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1 (Japanese Journal of Conservation Ecology) 17 : (2012) Research object biases in Japanese Journal of Conservation Ecology Masato Yamamichi 1 and Mariko Hiraiwa-Hasegawa 2 1 Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, 2 Department of Evolutionary Studies of Biosystems, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies 1996 Abstract: Conservation ecology is an applied area of ecology aimed at conserving biodiversity and maintaining sound ecosystems, and the discipline is expected to contribute to conservation activities. For this purpose, research in conservation ecology should be properly conducted to support such activities. To understand the current features of research in conservation ecology in Japan, we conducted a meta-analysis of papers published in the Japanese Journal of Conservation Ecology, which has been issued by the Ecological Society of Japan since The number of papers published in this journal has been increasing, and the authors of these papers have diversified since the first issue. However, certain biases were found in the published studies that were published: researchers tended to carry out studies close to the research institute to which they belonged, and they tended to study plants, mammals, and fish more often than insects and other invertebrates. We present these results and discuss problems that should be resolved in the future to improve research in conservation ecology in Japan. Keywords: geographic bias, meta-analysis, Red Data Book, taxonomic bias Pyšek et al Pyšek et al Caro et al. 1 Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Corson Hall, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, U.S.A. my287@cornell.edu

2 2005 Pyšek et al Joseph et al keystone species umbrella species Conservation Biology Biological Conservation Clark and May 2002 Klironomos Conservation Biology Biological Conservation Biodiversity & Conservation Fazey et al Seddon et al Trimble and van Aarde 2010 Pyšek et al Pyšek et al Reddy and Dávalos Martin et al Myers et al Conservation International org/where/priority_areas/hotspots/pages/hotspots_main.aspx Primack

3 Japanese Journal of Conservation Ecology , original article report review scientific evaluation news opinion CiNii ci.nii.ac.jp/vol_issue/nels/aa _ja.html PDF PDF km

4 R R Development Core Team Simpson D Shannon H' 2003 S p i i Google Map 2 straightdistance/ Pyšek et al NPO Envision html RDB Pyšek et al 論文数と著者の変化

5 Simpson D Shannon H' 研究対象の地域 A p B p C p D km km 13 2C 研究対象の生物 A RDB 3B 2 p < Pyšek et al C p < 0.01 RDB Pyšek et al D = 0.40 H' = D = 0.69 H' = 1.56 論文の多様化

6 2 A. B. C. H: T: K: C: N: G: 4: 9: I: D. 200 km 地理的偏り Pyšek et al

7 The Ecological Society of Japan 研究対象の偏り 図 3 A. 保全生態学研究の掲載論文 161 本における研究対象生物の分類群構成 B. 日本のレッドデータブック に掲載されている 18,227 種の生物の分類群構成 C. 世界中の外来種を研究した論文 2,670 本における研究対 象生物の分類群構成 C は Pyšek et al の図 1 から改変 205

8 分類群の偏り 2002 Clark and May 2002 保全生態学の目標と業績評価 研究テーマ選択との齟齬

9 Caro T, Eadie J, Sih A (2005) Use of substitute species in conservation biology. Conservation Biology 19: Clark JA, May RM (2002) Taxonomic bias in conservation research. Science 297: Fazey I, Fischer J, Lindenmayer DB (2005) What do conservation biologists publish? Biological Conservation 124: Joseph LN, Maloney RF, Possingham HP (2008) Optimal allocation of resources among threatened species: A project prioritization protocol. Conservation Biology 23: (2009). 14:1-2. Klironomos JN (2002) Another form of bias in conservation research. Science 298:749. Martin LJ, Blossey B, Ellis E (2012) Mapping where ecologists work: Biases in the global distribution of terrestrial ecological observations. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 10: (2003). 8:1-2. (2004). 9: (2003).,. Myers N, Mittermeler RA, Mittermeler CG, da Fonseca GAB, Kent J (2000) Biodiversity hotspots for conservation priorities. Nature 403: Primack RB (2001) Publish again in another language. Conservation Biology 15: RB (2008).,. Pyšek P, Richardson DM, Pergl J, Jarošík V, Sixtová Z, Weber E (2008) Geographical and taxonomic biases in invasion ecology. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 23: R Development Core Team (2008) R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna. Reddy S, Dávalos LM (2003) Geographical sampling bias and its implications for conservation priorities in Africa. Journal of Biogeography 30: Seddon PJ, Soorae PS, Launay F (2005) Taxonomic bias in reintroduction projects. Animal Conservation 8: Trimble MJ, van Aarde RJ (2010) Species inequality in scientific study. Conservation Biology 24: (2007). 4: (1996).,. (2006). 11:

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