理恵（最終版）
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2 Grice 1...Leech Maxim of Tact 5... Maxim of Generosity Maxim of Approbation Maxim of Modesty Maxim of Agreement 6....Maxim of Sympathy Brown Levinson ii
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4 Grice Leech Brown Levinson....Grice Grice 1975 conversational maxims (Cooperative Principle) conversational maxims a. Quantity b. Quality c. Relation d. Manner a. Quantity b. Quality iv
5 c. Relation d. Manner (cf ) Grice B: What s the problem? A: I m out of gas. ( ) B: What year is your car? ( ) c. Relation B: Why don t I take you up to the gas station? A: We all miss John and Nancy, don t we? ( ) B: Well, we all miss Nancy, but we don t miss John. ( ) B v
6 B: Well, we all miss Nancy. ( ) B. a. Quantity B A A B ( ) Dear Sir, Mr. X s command of English is excellent, and his attendance at tutorials has been regular. Yours, etc. a. Quantity Grice Grice implicature vi
7 . Leech Leech(1983) textual rhetoric interpersonal rhetoric Grice 1975 cooperative principle CP interpersonal rhetoric Leech Grice CP interpersonal rhetoric CP politeness principle PP PP Leech PP politeness principle a. Maxim of Tact Minimize cost to other. Maximize benefit to other. b. Maxim of Generosity Minimize benefit to self. Maximize cost to self. c. Maxim of Approbation Minimize dispraise of other. Maximize praise of other. d. Maxim of Modesty Minimize prize of self. Maximize dispraise of self. e. Maxim of Agreement Minimize disagreement between self and other. Maximize agreement between self and other. f. Maxim of Sympathy Minimize antipathy between self and other. Maximize sympathy between self and other. (Leech ,132) a b c d e f ( ) vii
8 .. Maxim of Tact 2 a. Answer the phone. (Leech ) b. Will you answer the phone? ( ibid. 108) c. Could you possibly answer the phone? ( ibid. 108) a c a. Peel these potatoes. (Leech ) b. Sit down. ( ibid. 107) c. Have another sandwich. ( ibid. 107) a c.. Maxim of Generosity Maxim of Generosity Maxim of Tact Maxim of Generosity a. Could I borrow this electric drill? ( Leech ) b. Could you lend me this electric drill? ( ibid. 135) a b viii
9 Maxim of Approbation.. Quantity Dear Sir, Mr. X s command of English is excellent, and his attendance at tutorials has been regular. Yours, etc. ( ) Maxim of Approbation... Maxim of Modesty Maxim of Approbation Maxim of Modesty Please accept this small gift as a token of our esteem. (Leech1983:136) Please accept this large gift as a token of our esteem. (ibid. 136)... Maxim of Agreement ix
10 A: It was an interesting exhibition, wasn t it? B: No, it was very uninteresting. (Leech ) B B A Maxim of Agreement A: The book is tremendously well written. B: Yes, well written as a whole, but there are some rather boring patches, don t you think? (ibid. ).. Maxim of Sympathy Maxim of Sympathy I m terribly pleased to hear that your cat died.(leech ) I m terribly sorry to hear that your cat died. (ibid. ) Maxim of Sympathy I m terribly sorry to hear about your cat.(ibid. 139) Maxim of Sympathy... Leech Leech The Modesty Maxim x
11 A B A B ibid Leech The Agreement Maxim The Agreement Maxim The Modesty Maxim The Agreement Maxim The Modesty Maxim Leech.. Brown Levinson Brown Levinson 1978 (face) positive politeness negative politeness Brown Levinson 2 positive face negative face ( ) ( )1999 xi
12 .. A May I open the window? B Yes, please. As a matter of fact, I was going to open it myself. It s too hot in here. ibid. 37 A B A B Well, I d prefer you didn t. ibid. 37 A B A ( ) Thank you for not smoking. ( ) xii
13 ( ) (( )1999 Brown Levinson 1978 ibid. 259 Brown Levinson Grice, H.P : Logic and conversation 2.Brown, P. S. Levinson 1978 :Universals in language usage: politeness phenomena ibid Help (me) xiii
14 Who could help me let s please Please close the door. I should be glad if you would close the door. It is cold. Dijk 1981 It is cold. (I feel cold.) (l know the cause of the cold.) (I know that the open window is the cause.) (I know that you can close the window.) Close the window. xiv
15 Would you please take the garbage out? Hurry up ibid. 102 ( ) Will you marry me? Grice(1975) Leech 1983 Brown Levinson 1987 Leech 1983 General Pragmatics relative politeness Socio-pragmatics 1.Dijk, T(1981 :Studies in the Pragmatics of Discourse Mouton xv
16 Rossiter 1988 Will you...? Would you...? Would you mind -ing...? Can you...? Could you...? I don t suppose you could...? Do you think you could...? I don t suppose you could possibly...? You couldn t (possibly)...,could you? I was wondering if you could... I was wondering if you could possibly... (Rossiter ) Rossiter will would Can you...?.. xvi
17 . would like to Eastwood 1994 Have you a moment? I want to ask you something. Have you a moment? I wanted to ask you something I wanted to talk to you briefly about one of your patients, Jack said, My patients conditions are confidential. Dr. Levitz said, as if by rote. (R. Cook, Chromosome 6) And I wondered-i wondered if I could buy you a drink or something... Shall I meet you somewhere? Mrs. Robinson said. (C. Webb, The Graduate) I have some friends down from school and we re getting up a beach party. I thought you might like to join us. (H. Robbins, The Lonely Lady) *Did you want to see me now? {Do/ Did} you want to see me now? ( ) xvii
18 Polite Question 1999 ibid Taylor Eastwood, J :Oxford Guide to English Grammar Grice 1975 Leech(1983) Brown Levinson 1978 conversational maxims politeness principle positive politeness negative politeness xviii
19 (1999) A Did you want me? B Yes, I hoped you would give me a hand with the painting. (Leech 1971) A B A B then now 2 A B. Leech, G.N.( 1971): Meaning and the English Verb PHP xix
20 Leech, G.(1983) Principles of Pragmatics Longman Rossiter, P. & & Coulton, T Taylor, J.R LINGUISTIC CATEGORIZATION prototypes in Linguistic Theory 14 xx
What s your name? Help me carry the baggage, please. politeness What s your name? Help me carry the baggage, please. iii
What s your name? Help me carry the baggage, please. politeness What s your name? Help me carry the baggage, please. iii p. vi 2 50 2 2016 7 14 London, Russell Square iv iii vi Part 1 1 Part 2 13 Unit
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2016 Fall Lecture 05 on Comm HO
ON COMMUNICATION OCT 26, 2016II what why/how 1. 赤ちゃんはなぜ可愛いか 文化とは何か 2. コミュニケーションとは何か ケース１ 通常の会話 授業中に コミュニケーションにおける 文化 の影響とは 教師 Sit down! 生徒 はーい 座る 2. 2. 18 Sit down! Sit down! 3. 10/4/16 3. 3. 10 A 10/4/16
困ったときのQ&A
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『保守の比較政治学』
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困ったときのQ&A
Help i 1 ii iii v iv 2 C Alt Delete v iv vii vi vii vi viii ix x http://121ware.com/support/ 0120-977-121 x xi xii xii xii 1 2 3 4 5 xiii xiv xv xvi xvii xviii xix xx P A R T 1 P A R T 2 xxi P A R T 3
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tikeya[at]shoin.ac.jp The Function of Quotation Form -tte as Sentence-final Particle Tomoko IKEYA Kobe Shoin Women s University Institute of Linguistic Sciences Abstract 1. emphasis 2. Speaker s impressions
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osakikamijima HIGH SCHOOL REPORT Hello everyone! I hope you are enjoying spring and all of the fun activities that come with warmer weather! Similar to Judy, my time here on Osakikamijima is
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Answers Practice 08 JFD1
Practice 8 Sentence Connectors 1) I / went / to Japan / for the first time last year. At first, I didn t understand / Japanese / *at all. [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] * 2) I m / not hungry / because I *already ate
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Cain & Abel: False Religion vs. The Gospel Now Adam knew Eve his wife, and she conceived and bore Cain, saying, I have gotten a man with the help of the LORD. And again, she bore his brother Abel. Now
平成23年度 児童・生徒の学力向上を図るための調査 中学校第2 学年 外国語（英語） 調査票
I played tennis in the park. I watched TV at home. I went there yesterday. I went there with my sister. Yes, please. I m sorry. Here you are. Thank you. It s nice. I m fine. Nice to meet you. It s mine.
178 New Horizon English Course 28 : NH 3 1. NH 1 p ALT HP NH 2 Unit 2 p. 18 : Hi, Deepa. What are your plans for the holidays? I m going to visi
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困ったときのQ&A
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Show & Tell Presentation - 170 - Presentation 1) Choose 1 topic 2) Write the reasons why you chose the topic. 3) Think about 3 points for the topic. Class No Name What would you like to do after graduation?
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Drill 1: Giving and Receiving (Part 1) [Due date: ] Directions: Describe each picture using the verb of giving and the verb of receiving. E.g.) (1) (2) (3) (4) 1 (5) (6) Drill 2: Giving and Receiving (Part
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鈴木（最終版）
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Microsoft Word - j201drills27.doc
Drill 1: Giving and Receiving (Part 1) Directions: Describe each picture using the verb of giving and the verb of receiving. (1) (2) (3) (4) 1 (5) (6) Drill 2: Giving and Receiving (Part 1) Directions:
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IT 1 NPO (IPEC) 55.7 29.5 Web TOEIC Nice to meet you. How are you doing? 1 type (2002 5 )66 15 1 IT Java (IZUMA, Tsuyuki) James Robinson James James James Oh, YOU are Tsuyuki! Finally, huh? What's going
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Sandwich method bonus 24 At a store - Buying clothes Hello! You re looking for a shirt?!? Well, this shirt here is the latest style, and the price is really reasonable. David A. Thayne s 2 Special Methods
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No. 19 January 19 2013 19 Regionalism at the 19 th National Assembly Elections Focusing on the Yeongnam and Honam Region Yasurou Mori As the biggest issue of contemporary politics at South Korea, there
72 はじめに 論文(査読論文)永禄三年の車争い図屏風The Screen Painting Confrontation of Carriages Produced in the Third Year of Eiroku(1560) Yoshiyuki TAKAMATSU
SURE: Shizuoka University REp http://ir.lib.shizuoka.ac.jp/ Title 永禄三年の車争い図屏風 Author(s) 髙松, 良幸 Citation 静岡大学情報学研究. 20, p. 72-51 Issue Date 2015-03-28 URL http://doi.org/10.14945/00008191 Version publisher
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W e l c o m e t o J A P A N 254 Singer-songwriter Kyrie Kristmanson I am isolating myself, when I am writing songs. Q: I have heard that you have been writing songs in the middle of nature. Why? A: The
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