,089 1, % 3, % 25,181-7,800 5,037 3, % 13,125-1,546 3,179 2, % 23, ,194 1, % ( 249,997-20,061 23,509 23, % 356,195-53,057 53,164 48, % () ( -32,810 IMF BPSBalance of Payments Statistics unbanked ) 2) 3) 4)

4 4 HTA Home Town Association

5 , , % 10,141 97, % % 999 5, % % , % % 363 6, % % 528 5, % % , % , % 1,647 42, % % , % % 1,088 11, % % 909 7, % % 949 2, % , % 1, Global Migrant Origin , % 1,600 3, % (CAFTA- DR) 2 2 (diaspora) , 2

6 6 1 2 Migration Policy Institute IMF I II 3 III II Two Corner SolutionsBipolar View (Eichengreen 1994)

7 7 3 ( GDP [%]) ( GDP [%]) [%] Williamson ) 4 2 Williamson ) de jure de facto IMF (Reinhart and Rogoff 2004) 14

8 Argentina Brazil Chile Mexico Reinhart,Carmen M., Annual ne classi cation 3 Chinn and Ito IMF Chinn and Ito (kaopen_2007.xls) (Ito) ssc.wisc.edu/~emchinn/research.html (Chinn) (Chinn and Ito 2002) 3 (Singer 2008)

9 III OLS GDP GDP ( ne classi cation) 5 4 (2009) 5 GDP GDP GDP GDP 6 Polity IV Polity Index CFA Singer DDP Quick Query ext/ddpqq/member.do?method=getmembers&userid= 1&queryId= Singer

10 NAFTA 2. (Rogoff et al. 2004) 8 5 P 10% 1% 8 Rogoff et al. (2004) P.16-P.20(P.18-P.19 )

11 GDP

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13 13 (Castañeda 2008) 1 Castañeda, Jorge G Morning in Latin America, Foreign Affairs, Sep-Oct Chami, Ralph, Adolfo Barajas, Thomas Cosimano, Connel Fullenkamp, Michael Gapen, and Peter Montiel Macroeconomic Consequences of Remittances, IMF Occasional Paper, No. 259, 11 March. Chinn and Ito edu/~ito/ (Chinn and Ito Financial Openness Index) Eichengreen, Barry International Monetary Arrangements in 21st Century, Washington D.C., The BrookingsInstitution No.43, pp

14 : Reinhart, Carmen M. and Kenneth S. Rogoff The Modern History of Exchange Rate Arrangements: A Reinterpretation, Quarterly Journal of Economics, Vol 119, No.1, pp Reinhart, Carmen M Annual ne classi cation ( umd.edu/~creinhar/papers.html) Rogoff, Kenneth, Aasim M. Husain, Ashoka Mody, Robin Brooks, and Nienke Oomes Evolution and Performance of Exchange Rate Regimes, IMF Occasional Paper, No Singer, David Andrew Migrant Remittancesand Exchange Rate Regimesin the Developing World, Cambridge, MITMassachusetts Institute of Technology Williamson, John Dollarization Does Not Make Sense Everywhere, The Dollarization Debate, Oxford University Press.

-de jure de facto- classification de jure de facto IMF IMF 30 Johnston, IMF 1999 de facto Fear of Floating Fear of Floating middle 1 IMF

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