FabHetero FabHetero FabHetero FabCache FabCache SPEC2000INT IPC FabCache 0.076%

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "FabHetero FabHetero FabHetero FabCache FabCache SPEC2000INT IPC FabCache 0.076%"

Transcription

1 2013 (409812)

2 FabHetero FabHetero FabHetero FabCache FabCache SPEC2000INT IPC FabCache 0.076%

3 Abstract Single-ISA heterogeneous multi-core processors are increasing importance in the processor architecture. However, designing a single-isa heterogeneous multi-core requires design and verification effort which is multipliedby the number of different cores. processor. Therefore, FabHetero is proposed to solve this problem. FabHetero generates diverse heterogeneous multi-core processors automatically using FabScalar, FabCache, and FabBus. This paper proposes and implements FabCache which can automatically generate diverse cache systems of FabHetero. To indicate that the cache generated by FabCache works correctly, we execute 10 million instructions on SPEC2000INT benchmarks. we compared the area of auto-generated cache by FabCache with the area of hand designed cache. According to the evaluation results, caches generated by FabCache work correctly and occupy almost the same area compared with hand-designed cache.

4 FabScalar FabHetero FabBus FabCache A 23 B 23 i

5 FabHetero Instruction Per Cycle Instruction Per Cycle Instruction Per Cycle Instruction Per Cycle ii

6 5.1 L iii

7 1 RTL(Register Transfer Level) FabScalar[1] FabScalar FabScalar FabHetero[2] FabHetero 1

8 FabHetero FabCache 3 4 FabScalar 5 FabHetero 6 FabCache 7 2

9 2 Homogeneous Heterogeneous 2.1: CPU 1 ( 2.1) ( 2.1) 3

10 4

11 3 3.1 FabScalar FabScalar[2] FabScalar FabScalar FabScalar FabHetero 5

12 F D E M W

13 SinglePipeline 1 F D 2 3 SuperScalar 1 F D 2 F D F D F D F D E M W F D E M W E M W E M W F D F D E M W E M W E M W E M W E M W 3.2: 2 7

14 4 FabHetero FabScalar FabCache L1 Inst Cache PU0 PU1 PU2 Implemented L1 Data Cache L1-I L1-D L1-I L1-D L2 L2-I L2-D FabBus Shared Memory 4.3: FabHetero FabHetero 4.3 FabHetero FabScalar FabCache FabBus FabScalar FabCache FabBus 8

15 FabHetero FabCache 4.1 FabBus FabBus 9

16 5 FabCache L1 4.3 L1 L2 4.3 L1L2 L2 L2 FabCache FabCache L1 L1 5.1 Fetch Width 1 Cache Size Way Size Line Size 1 Word Size between L1 and L2 L1 L2 SRAM Access Latency SRAM 10

17 5.1 1 FabScalar FabCache 5.1: L1 PARAMETER RANGE Fetch Width 1 8 Cache Size 2 n Way Size 1 32 Line Size 1 8 Word Size between L1 and L2 1 LineSize SRAM Access Latency depend on SRAM module 11

18 5.1 Core Cache 1 FETCH_WIDTH : FabScalar FabScalar 4 12

19 a p ( a b c d ) c d e f c d e f c d e f 1 13

20 Line0 Line1 Line2 Line3 Line4 Line5 Line6 Line7 1 c d e f a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p Line0 Line2 c d e f a b c d i j k l Line1 Line3 e f g h m n o p Normal Memory Even Bank Odd Bank 5.5: 5.2 L1 System Verilog d e f 14

21 4 c d e f d e f 2 15

22 6 FabCache SPEC2000INT bzip gzip gap mcf parser voretx IPC) IPC 128KB IPC 100% IPC FabCache IPC FabCache FabCache % FabCache 1 16

23 Line0 Line1 Line2 Line3 Line4 Line5 Line6 Line7 a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p Line0 Line2 a b c d i j k l c d e c d e f Line1 Line3 e f g h m n o p Normal Memory Even Bank Odd Bank 6.6: 2 6.2: FabCache m ns m ns 7 FabCache 0 076%

24 1.4 1 FETCH WIDTH IPC bzip gzip gap 0.2 mcf parser vortex Cache Size(KB) Perfect : Instruction Per Cycle1 2 FETCH WIDTH IPC bzip 0.4 gzip gap mcf 0.2 parser vortex Cache Size(KB) Perfect 6.8: Instruction Per Cycle2 18

25 1.4 4 FETCH WIDTH IPC bzip gzip gap 0.2 mcf parser vortex Cache Size(KB) Perfect : Instruction Per Cycle4 8 FETCH WIDTH IPC bzip gzip gap 0.2 mcf parser vortex Cache Size(KB) Perfect 6.10: Instruction Per Cycle8 19

26 L1 L2 20

27 21

28 [1] N. K. Choudhary, S. V. Wadhavkar, T. A. Shah, H. Mayukh, J. Gandhi, B. H. Dwiel, S. Navada, H. H. Najaf-abadi and E. Rotenberg. FabScalar: Composing Synthesizable RTL Designs of Arbitrary Cores within a Canonical Superscalar Template. Proceeding of the 38th IEEE/ACM Int l Symposium on Computer Architecture (ISCA-38), pp , June [2],, Eric Rotenberg,,, FabScalar Alpha 21264, SACSIS2012. [3], AMBA,SWOPP

29 A B PARAMETER RANGE FabCache SIZE ICACHE SIZE ICACHE WAY 1 SIZE DCACHE 8192 SIZE DCACHE WAY 1 L2LATENCY 1 FabScalar FETCH WIDTH : 23

Core1 FabScalar VerilogHDL Cache Cache FabScalar 1 CoreConnect[2] Wishbone[3] AMBA[4] AMBA 1 AMBA ARM L2 AMBA2.0 AMBA2.0 FabScalar AHB APB AHB AMBA2.0

Core1 FabScalar VerilogHDL Cache Cache FabScalar 1 CoreConnect[2] Wishbone[3] AMBA[4] AMBA 1 AMBA ARM L2 AMBA2.0 AMBA2.0 FabScalar AHB APB AHB AMBA2.0 AMBA 1 1 1 1 FabScalar FabScalar AMBA AMBA FutureBus Improvement of AMBA Bus Frame-work for Heterogeneos Multi-processor Seto Yusuke 1 Takahiro Sasaki 1 Kazuhiko Ohno 1 Toshio Kondo 1 Abstract: The demand

More information

1 FabScalar FabCache FabBus FabHetero FabCache FabCache FabCache FabCache FabCache ns 0.1

1 FabScalar FabCache FabBus FabHetero FabCache FabCache FabCache FabCache FabCache ns 0.1 2015 (413M505) 1 FabScalar FabCache FabBus FabHetero FabCache FabCache FabCache FabCache FabCache 3.5 0.1ns 0.1 Abstract Single-ISA heterogeneous multi-core architecture which consists of diverse superscalar

More information

4.1 % 7.5 %

4.1 % 7.5 % 2018 (412837) 4.1 % 7.5 % Abstract Recently, various methods for improving computial performance have been proposed. One of these various methods is Multi-core. Multi-core can execute processes in parallel

More information

16.16%

16.16% 2017 (411824) 16.16% Abstract Multi-core processor is common technique for high computing performance. In many multi-core processor architectures, all processors share L2 and last level cache memory. Thus,

More information

1 OpenCL OpenCL 1 OpenCL GPU ( ) 1 OpenCL Compute Units Elements OpenCL OpenCL SPMD (Single-Program, Multiple-Data) SPMD OpenCL work-item work-group N

1 OpenCL OpenCL 1 OpenCL GPU ( ) 1 OpenCL Compute Units Elements OpenCL OpenCL SPMD (Single-Program, Multiple-Data) SPMD OpenCL work-item work-group N GPU 1 1 2 1, 3 2, 3 (Graphics Unit: GPU) GPU GPU GPU Evaluation of GPU Computing Based on An Automatic Program Generation Technology Makoto Sugawara, 1 Katsuto Sato, 1 Kazuhiko Komatsu, 2 Hiroyuki Takizawa

More information

23 Fig. 2: hwmodulev2 3. Reconfigurable HPC 3.1 hw/sw hw/sw hw/sw FPGA PC FPGA PC FPGA HPC FPGA FPGA hw/sw hw/sw hw- Module FPGA hwmodule hw/sw FPGA h

23 Fig. 2: hwmodulev2 3. Reconfigurable HPC 3.1 hw/sw hw/sw hw/sw FPGA PC FPGA PC FPGA HPC FPGA FPGA hw/sw hw/sw hw- Module FPGA hwmodule hw/sw FPGA h 23 FPGA CUDA Performance Comparison of FPGA Array with CUDA on Poisson Equation (lijiang@sekine-lab.ei.tuat.ac.jp), (kazuki@sekine-lab.ei.tuat.ac.jp), (takahashi@sekine-lab.ei.tuat.ac.jp), (tamukoh@cc.tuat.ac.jp),

More information

2 1997 1M SRAM 1 25 ns 1 100 250 1,000 DRAM 60 120 ns 50 5 10 50 10 20 ms 5,000,000 0.1 0.2 1

2 1997 1M SRAM 1 25 ns 1 100 250 1,000 DRAM 60 120 ns 50 5 10 50 10 20 ms 5,000,000 0.1 0.2 1 1 2 1997 1M SRAM 1 25 ns 1 100 250 1,000 DRAM 60 120 ns 50 5 10 50 10 20 ms 5,000,000 0.1 0.2 1 CPU 1 1 2 2 n CPU SRAM DRAM CPU 3 4 5 6 7 N+ N+ P SRAM DRAM 8 Computer Architecture 9 DRAM 3 4 10 11 Ta 2

More information

GPGPU

GPGPU GPGPU 2013 1008 2015 1 23 Abstract In recent years, with the advance of microscope technology, the alive cells have been able to observe. On the other hand, from the standpoint of image processing, the

More information

先進的計算基盤システムシンポジウム SACSIS 2011 Symposium on Advanced Computing Systems and Infrastructures SACSIS /5/25 Combining Bimode Bimode-Plus Agree Hybr

先進的計算基盤システムシンポジウム SACSIS 2011 Symposium on Advanced Computing Systems and Infrastructures SACSIS /5/25 Combining Bimode Bimode-Plus Agree Hybr Combining Bimode Bimode-Plus Agree Hybrid 5 SPECint2000 9% A Branch Predictor Using Miss-prediction Bias Lin Meng and Shigeru Oyanagi Modern processors exploit instruction level parallelism by deeper pipeline

More information

26 FPGA 11 05340 1 FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit) FPGA FPGA FPGA FPGA Linux FreeDOS skewed way L1

26 FPGA 11 05340 1 FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit) FPGA FPGA FPGA FPGA Linux FreeDOS skewed way L1 FPGA 272 11 05340 26 FPGA 11 05340 1 FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit) FPGA FPGA FPGA FPGA Linux FreeDOS skewed way L1 FPGA skewed L2 FPGA skewed Linux

More information

58 10

58 10 57 Multi-channel MAC Protocol with Multi-busytone in Ad-hoc Networks Masatoshi Fukushima*, Ushio Yamamoto* and Yoshikuni Onozato* Abstract Multi-channel MAC protocols for wireless ad hoc networks have

More information

,4) 1 P% P%P=2.5 5%!%! (1) = (2) l l Figure 1 A compilation flow of the proposing sampling based architecture simulation

,4) 1 P% P%P=2.5 5%!%! (1) = (2) l l Figure 1 A compilation flow of the proposing sampling based architecture simulation 1 1 1 1 SPEC CPU 2000 EQUAKE 1.6 50 500 A Parallelizing Compiler Cooperative Multicore Architecture Simulator with Changeover Mechanism of Simulation Modes GAKUHO TAGUCHI 1 YOUICHI ABE 1 KEIJI KIMURA 1

More information

17 Proposal of an Algorithm of Image Extraction and Research on Improvement of a Man-machine Interface of Food Intake Measuring System

17 Proposal of an Algorithm of Image Extraction and Research on Improvement of a Man-machine Interface of Food Intake Measuring System 1. (1) ( MMI ) 2. 3. MMI Personal Computer(PC) MMI PC 1 1 2 (%) (%) 100.0 95.2 100.0 80.1 2 % 31.3% 2 PC (3 ) (2) MMI 2 ( ),,,, 49,,p531-532,2005 ( ),,,,,2005,p66-p67,2005 17 Proposal of an Algorithm of

More information

Chip Size and Performance Evaluations of Shared Cache for On-chip Multiprocessor Takahiro SASAKI, Tomohiro INOUE, Nobuhiko OMORI, Tetsuo HIRONAKA, Han

Chip Size and Performance Evaluations of Shared Cache for On-chip Multiprocessor Takahiro SASAKI, Tomohiro INOUE, Nobuhiko OMORI, Tetsuo HIRONAKA, Han Chip Size and Performance Evaluations of Shared Cache for On-chip Multiprocessor Takahiro SASAKI, Tomohiro INOUE, Nobuhiko OMORI, Tetsuo HIRONAKA, Hans J. MATTAUSCH, and Tetsushi KOIDE 1 1 2 0.5 µm CMOS

More information

Web Basic Web SAS-2 Web SAS-2 i

Web Basic Web SAS-2 Web SAS-2 i 19 Development of moving image delivery system for elementary school 1080337 2008 3 10 Web Basic Web SAS-2 Web SAS-2 i Abstract Development of moving image delivery system for elementary school Ayuko INOUE

More information

<95DB8C9288E397C389C88A E696E6462>

<95DB8C9288E397C389C88A E696E6462> 2011 Vol.60 No.2 p.138 147 Performance of the Japanese long-term care benefit: An International comparison based on OECD health data Mie MORIKAWA[1] Takako TSUTSUI[2] [1]National Institute of Public Health,

More information

2017 (413812)

2017 (413812) 2017 (413812) Deep Learning ( NN) 2012 Google ASIC(Application Specific Integrated Circuit: IC) 10 ASIC Deep Learning TPU(Tensor Processing Unit) NN 12 20 30 Abstract Multi-layered neural network(nn) has

More information

Microsoft PowerPoint MPSoC-KojiInoue-web.pptx

Microsoft PowerPoint MPSoC-KojiInoue-web.pptx Adaptive Execution on 3D Microprocessors Koji Inoue Kyushu University 1 Outline Why 3D? Will 3D always work well? work well? Support Adaptive Execution! Memory Hierarchy Run time Optimization Conclusions

More information

DRAM L2 L2 DRAM L2 DRAM L2 RAM DRAM 3 DRAM 3. 1 DRAM SRAM/DRAM 2. SRAM/DRAM DRAM LLC Last Level Cache 2 2) DRAM 1(A) (B) LLC L2 DRAM DRAM L2 SRAM DRAM

DRAM L2 L2 DRAM L2 DRAM L2 RAM DRAM 3 DRAM 3. 1 DRAM SRAM/DRAM 2. SRAM/DRAM DRAM LLC Last Level Cache 2 2) DRAM 1(A) (B) LLC L2 DRAM DRAM L2 SRAM DRAM SRAM/DRAM 1 1 2 2 3 DRAM DRAM 2 SRAM/DRAM 1) 1) L2 3.01 1.17 Run-time Operation-Mode Management on SRAM/DRAM Hybrid Cache SHINYA HASHIGUCHI, 1 NAOTO FUKUMOTO, 1 KOJI INOUE 2 and KAZUAKI MURAKAMI 2 3D stacked

More information

untitled

untitled The Joint Class between Japanese Learners and Japanese Students What we can see from the Comments Akemi YASUI Abstract The purpose of this paper is to report the results of the joint class between 20 intermediate-advanced

More information

A Feasibility Study of Direct-Mapping-Type Parallel Processing Method to Solve Linear Equations in Load Flow Calculations Hiroaki Inayoshi, Non-member

A Feasibility Study of Direct-Mapping-Type Parallel Processing Method to Solve Linear Equations in Load Flow Calculations Hiroaki Inayoshi, Non-member A Feasibility Study of Direct-Mapping-Type Parallel Processing Method to Solve Linear Equations in Load Flow Calculations Hiroaki Inayoshi, Non-member (University of Tsukuba), Yasuharu Ohsawa, Member (Kobe

More information

LAN LAN LAN LAN LAN LAN,, i

LAN LAN LAN LAN LAN LAN,, i 22 A secure wireless communication system using virtualization technologies 1115139 2011 3 4 LAN LAN LAN LAN LAN LAN,, i Abstract A secure wireless communication system using virtualization technologies

More information

JOURNAL OF THE JAPANESE ASSOCIATION FOR PETROLEUM TECHNOLOGY VOL. 66, NO. 6 (Nov., 2001) (Received August 10, 2001; accepted November 9, 2001) Alterna

JOURNAL OF THE JAPANESE ASSOCIATION FOR PETROLEUM TECHNOLOGY VOL. 66, NO. 6 (Nov., 2001) (Received August 10, 2001; accepted November 9, 2001) Alterna JOURNAL OF THE JAPANESE ASSOCIATION FOR PETROLEUM TECHNOLOGY VOL. 66, NO. 6 (Nov., 2001) (Received August 10, 2001; accepted November 9, 2001) Alternative approach using the Monte Carlo simulation to evaluate

More information

n 2 n (Dynamic Programming : DP) (Genetic Algorithm : GA) 2 i

n 2 n (Dynamic Programming : DP) (Genetic Algorithm : GA) 2 i 15 Comparison and Evaluation of Dynamic Programming and Genetic Algorithm for a Knapsack Problem 1040277 2004 2 25 n 2 n (Dynamic Programming : DP) (Genetic Algorithm : GA) 2 i Abstract Comparison and

More information

1 Table 1: Identification by color of voxel Voxel Mode of expression Nothing Other 1 Orange 2 Blue 3 Yellow 4 SSL Humanoid SSL-Vision 3 3 [, 21] 8 325

1 Table 1: Identification by color of voxel Voxel Mode of expression Nothing Other 1 Orange 2 Blue 3 Yellow 4 SSL Humanoid SSL-Vision 3 3 [, 21] 8 325 社団法人人工知能学会 Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence 人工知能学会研究会資料 JSAI Technical Report SIG-Challenge-B3 (5/5) RoboCup SSL Humanoid A Proposal and its Application of Color Voxel Server for RoboCup SSL

More information

DTN DTN DTN DTN i

DTN DTN DTN DTN i 28 DTN Proposal of the Aggregation Message Ferrying for Evacuee s Data Delivery in DTN Environment 1170302 2017 2 28 DTN DTN DTN DTN i Abstract Proposal of the Aggregation Message Ferrying for Evacuee

More information

Studies of Foot Form for Footwear Design (Part 9) : Characteristics of the Foot Form of Young and Elder Women Based on their Sizes of Ball Joint Girth

Studies of Foot Form for Footwear Design (Part 9) : Characteristics of the Foot Form of Young and Elder Women Based on their Sizes of Ball Joint Girth Studies of Foot Form for Footwear Design (Part 9) : Characteristics of the Foot Form of Young and Elder Women Based on their Sizes of Ball Joint Girth and Foot Breadth Akiko Yamamoto Fukuoka Women's University,

More information

IPSJ SIG Technical Report Vol.2014-CG-155 No /6/28 1,a) 1,2,3 1 3,4 CG An Interpolation Method of Different Flow Fields using Polar Inter

IPSJ SIG Technical Report Vol.2014-CG-155 No /6/28 1,a) 1,2,3 1 3,4 CG An Interpolation Method of Different Flow Fields using Polar Inter ,a),2,3 3,4 CG 2 2 2 An Interpolation Method of Different Flow Fields using Polar Interpolation Syuhei Sato,a) Yoshinori Dobashi,2,3 Tsuyoshi Yamamoto Tomoyuki Nishita 3,4 Abstract: Recently, realistic

More information

Sobel Canny i

Sobel Canny i 21 Edge Feature for Monochrome Image Retrieval 1100311 2010 3 1 3 3 2 2 7 200 Sobel Canny i Abstract Edge Feature for Monochrome Image Retrieval Naoto Suzue Content based image retrieval (CBIR) has been

More information

28 Docker Design and Implementation of Program Evaluation System Using Docker Virtualized Environment

28 Docker Design and Implementation of Program Evaluation System Using Docker Virtualized Environment 28 Docker Design and Implementation of Program Evaluation System Using Docker Virtualized Environment 1170288 2017 2 28 Docker,.,,.,,.,,.,. Docker.,..,., Web, Web.,.,.,, CPU,,. i ., OS..,, OS, VirtualBox,.,

More information

P2P Web Proxy P2P Web Proxy P2P P2P Web Proxy P2P Web Proxy Web P2P WebProxy i

P2P Web Proxy P2P Web Proxy P2P P2P Web Proxy P2P Web Proxy Web P2P WebProxy i 27 Verification of the usefulness of the data distribution method by browser cache sharing 1160285 2016 2 26 P2P Web Proxy P2P Web Proxy P2P P2P Web Proxy P2P Web Proxy Web P2P WebProxy i Abstract Verification

More information

258 5) GPS 1 GPS 6) GPS DP 7) 8) 10) GPS GPS 2 3 4 5 2. 2.1 3 1) GPS Global Positioning System

258 5) GPS 1 GPS 6) GPS DP 7) 8) 10) GPS GPS 2 3 4 5 2. 2.1 3 1) GPS Global Positioning System Vol. 52 No. 1 257 268 (Jan. 2011) 1 2, 1 1 measurement. In this paper, a dynamic road map making system is proposed. The proposition system uses probe-cars which has an in-vehicle camera and a GPS receiver.

More information

P2P P2P peer peer P2P peer P2P peer P2P i

P2P P2P peer peer P2P peer P2P peer P2P i 26 P2P Proposed a system for the purpose of idle resource utilization of the computer using the P2P 1150373 2015 2 27 P2P P2P peer peer P2P peer P2P peer P2P i Abstract Proposed a system for the purpose

More information

<836F F312E706466>

<836F F312E706466> 5022381212008. 3 1 2 1 2 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 Real World 4 Imagined World 1 5 6 4 1792 7 4 1847 8 9 1 10 11 12 13 14 22 200 15 1 3 1783 4 16 7 8 17 2 18 3 19 20 21 22 23 1995 40 24 25 3 1 1 4 3

More information

2) TA Hercules CAA 5 [6], [7] CAA BOSS [8] 2. C II C. ( 1 ) C. ( 2 ). ( 3 ) 100. ( 4 ) () HTML NFS Hercules ( )

2) TA Hercules CAA 5 [6], [7] CAA BOSS [8] 2. C II C. ( 1 ) C. ( 2 ). ( 3 ) 100. ( 4 ) () HTML NFS Hercules ( ) 1,a) 2 4 WC C WC C Grading Student programs for visualizing progress in classroom Naito Hiroshi 1,a) Saito Takashi 2 Abstract: To grade student programs in Computer-Aided Assessment system, we propose

More information

先端社会研究 ★5★号/4.山崎

先端社会研究 ★5★号/4.山崎 71 72 5 1 2005 7 8 47 14 2,379 2,440 1 2 3 2 73 4 3 1 4 1 5 1 5 8 3 2002 79 232 2 1999 249 265 74 5 3 5. 1 1 3. 1 1 2004 4. 1 23 2 75 52 5,000 2 500 250 250 125 3 1995 1998 76 5 1 2 1 100 2004 4 100 200

More information

IPSJ SIG Technical Report Vol.2015-HPC-150 No /8/6 I/O Jianwei Liao 1 Gerofi Balazs 1 1 Guo-Yuan Lien Prototyping F

IPSJ SIG Technical Report Vol.2015-HPC-150 No /8/6 I/O Jianwei Liao 1 Gerofi Balazs 1 1 Guo-Yuan Lien Prototyping F I/O Jianwei Liao 1 Gerofi Balazs 1 1 Guo-Yuan Lien 1 1 1 1 1 30 30 100 30 30 2 Prototyping File I/O Arbitrator Middleware for Real-Time Severe Weather Prediction System Jianwei Liao 1 Gerofi Balazs 1 Yutaka

More information

,,,,., C Java,,.,,.,., ,,.,, i

,,,,., C Java,,.,,.,., ,,.,, i 24 Development of the programming s learning tool for children be derived from maze 1130353 2013 3 1 ,,,,., C Java,,.,,.,., 1 6 1 2.,,.,, i Abstract Development of the programming s learning tool for children

More information

soturon.dvi

soturon.dvi 12 Exploration Method of Various Routes with Genetic Algorithm 1010369 2001 2 5 ( Genetic Algorithm: GA ) GA 2 3 Dijkstra Dijkstra i Abstract Exploration Method of Various Routes with Genetic Algorithm

More information

29 jjencode JavaScript

29 jjencode JavaScript Kochi University of Technology Aca Title jjencode で難読化された JavaScript の検知 Author(s) 中村, 弘亮 Citation Date of 2018-03 issue URL http://hdl.handle.net/10173/1975 Rights Text version author Kochi, JAPAN http://kutarr.lib.kochi-tech.ac.jp/dspa

More information

単位、情報量、デジタルデータ、CPUと高速化 ~ICT用語集~

単位、情報量、デジタルデータ、CPUと高速化  ~ICT用語集~ CPU ICT mizutani@ic.daito.ac.jp 2014 SI: Systèm International d Unités SI SI 10 1 da 10 1 d 10 2 h 10 2 c 10 3 k 10 3 m 10 6 M 10 6 µ 10 9 G 10 9 n 10 12 T 10 12 p 10 15 P 10 15 f 10 18 E 10 18 a 10 21

More information

橡自動車~1.PDF

橡自動車~1.PDF CIRJE-J-34 2000 10 Abstract In this paper, we examine the diversity of transaction patterns observed between a single pair of one automaker and one auto parts supplier in Japan. Assumed reasonably that

More information

WebRTC P2P Web Proxy P2P Web Proxy WebRTC WebRTC Web, HTTP, WebRTC, P2P i

WebRTC P2P Web Proxy P2P Web Proxy WebRTC WebRTC Web, HTTP, WebRTC, P2P i 26 WebRTC The data distribution system using browser cache sharing and WebRTC 1150361 2015/02/27 WebRTC P2P Web Proxy P2P Web Proxy WebRTC WebRTC Web, HTTP, WebRTC, P2P i Abstract The data distribution

More information

( ) [1] [4] ( ) 2. [5] [6] Piano Tutor[7] [1], [2], [8], [9] Radiobaton[10] Two Finger Piano[11] Coloring-in Piano[12] ism[13] MIDI MIDI 1 Fig. 1 Syst

( ) [1] [4] ( ) 2. [5] [6] Piano Tutor[7] [1], [2], [8], [9] Radiobaton[10] Two Finger Piano[11] Coloring-in Piano[12] ism[13] MIDI MIDI 1 Fig. 1 Syst 情報処理学会インタラクション 2015 IPSJ Interaction 2015 15INT014 2015/3/7 1,a) 1,b) 1,c) Design and Implementation of a Piano Learning Support System Considering Motivation Fukuya Yuto 1,a) Takegawa Yoshinari 1,b) Yanagi

More information

, IT.,.,..,.. i

, IT.,.,..,.. i 25 To construct the system that promote a interactive method as a knowledge acquisition 1140317 2014 2 28 , IT.,.,..,.. i Abstract To construct the system that promote a interactive method as a knowledge

More information

WikiWeb Wiki Web Wiki 2. Wiki 1 STAR WARS [3] Wiki Wiki Wiki 2 3 Wiki 5W1H 3 2.1 Wiki Web 2.2 5W1H 5W1H 5W1H 5W1H 5W1H 5W1H 5W1H 2.3 Wiki 2015 Informa

WikiWeb Wiki Web Wiki 2. Wiki 1 STAR WARS [3] Wiki Wiki Wiki 2 3 Wiki 5W1H 3 2.1 Wiki Web 2.2 5W1H 5W1H 5W1H 5W1H 5W1H 5W1H 5W1H 2.3 Wiki 2015 Informa 情 報 処 理 学 会 インタラクション 2015 IPSJ Interaction 2015 A17 2015/3/5 Web 1 1 1 Web Web Position and Time based Summary System using Story Style for Web Contents Daichi Ariyama 1 Daichi Ando 1 Shinichi Kasahara

More information

IT i

IT i 27 The automatic extract of know-how search tag using a thesaurus 1160374 2016 2 26 IT i Abstract The automatic extract of know-how search tag using a thesaurus In recent years, a number of organizational

More information

IPSJ SIG Technical Report Vol.2017-ARC-225 No.12 Vol.2017-SLDM-179 No.12 Vol.2017-EMB-44 No /3/9 1 1 RTOS DefensiveZone DefensiveZone MPU RTOS

IPSJ SIG Technical Report Vol.2017-ARC-225 No.12 Vol.2017-SLDM-179 No.12 Vol.2017-EMB-44 No /3/9 1 1 RTOS DefensiveZone DefensiveZone MPU RTOS 1 1 RTOS DefensiveZone DefensiveZone MPU RTOS RTOS OS Lightweight partitioning architecture for automotive systems Suzuki Takehito 1 Honda Shinya 1 Abstract: Partitioning using protection RTOS has high

More information

..,,,, , ( ) 3.,., 3.,., 500, 233.,, 3,,.,, i

..,,,, , ( ) 3.,., 3.,., 500, 233.,, 3,,.,, i 25 Feature Selection for Prediction of Stock Price Time Series 1140357 2014 2 28 ..,,,,. 2013 1 1 12 31, ( ) 3.,., 3.,., 500, 233.,, 3,,.,, i Abstract Feature Selection for Prediction of Stock Price Time

More information

7,, i

7,, i 23 Research of the authentication method on the two dimensional code 1145111 2012 2 13 7,, i Abstract Research of the authentication method on the two dimensional code Karita Koichiro Recently, the two

More information

Virtual Window System Virtual Window System Virtual Window System Virtual Window System Virtual Window System Virtual Window System Social Networking

Virtual Window System Virtual Window System Virtual Window System Virtual Window System Virtual Window System Virtual Window System Social Networking 23 An attribute expression of the virtual window system communicators 1120265 2012 3 1 Virtual Window System Virtual Window System Virtual Window System Virtual Window System Virtual Window System Virtual

More information

企業の信頼性を通じたブランド構築に関する考察

企業の信頼性を通じたブランド構築に関する考察 Abstract The importance of the relationship management came to be said. The essence of relationship is a relation based on the shinrai of each other, and the base to build a more long-term relation to

More information

25 Removal of the fricative sounds that occur in the electronic stethoscope

25 Removal of the fricative sounds that occur in the electronic stethoscope 25 Removal of the fricative sounds that occur in the electronic stethoscope 1140311 2014 3 7 ,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,,.,.,.,.,,. i Abstract Removal of the fricative sounds that occur in the electronic stethoscope

More information

12 DCT A Data-Driven Implementation of Shape Adaptive DCT

12 DCT A Data-Driven Implementation of Shape Adaptive DCT 12 DCT A Data-Driven Implementation of Shape Adaptive DCT 1010431 2001 2 5 DCT MPEG H261,H263 LSI DDMP [1]DDMP MPEG4 DDMP MPEG4 SA-DCT SA-DCT DCT SA-DCT DDMP SA-DCT MPEG4, DDMP,, SA-DCT,, ο i Abstract

More information

先進的計算基盤システムシンポジウム 2 : : TM TM 2.2 LogTM HTM LogTM TM LogTM LogTM LogTM read write read write LogTM Illinois 3 Read after Write (RaW): writ

先進的計算基盤システムシンポジウム 2 : : TM TM 2.2 LogTM HTM LogTM TM LogTM LogTM LogTM read write read write LogTM Illinois 3 Read after Write (RaW): writ 先進的計算基盤システムシンポジウム LogTM 1 1 1, 1 1 1 LogTM LogTM possible cycle starving writer starving writer LogTM 18.7% 6.6% A Speed-Up Technique for LogTM by Preventing Recurrence of Conflicts Masamichi Eto, 1 Shoichiro

More information

189 2015 1 80

189 2015 1 80 189 2015 1 A Design and Implementation of the Digital Annotation Basis on an Image Resource for a Touch Operation TSUDA Mitsuhiro 79 189 2015 1 80 81 189 2015 1 82 83 189 2015 1 84 85 189 2015 1 86 87

More information

Vol.54 No (July 2013) [9] [10] [11] [12], [13] 1 Fig. 1 Flowchart of the proposed system. c 2013 Information

Vol.54 No (July 2013) [9] [10] [11] [12], [13] 1 Fig. 1 Flowchart of the proposed system. c 2013 Information Vol.54 No.7 1937 1950 (July 2013) 1,a) 2012 11 1, 2013 4 5 1 Similar Sounds Sentences Generator Based on Morphological Analysis Manner and Low Class Words Masaaki Kanakubo 1,a) Received: November 1, 2012,

More information

28 Horizontal angle correction using straight line detection in an equirectangular image

28 Horizontal angle correction using straight line detection in an equirectangular image 28 Horizontal angle correction using straight line detection in an equirectangular image 1170283 2017 3 1 2 i Abstract Horizontal angle correction using straight line detection in an equirectangular image

More information

3_39.dvi

3_39.dvi Vol. 49 No. 3 Mar. 2008 Web 1 2 PC Web Web Windows Web Access Watchdog Systems for Children Protection Tatsumi Ueda 1 and Yoshiaki Takai 2 For today s children, the Internet is one of the most familiar

More information

Table 1. Assumed performance of a water electrol ysis plant. Fig. 1. Structure of a proposed power generation system utilizing waste heat from factori

Table 1. Assumed performance of a water electrol ysis plant. Fig. 1. Structure of a proposed power generation system utilizing waste heat from factori Proposal and Characteristics Evaluation of a Power Generation System Utilizing Waste Heat from Factories for Load Leveling Pyong Sik Pak, Member, Takashi Arima, Non-member (Osaka University) In this paper,

More information

Journal of Geography 116 (6) Configuration of Rapid Digital Mapping System Using Tablet PC and its Application to Obtaining Ground Truth

Journal of Geography 116 (6) Configuration of Rapid Digital Mapping System Using Tablet PC and its Application to Obtaining Ground Truth Journal of Geography 116 (6) 749-758 2007 Configuration of Rapid Digital Mapping System Using Tablet PC and its Application to Obtaining Ground Truth Data: A Case Study of a Snow Survey in Chuetsu District,

More information

NotePC 8 10cd=m 2 965cd=m 2 1.2 Note-PC Weber L,M,S { i {

NotePC 8 10cd=m 2 965cd=m 2 1.2 Note-PC Weber L,M,S { i { 12 The eect of a surrounding light to color discrimination 1010425 2001 2 5 NotePC 8 10cd=m 2 965cd=m 2 1.2 Note-PC Weber L,M,S { i { Abstract The eect of a surrounding light to color discrimination Ynka

More information

Web Web Web Web i

Web Web Web Web i 28 Research of password manager using pattern lock and user certificate 1170369 2017 2 28 Web Web Web Web i Abstract Research of password manager using pattern lock and user certificate Takuya Mimoto In

More information

日本看護管理学会誌15-2

日本看護管理学会誌15-2 The Journal of the Japan Academy of Nursing Administration and Policies Vol. 15, No. 2, PP 135-146, 2011 Differences between Expectations and Experiences of Experienced Nurses Entering a New Work Environment

More information

Core Ethics Vol.

Core Ethics Vol. Core Ethics Vol. Core Ethics Vol. . % % % Core Ethics Vol. %, Core Ethics Vol. % % % -. %. Core Ethics Vol. a b : Core Ethics Vol. pp... pp.. pp... pp. pp.. pp...pp.... pp. pp. pp.. pp.. Vol.. pp... pp..

More information

SOM SOM(Self-Organizing Maps) SOM SOM SOM SOM SOM SOM i

SOM SOM(Self-Organizing Maps) SOM SOM SOM SOM SOM SOM i 20 SOM Development of Syllabus Vsualization System using Spherical Self-Organizing Maps 1090366 2009 3 5 SOM SOM(Self-Organizing Maps) SOM SOM SOM SOM SOM SOM i Abstract Development of Syllabus Vsualization

More information

(SAD) x86 MPSADBW H.264/AVC H.264/AVC SAD SAD x86 SAD MPSADBW SAD 3x3 3 9 SAD SAD SAD x86 MPSADBW SAD 9 SAD SAD 4.6

(SAD) x86 MPSADBW H.264/AVC H.264/AVC SAD SAD x86 SAD MPSADBW SAD 3x3 3 9 SAD SAD SAD x86 MPSADBW SAD 9 SAD SAD 4.6 SAD 23 (410M520) (SAD) x86 MPSADBW H.264/AVC H.264/AVC SAD SAD x86 SAD MPSADBW SAD 3x3 3 9 SAD SAD SAD x86 MPSADBW SAD 9 SAD SAD 4.6 Abstract In recent years, the high definition of video image has made

More information

OS Windows Vista Windows XP PowerPoint2003 Word2003 (a Test No. OS 1 Windows Vista PPT2003 2 Windows Vista Word2003 3 Windows XP PPT2003 4 Windows XP

OS Windows Vista Windows XP PowerPoint2003 Word2003 (a Test No. OS 1 Windows Vista PPT2003 2 Windows Vista Word2003 3 Windows XP PPT2003 4 Windows XP C ommunication In embedded softwares, designing a test process that considers how to perform tests in an efficient way, has been an important problem in a whole development process. By the software test,

More information

第 55 回自動制御連合講演会 2012 年 11 月 17 日,18 日京都大学 1K403 ( ) Interpolation for the Gas Source Detection using the Parameter Estimation in a Sensor Network S. T

第 55 回自動制御連合講演会 2012 年 11 月 17 日,18 日京都大学 1K403 ( ) Interpolation for the Gas Source Detection using the Parameter Estimation in a Sensor Network S. T 第 55 回自動制御連合講演会 212 年 11 月 日, 日京都大学 1K43 () Interpolation for the Gas Source Detection using the Parameter Estimation in a Sensor Network S. Tokumoto, T. Namerikawa (Keio Univ. ) Abstract The purpose of

More information

PC PDA SMTP/POP3 1 POP3 SMTP MUA MUA MUA i

PC PDA SMTP/POP3 1 POP3 SMTP MUA MUA MUA i 21 The private mailers synchronization operation for plural terminals 1125083 2010 3 1 PC PDA SMTP/POP3 1 POP3 SMTP MUA MUA MUA i Abstract The private mailers synchronization operation for plural terminals

More information

2 ( ) i

2 ( ) i 25 Study on Rating System in Multi-player Games with Imperfect Information 1165069 2014 2 28 2 ( ) i ii Abstract Study on Rating System in Multi-player Games with Imperfect Information Shigehiko MORITA

More information

2007-Kanai-paper.dvi

2007-Kanai-paper.dvi 19 Estimation of Sound Source Zone using The Arrival Time Interval 1080351 2008 3 7 S/N 2 2 2 i Abstract Estimation of Sound Source Zone using The Arrival Time Interval Koichiro Kanai The microphone array

More information

kut-paper-template.dvi

kut-paper-template.dvi 14 Application of Automatic Text Summarization for Question Answering System 1030260 2003 2 12 Prassie Posum Prassie Prassie i Abstract Application of Automatic Text Summarization for Question Answering

More information

IPSJ SIG Technical Report Vol.2011-MUS-91 No /7/ , 3 1 Design and Implementation on a System for Learning Songs by Presenting Musical St

IPSJ SIG Technical Report Vol.2011-MUS-91 No /7/ , 3 1 Design and Implementation on a System for Learning Songs by Presenting Musical St 1 2 1, 3 1 Design and Implementation on a System for Learning Songs by Presenting Musical Structures based on Phrase Similarity Yuma Ito, 1 Yoshinari Takegawa, 2 Tsutomu Terada 1, 3 and Masahiko Tsukamoto

More information

MmUm+FopX m Mm+Mop F-Mm(Fop-Mopum)M m+mop MSuS+FX S M S+MOb Fs-Ms(Mobus-Fex)M s+mob Fig. 1 Particle model of single degree of freedom master/ slave sy

MmUm+FopX m Mm+Mop F-Mm(Fop-Mopum)M m+mop MSuS+FX S M S+MOb Fs-Ms(Mobus-Fex)M s+mob Fig. 1 Particle model of single degree of freedom master/ slave sy Analysis and Improvement of Digital Control Stability for Master-Slave Manipulator System Koichi YOSHIDA* and Tetsuro YABUTA* Some bilateral controls of master-slave system have been designed, which can

More information

untitled

untitled 17 2 Realization on the Direct Two-dimensional Wavelet Transform 1060341 2006 3 10 2 JPEG JPEG2000 [1] X-Y X 1 Y 1 VGA 1 1MBte LSI LSI 2 2 5/3 [2][3] 2 5/3 9/7 7 7 N X M Y 32N M 10N M X-Y 9/7 4 1.67 1

More information

28 TCG SURF Card recognition using SURF in TCG play video

28 TCG SURF Card recognition using SURF in TCG play video 28 TCG SURF Card recognition using SURF in TCG play video 1170374 2017 3 2 TCG SURF TCG TCG OCG SURF Bof 20 20 30 10 1 SURF Bag of features i Abstract Card recognition using SURF in TCG play video Haruka

More information

& Vol.5 No (Oct. 2015) TV 1,2,a) , Augmented TV TV AR Augmented Reality 3DCG TV Estimation of TV Screen Position and Ro

& Vol.5 No (Oct. 2015) TV 1,2,a) , Augmented TV TV AR Augmented Reality 3DCG TV Estimation of TV Screen Position and Ro TV 1,2,a) 1 2 2015 1 26, 2015 5 21 Augmented TV TV AR Augmented Reality 3DCG TV Estimation of TV Screen Position and Rotation Using Mobile Device Hiroyuki Kawakita 1,2,a) Toshio Nakagawa 1 Makoto Sato

More information

Kochi University of Technology Aca Title 省 電 力 セルフタイム 回 路 に 関 する 研 究 Author(s) 岩 田, 誠, 宮 城, 桂, 三 宮, 秀 次, 西 川, 博 昭 Citation 高 知 工 科 大 学 紀 要, 10(1): 95-102 Date of 2013-07-20 issue URL http://hdl.handle.net/10173/1082

More information

<4D6963726F736F667420576F7264202D20955D985F81458ED089EF89C88A77313036816989BA816A32303133944E82568C8E825093FA8C8E88B18DE28FE396EC92E78ADB8E5289FC>

<4D6963726F736F667420576F7264202D20955D985F81458ED089EF89C88A77313036816989BA816A32303133944E82568C8E825093FA8C8E88B18DE28FE396EC92E78ADB8E5289FC> QDA 1 2 2 1 2 2 3 3 1 3 2 4 4 1 4 2 1 EBP Evidence Based Practice EBP 1 2013 6 27 2013 7 1 Agency for Health Care Policy and Research : AHCPR Gambrill 2006 McNeece & Thyer 2004 AHCPR Ia ba b 2006 KJ 2

More information

20 No. 35 (2014) 2013 Excel Excel Excel Excel a 1

20 No. 35 (2014) 2013 Excel Excel Excel Excel a 1 19 Excel The Development of an Automatic Marking Program of a Standardized Test for Excel and a Report on the Results of the Test Tadashi Osone, Jun Sekine, Ami Tambo School of Business Administration,

More information

2014Vol.63No.4p.383393 Thermal environment for health and safety Hirohumi HAYAMA Masaya SAITO Haruka MIKAMI Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University School of Design, Sapporo City University Graduate

More information

1 DHT Fig. 1 Example of DHT 2 Successor Fig. 2 Example of Successor 2.1 Distributed Hash Table key key value O(1) DHT DHT 1 DHT 1 ID key ID IP value D

1 DHT Fig. 1 Example of DHT 2 Successor Fig. 2 Example of Successor 2.1 Distributed Hash Table key key value O(1) DHT DHT 1 DHT 1 ID key ID IP value D P2P 1,a) 1 1 Peer-to-Peer P2P P2P P2P Chord P2P Chord Consideration for Efficient Construction of Distributed Hash Trees on P2P Systems Taihei Higuchi 1,a) Masakazu Soshi 1 Tomoyuki Asaeda 1 Abstract:

More information

外国語科 ( 英語 Ⅱ) 学習指導案 A TOUR OF THE BRAIN ( 高等学校第 2 学年 ) 神奈川県立総合教育センター 平成 20 年度研究指定校共同研究事業 ( 高等学校 ) 授業改善の組織的な取組に向けて 平成 21 年 3 月 平成 20 年度研究指定校である光陵高等学校において 授業改善に向けた組織的な取組として授業実践を行った学習指導案です 生徒主体の活動を多く取り入れ 生徒の学習活動に変化をもたせるとともに

More information

16

16 Empirical Analysis of the Efficiency of the Broadcasting Industry: Verification of Regionalism and a Proposal ABSTRACT Reforms in the broadcasting industry have recently been discussed and proposed, and

More information

Hiroshi OSAWA A Study of Nutrition and Behavior With Particular Reference to Functional Hypoglycemia In order to understand causes of various kinds of problem behavior in the present time, it is assumed

More information

IPSJ SIG Technical Report Vol.2012-CG-148 No /8/29 3DCG 1,a) On rigid body animation taking into account the 3D computer graphics came

IPSJ SIG Technical Report Vol.2012-CG-148 No /8/29 3DCG 1,a) On rigid body animation taking into account the 3D computer graphics came 3DCG 1,a) 2 2 2 2 3 On rigid body animation taking into account the 3D computer graphics camera viewpoint Abstract: In using computer graphics for making games or motion pictures, physics simulation is

More information

23 Study on Generation of Sudoku Problems with Fewer Clues

23 Study on Generation of Sudoku Problems with Fewer Clues 23 Study on Generation of Sudoku Problems with Fewer Clues 1120254 2012 3 1 9 9 21 18 i Abstract Study on Generation of Sudoku Problems with Fewer Clues Norimasa NASU Sudoku is puzzle a kind of pencil

More information

07_伊藤由香_様.indd

07_伊藤由香_様.indd A 1 A A 4 1 85 14 A 2 2006 A B 2 A 3 4 86 3 4 2 1 87 14 1 1 A 2010 2010 3 5 2 1 15 1 15 20 2010 88 2 3 5 2 1 2010 14 2011 15 4 1 3 1 3 15 3 16 3 1 6 COP10 89 14 4 1 7 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 3 5 90 4 1 3 300 5

More information

THE INSTITUTE OF ELECTRONICS, INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERS TECHNICAL REPORT OF IEICE. dou

THE INSTITUTE OF ELECTRONICS, INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERS TECHNICAL REPORT OF IEICE.   dou 九州大学学術情報リポジトリ Kyushu University Institutional Repository キャッシュ ミス頻発ロード命令を対象としたミス原因解析 三輪, 英樹九州大学大学院システム情報科学府 堂後, 靖博福岡大学大学院工学研究科 井上, 弘士九州大学大学院システム情報科学府 村上, 和彰九州大学大学院システム情報科学府 http://hdl.handle.net/34/638

More information

卒業論文2.dvi

卒業論文2.dvi 15 GUI A study on the system to transfer a GUI sub-picture to the enlarging viewer for operational support 1040270 2004 2 27 GUI PC PC GUI Graphical User Interface PC GUI GUI PC GUI PC PC GUI i Abstract

More information

Thesis.dvi

Thesis.dvi 25 (412M528) 1 2 1 50% 75% 18% 2 18% (ED ) 34% 3 Abstract Increasing power consumption has been becoming a major concern not only for mobile computing but also high-performance computing, and processors

More information

Author Workshop 20111124 Henry Cavendish 1731-1810 Biot-Savart 26 (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) Priority Proceeding Impact factor Full paper impact factor Peter Drucker 1890-1971 1903-1989 Title) Abstract

More information

IT,, i

IT,, i 22 Retrieval support system using bookmarks that are shared in an organization 1110250 2011 3 17 IT,, i Abstract Retrieval support system using bookmarks that are shared in an organization Yoshihiko Komaki

More information

1 Fig. 1 Extraction of motion,.,,, 4,,, 3., 1, 2. 2.,. CHLAC,. 2.1,. (256 ).,., CHLAC. CHLAC, HLAC. 2.3 (HLAC ) r,.,. HLAC. N. 2 HLAC Fig. 2

1 Fig. 1 Extraction of motion,.,,, 4,,, 3., 1, 2. 2.,. CHLAC,. 2.1,. (256 ).,., CHLAC. CHLAC, HLAC. 2.3 (HLAC ) r,.,. HLAC. N. 2 HLAC Fig. 2 CHLAC 1 2 3 3,. (CHLAC), 1).,.,, CHLAC,.,. Suspicious Behavior Detection based on CHLAC Method Hideaki Imanishi, 1 Toyohiro Hayashi, 2 Shuichi Enokida 3 and Toshiaki Ejima 3 We have proposed a method for

More information

テストコスト抑制のための技術課題-DFTとATEの観点から

テストコスト抑制のための技術課題-DFTとATEの観点から 2 -at -talk -talk -drop 3 4 5 6 7 Year of Production 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 Embedded Cores Standardization of core Standard format Standard format Standard format Extension to Extension to test

More information

20 15 14.6 15.3 14.9 15.7 16.0 15.7 13.4 14.5 13.7 14.2 10 10 13 16 19 22 1 70,000 60,000 50,000 40,000 30,000 20,000 10,000 0 2,500 59,862 56,384 2,000 42,662 44,211 40,639 37,323 1,500 33,408 34,472

More information