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Gmech08.dvi

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SO(3) 49 u = Ru (6.9), i u iv i = i u iv i (C ) π π : G Hom(V, V ) : g D(g). π : R 3 V : i 1. : u u = u 1 u 2 u 3 (6.10) 6.2 i R α (1) = 0 cos α

SO(3) 48 6 SO(3) t 6.1 u, v u = u 1 1 + u 2 2 + u 3 3 = u 1 e 1 + u 2 e 2 + u 3 e 3, v = v 1 1 + v 2 2 + v 3 3 = v 1 e 1 + v 2 e 2 + v 3 e 3 (6.1) i (e i ) e i e j = i j = δ ij (6.2) ( u, v ) = u v = ij

4. ϵ(ν, T ) = c 4 u(ν, T ) ϵ(ν, T ) T ν π4 Planck dx = 0 e x 1 15 U(T ) x 3 U(T ) = σt 4 Stefan-Boltzmann σ 2π5 k 4 15c 2 h 3 = W m 2 K 4 5.

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199 1 1 199 1 1. Vx) m e V cos x π x π Vx) = x < π, x > π V i) x = Vx) V 1 x /)) n n d f dξ ξ d f dξ + n f = H n ξ) ii) H n ξ) = 1) n expξ ) dn dξ n exp ξ )) H n ξ)h m ξ) exp ξ )dξ = π n n!δ n,m x = Vx)

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高知工科大学電子 光システム工学科

卒業研究報告 題 目 量子力学に基づいた水素分子の分子軌道法的取り扱いと Hamiltonian 近似法 指導教員 山本哲也 報告者 山中昭徳 平成 14 年 月 5 日 高知工科大学電子 光システム工学科. 3. 4.1 4. 4.3 4.5 6.6 8.7 10.8 11.9 1.10 1 3. 13 3.113 3. 13 3.3 13 3.4 14 3.5 15 3.6 15 3.7 17

18 I ( ) (1) I-1,I-2,I-3 (2) (3) I-1 ( ) (100 ) θ ϕ θ ϕ m m l l θ ϕ θ ϕ 2 g (1) (2) 0 (3) θ ϕ (4) (3) θ(t) = A 1 cos(ω 1 t + α 1 ) + A 2 cos(ω 2 t + α

18 I ( ) (1) I-1,I-2,I-3 (2) (3) I-1 ( ) (100 ) θ ϕ θ ϕ m m l l θ ϕ θ ϕ 2 g (1) (2) 0 (3) θ ϕ (4) (3) θ(t) = A 1 cos(ω 1 t + α 1 ) + A 2 cos(ω 2 t + α 2 ), ϕ(t) = B 1 cos(ω 1 t + α 1 ) + B 2 cos(ω 2 t

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3 3. 3.. H H = H + V (t), V (t) = gµ B α B e e iωt i t Ψ(t) = [H + V (t)]ψ(t) Φ(t) Ψ(t) = e iht Φ(t) H e iht Φ(t) + ie iht t Φ(t) = [H + V (t)]e iht Φ(t) Φ(t) i t Φ(t) = V H(t)Φ(t), V H (t) = e iht V (t)e

K E N Z U 01 7 16 HP M. 1 1 4 1.1 3.......................... 4 1.................................... 4 1..1..................................... 4 1...................................... 5................................

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SFG 1 SFG SFG I SFG (ω) χ SFG (ω). SFG χ χ SFG (ω) = χ NR e iϕ +. ω ω + iγ SFG φ = ±π/, χ φ = ±π 3 χ SFG χ SFG = χ NR + χ (ω ω ) + Γ + χ NR χ (ω ω ) (ω ω ) + Γ cosϕ χ NR χ Γ (ω ω ) + Γ sinϕ. 3 (θ) 180

m(ẍ + γẋ + ω 0 x) = ee (2.118) e iωt P(ω) = χ(ω)e = ex = e2 E(ω) m ω0 2 ω2 iωγ (2.119) Z N ϵ(ω) ϵ 0 = 1 + Ne2 m j f j ω 2 j ω2 iωγ j (2.120)

2.6 2.6.1 mẍ + γẋ + ω 0 x) = ee 2.118) e iωt Pω) = χω)e = ex = e2 Eω) m ω0 2 ω2 iωγ 2.119) Z N ϵω) ϵ 0 = 1 + Ne2 m j f j ω 2 j ω2 iωγ j 2.120) Z ω ω j γ j f j f j f j sum j f j = Z 2.120 ω ω j, γ ϵω) ϵ

Gauss Gauss ɛ 0 E ds = Q (1) xy σ (x, y, z) (2) a ρ(x, y, z) = x 2 + y 2 (r, θ, φ) (1) xy A Gauss ɛ 0 E ds = ɛ 0 EA Q = ρa ɛ 0 EA = ρea E = (ρ/ɛ 0 )e

7 -a 7 -a February 4, 2007 1. 2. 3. 4. 1. 2. 3. 1 Gauss Gauss ɛ 0 E ds = Q (1) xy σ (x, y, z) (2) a ρ(x, y, z) = x 2 + y 2 (r, θ, φ) (1) xy A Gauss ɛ 0 E ds = ɛ 0 EA Q = ρa ɛ 0 EA = ρea E = (ρ/ɛ 0 )e z

液晶の物理１：連続体理論（弾性，粘性）

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QMII_10.dvi

65 1 1.1 1.1.1 1.1 H H () = E (), (1.1) H ν () = E ν () ν (). (1.) () () = δ, (1.3) μ () ν () = δ(μ ν). (1.4) E E ν () E () H 1.1: H α(t) = c (t) () + dνc ν (t) ν (), (1.5) H () () + dν ν () ν () = 1 (1.6)

i E B Maxwell Maxwell Newton Newton Schrödinger Newton Maxwell Kepler Maxwell Maxwell B H B ii Newton i 1 1.1.......................... 1 1.2 Coulomb.......................... 2 1.3.........................

4 2 Rutherford 89 Rydberg λ = R ( n 2 ) n 2 n = n +,n +2, n = Lyman n =2 Balmer n =3 Paschen R Rydberg R = cm 896 Zeeman Zeeman Zeeman Lorentz

2 Rutherford 2. Rutherford N. Bohr Rutherford 859 Kirchhoff Bunsen 86 Maxwell Maxwell 885 Balmer λ Balmer λ = 364.56 n 2 n 2 4 Lyman, Paschen 3 nm, n =3, 4, 5, 4 2 Rutherford 89 Rydberg λ = R ( n 2 ) n

SO(3) 7 = = 1 ( r ) + 1 r r r r ( l ) (5.17) l = 1 ( sin θ ) + sin θ θ θ ϕ (5.18) χ(r)ψ(θ, ϕ) l ψ = αψ (5.19) l 1 = i(sin ϕ θ l = i( cos ϕ θ l 3 = i ϕ

SO(3) 71 5.7 5.7.1 1 ħ L k l k l k = iϵ kij x i j (5.117) l k SO(3) l z l ± = l 1 ± il = i(y z z y ) ± (z x x z ) = ( x iy) z ± z( x ± i y ) = X ± z ± z (5.118) l z = i(x y y x ) = 1 [(x + iy)( x i y )

A = A x x + A y y + A, B = B x x + B y y + B, C = C x x + C y y + C..6 x y A B C = A x x + A y y + A B x B y B C x C y C { B = A x x + A y y + A y B B

9 7 A = A x x + A y y + A, B = B x x + B y y + B, C = C x x + C y y + C..6 x y A B C = A x x + A y y + A B x B y B C x C y C { B = A x x + A y y + A y B B x x B } B C y C y + x B y C x C C x C y B = A

. ev=,604k m 3 Debye ɛ 0 kt e λ D = n e n e Ze 4 ln Λ ν ei = 5.6π / ɛ 0 m/ e kt e /3 ν ei v e H + +e H ev Saha x x = 3/ πme kt g i g e n

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Aharonov-Bohm(AB) S 0 1/ 2 1/ 2 S t = 1/ 2 1/2 1/2 1/, (12.1) 2 1/2 1/2 *1 AB ( ) 0 e iθ AB S AB = e iθ, AB 0 θ 2π ϕ = e ϕ (ϕ ) ϕ

1 13 6 8 3.6.3 - Aharonov-BohmAB) S 1/ 1/ S t = 1/ 1/ 1/ 1/, 1.1) 1/ 1/ *1 AB ) e iθ AB S AB = e iθ, AB θ π ϕ = e ϕ ϕ ) ϕ 1.) S S ) e iθ S w = e iθ 1.3) θ θ AB??) S t = 4 sin θ 1 + e iθ AB e iθ AB + e

ω 0 m(ẍ + γẋ + ω0x) 2 = ee (2.118) e iωt x = e 1 m ω0 2 E(ω). (2.119) ω2 iωγ Z N P(ω) = χ(ω)e = exzn (2.120) ϵ = ϵ 0 (1 + χ) ϵ(ω) ϵ 0 = 1 +

2.6 2.6.1 ω 0 m(ẍ + γẋ + ω0x) 2 = ee (2.118) e iωt x = e 1 m ω0 2 E(ω). (2.119) ω2 iωγ Z N P(ω) = χ(ω)e = exzn (2.120) ϵ = ϵ 0 (1 + χ) ϵ(ω) ϵ 0 = 1 + Ne2 m j f j ω 2 j ω2 iωγ j (2.121) Z ω ω j γ j f j

The Physics of Atmospheres CAPTER :

The Physics of Atmospheres CAPTER 4 1 4 2 41 : 2 42 14 43 17 44 25 45 27 46 3 47 31 48 32 49 34 41 35 411 36 maintex 23/11/28 The Physics of Atmospheres CAPTER 4 2 4 41 : 2 1 σ 2 (21) (22) k I = I exp(

No δs δs = r + δr r = δr (3) δs δs = r r = δr + u(r + δr, t) u(r, t) (4) δr = (δx, δy, δz) u i (r + δr, t) u i (r, t) = u i x j δx j (5) δs 2

No.2 1 2 2 δs δs = r + δr r = δr (3) δs δs = r r = δr + u(r + δr, t) u(r, t) (4) δr = (δx, δy, δz) u i (r + δr, t) u i (r, t) = u i δx j (5) δs 2 = δx i δx i + 2 u i δx i δx j = δs 2 + 2s ij δx i δx j

I ( ) 1 de Broglie 1 (de Broglie) p λ k h Planck ( Js) p = h λ = k (1) h 2π : Dirac k B Boltzmann ( J/K) T U = 3 2 k BT

I (008 4 0 de Broglie (de Broglie p λ k h Planck ( 6.63 0 34 Js p = h λ = k ( h π : Dirac k B Boltzmann (.38 0 3 J/K T U = 3 k BT ( = λ m k B T h m = 0.067m 0 m 0 = 9. 0 3 kg GaAs( a T = 300 K 3 fg 07345

II No.01 [n/2] [1]H n (x) H n (x) = ( 1) r n! r!(n 2r)! (2x)n 2r. r=0 [2]H n (x) n,, H n ( x) = ( 1) n H n (x). [3] H n (x) = ( 1) n dn x2 e dx n e x2

II No.1 [n/] [1]H n x) H n x) = 1) r n! r!n r)! x)n r r= []H n x) n,, H n x) = 1) n H n x) [3] H n x) = 1) n dn x e dx n e x [4] H n+1 x) = xh n x) nh n 1 x) ) d dx x H n x) = H n+1 x) d dx H nx) = nh

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5,, Euclid.,..,... Euclid,.,.,, e i (i =,, ). 6 x a x e e e x.:,,. a,,. a a = a e + a e + a e = {e, e, e } a (.) = a i e i = a i e i (.) i= {a,a,a } T ( T ),.,,,,. (.),.,...,,. a 0 0 a = a 0 + a + a 0

微分積分 サンプルページ この本の定価 判型などは, 以下の URL からご覧いただけます. このサンプルページの内容は, 初版 1 刷発行時のものです.

微分積分 サンプルページ この本の定価 判型などは, 以下の URL からご覧いただけます. ttp://www.morikita.co.jp/books/mid/00571 このサンプルページの内容は, 初版 1 刷発行時のものです. i ii 014 10 iii [note] 1 3 iv 4 5 3 6 4 x 0 sin x x 1 5 6 z = f(x, y) 1 y = f(x)

量子力学 問題

3 : 203 : 0. H = 0 0 2 6 0 () = 6, 2 = 2, 3 = 3 3 H 6 2 3 ϵ,2,3 (2) ψ = (, 2, 3 ) ψ Hψ H (3) P i = i i P P 2 = P 2 P 3 = P 3 P = O, P 2 i = P i (4) P + P 2 + P 3 = E 3 (5) i ϵ ip i H 0 0 (6) R = 0 0 [H,

Einstein 1905 Lorentz Maxwell c E p E 2 (pc) 2 = m 2 c 4 (7.1) m E ( ) E p µ =(p 0,p 1,p 2,p 3 )=(p 0, p )= c, p (7.2) x µ =(x 0,x 1,x 2,x

7 7.1 7.1.1 Einstein 1905 Lorentz Maxwell c E p E 2 (pc) 2 = m 2 c 4 (7.1) m E ( ) E p µ =(p 0,p 1,p 2,p 3 )=(p 0, p )= c, p (7.2) x µ =(x 0,x 1,x 2,x 3 )=(x 0, x )=(ct, x ) (7.3) E/c ct K = E mc 2 (7.4)

120 9 I I 1 I 2 I 1 I 2 ( a) ( b) ( c ) I I 2 I 1 I ( d) ( e) ( f ) 9.1: Ampère (c) (d) (e) S I 1 I 2 B ds = µ 0 ( I 1 I 2 ) I 1 I 2 B ds =0. I 1 I 2

9 E B 9.1 9.1.1 Ampère Ampère Ampère s law B S µ 0 B ds = µ 0 j ds (9.1) S rot B = µ 0 j (9.2) S Ampère Biot-Savart oulomb Gauss Ampère rot B 0 Ampère µ 0 9.1 (a) (b) I B ds = µ 0 I. I 1 I 2 B ds = µ 0

1 filename=mathformula tex 1 ax 2 + bx + c = 0, x = b ± b 2 4ac, (1.1) 2a x 1 + x 2 = b a, x 1x 2 = c a, (1.2) ax 2 + 2b x + c = 0, x = b ± b 2

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9 1. (Ti:Al 2 O 3 ) (DCM) (Cr:Al 2 O 3 ) (Cr:BeAl 2 O 4 ) Ĥ0 ψ n (r) ω n Schrödinger Ĥ 0 ψ n (r) = ω n ψ n (r), (1) ω i ψ (r, t) = [Ĥ0 + Ĥint (

9 1. (Ti:Al 2 O 3 ) (DCM) (Cr:Al 2 O 3 ) (Cr:BeAl 2 O 4 ) 2. 2.1 Ĥ ψ n (r) ω n Schrödinger Ĥ ψ n (r) = ω n ψ n (r), (1) ω i ψ (r, t) = [Ĥ + Ĥint (t)] ψ (r, t), (2) Ĥ int (t) = eˆxe cos ωt ˆdE cos ωt, (3)

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(1.2) T D = 0 T = D = 30 kn 1.2 (1.4) 2F W = 0 F = W/2 = 300 kn/2 = 150 kn 1.3 (1.9) R = W 1 + W 2 = = 1100 N. (1.9) W 2 b W 1 a = 0

1 1 1.1 1.) T D = T = D = kn 1. 1.4) F W = F = W/ = kn/ = 15 kn 1. 1.9) R = W 1 + W = 6 + 5 = 11 N. 1.9) W b W 1 a = a = W /W 1 )b = 5/6) = 5 cm 1.4 AB AC P 1, P x, y x, y y x 1.4.) P sin 6 + P 1 sin 45

, 3, 6 = 3, 3,,,, 3,, 9, 3, 9, 3, 3, 4, 43, 4, 3, 9, 6, 6,, 0 p, p, p 3,..., p n N = p p p 3 p n + N p n N p p p, p 3,..., p n p, p,..., p n N, 3,,,,

6,,3,4,, 3 4 8 6 6................................. 6.................................. , 3, 6 = 3, 3,,,, 3,, 9, 3, 9, 3, 3, 4, 43, 4, 3, 9, 6, 6,, 0 p, p, p 3,..., p n N = p p p 3 p n + N p n N p p p,

chap10.dvi

. q {y j } I( ( L y j =Δy j = u j = C l ε j l = C(L ε j, {ε j } i.i.d.(,i q ( l= y O p ( {u j } q {C l } A l C l

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Gmech08.dvi

145 13 13.1 13.1.1 0 m mg S 13.1 F 13.1 F /m S F F 13.1 F mg S F F mg 13.1: m d2 r 2 = F + F = 0 (13.1) 146 13 F = F (13.2) S S S S S P r S P r r = r 0 + r (13.3) r 0 S S m d2 r 2 = F (13.4) (13.3) d 2

( ) s n (n = 0, 1,...) n n = δ nn n n = I n=0 ψ = n C n n (1) C n = n ψ α = e 1 2 α 2 n=0 α, β α n n! n (2) β α = e 1 2 α 2 1

(3.5 3.8) 03032s 2006.7.0 n (n = 0,,...) n n = δ nn n n = I n=0 ψ = n C n n () C n = n ψ α = e 2 α 2 n=0 α, β α n n (2) β α = e 2 α 2 2 β 2 n=0 =0 = e 2 α 2 β n α 2 β 2 n=0 = e 2 α 2 2 β 2 +β α β n α!

note5.dvi

11 01664 5 0 (quantum ot) f f = 0,1,,3 D f (E) m 3 D 3 (E) = E, π 3 D (E) = m π H(E), D 1 (E) = 1 m π E, D 0 (E) = δ(e) (5.1a) (5.1b) (5.1c) (5.1) E = 0 5.1 ( ) 3 f f 1 f 0 f D(E) D(E) D(E) D(E) E E E

18 2 F 12 r 2 r 1 (3) Coulomb km Coulomb M = kg F G = ( ) ( ) ( ) 2 = [N]. Coulomb

r 1 r 2 r 1 r 2 2 Coulomb Gauss Coulomb 2.1 Coulomb 1 2 r 1 r 2 1 2 F 12 2 1 F 21 F 12 = F 21 = 1 4πε 0 1 2 r 1 r 2 2 r 1 r 2 r 1 r 2 (2.1) Coulomb ε 0 = 107 4πc 2 =8.854 187 817 10 12 C 2 N 1 m 2 (2.2)

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(1) D = [0, 1] [1, 2], (2x y)dxdy = D = = (2) D = [1, 2] [2, 3], (x 2 y + y 2 )dxdy = D = = (3) D = [0, 1] [ 1, 2], 1 {

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1 (Berry,1975) 2-6 p (S πr 2 )p πr 2 p 2πRγ p p = 2γ R (2.5).1-1 : : : : ( ).2 α, β α, β () X S = X X α X β (.1) 1 2

2005 9/8-11 2 2.2 ( 2-5) γ ( ) γ cos θ 2πr πρhr 2 g h = 2γ cos θ ρgr (2.1) γ = ρgrh (2.2) 2 cos θ θ cos θ = 1 (2.2) γ = 1 ρgrh (2.) 2 2. p p ρgh p ( ) p p = p ρgh (2.) h p p = 2γ r 1 1 (Berry,1975) 2-6

note4.dvi

10 016 6 0 4 (quantum wire) 4.1 4.1.1.6.1, 4.1(a) V Q N dep ( ) 4.1(b) w σ E z (d) E z (d) = σ [ ( ) ( )] x w/ x+w/ π+arctan arctan πǫǫ 0 d d (4.1) à ƒq [ƒg w ó R w d V( x) QŽŸŒ³ džq x (a) (b) 4.1 (a)

128 3 II S 1, S 2 Φ 1, Φ 2 Φ 1 = { B( r) n( r)}ds S 1 Φ 2 = { B( r) n( r)}ds (3.3) S 2 S S 1 +S 2 { B( r) n( r)}ds = 0 (3.4) S 1, S 2 { B( r) n( r)}ds

127 3 II 3.1 3.1.1 Φ(t) ϕ em = dφ dt (3.1) B( r) Φ = { B( r) n( r)}ds (3.2) S S n( r) Φ 128 3 II S 1, S 2 Φ 1, Φ 2 Φ 1 = { B( r) n( r)}ds S 1 Φ 2 = { B( r) n( r)}ds (3.3) S 2 S S 1 +S 2 { B( r) n( r)}ds

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Radiation from moving charges#1 Liénard-Wiechert potential Yuji Chinone 1 Maxwell Maxwell MKS E (x, t) + B (x, t) t = 0 (1) B (x, t) = 0 (2) B (x, t)

Radiation from moving harges# Liénard-Wiehert potential Yuji Chinone Maxwell Maxwell MKS E x, t + B x, t = B x, t = B x, t E x, t = µ j x, t 3 E x, t = ε ρ x, t 4 ε µ ε µ = E B ρ j A x, t φ x, t A x, t

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本文／目次（裏白）

0406_total.pdf

59 7 7.1 σ-ω σ-ω σ ω σ = σ(r), ω µ = δ µ,0 ω(r) (6-4) (iγ µ µ m U(r) γ 0 V (r))ψ(x) = 0 (7-1) U(r) = g σ σ(r), V (r) = g ω ω(r) σ(r) ω(r) (6-3) ( 2 + m 2 σ)σ(r) = g σ ψψ (7-2) ( 2 + m 2 ω)ω(r) = g ω ψγ

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63 6 6.1 6.1.1 v = v 0 =v 0x,v 0y, 0) t =0 x 0,y 0, 0) t x x 0 + v 0x t v x v 0x = y = y 0 + v 0y t, v = v y = v 0y 6.1) z 0 0 v z yv z zv y zv x xv z xv y yv x = 0 0 x 0 v 0y y 0 v 0x 6.) 6.) 6.1) 6.)

p = mv p x > h/4π λ = h p m v Ψ 2 Ψ

II p = mv p x > h/4π λ = h p m v Ψ 2 Ψ Ψ Ψ 2 0 x P'(x) m d 2 x = mω 2 x = kx = F(x) dt 2 x = cos(ωt + φ) mω 2 = k ω = m k v = dx = -ωsin(ωt + φ) dt = d 2 x dt 2 0 y v θ P(x,y) θ = ωt + φ ν = ω [Hz] 2π

) a + b = i + 6 b c = 6i j ) a = 0 b = c = 0 ) â = i + j 0 ˆb = 4) a b = b c = j + ) cos α = cos β = 6) a ˆb = b ĉ = 0 7) a b = 6i j b c = i + 6j + 8)

4 4 ) a + b = i + 6 b c = 6i j ) a = 0 b = c = 0 ) â = i + j 0 ˆb = 4) a b = b c = j + ) cos α = cos β = 6) a ˆb = b ĉ = 0 7) a b = 6i j b c = i + 6j + 8) a b a b = 6i j 4 b c b c 9) a b = 4 a b) c = 7

1 1.1 ( ). z = a + bi, a, b R 0 a, b 0 a 2 + b 2 0 z = a + bi = ( ) a 2 + b 2 a a 2 + b + b 2 a 2 + b i 2 r = a 2 + b 2 θ cos θ = a a 2 + b 2, sin θ =

1 1.1 ( ). z = + bi,, b R 0, b 0 2 + b 2 0 z = + bi = ( ) 2 + b 2 2 + b + b 2 2 + b i 2 r = 2 + b 2 θ cos θ = 2 + b 2, sin θ = b 2 + b 2 2π z = r(cos θ + i sin θ) 1.2 (, ). 1. < 2. > 3. ±,, 1.3 ( ). A

I-2 (100 ) (1) y(x) y dy dx y d2 y dx 2 (a) y + 2y 3y = 9e 2x (b) x 2 y 6y = 5x 4 (2) Bernoulli B n (n = 0, 1, 2,...) x e x 1 = n=0 B 0 B 1 B 2 (3) co

16 I ( ) (1) I-1 I-2 I-3 (2) I-1 ( ) (100 ) 2l x x = 0 y t y(x, t) y(±l, t) = 0 m T g y(x, t) l y(x, t) c = 2 y(x, t) c 2 2 y(x, t) = g (A) t 2 x 2 T/m (1) y 0 (x) y 0 (x) = g c 2 (l2 x 2 ) (B) (2) (1)

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卒業研究報告 題 目 Hamiltonian 指導教員 山本哲也教授 報告者 汐月康則 平成 14 年 2 月 5 日 1

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第90回日本感染症学会学術講演会抄録（I）

日本内科学会雑誌第102巻第4号

July 28, H H 0 H int = H H 0 H int = H int (x)d 3 x Schrödinger Picture Ψ(t) S =e iht Ψ H O S Heisenberg Picture Ψ H O H (t) =e iht O S e i

July 8, 4. H H H int H H H int H int (x)d 3 x Schrödinger Picture Ψ(t) S e iht Ψ H O S Heisenberg Picture Ψ H O H (t) e iht O S e iht Interaction Picture Ψ(t) D e iht Ψ(t) S O D (t) e iht O S e ih t (Dirac

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4 213 5 8 4.1.1 () f A exp( E/k B ) f E = A [ k B exp E ] = f k B k B = f (2 E /3n). 1 k B /2 σ = e 2 τ(e)d(e) 2E 3nf 3m 2 E de = ne2 τ E m (4.1) E E τ E = τe E = / τ(e)e 3/2 f de E 3/2 f de (4.2) f (3.2)

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d M d t = γ M H + α M d M d t M γ [ 1/ ( Oe sec) ] α γ γ = gµ B h g g µ B h / π γ g = γ = 1.76 10 [ 7 1/ ( Oe sec) ] α α = λ γ λ λ λ α γ α α H α = γ H ω ω H α α H K K H K / M 1 1 > 0 α 1 M > 0 γ α γ =

Onsager SOLUTION OF THE EIGENWERT PROBLEM (O-29) V = e H A e H B λ max Z 2 Onsager (O-77) (O-82) (O-83) Kramers-Wannier 1 1 Ons

Onsager 2 9 207.2.7 3 SOLUTION OF THE EIGENWERT PROBLEM O-29 V = e H A e H B λ max Z 2 OnsagerO-77O-82 O-83 2 Kramers-Wannier Onsager * * * * * V self-adjoint V = V /2 V V /2 = V /2 V 2 V /2 = 2 sinh 2H

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64 3 g=9.85 m/s 2 g=9.791 m/s 2 36, km ( ) 1 () 2 () m/s : : a) b) kg/m kg/m k

63 3 Section 3.1 g 3.1 3.1: : 64 3 g=9.85 m/s 2 g=9.791 m/s 2 36, km ( ) 1 () 2 () 3 9.8 m/s 2 3.2 3.2: : a) b) 5 15 4 1 1. 1 3 14. 1 3 kg/m 3 2 3.3 1 3 5.8 1 3 kg/m 3 3 2.65 1 3 kg/m 3 4 6 m 3.1. 65 5

x () g(x) = f(t) dt f(x), F (x) 3x () g(x) g (x) f(x), F (x) (3) h(x) = x 3x tf(t) dt.9 = {(x, y) ; x, y, x + y } f(x, y) = xy( x y). h (x) f(x), F (x

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I 1 m 2 l k 2 x = 0 x 1 x 1 2 x 2 g x x 2 x 1 m k m 1-1. L x 1, x 2, ẋ 1, ẋ 2 ẋ 1 x = 0 1-2. 2 Q = x 1 + x 2 2 q = x 2 x 1 l L Q, q, Q, q M = 2m µ = m 2 1-3. Q q 1-4. 2 x 2 = h 1 x 1 t = 0 2 1 t x 1 (t)

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.3.2 3.3.2 Spherical Coorinates.5: Laplace 2 V = r 2 r 2 x = r cos φ sin θ, y = r sin φ sin θ, z = r cos θ.93 r 2 sin θ sin θ θ θ r 2 sin 2 θ 2 V =.94 2.94 z V φ Laplace r 2 r 2 r 2 sin θ.96.95 V r 2 R

7 π L int = gψ(x)ψ(x)φ(x) + (7.4) [ ] p ψ N = n (7.5) π (π +,π 0,π ) ψ (σ, σ, σ )ψ ( A) σ τ ( L int = gψψφ g N τ ) N π * ) (7.6) π π = (π, π, π ) π ±

7 7. ( ) SU() SU() 9 ( MeV) p 98.8 π + π 0 n 99.57 9.57 97.4 497.70 δm m 0.4%.% 0.% 0.8% π 9.57 4.96 Σ + Σ 0 Σ 89.6 9.46 K + K 0 49.67 (7.) p p = αp + βn, n n = γp + δn (7.a) [ ] p ψ ψ = Uψ, U = n [ α

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