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1
2 Barro Regression
3 Does social capital improve regional economic growth? - Investigation using prefectural cross-sectional data in Japan - Abstract The purpose of this research is to empirically examine the relationship between social capital and regional economic growth using prefectural data in Japan. The concept of social capital has been increasingly discussed in recent literature, however, research on social capital has just started in Japan. There is no established technique to measure social capital quantitatively. In this research, I measure the level of social capital by the index of trust and the index of norm. These indices are thought to be the main components of social capital because they promote cooperation among community members. Making use of these indices, I conduct an empirical test using Barro Regression method, which is often used in empirical studies on cross-country economic growth differences. I find that the norm index has a positive impact on regional economic growth, while the trust index does not. The finding suggests that social capital improves the regional economic growth in Japan and policy makers should take into consideration the positive effect from social capital to stimulate the regional economy. Key Words: social capital, trust, norm, regional economic growth
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5 Putnam1993 Putnam 1,2 Putnam Knack and Keefer(1997) Coase Williamson 3 1 (2000) 2 (2004) 3 Milgrom and Roberts(1992)
6 4 4 Putnam (2003) Barro Regression Barro Regression D GDP Putnam 4 (2004)
7
8 5 La Porta et al.(1997) Knack and Keefer(1997) World Values Surveys 1000 Knack and Keefer 29 Barro Regression Social Capital Initiative 11
9 Putnam 6 6 web ,878 web 2,000
10 Barro Regression Barro Regression GDP P ( ) ( ln y ln y ) = c + y + β x + β x + + β x u 1 T T 0 λ ln n n + yt T GDP y0 0 GDP c x1 x 2 x n u 7 Barro(1991) Barro Regression
11 2003 Barro Regression (2001) NHK Knack and Keefer(1997) 9 Barro(1997) 10 NHK 900 ( ) 42, ,620
12 11 (2003) (2003)
13 (2003) (2003) (2003) (1)(2)(3) GDP GDP Barro. and Sala-i-Martin(1995)(2000)(2000)
14 (4) (5) GDP GDP Barro regression 16 (6) Shioji(2001) (7) (8) Sala-i-Martin(1997)(2001) 17
15 (9) (10) GDP 18 (11) DID (1999)(1980) (1980)(1980) 18
16 (2003) Putnam(1993) 19 Knack and Keefer 19 Fukuyama(1995)
17 Putnam Knack and Keefer 20 Barro Regression Putnam 20 (2001) (p.10) (2004)
18 21 21 (2004)NPO
19 (1) (2) GDP (3) 15 (4) Shioji(2001) ij ( A A ) S ln / jt j At t Ajt t j Sij t i j (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) 1980
20 (10) (11) GDP
21 NHK 12 = i C i C i = 1 Di n i σ n = 1 D i σ D i n47 94
22
23
24 - 20 -
25
26 Barro,Robert,J.(1991) Economic Growth in a Cross Section of Countries Quartely Journal of Economics 106,2,pp Barro,Robert.J. and Xavier Sala-i-Martin(1995) Economic Growth, McGraw-Hill,1997,1998 Barro,Robert.J.(1997) Determinants of Economic Growth, MIT Press, Cambridge, Mass,2001 Fukuyama,Francis(1995) Trust:The social Virtues and the Creation of Prosperity, Free Press,1996 Knack,Stephen and Keefer,Philip(1997) Does Social Capital have an Economic Payoff? : Cross-Country Investigation The Quarterly Journal of Economics, November,112(4),pp La Porta,R.,Lopez-Silanes,F.,Shleifer,A.and Vishny,R.(1997) Trust in Large Organizations American Economic Review,87,2,pp Mankiw,N.Gregory,David Romer, and David N.Weil(1992) A Contribution to the Empirics of Economic Growth Quarterly Journal of Economics 107, 2, pp Putnam.Robert(1993) Making Democracy Work,Princeton,NJ:Princeton University PressNTT 2001 Paul,Milgrom and John,Roberts(1992) Economics,Organization and Management,Englewood Cliffs,New Jersey 07632:Prentice-Hall, NTT 2001 Shioji,Etsuro(2001) Public Capital and Economic GrowthA Convergence Approach Journal of Economic Growth, vol6, pp (2002) (2000) β Convergence vol.15 (2000) (2002) (2001) 2000 (2001) 54 (2003)
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