ha38. 3ha 35. 4ha 3. 4km 40ha B. C m 40m 2. 5m 4 5m b 14 3, 4, 5 2 a 2 a, 3 a 25m 10m 4 9 MH 52 68% 3 b 10 30cm 6,7, 8 JIS A12

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1 onitsuka@nkg-net.co.jp 2 hara@nkg-net.co.jp B. C Key Words: Yoshinogari burial mound, Chinese burial mounds, construction technique, Hanchiku, Sochiku, Taichiku 1. B. C B. C B. C B. C. 150 B. C a 7 25m

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11 6. B. C.1070 B. C. 221 B. C. 202 A. D. 220 B. C. 150 B. C. 108 B. C ) Onitsuka, K., Hara, Y., Lu, J., Tang, X. and Chen, P. : Roots in China of construction methods of ancient Yoshinogari burial mound, Proceedings of Special Session on Geo- Engineering for Conservation of Cultural Heritage and Historical Sites, 14AsianRegionalConference,ISSMGE, pp , Hong Kong, China, ) ) 33 pp , ) Vol. 44, No. 7, pp ) No. 736/ III 63, pp , ) ) ) ) Vol. 40, No. 1, pp. 1 6, ) Vol. 50, No. 9, pp , ) ) Vol. 50, No. 5, pp , ) Chen P., Tong P., Vol. 2, No. 4, pp , ) pp , ) pp. 4 15, ) pp. 1 14, ) Vol. 53, No. 3, pp ) ) V pp ) V pp , ) ) ) ) 4 pp , ) pp , ) Vol. 48, No. 8, pp , ) Vol. 50, No. 9, pp , ) Onitsuka, K., Lu, J., Tang, X., Hara, Y. and Kai, D. : Geotechnical characteristics and construction methods of 631

12 Yoshinogari fun kyu tomb in Japan and Tu dun tombs in China, J. Geotech. Eng., JSCE,No.736/III 63, pp. 1 17, ) 2005 pp , ) pp , ) ) 2005 pp , ) ) ) (10) ) I(1) pp , ) ) ) pp , ROOTS OF CONSTRUCTION TECHNIQUE OF ANCIENT YOSHINOGARI BURIAL MOUND AND ITS PROPAGATION Katsutada ONITSUKA and Yutaka HARA The ancient Yoshinogari burial mound (about B. C. 150) is the oldest large earth fill which is mainly constructed by Sochiku method. The construction technique of earth fill is classified as Taichiku, Sochiku and Hanchiku in the order from the lowest to the highest level. The Chinese burial mounds, namely Jiangnan burial mounds (B. C. 1, B. C. 221) and Shandong Peninsula burial mounds (B. C A. D. 220) and Yoshinogari burial mound are compared on various actual conditions such as the application of three construction techniques to the mounds and the location of burial matters in the mounds. Considering also the roots and propagations of other cultures and techniques, it is concluded that the construction technique of Jiangnan burial mounds propagated to the Shandong Peninsula burial mounds, and that the technique of Jiangnan or Shandong Peninsula burial mounds propagated to Yoshinogari, in northern Kyushu, Japan, through the sea, not through the Korean Peninsula. 632

;HgS 1998 ;Fe2O kg ; kg 1 Minami et al., S 33 S 34 S 36 S % 0.75% 4.21% S 34 S 34 S Ish

;HgS 1998 ;Fe2O kg ; kg 1 Minami et al., S 33 S 34 S 36 S % 0.75% 4.21% S 34 S 34 S Ish 237 243 2013 Chikyukagaku Geochemistry 237 243 2013 Identification of the sources of vermilion in the burial mounds of the Late Yayoi to Kofun periods in the coast of Japan Sea of western Japan using sulfur