Jap. J. Crim. Psychol. 57(2): 1-17 (2020)

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1 Jap. J. Crim. Psychol.,Vol. 57, No. 2 (2020) doi: /jjcp.57.2_1 ********** Psycho-social characteristics of drug abusers sentenced to imprisonment with partial suspension of execution Masayuki Tani, Youichi Takano, Eisuke Takamiya and Takuya Shimane , * ( Tokyo Probation Office) ** (Research and Training Institute Ministry of Justice) *** (Hiroshima District Public Prosecutors Office) **** (Department of Drug Dependence Research, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry) Copyright 2020 Japanese Association of Criminal Psychology 1

3 2. Prendergast, Pearson, Podus, Hamilton, & Greenwell Andrews & Bonta, 2010 Reich, Picard-Fritsche, Rempel, & Forley

4 57 2 A SD SD

5 MDMA The Drug Abuse Screening Test 20 DAST- 20Skinner & Goldberg, 1986 DAST-20 DAST NA Welch t χ 2 3 5

6 57 2 Exhaustive CHAID IBM SPSS Decision Trees ROC Bonferroni Table 1 Table 2 Table Table 3 Table 4 2 Table1 t t t * t t t t DAST t p.10. *p.05. **p.01. ***p.001 6

7 Table2 χ * DAST p.10. *p.05. **p.01. ***p.001 pχ 2 7

8 57 2 Table3 t t *** t *** t t * t t t * t ** DAST t * p.10. *p.05. **p.01. ***p DAST-20 DAST NA Table Figure over fitting ROC AUC , 95CI:

9 Table4 χ * DAST ** * ** p.10. *p.05. **p.01. ***p.001 pχ 2 9

10 57 2 Figure1 Figure2 *p.05 AUC0.5 p.01 DAST-20 Figure 2 10

11 Figure3 DAST , SD , SD , SD4.00 F2, , p Figure 3 11

57 2 Figure4 *p.05 3 4 4 4 10 0.27 0.23 ROC AUC0.640.028, 95CI: 0.58 0.69 AUC0.5 p.

12 57 2 Figure4 *p ROC AUC , 95CI: AUC0.5 p.001 DAST-20 Figure 4 DAST , SD , SD , SD , SD F3, , p

13 13 AUC AUC 2. 1

14 AUC 1 14

15 Wooley, Rogers, Fiduccia, & Kelsey 2013 DAST-20 Peters et al., Pearson et al.2012 NIDA 4. 15

16 , Andrews, D. A., & Bonta, J. 2010Rehabilitating criminal justice policy and practice. Psychology, Public Policy, and Law, 16(1), doi: / a pp , (11), (7), (1), , Pearson, F. S., Prendergast, M. L., Podus, D., Vazan, P., Greenwell, L., & Hamilton, Z.2012Meta-analyses of seven of the National Institute on Drug Abuse s principles of drug addiction treatment. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 43(1), doi: Peters, R. H., Greenbaum, P. E., Steinberg, M. L., Carter, C. R., Ortiz, M. M., Fry, B. C., & Valle, S. K.2000Effectiveness of screening instruments in detecting substance use disorders among prisoners. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 18(4), doi: Prendergast, M. L., Pearson, F. S., Podus, D., Hamilton, Z. K., & Greenwell, L.2013The Andrews principles of risk, needs, and responsivity as applied in drug treatment programs: Meta-analysis of crime and drug use outcomes. Journal of experimental criminology, 9(3), doi: org/ /s z Reich, W. A., Picard-Fritsche, S., Rempel, M., & Farley, E. J.2016Treatment modality, failure, and re-arrest: A test of the risk principle with substance-abusing criminal defendants. Journal of Drug Issues, 46(3), doi: org/ / , DAST-20 50(6), Skinner, H. A., & Goldberg, A. E.1986 Evidence for a drug dependence syndrome among narcotic users. British Journal of Addiction, 81(4), doi: pp , Wooley, C. N., Rogers, R., Fiduccia, C. E., & Kelsey, K.2013The effectiveness of substance use measures in the detection of full and partial denial of drug use. Assessment, 20(6), doi: doi.org/ /

17 Abstract This study compared the psycho social characteristics of newly entered inmates to penal institutions across Japan with and without partial suspension of execution committed simulant drug related offenses. Inmates with partial suspension of execution were significantly more likely than those without to report engaged experiences in medical care and peer support, criminal history by substance use offences, psychiatric comorbidity and early first time simulant drug use. Furthermore, inmates with partial suspension of execution were found to have a higher degree of problems related to drug use measured by The Drug Abuse Screening Test-20 (DAST-20) than those without. Additionally, results from decision tree analyses indicated that some psycho social characteristics influence judicial sentencing about imprisonment with partial suspension of execution. The groups with psycho social characteristics that are likely to be inmates with partial suspension of execution had higher severity of drug use problems than those without them. In the light of these findings, justice decision making of imprisonment with partial suspension of execution seems to be determined with sufficient consideration of treatment needs and responsivity for preventing reoffending. This study compared the psycho social characteristics of newly entered inmates to penal institutions across Japan with and without partial suspension of execution committed simulant drug related offenses. Inmates with partial suspension of execution were significantly more likely than those without to report engaged experiences in medical care and peer support, criminal history by substance use offences, psychiatric comorbidity and early first time simulant drug use. Furthermore, inmates with partial suspension of execution were found to have a higher degree of problems related to drug use measured by The Drug Abuse Screening Test-20 (DAST-20) than those without. Additionally, results from decision tree analyses indicated that some psycho social characteristics influence judicial sentencing about imprisonment with partial suspension of execution. The groups with psycho social characteristics that are likely to be inmates with partial suspension of execution had higher severity of drug use problems than those without them. In the light of these findings, justice decision making of imprisonment with partial suspension of execution seems to be determined with sufficient consideration of treatment needs and responsivity for preventing reoffending. Key words: imprisonment with partial suspension of execution, drug abuse, treatment needs and responsivity

The Japanese Journal of Health Psychology, 29(S): (2017)

The Japanese Journal of Health Psychology, 29(S): (2017) Journal of Health Psychology Research 2017, Vol. 29, Special issue, 139 149Journal of Health Psychology Research 2016, J-STAGE Vol. Advance 29, Special publication issue, 139 149 date : 5 December, 2016