Newgarten, BL., Havighrst, RJ., & Tobin, S.Life Satisfaction Index-A LSIDiener. E.,Emmons,R.A.,Larsen,R.J.,&Griffin,S. The Satisfaction With Life Scal

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1 青年期における人生に対する 積極的態度に関する研究 KJ 法による検討と尺度の構成を中心として 海老根 理 絵 臨床心理学コース The research of the positive attitude toward life in adolescence Rie EBINE The purpose of this study is to assess qualitatively the structure of the positive attitude toward life in adolescence and to develop, based on the results, a scale that measures the positive attitude toward life. In Study 1, I conducted the open-ended format survey of 54 university students on the attitude toward life and classify the obtained data with the KJ method. As a result, it was made clear by the findings of previous works that the psychological structure model obtained in Study 1 was valid as a structure model on the positive psychology characteristic in adolescence. In Study 2, based on the results of Study 1, I made a 46-item scale on the positive attitude toward life, and applied it to 252 adolescents. The factor analysis with the promax rotation indicated 5 subscales, 25 items. The alpha coefficient ranged from.76 to.91, and the retest reliability after a two-week interval ranged from.82 to.94. Its construct validity was confirmed in the relationship with the fulfillment scale (Ohno, 1984) and SWLS (Kakuno, 1994). 目 第1章 第2章 A節 B節 C節 第3章 A節 B節 C節 第4章 問題と目的 研究1 目的 方法 結果と考察 研究2 目的 方法 結果と考察 総合考察 第1章 問題と目的 次 今日 価値観が多様化し 青年にとって人生におけ る様々な進路選択が可能となったと言える しかしそ の一方で 1 0年代後半以降 社会的に取り上げられ てきた ニート など 就業意欲のない若者の数は いまだ減少している気配はない 更に 就労意欲があ るにも関わらずその機会を与えられない者 また 就 労できたとしても ギリギリの生活を維持することさ え困難な いわゆる ワーキングプア 層も増加し 将来への希望を持てず 無気力に陥っていく若者は今 後益々増えていくと予想される つまり現代は 青年にとって 自分の人生に対し積 極的な態度を持つということが決して容易ではない時 代と言えよう 青年期における無気力に関する研究は これまで Erikson 1 5 1 8 2 の ア イ デ ン テ ィ テ ィ 概 念 や Lewin 1 5 1 1 5 4 の時間的展望との関連から数多 く行われ 青年期の心理について多くの知見をもたら してきた しかしその一方で 青年期の心理に関する 多くの研究は 否定的な心理面に焦点を当て 肯定的 な心理面についてはほとんど当ててこなかったという 事実もある ここ2 0年あまり 心理学の分野において ポジティ ブ心理学 という 人間における肯定的な側面に関す る研究と実践の運動も起こりつつある 島井 2 0 0 0 本来 心理学が目指してきたものは 障害や弱さだ けを研究することではなく 人間の優れた機能につい 1 て研究することにもあったはずである Seligman, 1998 という意見もあり 困難な状況にありながらも

2 Newgarten, BL., Havighrst, RJ., & Tobin, S.Life Satisfaction Index-A LSIDiener. E.,Emmons,R.A.,Larsen,R.J.,&Griffin,S. The Satisfaction With Life Scale SWLS SWLS Erikson Erikson KJ M SD M SD KJ

3 Figure Lewin Lewin

4

5 well-being

6 Diener. et alswls SWLS SWLS SWLS Figure

7 M SD M SD M SD M SD M SD M SD Diener et al.swls SWLS SPSS 11.0 J for Windows Table Table Amos CFI RMSEA CFI RMSEA α Table Pearson Table

8 No. F F F F F R F F F F F F F F F F R Mean SD α r N p p

9 Table SWLS SWLS SWLS SWLS SWLS Table Diener. E., Emmons, R. A., Larsen, R. J., & Griffin, S The Satisfaction with Life Scale. Jounal of Personality Assessment, 49, pp pp. pp. pp. The Satisfaction with Life Scale [SWLS] pp. pp. pp. Rasmussen pp. pp.

10 Newgarten, BL., Havighrst, RJ., & Tobin, S The measurement of life satisfaction. Jounal of Gerontology. 16, pp pp. pp. VS pp. pp. pp. MEIS pp. pp. pp. pp. pp. Erikson, E. H. Erikson, E. H Identity and the life cycle. New York : International Universities Press AMOS EQS CALIS pp. Lewin, K. Lewin, K Field theory in social science : Selected theoretical papers. New York : Harper & Brothers pp. pp. Seligman, M. E. p Building human strength : Psychology forgotten mission. APA Monitor, 29, 1. A Publication of the American Psychological Association

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