MgB 2 Mg B
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- さや おなか
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1 MgB 2 Mg B
2 PIT PICT SQUID J c -B F p -B i
3 ii
4 PICT (powder-in-closed-tube) MgB dx ( ) ( ) Jc-B T Mg Jc T Mg Jc F p -B iii
5 Kamerlingh-Onnes Drude-Lorentz 1 K K 1957 Bardeen Cooper Schrieffer BCS BCS T c 40 K 1986 Bednorz Müller 25 K T c La-Ba-Cu-O T c (77.3 K) Y-Ba-Cu-O T c 105 K Tl-Ba-Ca-Cu-O MgB T c 39 K T c B c 1
6 1933 Meissner Ochsenfeld H e B Meissner nm B c Meissner 2 B c1 Meissner Meissner B c1 B c2 1 B c B c2 2 B c1 B c2 Lorentz J B Lorentz F L F L = J B F L v E = B v Lorentz F p Lorentz F L F p 2
7 J c 2001 MgB 2 39 K Mg B 20 K 20 K J c MgB 2 J c 1.2 MgB 2 MgB 2 F p J c MgB 2 MgB 2 B Mg:B=1.0:2.0 Mg:B=1.0: K J c F p B F p B Mg Mg B F p Miura [4] MgB 2 J c MgB 2 MgB 2 Mg:B MgB 2 J c T c 3
8 1.2 2 MgB 2 MgB 2 [1] Ψ 2 Ψ 1.1 ( Ψ ) 0) ξ λ ξ 2 L ξ L λ Ψ B λ B Ψ Ψ Ψ l 1/ξ = 1/ξ 0 + 1/l ξ 0 BCS ξ 0 l ξ l ξ 4
9 ξ B Ψ λ 1.1: J c 0 J c = 0 B i B c2 = 0 B i = 0 T T c Lorentz 5
10 B-T 1.2: PIT PIT (powder-in-tube) ( ) MgB 2 PIT in-situ ex-situ 2 in-situ ex-situ 6
11 1.5.2 PIT in-situ PIT MgB 2 50 J c in-situ MgB 2 Mg B MgB 2 MgB 2 Mg B Mg Mg B B Mg Mg B B MgB 2 [2] MgB 2 J c J c PICT PICT (powder-in-closed-tube) in-situ 1.3 Mg B [3] PICT PIT 7
12 1.3: PICT (powder-in-closed-tube) MgB 2 T c 1.4 MgB 2 Mg B [4] Mg:B MgB 2 8
13 1.4: MgB 2 9
14 2 2.1 MgB 2 PIT PIT J c J c PICT PICT Mg B SUS316 Mg x B 2 x t 1. SUS 2. 3 cm 3. Mg B Mg B Mg 4. Mg B Mg B 10
15 7. MgO Mg B Torr SUS MgB T c 2.1: x (Mg x B 2 ) T c [K] # # # # # #
16 850 [ ] [h] : 12
17 2.2 MgB 2 J c T c SQUID (MPMS-7) SQUID 1 T 0 T 7 T 7 T 0 T M [emu] ([J c -B]) l w (l > w) 2.2 x y z Bean 2.2 x x+dx dx z dz di c = J c dxdz S = 4x 2 + 2x(l w) (2.1) dm = SdI c m = dm = S(x)J c dxdz = J c d S(x)dx (2.2) d m = J cw 2 (3l w)d (2.3) 12 13
18 2.2: dx 2.3 H e M m (2.3) m = J cw 2 (3l w)d (2.4) 6 m M = J cw (3l w) (2.5) 6l J c = 6l M (2.6) w(3l w) SQUID [emu] SI M[A/m] = M[emu] 10 3 (2.7) 14
19 B y x l w 2.3: ( ) ( ) 15
20 3 3.1 J c -B 3.1 SQUID 2.1 Mg:B 20 K J c -B Mg : B = 1.0 : 2.0 Mg Mg Mg J c Mg J c T T Mg x B 2 J c 1 T Mg J c 3 T Mg J c Mg J c J c Mg Mg MgO J c Mg J c Mg MgO J c Mg J c 16
21 J c [A/m 2 ] K B [T] 3.1: Jc-B 17
22 10 J c [ 10 8 A/m 2 ] 5 1 T 20 K x 3.2: 1 T Mg Jc 3 J c [ 10 7 A/m 2 ] x 3 T 20 K : 3 T Mg Jc 18
23 3.2 F p -B 3.4 F p -B Mg F p 1 F p / F pmax K B / B i 3.4: F p -B 19
24 4 Mg:B J c Mg J c Mg MgO MgB 2 Mg J c Mg 3.4 Mg : B = 1.1 : 2.0 J c Mg : B = 1.1 : 2.0 X Mg B J c 20
25 21
26 [1] Y. Katshura, A. Yamamoto, I. Iwayama, S. Horii, J.Shimoyama and K. Kishio: Grain Size Determinants and Grain-Boundary Pinning in In-situ MgB 2 Bulks [2] Y. Shimada, T. Ohashi, S. Hata, K. Ikeda, H. Nakashima, T. Mochizuki, J. Shimoyama, S. Horii and K. Kishio: Influences of Microstructure on Critical Current Properties in MgB 2 Superconducting Bulk Fabricated using a Premix-PICT Method [3] A. Yamamoto, J. Shimoyama, S. Ueda, Y. Katshura, S. Horii and K. Kishio: Supercond. Sci. Technol. 17(2004) [4] O. Miura, A. Saeki, H. Tomioka, D. Ito, N. Harada: Physica C (2007)
BaHfO 3 PLD GdBa 2 Cu 3 O 7 δ 24 2 17 1 1 1.1.................................. 1 1.2............................... 2 1.3............................. 2 1.4................................. 3 1.5.........................
BaHfO 3 PLD GdBa 2 Cu 3 O x 25 2 6 1 1 1.1.................................. 1 1.2....................... 3 1.2.1............................ 3 1.2.2.............................. 5 1.2.3.........................
10674047 24 2 7 1 1 1.1.................................. 1 1.2................................ 2 1.3......................... 3 1.4......................... 3 1.5............................ 3 1.6..........................
講義ノート 物性研究 電子版 Vol.3 No.1, (2013 年 T c µ T c Kammerlingh Onnes 77K ρ 5.8µΩcm 4.2K ρ 10 4 µωcm σ 77K ρ 4.2K σ σ = ne 2 τ/m τ 77K
2 2 T c µ T c 1 1.1 1911 Kammerlingh Onnes 77K ρ 5.8µΩcm 4.2K ρ 1 4 µωcm σ 77K ρ 4.2K σ σ = ne 2 τ/m τ 77K τ 4.2K σ 58 213 email:takada@issp.u-tokyo.ac.jp 1933 Meissner Ochsenfeld λ = 1 5 cm B = χ B =
6kg 1.1m 1.m.1m.1 l λ ϵ λ l + λ l l l dl dl + dλ ϵ dλ dl dl + dλ dl dl 3 1. JIS 1 6kg 1% 66kg 1 13 σ a1 σ m σ a1 σ m σ m σ a1 f f σ a1 σ a1 σ m f 4
35-8585 7 8 1 I I 1 1.1 6kg 1m P σ σ P 1 l l λ λ l 1.m 1 6kg 1.1m 1.m.1m.1 l λ ϵ λ l + λ l l l dl dl + dλ ϵ dλ dl dl + dλ dl dl 3 1. JIS 1 6kg 1% 66kg 1 13 σ a1 σ m σ a1 σ m σ m σ a1 f f σ a1 σ a1 σ m
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Ni PLD GdBa 2 Cu 3 O 7 x 2 6
Ni PLD GdBa 2 Cu 3 O 7 x 2 6 1 1 1.1.................................. 1 1.2................................ 2 1.2.1......................... 3 1.3 RE 1 Ba 2 Cu 3 O 7 x...................... 3 1.3.1...............................
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物理化学I-第12回(13).ppt
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