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3 m 5m m 5m.6m/s 4 (m) (m)
4 (m) / 7 () 995/5 7 5 () 995/8 7 8 () 995/ 7 () () (mg/l) () () (g/m 3 )
5 4 998 () () () 997 () (m) COD(mg/l) (mg/l) (mg/l)
6 N : a (5.m) (7.m) :3.4m :4.m () () :6.m b (m).7m
7
8 4 (m) (m)
9 (m) 3 4 : : : 3: 4: 8/8 5:446:35() 8/8 :44:5 () 8/8 :3() 8/9 :58() ( m ) m / a(mg/l)
10 (m) 4 (m) 4 6 (min) 6
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12 行政(網走開発建設部)学識者6. 網走湖の水理 水質特性 () 解析技術 ) モデル検討の背景と目的網走湖では 水質障害となっている青潮 アオコを抑制するための対策手法を検討するため 流動予測 水質予測に関する各種シミュレーション解析を 行政 ( 網走開発建設部 ) 学識者の協同のもとに行っている 昭和 6 年に青潮が初めて確認されたことを受けて 青潮の発生機構を検討する調査検討が実施され 平成元年に青潮の発生条件を検討するための青潮モデルを構築した また 湖内は富栄養化状態にありアオコが毎年のように発生している現状を受けて 湖内の水質汚濁機構を把握する調査検討が実施され 水質保全対策による湖内水質の改善効果を検討するための水質予測モデルを平成 5 年に構築した ( 水理 水質を分けて計算 ) その後 網走湖における富栄養化状態は 流域からの栄養塩類の負荷 塩水層および淡水層の流動 栄養塩類の拡散 3 底泥溶出による栄養塩の供給 4 栄養塩類を使って増殖するプランクトンの消長などにより形成されていることから 水理 水質 生物に関わる要因が複雑に関係している状況をつのモデルで再現し アオコ発生を抑制するための水質保全対策の効果を検討することを目的とした網走湖生態系モデルを平成 3 年度に構築した 流動予測 水質予測 塩淡境界層の長期予測 塩淡境界層制御対策検討 青潮の発生条件検討 水質改善対策検討 塩淡境界層予測長期モデル 塩水遡上モデル 平面 次元レイヤーモデル 宗宮モデル改 平面 次元レベルモデル 水質予測ホ ックスモテ ル 青潮モデル 網走湖生態系モデル 長期界面変動予測 一般座標系による密度流シミュレーション アオコ発生シミュレーション 青潮発生シミュレーション 図 6..4 水質シミュレーションモデル選定の経緯とその考え方 ( 概要 ) 6-4
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14 ( ) ( ) [ ] [ ] τ τ ζ x, x, H a a a y M x M A x H x H x gh wu wu u N y u M x t M = = ( ) ( ) [ ] [ ] τ τ ζ y, y, H a a a y N x N A y H y H y gh wv wv v N y v M x t N = = = = w y N x N t w w y N x M τ ( ) ( ) ( ) [ ] [ ] z z H z K z K y H y x H x K w w N y M x M t = ( ) ( ) ( ) [ ] [ ] z z H z C K z C K y C H y x C H x K wc wc C N y C M x C M t =
15 τ s τ τ b = γ a = γ = γ a b ( W U ) ( U U ) U KMAX U W U U KMAX U t g x, y,z u,v,w x, y,z M ζ H,N x, y,z ( z ) x, y C A K K γ γ H s a b H z - W,U
16 w z y x H C Q z T K z y T K y x T K x z T w y T v x T u t T = x K y K z K Q w C ( ) ( ) ), ( S d S T c T c c S T b T b T b T b b T S W = = b = c = b 4.7 = c = b = c = b = b = d T a T a T a T a T a a W = = a = a = a = a = a = a
17 µ m µ m Q J / m / hr Q S = S Q η z S = Qe Q Q Q η z Q = ( )Q β in Q = ( α) Q α β Q in
18 Q LR J / m / hr 4 QLR = εσt K ε T K σ 7 4 =.4 J / m / hr / K J / m / hr 5 6 Q LA =.937 σt ( R) T R J / m / hr Q LAC = (.7n ) Q LA n J / m / s QW = acw CHU ( Ta Ts ) U T a s C H C H (. ~.) 3 m / s < U 5m / s C H (. ~.3) 3 5 m / s < U < 3m / s J / m / s Q = ι C U ( q ϕq) E a p s C ϕ q p.6( e / p) q.378( e / p) 7.5t /(37.3 t ) e = ι.45 J / g Q Q = Q Q Q Q Q S ( LR LAC W E )
19 H, M,u, N,v x dir y dir w, τ
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21 P = P P P3 dp / dt = G T G Z / P d P Q P Q P ( p z ) ( )/ V ( G p T Gz Z / P d ) P ( Q P Q P) / V ( G 3 T G Z / P3 d 3) P3 ( Q P3 Q P3) V dp / dt = dp3 / dt = p 3 z / dz dc ( α G T ) Z ( Q Z Q Z ) V dt = α / s z 3 / in dc on / dt = / dt = { ( G pi ηni i T ) β pi Pi} i=,3 { ζ n β pi ( as ) Gz Z} i=,3 β θ z in n ω exp 3 T Z Dc. n [ RV in UGin RN in { γ T γ DO} A] / V ( Q C Q C )/ V in indo { ( G pi ηni i T ) β pi Pi} i=,3 { ζ n β pi ( as ) Gz Z} i=,3 in β z θ n 3 T Z Dc. n [ RV on UGon RN on ω on exp{ γ ont γ ondodo} A] / V d ( Con β z Z ) ( Q C Q C )/ V on on in
22 ( ) { } ( ) { } [ { } ] ( ) V C Q C Q C d V A DO T RN UG RV D Z T Z G a Pi T i G dt dc ip ip ip ip ipdo ip ip ip ip ip p c p z i z s pi p i pi pi pi ip / / exp /. 3,3,3 = = = γ γ ω θ γ γ ζ γ η ( ) { } ( ) { } [ { } ] ( ) ( ) V C Q C Q Z C d V A DO T RN UG RV D Z T Z G a Pi T i G dt dc op op z op opdo op op op op op p c P z i z s pi p i pi Pi Pi op / / exp /. 3,3,3 = = = γ γ γ ω θ γ γ ζ γ η { } ( ) { } [ { } ] ( ) V C Q C Q V A DO T UG RV D Z G a Pi T i dt dc sc sc scdo sc sc sc sc c c i z s Pi c i Pi ci sc / / exp /.,3,3 = = = γ γ ω δ ζ δ η ( ) { } [ ] ( ) ( ) { } ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) V C Q C Q Z C d V UG RV D Z T K Z G a Pi T i G dt dc pc pc z pc pc pc c c i c z i z s pi i c i pi ii ci pi pc / / / 3,3,3 = = = δ θ θ δ δ ζ ζ δ η η
23 ddo / dt = { γ pdo Gpi Pi} i=,3 { T γ pdo Pi} i=,3 T γ 3 C C SC PC BD A B B max zdo OSC OPC exp Z exp exp ( Howa DO) { β SC ( T TBOSC )} { β ( T T )} { β ( T T )} BD PC BDO BOPC M M COD BDCOD γ pdo γ zdo BOSC BOPC BDmax β SC β PC β BD TBOSC T BOPC T BD M COD M BDCOD
24 G p G p G p3 n T T G p = µ exp T f T f L / L C / C C C { } { ( )} { ( )} ( ) L in in in ip / ip n T T G p = µ exp T f T f L / L C / C C C { } { ( )} { ( )} ( ) L in in in ip / ip ip ip n3 T T G p3 = µ 3 exp T f 3 T f 3 L / L C / C C C { } { ( )} { ( )} ( ) L3 in in3 in ip / ip3 G z Gz = cg pp P /( pp P) D c. n D c. p c c D. ip D D D c. n c. p c. c = = = f f f n c p exp exp exp { ( T ) } ( C β P β Z ) n { ( T ) } ( C γ P γ Z ) { ( T ) } ( C δ P δ Z ) c p on op pc p p p z z z
25 / α as
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29 5 (m 3 /s) (m) 4/8 /8 5/ 3/
30 dh f A f = Q fin Q fout Q finb dt A S dh dt S = Q sin Q sout Q 3 Q = a(g b) tanh (c c d) H Qfin :Q=QfinbQsin :Q=QfoutQsout hf Qfout B D h h A Q Qfin hf Qfout :Q=QfinbQsin :Q=QfoutQsout Qsout Qsout=Q (:) Q hs Qsout hs
31 Q sout Q out Q sout Q = r Q, Q = ( -r) Q, r = γ exp( CE h ) sout out fout out f
32 = v v A gh = c v v a,v a v a = g h = g h h v a Q = v A v A a f a s A
33 5 5 (a) (m 3 /s) 5 5 (b) (m 3 /s) (m) (m 3 /s).5 () 994 () ( (m 3 /s) (m) (m 3 /s).5 (m 3 /s) () 995 () ( (m)
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35 m :45: 4.5m/s 7 9 ::4 7: :356:38 (m) :74: :383:3 m 5 mg/l 4 6 m/s ( ) (m) 5 5 m
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37 N N N N 5.(cm/s) 5.(cm/s) 5.(cm/s) 5.(cm/s) (m) (m) (m) (m) (a).m (b) 4.m (c) 6.m (d) 8.m m (m) 5 5 (cm/s) (m) 4 5m 4: 3:5 :45 m (b) (a) (c) m (m) 5 5 () () 9:3 9:5 :3 :5 :39 :5 5 4: 5m (a) 5 (m) 4:47 5: :3 :5 :9 m (m) 5 b c (m)
38 N N N N 5.(cm/s) 5.(cm/s) 5.(cm/s) 5.(cm/s) (m) (m) (m) (m) (a).m (b) 4.m (c) 6.m (d) 8.m m (m) 5 5 (cm/s) 4 (m) 5m : : :5 :3 m (b) 5 (a) (c) m (m) 5 5 () () 9:44 :5 : 5 9:3 5m m (m) (a) 5 (m) 9:44 : :4 :8 :3 b c (m)
39 N N N N 5.(cm/s) 5.(cm/s) 5.(cm/s) 5.(cm/s) (m) (m) (m) (m) (a).m (b) 4.m (c) 6.m (d) 8.m (b) (a) (c) 5m m 5m m (m) 6:3 7: 7:3 5 (m) :4 :6 : 9:55 9:3 9:7 m (m) m (m) (m) 7:33 7:33 7:33 7:33 7:5 8: (cm/s) 5 b 5 (a) c (m)
40 N N N N.(cm/s).(cm/s).(cm/s).(cm/s) (m) (m) (m) (m) (a).m (b) 4.m (c) 5.5m (d) 8.m ( ) ( ) (cm/s) (m) 8 9 (m)
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43 .8m/s (m) (m) m ( ) m 8 ( ) (cm/s)
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45 () () () () (a) (b) () () (c) (d)
46 ( (997//89 9:) 8 9:) (/8 89:) 9:) ((/9 95:) 5:) ( ) 35 (cm) (cm) (cm) (a) (b)
47 L h h T i = n ghh n TL h h
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51 (m) (m) (m) (m) (T.P.) (m) (h) (h) /4/8 4 8 : 996/4/9 4 : 996/4/ 4 : 996/4/8 4 8 : 996/4/9 4 : 996/4/ 4 : : : : 3: 4: 5: 6: 7: 8: 9: 3: 4: 5: 6: 7: 8: 9: (m/s) 996/4/ 4 996/4/ 4 (cm/s) : : : (m) (m) : : : 3: 4: 5: 6: 7: 8: 9: : 3: 4: 5: 6: 7: 8: 9: : : 996/4/ 4 996/4/ 4 (T.P.) (m) (.m) (5.m) (h) (h) /8/7 8 : 996/8/8 8 : 997/8/9 8 : 996/8/7 8 : 996/8/8 8 : 997/8/9 8 : : : 3: : : : 3: 4: 5: 6: : 3: : : : 3: 4: 5: 6: 7: 996/8/ /8/ /8/ /8/8 8 (m/s) (m/s) : : 3: : : : 3: 4: 5: 6: : 3: : : : 3: 4: 5: 6: 7: 996/8/ /8/ /8/ /8/8 8 (.m) (5.m) (T.P.) (m) (m) (m) (T.P.) (m)
52 (m ) (m ) (m) 3 4 : : : 3: 4:
53 (: ) (.5m) (.5m) () () 4 4 H(= ) (cm) ()
54 (m ) 5 5 (mg/l).5 (m) 5.5 (m) (m) (m) (m )
55 cm //5 m m cm/s m 5 5 m m 997//5 H9//5 5:46:3 cm/s m 997//5 H9//5 6:337: cm/s 5 5 m cm/s 5 5 m
56 (m ) 5 5 (mg/l) (m) 5.5 (m) 4 8 (m)
57 (m 3 /s) /9 8/7 (m) 4 8 (m)
58 (m 3 /s) / AB ()() A B
59 Power spectrum m 4m 5m 6m 7m 8m 9m T= T= 8 T ( ) (cm/s) () 5cm 3cm / : 4/3 : 4/5 : 4/7 : (h)
60 z (v) a h u h u L x u t u t ξ = g x h τ o ξ = g x η x ξ h t η h t u x u x = η = t
61 τ = C D av ξ ξ τ gh = t x t x gh = gh t x ξ x gh ξ = x τ x gh = gh x ξ x ξ =, = x x τ L ξ = x, gh η = ξ
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63 ( ) ( ) [ ] [ ] x, x, M fn y M x M A x H x H x gh wu wu U N y U M y t M = = τ τ ζ α α α ( ) ( ) [ ] [ ] y, y, N fm y N x N A y H y H y gh wv wv V N y V M x t N = = τ τ ζ α α α w w y N x M = w y N x M t = ζ ( ) ( ) ( ) [ ] [ ] Z Z H z K z K y H y x H x K w w N y M x H t =
64 (m)
65 (m/s) W 6 8 (hour) 4: t t3 t4 t5 t t6 t7 N E S
66 m/s (m) (m/s)
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Microsoft Word - 11問題表紙（選択）.docx
A B A.70g/cm 3 B.74g/cm 3 B C 70at% %A C B at% 80at% %B 350 C γ δ y=00 x-y ρ l S ρ C p k C p ρ C p T ρ l t l S S ξ S t = ( k T ) ξ ( ) S = ( k T) ( ) t y ξ S ξ / t S v T T / t = v T / y 00 x v S dy dx
http://www.ns.kogakuin.ac.jp/~ft13389/lecture/physics1a2b/ pdf I 1 1 1.1 ( ) 1. 30 m µm 2. 20 cm km 3. 10 m 2 cm 2 4. 5 cm 3 km 3 5. 1 6. 1 7. 1 1.2 ( ) 1. 1 m + 10 cm 2. 1 hr + 6400 sec 3. 3.0 10 5 kg
64 3 g=9.85 m/s 2 g=9.791 m/s 2 36, km ( ) 1 () 2 () m/s : : a) b) kg/m kg/m k
63 3 Section 3.1 g 3.1 3.1: : 64 3 g=9.85 m/s 2 g=9.791 m/s 2 36, km ( ) 1 () 2 () 3 9.8 m/s 2 3.2 3.2: : a) b) 5 15 4 1 1. 1 3 14. 1 3 kg/m 3 2 3.3 1 3 5.8 1 3 kg/m 3 3 2.65 1 3 kg/m 3 4 6 m 3.1. 65 5
医系の統計入門第 2 版 サンプルページ この本の定価 判型などは, 以下の URL からご覧いただけます. このサンプルページの内容は, 第 2 版 1 刷発行時のものです.
医系の統計入門第 2 版 サンプルページ この本の定価 判型などは, 以下の URL からご覧いただけます. http://www.morikita.co.jp/books/mid/009192 このサンプルページの内容は, 第 2 版 1 刷発行時のものです. i 2 t 1. 2. 3 2 3. 6 4. 7 5. n 2 ν 6. 2 7. 2003 ii 2 2013 10 iii 1987
(1.2) T D = 0 T = D = 30 kn 1.2 (1.4) 2F W = 0 F = W/2 = 300 kn/2 = 150 kn 1.3 (1.9) R = W 1 + W 2 = = 1100 N. (1.9) W 2 b W 1 a = 0
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3.1 湖沼に対する負荷の内訳 第 3 章湖沼水質に影響を及ぼす負荷の把握 湖沼水質に影響を与える負荷には 外部負荷 内部負荷及び直接負荷がある 最近の調査研究では面源負荷 ( 外部負荷の一部 ) の寄与がこれまでの見積もりより大きいことが指摘されている また これにより 湖沼の水質改善を推進するためには 流入負荷対策と合わせて これまで湖沼内に蓄積してきた底泥からの溶出負荷 ( 内部負荷の一部 )
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D = [a, b] [c, d] D ij P ij (ξ ij, η ij ) f S(f,, {P ij }) S(f,, {P ij }) = = k m i=1 j=1 m n f(ξ ij, η ij )(x i x i 1 )(y j y j 1 ) = i=1 j
![D = [a, b] [c, d] D ij P ij (ξ ij, η ij ) f S(f,, {P ij }) S(f,, {P ij }) = = k m i=1 j=1 m n f(ξ ij, η ij )(x i x i 1 )(y j y j 1 ) = i=1 j](/thumbs/103/158001152.jpg "D = [a, b] [c, d] D ij P ij (ξ ij, η ij ) f S(f,, {P ij }) S(f,, {P ij }) = = k m i=1 j=1 m n f(ξ ij, η ij )(x i x i 1 )(y j y j 1 ) = i=1 j")
6 6.. [, b] [, d] ij P ij ξ ij, η ij f Sf,, {P ij } Sf,, {P ij } k m i j m fξ ij, η ij i i j j i j i m i j k i i j j m i i j j k i i j j kb d {P ij } lim Sf,, {P ij} kb d f, k [, b] [, d] f, d kb d 6..
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微分積分 サンプルページ この本の定価 判型などは, 以下の URL からご覧いただけます. このサンプルページの内容は, 初版 1 刷発行時のものです.
微分積分 サンプルページ この本の定価 判型などは, 以下の URL からご覧いただけます. ttp://www.morikita.co.jp/books/mid/00571 このサンプルページの内容は, 初版 1 刷発行時のものです. i ii 014 10 iii [note] 1 3 iv 4 5 3 6 4 x 0 sin x x 1 5 6 z = f(x, y) 1 y = f(x)
63 3.2,.,.,. (2.6.38a), (2.6.38b), V + V V + Φ + fk V = 0 (3.2.1)., Φ = gh, f.,. (2.6.40), Φ + V Φ + Φ V = 0 (3.2.2). T = L/C (3.2.3), C. C V, T = L/V
62 3 3.1,,.,. J. Charney, 1948., Burger(1958) Phillips(1963),.,. L : ( 1/4) T : ( 1/4) V :,. v x u x V L, etc, u V T,,.,., ( )., 2.1.1. 63 3.2,.,.,. (2.6.38a), (2.6.38b), V + V V + Φ + fk V = 0 (3.2.1).,
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