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1 Crack Arrest Toughness of Structural Steels Evaluated by Compact Test Yoshifumi NAKANO and Michihiro TANAKA Synopsis: Crack arrest tests such as compact, ESSO and DCB tests were made on SA533B Cl. 1, HT80 and KD32 steels to evaluate the crack arrest toughness. The main results obtained are as follows: 1) The crack arrest toughness was evaluated by KIa which was obtained by the static analysis of compact test. 2) KID determined by the dynamic analysis of compact test was greater than KIa, though KID became close to KIa as KIa/KQ became a unity. KQ is the stress intensity factor at the crack initiation. 3) No significant difference was observed between KIa and Kca obtained by ESSO and DCB tests, though Kca, obtained by DCB test tended to be smaller than KIa at lower temperatures. 4) KIa,, was smaller than KIc in the transition temperature range, while it was greater than KId. In the temperature range where KIc which was determined from the decreased with temperature increase, however, it was smaller than KIa. 5) The fracture appearance transition temperature and the absorbed energy obtained by 2 mm V notch Charpy test were appropriate parameters for representing the crack arrest toughness, while the NDT temperature was not.
2
3 Fig. 3. Geometry of DCB specimen. Fig. 4. Typical record of displacement and load vs. time for compact test. 141
4 982 鉄 Photo. 1. An example Cl. 5. Plot of K/a vs. temperature Cl. 1 steel. 分 は,試 鋼 of SA533B Fig. と 第67年(1981) the fracture 1 steel tested appearance at 験 片 加 熱 着 色 後 液 体 窒 素 に よ り冷 却 し,さ あ り,SA533Bα.1とKD32が 温 度 依 存 性 を 示 す.Kiaと HAHNらle}が もつ と も低 温 側 に ほ ぼ 同 じ で,も 高 温 側 に 位 置 し て い る こ れ はTable2に の 破 面 遷 移 温 度vTsの specimen of 近 づ く Fig.6に つ とも に よ るKI KIDに 示す供試材 か し な が ら,静 関 的解 析 が 動 的 解 析 に よ つ て 得 られ る 伝 播 停 止 時 の 比 し て2倍 程 度 の 値 を 与 え る と い う URABEら5) の テ ー パ ー 付 き DCB試 れ につ い て は 後 述 示 した 実 験 結 果 は, 解 析 的 に 求 め たKID/KlaとKla/KQの 係 と ほ ぼ 一 致 す る も の で あ る.し 順 に ほ ぼ 一 致 す る が,NDT温 順 と は 一 致 しな い.こ compact Fig. 6. Relation between KID/KIa and Kia/KQ. れKID/KIaも1に 供 試 材 のKIaの 温 度 の 関 係 を 示 す 曲 線 は,HT80-1が 験 片 に つ い ての 理 論 解 析 結果 と は 相 容 れ な い も の で あ る. Fig. 7は 試 験 片 幅Wに 対 す る比 と して表 示 した き裂伝 す る. 4 2 a らに 生 じ た 破 面 で あ る. 度(TNDT)の of 10 Ž. for SA533B 切 り欠 き を 拡 げ る よ う に 負 荷 し て 破 壊 さ せ る こ と に よ り Fig.5に 第7号 コンパ ク ト試 験 結 果 の 解 析 方 法 に つ い て の 検 討 Fig.6に,同 播長 さ atotalに 対 して,応 力 拡 大係 数Kの 変 化 を示 し 一 の コ ンパ ク ト試 験 片 を 用 い て 測 定 し た た も の で あ る 実 線 は き裂 長 さお よび切 り欠 き開 口変 位 切 り欠 き 開 口 変 位 お よ び 伝 播 き 裂 長 さ か ら 静 的 解 析 に よ が時 間 と と もに直 線 的 に増 加 す る と仮 定 して,静 的解 析 り求 め たKIaと KIaのKla/KQに 動 的 解 析 に よ るKIDの 対 す る プ ロ ッ ト と して 示 す.両 係 は 鋼 種 に よ らず1本 い ほ どKID/Klaは の 曲 線 で 表 さ れ,Kla/KQが 大 き く,Kia/KQが1に に よ る式(1)を 比 較 を,KID/ 用 い て 計 算 したSA533B CI.1の コン パ ク ト試 験 片 中 を き裂 が 伝 播 す る際 の応 力拡 大 係 数 の変 者の関 化 を 示 して い る,一 方,HAHNら 小 さ の動 的 解 析10)では KID を き裂 伝 播 速 度 の 平 均 値 に対 応 す る破 壊 に対 す る抵抗 と 近 づ くに つ 142
5 Fig. 7. Change in stress intensity factor during crack propagation in compact specimens. Table 3. Comparison of Kia and KID vs. empirically obtained ICVn (0) and KIlYn (v). 143
6 Fig. 9. Change in crack velocity and strain during the crack propagation in an ESSO test specimen of SA533B Cl. 1 steel. Fig. 10. Comparison of ICIaobtained by compact test with Kca by ESSO and DCB tests for KD32 steel. Fig. 8. Comparison of Kia obtained by compact test and Kca by ESSO test for SA533B Cl. 1 steel. 144
7 Fig. 12. Plots of Kia and K1 vs. temperature for HT80-1 steel. Fig. 11. Plots of KIa, KIc, and Kid VS temperature for SA533B Cl. 1 steel. Fig. 13. Plot of Kia vs. (T-TNDT). 145
8 Fig. 14. Plot of KIa vs. (T VTs). 146 Pressure Vessel Tech. (Nov. 1975), p ) 1974 ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Sec. III, Nuclear Power Plant Component, Appendix G (1974) and G. T. HAHN: Met. Trans., 3 (1972), p ) Y. URABE, A. S. KOBAYASHI, A. F. EMERY, and W. J. LOVE: J. Eng. Mat. and Tech. (1977) 6) G. R. IRWIN, J. W. DALLY, T. KOBAYASHI, W. L. FOURNEY, and J. M. ETHERIDGE: NUREG (1976) 7) C. R. BARNES, R. G. HOAGLAND, A.R.ROSEN- FIELD, G. T. HAHN, and P. N. NINCER "Preliminary Compilation of the Test Data and Supplementary Information of the ASTM E Dynamic Initiation-Crack Arrest Task Group," (Feb. 15, 1979) 9 ) M. F. KANNINEN: ASTM Special Publ. 627 (1977) p ) G. T. HAHN, H. T. CORTEN, K. S. KIM, C. P. DEBEL, C. W. MARSCHALL, P. C. GEHLEN, C. POPELAR,R.G.HOAGLAND,A.R.ROSENFIELD, M. F. KANNINEN, and R. SIMON: NUREG/CR- 0057, BMI-1995 (May 1978) 11) M. F. KANNINEN: Int. J. of Fracture, 9 (1) (Mar. 1973), p )J.F.KALTHOFF,J.BEINERT, and S.WINKLER: ASTM Special Publ. 627 (1977), p. 161
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