(2009) Table 1 van Genuchten θ r θ s α n K s h i θ(h i ) K(h i ) Soil type (cm 3 cm 3 ) (cm 3 cm 3 ) (cm 1 ) ( ) (cm d 1 ) (cm) (cm 3 cm 3 ) (c

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1 Infiltration into a soil profile: 1. Flux and pressure boundary conditions. Nobuo TORIDE 1 Kunio WATANABE 1 Masaru SAKAI Green-Ampt 2000 Green-Ampt Hillel, 2001; Jury and Horton, 2006 Green and Ampt Philip 1957a e Warrick 2003 Philip Jury and Horton, 2006 HYDRUS-1D Šimůnek et al., Graduate School of Bioresources, Mie University, 1577 Kurima- Machiya, Tsu, Mie , Japan. Corresponding author: 2 Utah State University, Dep. Plants, Soils, and Climate , (2009) Philip Green-Ampt 2. q w L T 1 q w = K(h) h K(h) (1) z K(h) L T 1 h Lz L 1 2 θ t = z [ ( )] h K(h) + K(h) z z θ L 3 L 3 t T (2) C w (h) h t = [ ( )] h K(h) + K(h) z z z (3)

2 (2009) Table 1 van Genuchten θ r θ s α n K s h i θ(h i ) K(h i ) Soil type (cm 3 cm 3 ) (cm 3 cm 3 ) (cm 1 ) ( ) (cm d 1 ) (cm) (cm 3 cm 3 ) (cm d 1 ) Sandy loam Silt C w (h) = θ h θ(h) Jury and Horton, θ q w = K(θ) h θ θ z K(θ) = D w(θ) θ z D w (θ) = K(θ) h θ = K(θ) C w (θ) (4) K(θ) (5) h θ K(h) C w (h) θ Jury and Horton, 2006 θ t = z [ ( )] θ D w (θ) + K(θ) z z 3 7 h θ (6) (7) 8 9 ( 1) h K (h) z z=0 + = q 0 (8) h(0,t) = h 0 (9) q 0 L T 1 h 0 10 h i z = L h(z,0) = h i (10) h z = 0 (11) z= L van Genuchten θ θ r θ s θ r = S e = (1 + αh n ) m (12) [ ( ) m ] 2 K (S e ) = K s Se l 1 1 S 1 /m e (13) θ r L 3 L 3 θ s L 3 L 3 S e α L 1 n m = 1 1/n K s L T 1 l Table 1 Carsel and Parrish l = Fig. 1 θ(h) K(h) h = 31 cm K h = 31 cm 12 van Genuchten h 4 C w Jury and Horton, 2006 C w (h) = αn (θ s θ r )(n 1)( h) n 1 [1 + α( h) n ] 2 1/n (14) Fig. 2 C w (h) C w h = 7.4 cm h = 66 cm C w

3 1. 33 Fig. 1 van Genuchten a θ(h) b K(h) C w h = 66 cm 4. K s 1991; 2000 q 0 t q 0 t supply-controlled flux-controlled nonponding infiltration Hillel, Hillel 2001 transmission zone wetting zone wetting front 4 Hillel 2001 Fig. 3 Fig. 2 van Genuchten C w (h) Fig. 3

4 (2009) Fig. 4 3 q 0 = cm d 1 h 0 Table 2 h θ(h ) Soil type q 0 (cm d 1 ) h (cm) θ(h ) (cm 3 cm 3 ) Sandy loam Silt cm h i = 500 cm Table 1 h i = 500 cm θ(h i ) K(h i ) Fig. 4 3 q 0 = cm d 1 h 0 Fig. 5 K s = cm d 1 K s = 6 cm d 1 Table 1 3 cm d cm q q 0 q 0 h 0 h Fig. 41 h 0 K(h 0 ) dh/dz h 0 q 0 h dh/dz = 01 q 0 = K(h ) h θ(h ) Table 2 Fig. 4 h h 0 6 Fig. 5 a c h i = 500 cm h = 100 cm h

5 1. 35 Fig. 5 3 q 0 = cm d 1 (a) (b) (c) h(z) (d) (e) (f) K(z) (g) (h) (i) θ(z)

6 (2009) Jury and Horton, 2006 q 0 q 0 = 0.2 cm d 1 q 0 = 0.2 cm d 1 Fig. 5 d f h K(h ) = q 0 K i h i = 500 cm K i = cm d 1 K i = cm d 1 Table 1 K 2 K i 10 cm 5 6 K K(h ) K Fig. 5 g i Fig. 5 a c Fig. 1 a θ(h) q 0 t Table 1 θ(h i ) Table 2 θ(h ) q 0 q 0 θ(h ) Fig. 5 a c 4 C w (h) Jury and Horton, 2006 C w Fig. 2 C w Fig. 2 θ(h ) q 0 = 0.2 cm d 1 5. Rassam et al., 2004; cm Philip 1957a profilecontrolled Hillel, cm 100 cm h i = 500 cm Table 1 Fig. 6 3 h 0 = cm q 0 Fig. 7 Fig cm 2 3 q 0 Table 3 h 0 θ(h 0 ) K(h 0 ) h 0 = 0 cm h 0 = 1 cm h = 0 cm Rassam et al., 2004 Table 3 θ(h 0 ) K(h 0 ) Soil type h 0 (cm) θ(h 0 ) (cm 3 cm 3 ) K(h 0 ) (cm d 1 ) Sandy loam Silt

7 1. 37 Fig. 6 3 h 0 = cm q 0 h 0 h Fig. 4 h 0 q 0 Fig. 6 q 0 q 0 h 0 = 1 cm h 0 = 31 cm h 0 = 55 cm h 0 = 1cm h 0 = 1 cm 1 h 0 = 31 cm q 0 dh/dz = 01 q = K(h 0 ) 2006 Fig. 4 q = K(h 0 ) Table 3 Fig. 1 b h = 31 cm K h 0 = 31 cm q 0 = 0.5 cm d 1 h h 0 = 55 cm q 0 = 0.2 cm d 1 h Table 2 Table 3 3 Fig. 7 a c h 0 h i = 500 cm h = h 0 h i Fig. 6 dh/dz q 0 K(h 0 ) 1 dh/dz q 0 Fig. 5 a c q = K(h 0 ) Fig. 5 a c h 0 h 0 = 1 cm h 0 = 55 cm h 0 K(h 0 ) K i Fig. 7 d f K(h 0 ) Fig. 6 q Table 3 h 0 = 1 cm

8 (2009) Fig. 7 3 h 0 = cm (a) (b) (c) h(z) (d) (e) (f) K(z) (g) (h) (i) θ(z)

9 1. 39 Fig. 8 q w (z) a q 0 = 3 cm d 1 b q 0 = 0.2 cm d 1 c q 0 = 0.2 cm d 1 K i = cm d 1 K(h 0 ) = 85.9 cm d 1 h 0 = 55 cm K Fig. 7 g i θ(h i ) Fig. 5 Table 1 θ(h 0 ) Table 3 θ(h i ) θ(h 0 ) h 0 = 1 cm h 0 = 55 cm h 0 = 55 cm Fig. 6 Fig. 5 g i q 0 = 0.5 cm d 1 Fig. 5 h h 0 = 31 cm Fig. 7 hq 0 = 0.2 cm d 1 Fig. 5 i h 0 = 55 cm Fig. 7 i h h 0 = 1 cm Hillel, 2001h 0 h Hillel, 2001 Fig. 8 afig. 4 q 0 = 3 cm d 1 3d Fig. 5 d K Fig. 5 d Fig cm 3 cm d 1

10 (2009) dh/dz = 0 20 cm 5 cm 45 cm 1.54 cm d 1 1 K(h) Warrick, 2003 K 1988 Jury and Horton, 2006 q 0 = 3 cm d 1 2 d Fig. 5 d K 3 cm d 1 K i = cm d 1 K dh/dz K K dh/dz q 0 = 3 cm d 1 40 cm Fig. 5 a Fig. 5 g 3 d 40 cm K Fig. 8 a Fig. 8 b q 0 = 0.2 cm d 1 30 d q 0 = 3 cm d 1 q 0 K q 0 = 3 cm d 1 q 0 = 0.2 cm d 1 Fig. 8 c q 0 = 0.2 cm d 1 30 d K i = cm d 1 K i = cm d 1 Table 1 Fig. 5 c Fig. 5 i 30d HYDRUS-1D Fig. 8 7.

11 1. 41 HYDRUS-1D Philip 1957e Philip 1957e Carsel, R. F. and Parrish, R. S. (1988): Developing joint probability distributions of soil water retention characteristics, Water Resour. Res., 24: : W. H. Green and G. A. Ampt 1 105: Hillel, D. (2001) II 10 pp Jury, W. A. and Horton, R. (2006): : pp Y. Mualem M. Th. van Genuchten 106: pp : pp Philip, J. R. (1957a): The theory of infiltration: 1. The infiltration equation and its solution. Soil Sci., 83: Philip, J. R. (1957b): The theory of infiltration: 2. The profile at infinity. Soil Sci., 83: Philip, J. R. (1957c): The theory of infiltration: 3. Moisture profiles and relation to experiment. Soil Sci., 84: Philip, J. R. (1957d): The theory of infiltration: 4. Sorptivity and algebraic infiltration equations. Soil Sci., 84: Philip, J. R. (1957e): The theory of infiltration: 5. Influence of initial moisture content. Soil Sci., 84: Rassam, D., Šimůnek, J. and van Genuchten, M. Th. (2004) HYDRUS-2D pp HYDRUS Šimůnek, J., Šejna, M., Saito, H., Sakai, M., and van Genuchten, M. Th. (2008): The HYDRUS-1D software package for simulating the movement of water, heat, and multiple solutes in variably saturated media, Version 4.0, HYDRUS Software Series 3, Dep. of Environmental Sciences, Univ. of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA.,, : J. Šimůnek : , : Warrick, A. W. (2003): Soil water dynamics, pp , Oxford university press, New York. 2

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