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1 (Research in Experimental Phonetics and Linguistics) 7: (2015) /da/ /ra/ /ra/ /da/ ( ) ( ) ( ) [ɾ] 1 2 [l] 1 ( ) [ɾ] [ɺ] [d] / C

2 ( ) [ɾ] [t] [l] [ɺ] ( ) [ɾ] (palatography) (linguography) 1 (palatogram) (linguogram) (1984) (1) (2) (3) (1984) (2012) 46

3 ( 0.2mm, 4g) Linguagram ( ) 1 2 ( 100 ) 60 (1958) 5 (1958) 4 p ( ) V V ( ) C ( ) N ( 0 O N ) ( ) H ( ) U ( ) ( ) (d) C (e) H 47

4 (1958) p.4 (1958) p.5 (1958) H C 1.1 (2003) (1991) 1/63 3/63 1/63 3/63 48

5 2 라디오 뿌리 1.3 (1958) 5 H (2003) S.J I.M O.H ( ) N.T S.A K.M / ra / / ri / / ru / / re / / ro / / da / F ( ) ( ) ( 15cm 4.5cm) (Nikon COOLPIX S1 Nikon COOLPIX S200) 49

6 ( ) ( ) / r / / r / ( 1 / ra / 2 / da / 1 / ra / 2 / ri / 3/ da /)

7 /ra//da/ S.J. 1-1 /ra/ 1-2 /da/ 51

8 1 S.J. /ra/ /da/ I.M. 2-1 /ra/ 2-2 /da/ 2 I.M. /ra/ /da/ 52

9 O.H. 3-1 /ra/ 3-2 /da/ 3 O.H. /ra/ /da/ 3 /ra/ /da/ 3 [ɾ] /ra/ /da/ S.J. /ra/ /da/ /ra/ I.M. /ra/ /da/ /ra/ O.H. /ra//da/ /ra/ /da/ /da/ /da/ /ra/ ( 4) 53

10 4 O.H. /ra/( ) /da/( ) (1958) C H C 3 /da/ (1958) /ra/ 5 C (1958) H (2003) [ɾ] [d] /ra/ /da/ N.T. 5-1 /ra/ 5-2 /da/ 54

11 4 N.T. /ra/ /da/ S.A. 6-1 /ra/ 6-2 /da/ 5 S.A. /ra/ /da/ 2 /ra/ 1 [ɾ] /ra/ /da/ N.T. /ra/ /da/ /ra/ /ra/ /da/ S.A. /ra/ /da/ 55

12 /da/ /ra/ [ɾ] /ra/ K.M. 7-1 /ra/ 7-2 /da/ 6 K.M. /ra/ /da/ /ra/ /da/ 8 56

13 8 K.M. /ra/ /ra/ /r/ [l] /ra/ N.T. /ri/ /ru/ 2 /ra/ /da/ K.M. /ra/( ) /da/( ) PC KAY Multi Speech 44100Hz 16bit mono KAY Multi Speech 44100Hz 256pt Hz /ra/ F1 564Hz F2 2125Hz F3 3331Hz 66msec 8 [ɺ] [l] 57

14 8-1 N.T. /ri/ 8-2 N.T. /ru/ /ri/ /ru/ N.T. /ri/ 9-2 N.T. /ru/ 58

15 /ri/ /ru/ /r/ /i/ 6 5 /ri/ (1958) /r/ [l] K.M /ra/ /r/ [l] [l] /re/ /ro/ 10-1 K.M. /re/ 10-2 K.M. /ro/ /re/ 11 59

16 11 K.M. /re/ /ra/ /ro/ [l] /ru/ 12 K.M. /ro/( ) /ru/( ) K.M. /ro//ru/ /ru/ /ro/ 12 /ru/ ( ) /ro/ /r/ S.A /da/ S.A. /ru//re/ 60

17 13-1 S.A. /ru/ 13-2 S.A. /re/ /da/ /ra/ 3 /r/ [ɾ] 1 4. /ra/ /da/ /r/ [ɾ] /ra/ /da/ /i/ S.A. /ru/, /re/ [ɾ] [l] 3 61

18 (1958) (2003) (1991) ( ) (1998) (2010) (2012) (1984) 62

19 Characteristics of Japanese Ra-gyôn with palatography and linguography Eri TAKEISHI & Takahiro FUKUMORI Japanese Ra-gyôn (/r/ as liquid phoneme) was observed in this paper by using a static method of physiological phonetics called palatography and linguography. With this method, the place of articulation is determined from the palate or tongue with a mixture of edible oil and powdered coal. Regarding the difference between /da/ and /ra/, the manner of articulation, whether plosive or flap, was assumed to be determined according to the difference in the contact area of blade of tongue and alveolar arch. As a result, a relatively smaller contact area was successfully confirmed as a flap to distinguish the two. It was further confirmed that there are people whose /ra/ becomes a lateral and whose overall dorsum of tongue contacts the palate at the time of articulating /da/. Member of the Japan Experimental Linguistics Society edgewood_rain_14@yahoo.co.jp Faculty of Foreign Languages Daito Bunka University Takashimadaira, Itabashi, Tokyo , Japan ICG01649@nifty.com 63

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