Cost-Effectiveness Analysis
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1 IWAKURA, Seiji IEDA, Hitoshi WG Vol.1 No Winter
2 Cost-Effectiveness Analysis B / C 8,352 1,565 3, , Vol.1 No Winter 003
3 3 Jules Dupuit la loi du Juin Dupuit Marshall 1930Consumer SurplusHicks 1943 Equivalent Variation Compensating Variation The River and Harbor Act 1950 Green Book Federal Inter-Agency River Basin Committee Foster and Beesley 1963 Sheffield Wales PPBS Planning-Programming-Budgeting System PPBS Vol.1 No Winter
4 1960 PPBS 1960 Dupuit Marshall 1930 Hicks Williams P W M/P CVM ECMT Williams Kanemoto and Mera Vol.1 No Winter 005
5 a 1972b b km 120km a 006 Vol.1 No Winter
6 7 Yai et al ECMT/OECD 1994 IPCC CVM 1998 CVM CVM CVM JR JR 7 52 JR F/S Vol.1 No Winter 007
7 B-C B/C EIRR B C 3 OD UB SB CC LR SV ta tb 1 tc 1 te 30 i Vol.1 No Winter
8 Vol.1 No Winter 009
9 PPBS Vol.1 No Winter
10 RAS/W RAS/W 4 1 Cost Effectiveness Analysis Cost Effectiveness Evaluation Method PPBS efficiency economy 1994 Cost Effectiveness Evaluation Method USDOT FTA 5 METRO/C-TRAN PPBS NeubergerJara-Diaz and Friesz [1969] 5 Bristow et. al USDOT 1990 LRT Dupuit[1844], De la mesure de l utilite des travaux publics, Annales des Ponts et Chaussees, 2e semestre, pp pp Dupuit [1849], De l influence des peages sur l utilite des voies de communication, Annales des Ponts et Chaussees, 1er semestre, pp pp Foster, C. D. and Beesley, M. E. [1963], Estimating the Social Benefit of Constructing an Underground Railway in London, J. of the Royal Statistical Society, Vol.126, No.1, pp [1974], VOL.XVII No.5. 4 ECMT [1967], 2nd International Symposium on Theory and Practice in Transport Economics. [1969] ECMT 2 5 [1968],. [1969], pp [1967], Vol.27, [1969] 7[1969], PPBS 8 [1970], 9 [1971], 2 10 [1970], 3 Vol.1 No Winter 011
11 11[1970], 3 12 [1972a], 13 [1972b], 14 [1973], 8 15 [1974], 17 3 pp [1974], 34 3 pp [1976],19 4 pp [1976], Williams, H.C.W.L. [1976], Travel demand models, Duality relations and user benefit analysis, J. of regional science, vol.16 no.2 20 Williams, H.C.W.L.[1977], On the formation of travel demand models and economic evaluation measures of user benefit, Environment and Planning A, Vol.9, pp [1977], 22 Jara-Diaz, S.R. and Terry L.Friesz [1982], Measuring the Benefits Derived from a Transportation Investment, Transpn Res., Vol.16B, No.1.. [1982], [1984], 7 24 Kanemoto and Mera[1985], General Equilibrium Analysis of the Benefits of Large Transportation Improvements, Regional Science and Urban Economics, Vol. 15, pp [1985], 26 [1986], 27 [1986], No.4 pp [1986], No.365 pp [1987], A [1987], No.10 pp [1987], 32 [1988], 33 [1988], 3 34 [1988], No.6 pp [1988], 6 pp [1989], 1 MOBILITYpp [1990], 38 [1990], No.413 pp USDOT [1990], Urban Rail Transit Projects : Forecast Versus Actual Ridership and Cost 40 [1991], No.425 pp [1993a], No.16 2 pp [1994], 43 [1995], Federal Minister of Transport[1993], Macro-Economic Evaluation of Transport Infrastructure Investments, Publication Series Vol.72. RAS/W. [1997], [1993] RAS-W ECMT/OECD [1994], Internalizing the social costs of transport, OECD publication 46 [1994], 47 [1995], [1996], 48 [1995], 49[1995],MOBILITY No.101 pp [1996], A METRO/C-TRAN [1996], Evaluation Methods Report-South/North transit Corridor Study Draft Environmental Impact Statement 52 [1997], 53 Yai, T., S.Iwakura, S.Morichi [1997], Multinomial Probit with Structured Covariance for Route Choice Behavior, Transpn Res.-B, Vol.31 No.3, pp [1993b], No [1997], 55 [1997], [1992], No.449 pp [1997], IPCC 3 57 [1997], [1997], 6 pp [1997], [1998], [1998], [1998], 6 Vol.83 pp [1998], 58 5 pp Bristow, A.L. et al. [1998], Cost, Prices and Values in the Appraisal of Transport Projects-European Principles and Practice, WCTR98 working paper 64 [1998], Vol.1 No Winter
12 Past and Future of Cost-Benefit Analysis for Railway Projects in Japan By Seiji IWAKURA and Hitoshi IEDA Since 1960 s theoretical evaluation methods for transport investment have been developed; such as user surplus approach, hedonic approach and regional econometric model etc. However, in the past, cost-benefit analysis was little adopted in decision-making process in transportation sectors in Japan. Recently, Ministry of Transport decided to use the cost-benefit analysis for project appraisal. This paper reviews the history of theoretical and practical cost-benefit analysis focusing on railway investment, and discusses on issues of research for the future from theoretical and practical viewpoints. Key Words ; railway project, cost benefit analysis, manual, review Vol.1 No Winter 013
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