A. tortilis P. cineraria Z. spina- christi L. pyrotechnica salvadora persica Acacia tor -tilis Prosopis cineraria, Causuarina equisetifolia, Acacia au

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1 J. Jpn. Soc. Reveget. Tech. 24 ( 3 44), Effect of High ph Condition on the Growth of Trees for Revegetation of Desert in the United Arab Emirates KIRIIWA, Yoshikazu, YOKOTA, Hiromi, ABE, Masahiro, SYOJI, Tomoo, YOSHIZAKI, Shinji and OISHI, Atsushi Key words: The United Arab Emirates, Tree species for revegetation of desert, High ph, Micronutrient Faculty of Agriculture, Shizuoka University * Appropriate Agriculture International Co., Ltd. ** Environmental Assesgment Center Co., Ltd.

2 A. tortilis P. cineraria Z. spina- christi L. pyrotechnica salvadora persica Acacia tor -tilis Prosopis cineraria, Causuarina equisetifolia, Acacia auriculzformis Ì (A. tortilis, P. cineraria, Z. spina-christi Æ L. pyrotechnica) P. cineraria, A. tortilis, Z spina- christi

3 Fig. 1 Effect of ph of the irrigation water on micronutrient content in leaves of trees for revegetation of desert. * ; significant at 5% level

4 Table 1 Effect of ph treatment on the total dry weight of trees for revegetation of desert Fig.2 Effect of culture solution ph on the growth of trees for revegetation of desert. Relative values ; Total dry weight at ph 6.0 = 100 P. cineraria, A. tortilis, L. pyrotechnica raria, L. pyrotechnica

5 Fig.3 Effect of culture solution ph on micronutrient content in leaves of trees for revegetation of desert

6 Table 2 Effects of high ph and decreasing of mineral concentration in solution on the total dry weight of trees for revegetation of desert Fig.4 Effects of high ph and decreasing mineral concentrations in solution on the growth of trees for revegetation of desert. Relative values; Total dry weight at treatment 1=100. Treatment 1; basal nutrient solution at ph 6.0, Treatment 1; basal nutrient solution at ph Treatment 2; basal nutrient solution at ph 8.0, 6.0 Treatment 3; nutrient solution including soluble Treatment 2; basal nutrient solution at ph minerals in solution of treatment 2 at ph 6.0. In a 8.0 column, means followed by the same letter do not Treatment 3; nutrient solution including soluble differ significantly at 5% levels. } values indicate minerals in solution of standard deviation. treatment 2 at ph 6.0

L. pyrotechnica A. tortilis Æ L. pyrotechnica Fig.5 Effects of high ph and decreasing mineral concentrations in solution on micronutrient content in leaves of trees for revegetation of desert.

7 L. pyrotechnica A. tortilis Æ L. pyrotechnica Fig.5 Effects of high ph and decreasing mineral concentrations in solution on micronutrient content in leaves of trees for revegetation of desert. Treatment 1; basal nutrient solution at ph 6.0, Treatment 2; basal nutrient solution at ph 8.0, Treatment 3; nutrient solution including soluble minerals in solution of treatment 2 at ph 6.0.

8 Table 3 Effect of low-iron levels on the total dry weight of trees for revegetation of desert Fig.6 Effect of low-iron concentration on the growth of trees for revegetation of desert. Relative values; Total dry weight at Fe 3.0 mgl-1=100 In a column, means followed by the same letter do not differ significantly at 5% levels. } values indicate standard deviation.

9 Fig.7 Effect of low-iron concentration treatments on iron content in leaves of trees for revegetation of desert Lupinus angustifolius L.

10 1) ANDO, T., FUJITA, K., MAE, T., MATSUMOTO, H., MORI, S., and SEKIYA, J.: Plant Nutrition for Sustainable Food Production and Environment, pp , Kluwer academic publishers, Tokyo, ) CINELLI, F. Physiological responses of clonal quince rootstocks to iron-deficiency induced by addition of bicarbonate to nutrient solution. J. Plant Nutrition., 18 (1), 77-89, ) GRAHAM, M. J., STEPHENS, P.A., WIDHOLM, J. M. and NICKELL, C. D. Soybean genotype evaluation for iron deficiency chlorosis using sodium bicarbonate and tissue culture. J. Plant Nutrition., 15 (8), , 1992 pp , ) ROMHELD, V. and MARSCHNER, H. Plant-induced ph changes in the rhizosphere of Feefficient and Fe-inefficient soybean and corn cultivars. J. Plant Nutrition. 7 (1-5), , ) Shay, G.: Saline Agriculture, pp , National Academy Press, Washington, DC, ) Tang, C., Longnecker, N. E., Thomson, C. J., Greenway, H. and Robson, A. D. Lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L.) and Pea (Pisum sativum L.) roots differ in their sensitivity to high ph above 6.0. J. Plant Physiol., 140, , ) The Japan International Cooperation Agency The annual report of the joint study project on improvement of arid land agriculture in UNITED ARAB EMIRATES (September 1986 ugust 1987), pp , ) US Salinity Laboratory Staff : Diagnosis and improvement of saline and alkali soils, agriculture Handbook No. 60, p , United States 69 (4), , ) MARSCHNER, H.: Mineral Nutrition of Higher Department of Agriculture, ) Viti, R. and Cinelli, F. Lime-induced chlorosis in Plants second edition, 518 pp, Academic Press, quince rootstocks ; methodological and physiological aspects. J. Plant Nutrition., 16(4), 631- London, , (5), , ) MENGEL, K., BREININGER, M. Th. and BUBL, W. Bicarbonate, the most important factor inducing iron chlorosis in vine grapes on calcareous soil. Plant and Soil, 81, , 1984 Summary The effect of high ph conditions on the growth and content of micronutrient in leaves of four tree species, Prosopis cineraria, Acacia tortilis, Zizyphus spina- christi and Leptadenia pyrotechnica, used for revegetation of desert in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) was studied. The results are summarized as follows : 1) Effects of ph of the irrigation water on micronutrient content in leaves of trees were investigated in afforestation areas of UAE. The micronutrient content were depressed slightly with increasing ph of the irrigation water. 2) Effects of different ph (6.0, 7.0, 8.0, 9.0) treatments on the initial growth of trees for revegetation were investigated in sand culture. At higher ph the growth of P. cineraria and L. pyrotechnica were promoted, whereas A. tortilis and Z. spina- christi were depressed. 3) A hydroponics was carried out to clarify whether the different initial growth responses of A. tortilis and L. pyrotechnica to higher ph was caused by high ph itself or decreasing mineral concentrations in culture solution due to the precipitation of minerals at high ph conditions. Consequently, the growth promoting factor of both species was guessed to be reduction of mineral concentrations in culture solution by high ph.

11 4) Effects of different iron levels (3.0, 1.5, 0.5 mg L-1 as Fe) on the initial growth of A. tortilis and L. pyrotechnica were investigated in sand culture. The growth of both species were promoted slightly at 1.5 mg L-1 Fe. 5) The common tendencies were not shown in the relationship between content of micronutrient in leaves and high ph of culture solution. However, iron content in leaves were slightly affected by ph of irrigation water or culture solution. Based on above results, it was suggested that micronutrient content in leaves were affected by absorption ability and nutritional characteristics rather than high ph conditions.

Effects of Light and Soil Moisture Condition on the Growth of Seedlings for Quercus serrata and Quercus variabilis NISHIMURA, Naoyuki*, OTA, Takeshi**

Effects of Light and Soil Moisture Condition on the Growth of Seedlings for Quercus serrata and Quercus variabilis NISHIMURA, Naoyuki*, OTA, Takeshi**, SAKAMOTO, Keiji*** and CHIBA, Kyozo*** Key words: