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5 1) Blazer DG: Depression in late life: review and commentary. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2003; 58: ) Alexopoulos GS: Depression in the elderly. Lancet 2005; 365: ) Cole MG, Dendukuri N: Risk factors for depression among elderly community subjects: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Psychiatry 2003; 160: ) Penninx BW, Guralnik JM, Ferrucci L, Simonsick EM, Deeg DJ, Wallace RB: Depressive symptoms and physical decline in community-dwelling older persons. JAMA 1998; 279:

6 5) Adamson JA, Price GM, Breeze E, Bulpitt CJ, Fletcher AE: Are older people dying of depression? Findings from the Medical Research Council trial of the assessment and management of older people in the community. J Am Geriatr Soc 2005; 53: ) Mahoney F, Barthel DW: Functional evaluation: The Barthel Index. Md State Med J 1965; 14: ) Yesavage JA: Geriatric Depression Scale. Psychopharmacol Bull 1988; 24: ) Lawton MP, Brody E: Assessment of older people: selfmaintaining and instrumental activities of daily living. Gerontologist 1969; ) Charlson ME, Pompei P, Ales KL, et al.: A new method of classifying prognostic comorbidity in longitudinal studies: development and validation. J Chronic Dis 1987; 40: ) Wada T, Ishine M, Sakagami T, Okumiya K, Fujisawa M, Murakami S, et al.: Depression in Japanese communitydwelling elderly-prevalence and association with ADL and QOL. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2004; 39: ) Schoevers RA, Beekman ATF, Deeg DJH, Geerlings MI, Jonker C, van Tilburg W: Risk factors for depression in later life: results of a prospective community based study (AMSTEL). J Affect Disord 2000; 59: ) Prince MJ, Harwood RH, Thomas A, Mann AH: A prospective population-based cohort study of the effects of disablement and social milieu on the onset and maintenance of late-life depression: the Gospel Oak Project VII. Psychol Med 1998; 28: ) Kennedy GJ, Kelman HR, Thomas C: The emergence of depressive symptoms in late life: the importance of declining health and increasing disability. J Community Health 1990; 15: ) Blazer DG, Hybels CF, Simonsick EM, Hanlon JT: Marked differences in antidepressant use by race in an elderly community sample: Am J Psychiatry 2000; 157: ) Barbui C, Broglio E, Laia AC, D'Agostino S, Enrico F, Ferraro L, et al.: Cross-sectional database analysis of antidepressant prescribing in Italy. J Clin Psychopharmacol 2003; 23: ) Rojas-Fernandez C, Thomas VS, Carver D, Tonks R: Suboptimal use of antidepressants in the elderly: a population-based study in Nova Scotia. Clin Ther 1999; 21: High prevalence rate of depression among community-dwelling Japanese frail elderly Masafumi Kuzuya, Yuichiro Masuda, Yoshihisa Hirakawa, Mitsunaga Iwata, Hiromi Enoki, Jun Hasegawa and Akihisa Iguchi Abstract Aim: We examined the prevalence of depression and identified the factors associated with depression among communitydwelling Japanese frail elderly eligible for long-term care insurance. Methods: A cross-sectional study of the baseline data of 1,409 elderly from the Nagoya Longitudinal Study for Frail Elderly was conducted. The data, which were collected at the patients' homes or from care-managing center records, included the clients' demographic characteristics, care levels, depression as assessed by the short version of the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15), a rating for basic activities of daily living (ADL), prescribing medications, and physician-diagnosed chronic spectively. Results: Although 57.2% or 23.1% of the participants had a GDS-15 score of 6 or higher, or 10 or higher, only 4.2% of sever depressive participants were taking an antidepressant. The higher prevalence of depression was associated with a higher care level in the long-term care insurance program. The depression was associated with 3 or more eligible care level, poor nutritional status, 3 or more prescribed medications, and nonuse of day-care/service. Conclusion: We observed a high prevalence of depression among community-dwelling Japanese frail elderly eligible for long-term care insurance. However, very few depressed elderly were taking an antidepressant. Key words: Depression, Antidepressant, Long-term care insurance, Elderly, Community (Jpn J Geriat 2006; 43: ) Department of Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine

342 1 42% 20% 90 2000 10 1 1 1 QOL 1) 4 2063 99 86.9 ADL A1 B2 IIIa M 1 5 QOL 2) QOL 3 QOL 59.4 3 73.1 23.1% QOL 3 QOL QOL 11 5 4 M 1 IV 1 1 IIIb 8 2

342 1 42% 20% 90 2000 10 1 1 1 QOL 1) 4 2063 99 86.9 ADL A1 B2 IIIa M 1 5 QOL 2) QOL 3 QOL 59.4 3 73.1 23.1% QOL 3 QOL QOL 11 5 4 M 1 IV 1 1 IIIb 8 2 2012 341 352 Psychotherapy in Medical Welfare 1 Tomohisa SASANO 2 1 701-0193 288 E-Mail: sasano@mw.kawasaki-m.ac.jp 341 342 1 42% 20% 90 2000 10 1 1 1 QOL 1) 4 2063 99 86.9 ADL A1 B2 IIIa M 1 5 QOL 2)

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