Title MMORPG における動的領域分割結合アルゴリズム Author(s) 榎原, 博之, 吉岡, 啓, 松崎, 頼人 Citation 電子情報通信学会論文誌 (A), J98-A(41): Issue Date URL

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Title MMORPG における動的領域分割結合アルゴリズム Author(s) 榎原, 博之, 吉岡, 啓, 松崎, 頼人 Citation 電子情報通信学会論文誌 (A), J98-A(41): 337-35 Issue Date 2015-04 URL http://hdl.handle.

1 Title MMORPG における動的領域分割結合アルゴリズム Author(s) 榎原, 博之, 吉岡, 啓, 松崎, 頼人 Citation 電子情報通信学会論文誌 (A), J98-A(41): Issue Date URL (C) 電子情報通信学会 : このデータは学協会著作権ポリシーデータベースの事項に基づいて作成しておりま Rights す Original text is available at h earch.ieice.org/index.html Type Journal Article Textversion publisher Kansai University

2 MMORPG Dynamic Region Division and Binding Algorithm for MMORPG Hiroyuki EBARA, Hiraku YOSHIOKA, and Raito MATSUZAKI P2P MMORPG () P2P MMORPG 2 P2P MMORPGP2P 1. (MMOG: Massively Multiplayer Online Games) 1970 CAI (Computer Aided Instruction) MMOG 1990 MMOG RPG MMORPG: Massively Multiplayer Online Roll Playing Game MMORPG World of Warcraft [1] 1200 MMOG C/S ( Kansai University, Yamate-cho, Suita-shi, Japan ) P2P (Peer to Peer) 2 MMOG C/S MMORPG C/S C/S P2P MMOG HybridP2P MMORPG HybridP2P MMORPG A Vol. J98 A No. 4 pp c

3 2015/4 Vol. J98 A No. 4 ( ) ( ) C/S C/S [2] [5] [6] [12] MMORPG [13] C/S C/S Hybrid P2P P2P MMORPG [2] ( ) JoHNUM [3] Microcell [4] MMORPG P2P [2] C/S Microcell [4] JoHNUM [3] ( ) ( ) Fig. 1 Quadtree algorithm. 338

Microcell [4] 2 Microcell JoHNUM 4 9 16 25.

4 MMORPG 2 Microcell Fig. 2 Microcell. 3 Fig. 3 JoHNUM JoHNUM. Microcell [4] 2 Microcell JoHNUM [2] 3 JoHNUM Thawonmas [5] m n () AOI (Area of Interest) Dewan Tanvir Ahmed [6] AOI AOI AOI [7] JoHNUM [8] [5] [7] 339

5 2015/4 Vol. J98 A No. 4 [8] MMORPG 3. P2P / HybridP2P MMORPG P2P MMORPG 2 (x ) (y ) (1) (2) ( ) (3) IP (4) IP P2P 340

6 MMORPG Table 1 1 The timing and content of communication. IP IP 4 Fig. 4 Mutual interference area. Dewan Tanvir Ahmed [6] Dewan Tanvir Ahmed 4 (1) (2) IP (3) IP 3. 2 ( ) 341

7 2015/4 Vol. J98 A No. 4 2 (1) ( ) (2) (3) (4) (5) ( ) ( ) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) IP IP (12) (1) (11) 5 (a) (g) (1) 5 ( 5(a)) (2) 5 ( 5(b)) (3) 5 5 Fig. 5 Extended dynamic region decomposition algorithm. (4) ( 5(c)) (5) ( 5(d)) (6) ( 5(e)) (7) ( 5(f)) 342

8 MMORPG (8) ( 5(g)) (9) (10) (11) IP IP x y y x 6 6 ( ) y x x y y 6 Fig. 6 Starting place and dividing direction. 7 Fig. 7 The nature of the area divided. 1 y 7 x ( ) 8 (a) (c) (1) 343

9 2015/4 Vol. J98 A No. 4 8 Fig. 8 Algorithm of divided decision. ( 8(a)) (2) ( 8(b) ) ( 8(b) ) x y ( 8(b)) (3) (2) ( 8(c)) x y x x y y y x 9 (a) (g) 9 Fig. 9 Extend dividing algorithm. (1) ( 9(a)) (2) ( 9(b) ) ( ) (3) 3 x 1 ( 9(c)) (4) 3 y 1 ( 9(d)) (5) 3 (3) (4) (6) 3 x y ( 9(e)) 344

10 MMORPG (7) (3) (6) ( 4) ( 9(f)) (3) (6) (3) (6) (3) (6) (8) (7) (2) (7) ( 9(g)) x y 1:2 2:1 x y 2 (1) x y 1:2 2:1 (2) x < y x > y x =y (3) (4) x > y x y (5) x > y 1 x y 1 (6) (5) x y x > y (7) x > y 1 x y 1 (8) (1) (2) (7) 10 (a) (d) (1) 6 7 x y 1:2 2:1 ( 10 (a)) (2) (3) ( 10 (b)) (4) 7 5 ( 10 (c)) (5)

11 2015/4 Vol. J98 A No Fig. 10 Algorithm of regious reformation. ( 10 (d)) [2] JoHNUM [3] A B

12 MMORPG 11 Fig. 11 Increase or decrease in the number of players to be communicated. 12 Fig. 12 Hotspot JoHNUM 5. 1 (1) [14] 45 75cm 1 60cm (2) 0.5 (3) 2 MMORPG /10 1/10 347

13 2015/4 Vol. J98 A No. 4 1/10 x y 1 y x (4) 1[ / ] 2 [ / ] 4 [ / ] 1[ / ] 2 [ / ] 4[ / ] 1[ ] 2 [ ] 4 [ ] (5) ( ) () [bps] [15] C/S [15] 1 30[kbyte] 60[kbyte] 2 (1) (2) (3) (4) [s] 348

14 MMORPG 2 Table 2 Parameters in simulation [ ] 7 7[ ] 0.5[s] 5300[s] 30[ ] 10[ ] 20[ ] 200[ ] 1[s] 1800[s] 2[/s] 1[s] 1800[s] 1[/s] 1801[s] 3600[s] 0[/s] 1801[s] 3600[s] 0[/s] 3601[s] 5300[s] 0[/s] 3601[s] 5300[s] 1[/s] 0.5[s] 0.5[s] 1 1[byte] 1 30[kbyte] 60[kbyte] 1800[s] 3600[s] 1[ / ] 2 [ / ] 4 [ / ] [ / ] / JoHNUM JoHNUM P2P MMORPG JoHNUM 349

15 2015/4 Vol. J98 A No [ / ] Fig. 13 The management load such that the player s moving speed is 1[mass/time slot]. 14 2[ / ] Fig. 14 The management load such that the player s moving speed is 2[mass/time slot]. 15 4[ / ] Fig. 15 The management load such that the player s moving speed is 4[mass/time slot]

16 MMORPG Fig The management load of the proposed algorithm by the movement. 17 Fig. 17 The management load by the zigzag movement. 18 Fig. 18 Number of regions. 351

17 2015/4 Vol. J98 A No Fig. 19 The division load. 20 Fig. 20 The total load. Fig Box plot diagram of the management load on each area management node in the quadtree. 352

18 MMORPG 22 JoHNUM Fig. 22 Box plot diagram of the management load on each area management node in the JoHNUM. 23 Fig. 23 Box plot diagram of the management load on each area management node in the proposed algorithm. 24 Fig. 24 The management load by area join in the proposed algorithm

19 2015/4 Vol. J98 A No Fig. 25 Box plot diagram of the management load on each area management node in the proposed algorithm without the area combining. Fig Number of regions in the proposed algorithm of threshold change. 27 Fig. 27 Box plot diagram of the management load on each area management node in the proposed algorithm of threshold change. 0.6%

20 MMORPG MMORPG 1 JSPS [1] Blizzard Entertainment: World of warcraftm, Blizzard Entertainment, com/index.xml/ (accessed ) [2] D. Philippe and V. Ariel, Improving scalability in MMOGs ScalaMo: A new architecture, Cite SeerX, (accessed ) [3] U. Farooq and J. Glauert, Joint hierarchical nodes based user management (JoHNUM) infrastructure for the development of scalable and consistent virtual worlds, th IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Distributed Simulation and Real Time Applications, pp , [4] B. De Vleeschauwer, B. Van Den Bossche, T. Verdickt, F. De Turck, B. Dhoedt, and P. Demeester, Dynamic microcell assignment for massively multiplayer online gaming, Proc. 4th ACM SIGCOMM workshop on Network and system support for games - NetGames 05, pp.1 7, [5] R. Thawonmas, M. Kurashige, and K.T. Chen, Detection of landmarks for clustering of online-game players, Int. J. Virtual Reality, pp.11 16, [6] D.T. Ahmed and S. Shirmohammadi, A dynamic area of interest management and collaboration model for P2P, Proc th IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Distributed Simulation and Real- Time Applications, pp.27 34, [7] MMO ( B-8:P2P (2)) CSEC, pp , [8] S.-Y. Hu and G.-M. Liao, Scalable Peer-to-Peer networked virtual environment, NetGames 04 Proc. 3rd ACM SIGCOMM Workshop on Network and System Support for Games, pp , [9] S.-Y. Hu, S.-C. Chang, and J.-R. Jiang, Voronoi state management for Peer-to-Peer massively multiplayer online games, Consumer Communications and Networking Conference, 2008, CCNC 2008, 5th IEEE, pp , [10] M. Assiotis and V. Tzanov, A distributed architecture for MMORPG, NetGames 06 Proc. 5th ACM SIGCOMM Workshop on Network and System Support for Games, pp.73 78, [11] CPSY, vol.105, no.226, pp.61 66,

2015/4 Vol. J98 A No. 4 [12] NS2008-13, 2008. [13] S. Yamamoto, Y. Murata, K. Yasumoto, and M.

4th ACM SIGCOMM Workshop on Network and System Support for Games, pp.1 8, 2005.

21 2015/4 Vol. J98 A No. 4 [12] NS , [13] S. Yamamoto, Y. Murata, K. Yasumoto, and M. Ito, A distributed event delivery method with load balancing for MMORPG, NetGames 05 Proc. 4th ACM SIGCOMM Workshop on Network and System Support for Games, pp.1 8, [14] Passion For The Future.net: Passion For The Future.net, archives/ html, (accessed ) [15] P2P RPG (MMORPG) Bachelor s degree (School of Science and Engineering) ( ) 1994 IEEE ACM NEC

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~:J:. Title 彙輯至元新格並びに解説 Author(s) 植松, 正 Citation 東洋史研究 (1972), 30(4): 297-325 Issue Date 1972-03-30 URL http://dx.doi.org/10.14989/152850 Right Type Journal Article Textversion publisher Kyoto University ~:J:.