Permeability of Formocresol into Root Dentin and its Effects on the Periodontium in Dogs Kouji Araki Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry,

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1 Permeability of Formocresol into Root Dentin and its Effects on the Periodontium in Dogs Kouji Araki Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Tokyo Medical and Dental University ( Director: Prof. Imao Sunada) The purpose of this study was to investigate the permeability of formocresol into the root dentin and its effects on the periodontium in beagle dogs. The fourth upper and lower premolar pulp of 9 dogs were removed and formocresol containing 3H-formaldehyde or 3H-cresol was dressed in the root canal. After a given period, the amount of tritium radioactivity permeating into the blood was measured by a liquid scintillation counter. The periapical periodontium and lateral periodontium were evaluated histologically and autoradiographically. The results obtained were as follows: 1) Both 3H-formaldehyde and 3H-cresol were present in the blood within half an hour postoperatively. There was more 3H- cresol than 3H-formaldehyde in the blood within 4 hours but after 24 hours more 3H-formaldehyde than 3H-cresol. 2) In the periapical periodontium, the inflammatory cell infiltration was observed in 12 (50%) of 24 roots and hyperemia and dilatation of the vessels were observed in 16 (66.7%) of 24 roots after 3 days. In the lateral periodontium, several specimens showed inflammatory cell infiltration and more than half of the whole specimens showed hyperemia and dilatation of the vessels after 3 and 7 days. 3) Grains of 3H-formaldehyde and 3H-cresol were found distributed from the pulpal side of the dentin to the cemento-dentinal junction after 3 and 7 days. There were more grains of 3H-formaldehyde than those of 3H-cresol throughout the root dentin.

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12 1976, Mosby, ) Buckley, J. P.: The chemistry of pulp decomposition, with a rational treatment for this con- dition and its sequelae. Amer. Dent. J. 3: , ) Weine, F. S.: Endodontic Therapy. St. Louis,

13 3) Wesley, D. J., Marshall, F. J. and Rosen, S.: The quantitation of formocresol as a root canal medicament. Oral Surg. 29: , ) Vander Wall, G. L., Dowsen, J. and Shipman, C.: Antibacterial efficacy and cytotoxicity of three endodontic drugs. Oral Surg. 33: , ) Ellerbrush, E. S. and Murphy, R. A.: Antimicrobial activity of root canal medicament vapors. J. Endodontics. 3: , ) Simon, M., van Mullem, P. J. and Lamers, A. C.: Periapical tissue reaction in monkeys to endodontic treatment using formocresol as a disinfectant. J. Endodontics 5: , ) Gazi, H. A., Nayak, R. G. and Bhat, K. S.: Tissue-irritation potential of dilute formocresol. Oral Surg. 51: 74-85, ) The, S. D., Maltha, J. C. and Plasschaert, A. J. M.: Reactions of guinea pig subcutaneous connective tissue to direct or long distance exposure to parachlorophenol-or formalin-containing endodontic drugs. J. Endodontics 7: 22-26, ) Wemes, J. C., Jansen, H. W. B., Purdell-Lewis, D. and Boering, G.: Histologic evaluation of 15) Myers, D. R., Kenneth Shoaf, H., Dirksen, T. R., Pashley, D. H., Whitford, G. M. and Reynolds, K. E.: Distribution of "C-formaldehyde after pulpotomy with formocresol. J. A. D. A , ) Pashley, E. L., Myers, D. R., Pashley, D. H. and Whitford, G. M.: Systemic distribution of "C-formaldehyde from formocresol-treated pulpotomy sites. J. Dent. Res. 59: , ) Block, R. M., Denby Lewis, R., Hirsch, J., Coffey, J. and Langeland, K.: Systemic distribution of [14C]-labeled paraformaldehyde incorporated within formocresol following pulpotomies in dogs. J. Endodontics. 9: , ) Fujisawa, S. and Masuhara, E.: Binding of eugenol and o-ethoxy-benzoic acid to bovine serum albumin. J. Dent. Res. 60: , ) Wach, E. C., Hauptfuehrer, J. D. and Kesel, R. G.: Endodontic significance of the penetration of "S-labeled penicillin in extracted human teeth. Oral Surg. 8: , ) Avny, W. Y., Heiman, G. R., Madonia, J. V., Wood, N. K. and Smulson, M. H.: Autoradiographic studies of intracanal diffusion of aqueous and camphorated parachlorophenol in endodontics. Oral Surg. 36: 80-89, ) Wemes, J. C., Purdell-Lewis, D., Jongebloed, W. and Vaalburg, W.: Diffusion of carbon-14 -labeled formocresol and glutaraldehyde in the effect of formocresol and glutaraldehyde on the periapical tissues after endodontic treat- tooth structures. Oral Surg. 54: , ment. Oral Surg. 54: , ) Martin, H., Lasala, A. and Michanowicz, A.: Permeability of the apical third of the root to drugs used in endodontic therapy: An in vitro study. J. Oral Ther. and Phar. 4: , ) Taylor, G. N., Madonia, J. V., Wood, N. K. and Heuer, M. A.: In vivo autoradiographic study of relative penetrating abilities of aqueous 2% parachlorophenol and camphorated 35% parachlorophenol. J. Endodontics 2: 81-86, ) Pashley, D. H. and Livingston, M. J.: Effect of molecular size on permeability coefficient in human dentine. Arch. Oral Biol. 23: , ) 's-gravenmade, E. J.: Some biochemical considerations fixation in endodontics. J. Endo-

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