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1 2007 IEEE e LAN VoIP U075-2

2 IEEE e LAN LAN IEEE ISM CSMA/CA (Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance) Dynamic TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access) IEEE e IEEE e QoS (Quality of Service) EDCA (Enhanced Distributed Channel Access) HCCA (Hybrid Coordination Function Controlled Channel Access) WMM (Wi-Fi Multimedia) TOS Type Of Service VoIP VoIP CODEC

3 3.6 VoIP MOS PSQM PESQ R VoIP : : Best Effort : : Best Effort

4 2.1 CSMA/CA CW AIFS TXOP R R

5 ITU-T G MOS IP Mbps R Mbps Mbps R Mbps Mbps Mbps EDCA Best Effort R Mbps

6 1 1.1 IP (Best Effort) ( ) QoS (Quality of Service) 1.2 QoS IEEE e LAN QoS VoIP QoS VoIP VoIP QoS 5

7 IEEE e IEEE e 3 VoIP (Voice over Internet Protocol) VoIP 4 VoIP EDCA IEEE e VoIP EDCA (QoS) 5 6

8 2 IEEE e LAN 2.1 LAN IEEE LAN IEEE Institute of Electrical Electronics Engineers 1990 IEEE Wireless LAN WG 1997 LAN IEEE IEEE ISM 3 1Mbps 2Mbps IEEE b IEEE b 11Mbps 54Mbps IEEE b IEEE g IEEE b 5GHz IEEE a 3 IEEE i QoS IEEE e IEEE n ISM ISM (industrial Scientific Medical) 900MHz ( MHz) 2.4GHz ( MHz) 5.7GHz ( MHz) 3 7

9 2 IEEE E LAN 2.4GHz LAN ISM CSMA/CA (Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance) CSMA/CD (Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection) CSMA/CA (Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance) CSMA/CA IFS = Inter Frame Space ACK ACK CSMA/CD 2.1: CSMA/CA 8

10 2 IEEE E LAN Dynamic TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access) TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access) 1 2 PDC GSM TDMA Dynamic TDMA TDMA 2.2 IEEE e IEEE e IEEE e IEEE( ) LAN 802 IEEE a IEEE b QoS QoS QoS EDCA CSMA/CA QoS HCCA Dynamic TDMA IEEE a IEEE b IEEE e 2.4GHz 5.2GHz QoS (Quality of Service) QoS ATM ( ) QoS QoS EDCA Enhanced Distributed Channel Access HCCA Hybrid Coordination Function Controlled Channel Access 2 IEEE e QoS 9

11 2 IEEE E LAN EDCA (Enhanced Distributed Channel Access) EDCA LAN CSMA/CA CSMA/CA EDCA EDCA 4 AC Access Category 4 AC-BK AC-BE AC-VI AC-VO CSMA/CA 3 AIFS Arbitration IFS CW Contention Window TXOP Transmission Oppotunity AIFS (Arbitration IFS) AIFS AIFS ms CW (Contention Window) CW (Contention Window) 10

12 2 IEEE E LAN 0 CW CW CWmin CWmax CWmin CW CWmax CW 2 CWmax TXOP (Transmission Opportunity) TXOP TXOP 0 1 ms 2 AckPolicy Ack ACM Admission Control Mandatory HCCA (Hybrid Coordination Function Controlled Channel Access) HCCA PCF Point Coordination Function QoS WMM (Wi-Fi Multimedia) Wi-Fi Alliance EDCA QoS IEEE e QoS WMM TOS Type Of Service EDCA TOS TOS 8 6 DSCP Differentiated Services Code Point Diffserv 11

13 3 VoIP 3.1 VoIP Voice over Internet Protocol IP VoIP IP IP 3.2 VoIP IP QoS (Quality of Service) QoS VoIP 3.3 VoIP (CODEC) IP 12

14 3 VOIP 3.4 CODEC Kbit/s 1 7Kbit/s 4 30Kbit/s

15 3 VOIP 3.1: G.711 G G.729A 64Kbit/s 5.3/6.3Kbit/s 8Kbit/s 160byte 20/24byte 20byte (IP,UDP,RTP) 40byte 40byte 40byte 20ms 30ms 20ms 80Kbit/s Kbit/s 24Kbit/s VoIP End-to-End 150ms 400ms ITU-T (International Telecommunication Union Telecommunication sector ) G : ITU-T G.114 (ms) CODEC CODEC 14

16 3 VOIP 1 RTP/UDP/IP IP 1 IP 1 IP ms 3.6 VoIP MOS ITU International Telecommunication Union P.800 MOS (Mean Opinion Score) 5 MOS MOS 15

17 3 VOIP 3.3: MOS 5 (Excellent) 4 (Good) 3 (Fair) 2 (Poor) 1 (Bad) PSQM ITU-T 1996 PSQM (Perceptual Speech Quality Measure) MOS PSQM MOS PSQM IP PSQM CODEC IP MOS PSQM IP PESQ 2001 ITU-T PSQM PESQ (Perceptual Evaluation of Speech Quality) IP PESQ PSQM IP PSQM PSQM PESQ 16

18 3 VOIP MOS PESQ MOS PSQM PESQ R PESQ IP R PESQ R ITU-T G.107 G.113 R E-model 20 TTC 17 R IP 050 C 3.4: IP R A B C ms ms ms R 2 1. R MOS ITU-T G.107 TTC (The Telecommunication Technology Committee 17

19 3 VOIP ) JJ R MOS R MOS MOS 2. IP ITU-T G.107 R IP ITU-T G.113 R R = R o I s I d I e + A R o I s I d I e A 18

20 4 VoIP W Z F A E IEEE b EDCA QoS IEEE e iperf UDP TOS IP Tables 19

21 4 VOIP 4.1: 4.1: A B C CPU Core 2 Duo U7500 Core 2 Duo T7250 Pentium M 2.0GHz 2.0GB 2.0GB 1.0GB OS Windows XP Professional Windows XP Professional Windows XP Professional D E F CPU Core 2 Duo T7250 Pentium M 1.8GHz 2.0GB 512MB OS Windows XP Professional Windows XP Professional W X Y Z CPU Core 2 Duo U7500 Core 2 Duo T7250 Pentium 3 800MHz 2.0GB 2.0GB 384MB OS Windows XP Professional Windows XP Professional Windows XP Professional 20

22 4 VOIP Astec Eyes for VoIP Version CODEC VoIP G R R CIAJ Communications and Information network Association of Japan IP (CES-Q003-1) 5 R : IEEE802.11e EDCA VoIP Voice R 60Kbps F E Voice W A X B Back Ground Y C Best Effort G D Video 4.2: 1 Mbps Video 5 10 Best Effort 10 5 Back Ground Mbps 21

23 4 VOIP Back Ground : 1 R Mbps Video 5 10 Best Effort 10 5 Back Ground R Best Effort 2 Best Effort 4.4 2: Best Effort Video 5Mbps Back Ground 55Mbps Best Effort 1 Voice R 60Kbps 4.4: 2 Mbps Video Best Effort Back Ground

24 4 VOIP : 2 R Mbps Video Best Effort Back Ground R Best Effort 4.5 3: Best Effort 4 IEEE802.11e Video Best Effort 1. Voice Video Back Ground 4.6: 3-1 Mbps Video Back Ground Voice Best Effort Back Ground 4.7: 3-2 Mbps Best Effort Back Ground

25 4 VOIP R Voice 60Kbps : Video Best Effort R 3 Best Effort IEEE802.11e EDCA Best Effort VoIP Best Effort Best Effort Web Best Effort Best Effort Best Effort EDCA EDCA 24

26 4 VOIP 4.7 4: Best Effort Best Effort Best Effort 3 EDCA : EDCA CWmin CWmax AIFS TXOP Voice Video Best Effort Back Ground Best Effort 2 Video 4 Back Ground : 4 Best Effort CWmin CWmax AIFS TXOP Best Effort Mbps R 4.10 R EDCA R IP 050 Best Effort R VoIP 25

27 4 VOIP 4.10: 4 R Mbps Video 2.5 Best Effort 2.5 Back Ground 55 R : CW 4.4: AIFS 26

28 4 VOIP 4.5: TXOP CW CW min = 15 AIFS TXOP R Best Effort R : 4 CWmin CWmax AIFS TXOP Best Effort : R R IP C 27

29 4 VOIP 4.7: R R R IEEE802.11e EDCA 28

30 5 5.1 IEEE e VoIP VoIP EDCA Best Effort EDCA IP skype VoIP VoIP IEEE e QoS QoS VoIP IEEE802.11e EDCA EDCA 5.2 Best Effort 29

31 5 UDP TCP UDP CODEC G CODEC QoS EDCA HCCA 30

32 NTT 11e TEAM GOTO LOVE 6 31

33 [1] ITU-T Recommendation G.107, The E-model, a computational model for use in transmission planning, March [2] ITU-T Recommendation G.113, Transmission impairments due to speech processing, February [3] ITU-T Recommendation G.114, One-way transmission time, March [4] ITU-T Recommendation G.723.1, Dual rate speech coder for multimedia communications transmitting at 5.3 and 6.3 kbit/s, February [5] ITU-T Recommendation P.800, Methods for subjective determination of transmission quality, August [6] ITU-T Recommendation P.861, Objective quality measurement of telephone-band ( Hz) speech codecs, February [7] ITU-T Recommendation P.862, Perceptual evaluation of speech quality (PESQ), an objective method for end-to-end speech quality assessment of narrowband telephone networks and speech codecs, February [8] W.R. Stevens,,, TCP/IP,, [9],,, TCP/IP ( ),, [10], QoS,, [11], IEEE802.11e VoIP, 2006, [12], IEEE802.11e VoIP, 2006,

34 [13], Diffserv, 2003, [14], DiffServ AF, 2003, [15], LAN, 2003, [16], UDP, 2003, [17], DiffServ VoIP, 2002,

SIP SDP(Session Description Protocol) RTSP(Real-time Streaming Protocol) RTP(Real-time Transport Protocol) IP 1 [1] 1: IP RTP(Real-Time RFC1889 Transf

SIP SDP(Session Description Protocol) RTSP(Real-time Streaming Protocol) RTP(Real-time Transport Protocol) IP 1 [1] 1: IP RTP(Real-Time RFC1889 Transf C4 [email protected] 1 IP 1.1 1. IP IP 2. 1.2 1.2.1 IP IP (Internet Protocol telephone) IP VoIP(Voice over Internet Protocol) IP IP (Network Access Control) IP IP (Call Control) (Terminal Control)