(Bulletin of FFPRI) Vol.17 No.1 (No.445) 1-33 March 2018 1 総 説 (Review article) 我が国の製材規格と許容応力度の変遷 1 1. f b f c f t f s f cv F b F c F t F s F cv 23 1948 f b f c f t f s f cv kg/cm 2 kgf/cm 2 2. 39 12 1906 1937 8 1919 4 4 37 9 1920 9 29 438 11 9 37 102 39 1906 2 1913 1982 17 40 1987a, b 32 1899 lb/in 2 3 6 kgf/cm 2 5 Table 1 1990a 1906 29 5 19 29 9 19 1) * 305-8687 1 2017 3 19
2 800 lb/in 2 5,000 12,000 lb/in 2 1/10 800 lb/in 2 800 lb/in 2 800 lb/in 2 1987a, b 1989, 1990a 102 Table 2 1985 AWCOM 1977a, b, c, d, e, f, g AWCOM 102 Table 2 3 1 f c f t f b f s 1/10 108 P Af c 1 0.02 l/d P A f c 102 l d 1990b 17 12 1937 6 21 25 1937 Table 3 1977b 1 3 3 8 1 19 f c f c f t f b f s 0.1f c 1.2f c f t f b f s 0.12f c1.4f c f t f b f s 0.15f c 1937 f cv f cv 0.5f cf cv 0.7f c 1938a 3 1914 1914 F 0.9 1938b 0.6 0.5 17 1, 2018
3 0.85 3 R/ R 3/ 0.9 0.6 0.85 6.5 R 3/ 0.9 0.5 0.85 8 Table 4 15 1926 10 26 30 JES: Japanese Engineering Standard 1989 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 3 2 70 3 1943 1989 3. 12 19 1937 1944 12 1937 13 14 12 9 92 2 14 9 27 45 1989 10 13 367 1989, 1943 1989 1989 1 2 3 3 1 2 2 1 2 3 3 2 3 1 15 1940 10 87 3 66 1989 16 1941 321 18 1943 469 Bulletin of FFPRI, Vol.17, No.1, 2018
4 4 19 1944 7 825 20 8 1989 14 1939 19 1944 8 532 533 1944 58 712 3 19 8 9 1944 Table 5 6 1937 102 Table 3 f c f t f b 2 f s 1.4 1.6 2 f s 2 Table 5 f cv 1/3f c 1/4f c 1/2f c 0 10 f c 70 90 f cv 10 70 f k 100 f k f c 0.007 100 f k 0.3f c/ /100 2 20 f c f k 4. 21 24 1946 1949 21 1946 5 22 532 533 22 1947 3 3001 23 1948 4 30 1 2 Table 7 533 f s 23 1948 12 30 3001 1948 2 532 533 1 2 2 2 250 kgf/cm 2 350 kgf/cm 2 350 kgf/ cm 2 450 kgf/cm 2 0.6 0.5 2/3 250 0.6 2/3 100 kgf/cm 2 120 kgf/cm 2 140 kgf/cm 2 150 kgf/cm 2 1937 1.7 1.7 2.0 1937 2 f s 1937 7 5 8 6 9 7 kgf/cm 2 17 1, 2018
5 1944 20 30 cm 0 cm 1/4 250 350 kgf/cm 2 15 21 kgf/cm 2 2/3 10 14 kgf/cm 2 f s 1/8 50 1/5 1/5 P Af c 1 0.02 l/d l/d 22 1947 11 28 1947 19 8 9 1944 1 1 3001 Table 8 24 1949 3 10 1949 5. 25 36 1950 1961 25 1950 5 24 201 11 16 89 23 1948 8 210 8 239 1989 25 1950 5 11 175 JAS 28 1953 11 10 769 34 1959 1 1 36 1961 1 1 33 1958 35 1960 7 30 694 1960, 1960 3 1960 Bulletin of FFPRI, Vol.17, No.1, 2018
6 33 1958 11 1960 34 1959 12 4 344 89 Table 9 3 3 2 2 2 36 1961 1961 22 1947 2 1961 1961 Table 10 13 2 89 2 JASS11 1962 89 89 1962 89 2 0F Table 14 Sf 0F 2/3 1 Lf Sf 2 Sf: Lf: 0F: Table 14 Table 14 : : 1 0F 2/3 17 1, 2018
7 2/3 0F 1/3.5 k k k w k g k k k w k g 3 k k k w k g 1971 I II Table 15 Lf 0.5 0.6 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.5 0.75 0.5 1962 6. 36 48 1961 1973 35 1960 36 1961 6 15 620 40 1965 3 26 406 40 1965 JAS JAS JAS 1965 JAS 1968 42 1967 12 8 1840 1841 1842 1968 47 1972 47 10 14 1892 1 2 3 1 89 15 13 1972, 1973 1973 45 1.5 2.0 1973 36 1961 12 48 1973 4 1973 1961 Bulletin of FFPRI, Vol.17, No.1, 2018
8 1973 II 1973 7. 49 52 1974 1977 49 1974 49 7 27 1019 7 8 600 38 1986 49 50 1974 1975 : 49 1974 50 1975 3 1975 HEM-FIR 6 0F 0F 0F 0F 5/8 1.5 4/5 LF LF 4/5 0F 5/8 1/1.5 1/3 0F 4 7/10 4/5 1.1 SF SF 4/5 0F 7/10 11/10 2/3 0F 5 45 SF LF 2 1/1.5 4 5/8 0.625 9/16 1 9/16 11/10 0.619 1 1977e Newlin 10 9/16 56 17 1, 2018
9 10 1950 9/16 10 5 11/10 Table 16 52 7 12 1017 1974 49 1974 52 1977 8 1 1977 1 2 Table 16 S-P-F W Cedar W Cedar 49 52 1974 1977 50 1975 1975 SI I SII II I II 8. 55 63 1980 1988 56 1981 7 14 196 6 1 Table 17 2 4 f c 95 1982 3 1.5 1982 1985 1981 1 Table 18 10.10 10.3 1966 3 3 1982 4/5 12 0F 1961 1973 0.63 0.62 0.43 0.45 1988 1 0F 1/3.5 0.50 0F 1/1.5 Table 19 10.11 Bulletin of FFPRI, Vol.17, No.1, 2018
10 89 4 5 55 1980 12 1 1799 Table 20 f c 1/5 1/4 1982 1973 1993 100 100 2 30 30 100 100 3 30 f k f c 30 100 f k f c 1.3 0.01 100 f k 0.3f c//100 2 f k 1988 9. 62 63 1987 1988 62 1987 10 6 348 Table 21 f t f b f t 0.6f b F F t F b F c f t f b f c f t f b f c f t f b f t f b 1982 c: b: t 1: 2: 3 1937 f t f b f t 1993 1993 f t b c t 5th : : 1.00: 0.84: 0.64 1987 60 1 1988 1995 1995 1988 f t 0.6f b 5th percentile 0.64 0.60 IV 0.6 : III 1995 IV I II III I II 3 up to date f t 0.6f b 1 Table 22 24 III I 17 1, 2018
11 I III II k k k w k g k k k w k g 0.45 0.62 0.50 0.56 0.75 0.50 0F 4/5 0F 4/5 Table 25 2 4 : : 100: 10: 4 5 1/25 1/15 63 1988 11 1988 10. 63 4 1988 1992 1980 1990 160 1991 : 63 1988 7 1989 6 1989a 1989 5 1989, 1991, 1989a, b 4 : 152025 3 1991 1 31 143 Bulletin of FFPRI, Vol.17, No.1, 2018
12 1991 I II 3 1 2 89 3 2 70 2 1.00 1 : 2 : 3 1.25: 1.00: 0.70 2 5 3 2016 JAS 1 2 JAS 1 2 3 JAS 2 JAS 1 JAS 1 : 2 : 3 1.25: 1.00: 0.70 0.6 0.1 0.2 1993 40 tf/cm 2 6 20 tf/cm 2 E50 E150 3 3 15% D15 20% D20 25% D25 1990 6 JAS MSR Machine Stress Rated 1992 1 JAS FJ MSR 2 4 3 5 27 701 3 5 27 702 4 1992 4 7 120 11. 4 8 1992 1996 3 1991 7 31 4 1992 1 31 16 89 1 Table 26, 27 2012 17 1, 2018
13 2 4 3 1992 2000a 5 5 5 5 ASTM D2915 ASTM 1990 75 5 I II I II I II II 0.8 II 0.8 0.6 3 Table 28 MOE Modulus Of Elasticity MOR Modulus Of Rupture MOE MOR 5 MOE MOE E70 MOR 0.6 0.8 8 1996 5 23 195 Table 29, 30 3 Table 28 3 MOE MOR 48 1973 7 1995 1 25 63 1988 12. 10 20 1998 2008 10 1998 6 12 100 25 1950 Bulletin of FFPRI, Vol.17, No.1, 2018
14 3 2 12 2000 6 1 8 1996 3 8 1996 3 8 1996 9 1997 3 1998 9 1997 5 30 255 Table 31 1997 D Fir-L D Fir-L Hem-Fir S-P-F Hem-Tam W Cedar National Design Specification Design Stress 2000a 8 9 1996 1997 NLGA National Lumber Grades Authority 10 1998 89 95 12 4 26 211 2 2000a 1.1/32/3 1.43/31.6/3 4 2002 2002 2.00 1.60 1.43 1.10 1998 10 3 50 250 250 10 3 3 50 1.10 250 1.00 50 1.10 1 2 2000b 12 2000 5 31 1452 Table 32 35 13 2001 6 12 17 1, 2018
15 1024 Table 36 89 3 kgf/cm 2 N/mm 2 5 kgf/cm 2 0.6 N/mm 2 0.3 N/mm 2 2000a 20 2008 2 8 117 5 : 1.5/3 F cv : 2/3 F cv 2008 1995 SI 2002 10 20 3 2002 1995 2002 1995 2006 12 1 4 2006 13. 19 27 2007 2015 16 2004 19 2007 8 29 11 27 2008 2008 19 2007 11 27 1524 1525 25 2013 6 12 1920 30 2010, 2010 27 2015 8 4 910 27 2015 27 3 9 Bulletin of FFPRI, Vol.17, No.1, 2018
16 512 2015a, b MSR MSR Hem-Tam 21 2009 2 4 2011 3 JS I JS II JS III SYP MSR 27 2015 6 30 816 27 2015 8 4 910 304 306 406 Table 37 Table 38 14. 39 1906 27 2015 109 15 1926 9 1920 533 3 1991 Web Web 17 1, 2018
17 : : 1: 0.8: 0.6 JAS 20 2012 2010 JAS 2016 4 2020 3 : ASTM (1990) D2915-90: Standard practice for evaluating allowable properties for grades of structural lumber. 1991 Annual book of ASTM standard, Volume 04.09 Wood, 430-440. 1960., 15 (12), 2-5. 1989., 44 (9), 25-30. 1991JAS., 163, 12-13. 2010,,,,., 9 (3), 125-148. 2010 4. 21. 22 3, 43-53. 2012 JAS., 33, 1-5. 2016., 464, 28-29. 1989., 406, 13-23. 1990a., 412, 19-29. 1990b., 415, 21-29. 1974,, 101pp. 1977,, 181pp. 3 1982 3.,, 1009pp. 1997., 52 (10), 498-500. 1992 2. 87pp. 1975 49. 93pp. 1944 533., 712 3, 286-288. 1991JAS., 249, 9-11. 1985., 224pp. 1988., 270pp. 1966., 101pp. 1960. F., 30pp. 1937., 628, 25-27. Bulletin of FFPRI, Vol.17, No.1, 2018
18 1938a., 8, 11-20. 1938b., 8, 1-10. 2012., 33, 6-9. 1982., 37 (11), 30-31. 1993., 16 (3), 6-11. 1982 35., 319, 13-46. 2000a., 608, 112-115. 2000b 12 2. 12 7 27, 39pp. 2008JAS., 63 (5), 222-225. 1965., 20 (5), 13-16. 1989a. 65pp.: 63 1988, 1989 1989b I. 65pp. 1947 1. 6, 73pp. 1948 3001. 34pp. 1949. 81pp. 1961. 292pp. 1973. 461pp. 1988. 236pp. 1995. 2, 342pp. 2002. 3, 352pp. 2006. 4, 412pp. 1986. 339pp. 1992JAS, [I]., 47 (7), 332-335. 1973 2.101.,, 234-235. 1987a 3., 2685. 1987b 4., 2686. 1914 1., 871pp. 1943., 187pp. 嘻 1968., 23 (3), 28-31. 嘻 1972., 27 (11), 42. 嘻 1973., 28 (1), 28-29. 1906., 231, 143-147. 1982. 11., 88-209. 1962., 17 (11), 17-21. 1971 22., 142. 1977a 1. AWCOM, 28, 10-13. 1977b 2. AWCOM, 29, 4-8. 1977c 3 I. AWCOM, 30, 4-6. 1977d 4 II. AWCOM, 31, 4-7. 1977e 5 III. AWCOM, 32, 8-13. 1977f 6 IV. AWCOM, 33, 8-12. 1977g 7 V. AWCOM, 34, 4-7. 1985 1.., 2-24. 19825., 57 5, 99-103. 1944., 33, 4-5. 2008., 369, 4-6. 1998., 17 1, 2018
19, 13-15. 1975.,, 187-192. 1973., 22, 882-886. 1989., 62, 67-79. 1991JAS., 163, 24-28. 2015a. Journal of Timber Engineering, 28 (3), 77-82. 2015bJAS., 70 (8), 353-356. 2011 21 2 4, 23 3, 1000pp. Bulletin of FFPRI, Vol.17, No.1, 2018
/6.5 /8 /8 VI/IV VIII/IV VII/V IX/V20 Table 1. 1913 35 500 45 650 kgf/cm 2 f c f t, f b 50 700 55 800 40 550 50 700 65 900 70 1000 2 5 142 : lb/in 2 Table 2. 1920 50 5 kgf/cm 2 f c, f t, f b f s 75 7.5 65 6.5 90 9 9 11 9 102 Table 3. 1937 s kgf/cm 2 f c f t, f b f 80 90 9 70 80 8 7 60 70 90 125 14 80 110 12 70 95 10 12 6 21 102 Table 5. 1944 s kgf/cm 2 f c f t, f b f 160 180 14 140 160 12 10 120 140 180 250 28 160 220 24 140 190 20 19 8 9 533 Table 4. 1938 I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI XII XIII kgf/cm 2 kgf/cm 2 kgf/cm 2 0.33 340 52 470 59 49 6.1 1.38 0.144 1.13 0.117 0.39 400 62 580 73 52 6.5 1.45 0.130 1.18 0.105 0.41 460 71 590 74 59 7.4 1.28 0.128 1.04 0.104 0.41 370 57 580 73 63 7.9 1.57 0.170 1.28 0.139 0.47 430 66 690 86 71 8.9 1.60 0.165 1.39 0.135 0.43 450 69 640 80 65 8.1 1.42 0.144 1.16 0.117 0.43 380 58 600 75 72 9.0 1.58 0.190 1.29 0.155 0.46 520 80 800 100 72 9.0 1.54 0.138 1.25 0.112 0.47 370 57 630 79 69 8.6 1.70 0.186 1.39 0.151 0.53 520 80 730 91 82 10.2 1.40 0.158 1.14 0.128 0.52 550 85 750 94 83 10.4 1.36 0.151 1.11 0.122 0.54 440 68 700 88 76 9.5 1.59 0.173 1.29 0.140 0.61 640 99 830 104 90 11.2 1.30 0.141 1.05 0.113 1.06 510 79 1110 139 120 15.0 2.18 0.235 1.76 0.190 0.126 0.50 350 54 580 73 64 8.0 1.66 0.183 1.35 0.148 1.47 0.155 1.20 0.71 490 75 950 119 98 12.3 1.94 0.200 1.59 0.164 0.68 530 82 870 109 97 12.1 1.64 0.183 1.33 0.148 0.80 460 71 790 99 79 9.9 1.72 0.172 1.39 0.140 0.99 640 99 1180 147 123 15.4 1.84 0.192 1.48 0.156 1.83 0.194 1.48 0.158,., 8, 11-20. Table 6. 1944 kgf/cm 2 90000 80000 70000 19 8 9 533 17 1, 2018
21 Table 7. 1948 s kgf/cm 2 f c f t, f b f 80 90 7 70 80 6 60 70 5 90 125 14 80 110 12 70 95 10 23 4 30 3001 : 2 Table 8. 1947 1/5f c 1/6f c 1/8f c 1/3f c 1/4f c 1/5f c a<d 22 11 28 a d Table 9. 1959 s kgf/cm 2 f c f t, f b f 80 90 7 60 70 5 90 130 14 70 100 10 34 12 4 89 : 2 Table 10. 1961 f c f t, f b f s kgf/cm 2 I 80 90 7 II 5 60 70 II 70 100 10 III 70 90 6 1961 1973 : 0.3 6mm 70 1mm 2 Table 11. 1961 kgf/cm 2 f c f t, f b f s I 100 120 9 II 80 90 7 1961 1973 : 2 Table 12. 1961 0.2f c 0.16f c 0.125f c 0.33f c 0.25f c 0.2f c a<d 1961 a d Bulletin of FFPRI, Vol.17, No.1, 2018
22 Table 13. 1961 E // E II 70 I 90 I 100 II 80 : 10 3 kgf/cm 2 2.5 4 III 70 3 I 100 II 80I 100 4.5 II 90 III 80 4 1961 1973 : 0.3 6mm 70 1mm 3 Table 14. E // E 70 100 I II I II III F c 350 450 550 250 350 450 450 600 750 300 450 550 500 300 400 500 1961 : 1973 構造設計規準 同解説 による F t 700 1000 1300 500 700 1000 950 1500 2000 600 1000 1600 600 1100 1300 F b 650 850 1100 450 650 850 900 1200 1500 500 800 1000 450 750 1000 : kgf/cm 2 10 3 F s 70 80 90 65 80 110 120 2.5 4 50 70 55 50 6 90 80 100 80 100 130 140 3 5 60 80 60 80 7 100 120 50 70 90 55 80 120 3 4 6 Table 15. : kgf/cm 2 k k k w k g 2/3 0F 2/3 0F Sf 350 147 160 I 0.7 0.9 1.0 0.63 0.42 250 105 120 II 450 200 200 0.7 0.95 1.0 0.67 0.445 350 156 160 650 190 180 0.5 0.95 0.9 0.43 0.29 450 130 140 850 320 240 0.6 0.98 0.95 0.56 0.37 650 240 180 700 180 180 0.45 0.95 0.9 0.385 0.26 500 130 140 1000 310 240 0.5 0.98 0.95 0.47 0.31 700 220 180 1/3.5 70 13 14 1/3.5 50 10 10 1 2/3 1/3.5 90 17 18 1/3.5 70 13 14 1961 Sf: 0F: : k k k w k g: 17 1, 2018
23 Table 16. 1975 : kgf/cm 2 SI SII D Fir-L Hem-Tam Hem-Fir S-P-F W Cedar f 10 3 c f t, f b f s f cv 1 95 120 8 30 110 100 140 8 30 110 2 75 100 8 30 100 3 45 55 8 30 90 85 70 75 40 8 8 30 30 90 90 45 20 8 30 90 1 80 110 7 25 100 90 130 7 25 100 2 65 90 7 25 90 3 40 50 7 25 80 75 60 70 40 7 7 25 25 80 80 40 20 7 25 80 1 80 100 7 25 90 90 120 7 25 90 2 65 90 7 25 80 3 40 50 7 25 70 75 60 65 35 7 7 25 25 70 70 40 15 7 25 70 1 65 95 6 20 85 75 110 6 20 85 2 50 75 6 20 75 3 30 45 6 20 70 60 50 60 35 6 6 20 20 70 70 30 15 6 20 70 1 65 90 6 20 80 75 100 6 20 80 2 55 75 6 20 70 3 30 45 6 20 65 60 50 55 30 6 6 20 20 65 65 30 15 6 20 65 49 : 2 Table 17. 1980 kgf/cm 2 f c f t, f b f 75 95 8 70 90 7 s 65 85 7 60 75 6 70 100 10 90 130 14 55 7 14 89 : 2 Table 18. : kgf/cm 2 I 450 800 90 II 425 750 80 350 650 70III 400 700 80 IV I 550 1100 160 II 430 850 110 1985 10.10 Table 19. : kgf/cm 2 Lf c 0F 2/3 1/2 0.62 0F Lf c Lf c I 360 74.4 75 II 340 70.3 70 III 320 66.1 65 IV 280 57.9 60 Lf b 0F 2/3 1/2 0.45 0F Lf b Lf b I 640 96 95 II 600 90 90 III 560 84 85 IV 520 78 75 Lf s 0F 2/3 1/2 1/1.5 0.5 0F Lf s Lf s I 70 7.78 8 II 65 7.22 7 III 65 7.22 7 IV 55 6.11 6 1985 10.11 Lf : 0F: 4/5 : Bulletin of FFPRI, Vol.17, No.1, 2018
24 Table 20. 1980 kgf/cm 2 30 25 20 35 40 55 12 1 1799 : 2 Table 22. 1988 f c f t f b f s Table 21. 1987 kgf/cm 2 f c f t f b f 75 60 95 8 70 55 90 7 s 65 50 85 7 60 45 75 6 70 60 100 10 90 80 130 14 62 10 6 89 : 2 kgf/cm 2 I 75 55 95 8 II 70 55 90 7 III 65 50 85 7 IV 60 45 75 6 II 70 60 100 10 I 90 80 130 14 III 70 50 90 6 1988 : 0.3 70 1mm 2 Table 23. 1988 kgf/cm 2 f c f t f b f s II 85 65 110 9 III 80 60 105 9 I 90 65 120 10 IV 75 55 95 7 1988 : 2 Table 24. 1988 kgf/cm 2 I 30 9.5 II 25 9.0 III 25 8.0 II 35 14 I 40 18 III 30 14 IV 20 7.51988 : 2 1.00 0.80 1.00 0.75 a d a<d 17 1, 2018
25 Table 25. 1988 E // : 10 3 kgf/cm 2 I 100 110 II 90 100 III 80 90 IV 70 80I 100 110 II 80 90 III 70 80 1988 : 0.3 70 1mm Table 26. 1992 kgf/cm2 f c f t f b 1 90 65 110 2 60 45 75 1 90 55 90 2 60 35 60 1 75 60 95 2 65 50 85 1 75 45 75 2 65 40 65 1 95 70 120 2 80 60 105 1 95 55 95 2 80 50 80 1 100 75 125 2 90 65 115 1 100 60 100 2 90 55 90 1 70 50 85 2 70 50 85 1 70 40 70 2 70 40 70 1 70 50 90 2 65 50 85 1 70 40 70 2 65 40 65 4 1 31 16 : 2 f s 89 Table 27. 1992 kgf/cm2 f c f t f b E50 E70 30 20 35 E90 55 40 70 E110 80 60 100 E130 105 80 130 E150 130 95 165 E50 35 25 45 E70 55 40 70 E90 80 60 100 E110 100 75 130 E130 125 95 155 E150 145 110 185 E50 60 45 75 E70 75 55 95 E90 90 70 115 E110 105 80 135 E130 120 90 155 E150 140 105 175 4 1 31 16 : 2 f s 89 Table 28. F 0.6F 0.8F 0.8F 1 0.48F 2 0.8F F 1 3 0.75F 3 0.7F 3 0.5F 2 3 0.45F 3 0.42F 3 0.3F Bulletin of FFPRI, Vol.17, No.1, 2018
26 Table 29. 1996 kgf/cm2 kgf/cm2 f c f t f b f c f t f b 1 90 65 110 1 100 75 125 2 55 40 65 2 90 65 115 3 35 25 45 3 75 55 95 1 90 50 90 1 100 60 100 2 55 30 55 2 90 55 90 3 35 20 35 3 75 45 75 1 90 65 110 1 70 50 85 2 60 45 75 2 70 50 85 3 45 35 55 3 55 40 70 1 90 55 90 1 70 40 70 2 60 35 60 2 70 40 70 3 45 25 45 3 55 35 55 1 75 60 95 1 90 65 115 2 65 50 85 2 75 55 95 3 60 45 75 3 45 35 55 1 75 45 75 1 90 55 90 2 65 40 65 2 75 45 75 3 60 35 55 3 45 15 25 1 95 70 120 1 70 50 90 2 80 60 105 2 65 50 85 3 75 55 90 3 60 45 75 1 95 55 95 1 70 40 70 2 80 50 80 2 65 40 65 3 75 45 75 3 60 35 60 1 90 70 115 8 5 23 195 2 90 70 115 3 75 55 95 : 2 1 90 55 90 f s 89 2 90 55 90 3 75 40 65 Table 30. 1996 kgf/cm2 f c f t f b E50 E70 30 20 35 E90 55 40 70 E110 80 60 100 E130 105 80 130 E150 130 95 165 E50 35 25 45 E70 55 40 70 E90 80 60 100 E110 100 75 130 E130 125 95 155 E150 145 110 185 E50 60 45 75 E70 75 55 95 E90 90 70 115 E110 105 80 135 E130 120 90 155 E150 140 105 175 8 5 23 195 : 2 f s 89 17 1, 2018
27 Table 31. 1997 SI SII kgf/cm 2 f c f t f b f s 87 81 122 8 1 74 55 82 8 2 65 49 72 8 D Fir-L 3 37 28 42 8 72 37 55 8 59 21 31 8 38 10 14 8 61 45 98 7 1 51 28 61 7 2 42 22 45 7 Hem-Tam 3 24 12 28 7 47 15 33 7 38 9 18 7 24 4 9 7 80 75 115 7 1 69 49 78 7 2 63 41 69 7 Hem-Fir 3 36 24 40 7 67 31 52 7 56 17 29 7 36 8 14 7 69 56 102 6 1 61 40 74 6 2 58 37 72 6 S-P-F 3 34 22 42 6 62 28 54 6 53 16 30 6 34 7 14 6 51 47 79 6 1 42 33 57 6 2 33 33 55 6 W Cedar 3 19 20 32 6 38 23 39 6 29 14 22 6 19 6 11 6 9 5 30 255 : 104 203 204 404 2 104 203 204 404 106 206 406 0.96 0.84 0.84 208 408 0.93 0.75 0.75 210 0.91 0.68 0.68 1.00 212 0.89 0.63 0.63 Bulletin of FFPRI, Vol.17, No.1, 2018
28 Table 32. 2000 2002 N/mm2 kn/mm 2 N/mm2 kn/mm 2 F c F t F b F s E 0 E 0.05 G 0 F c F t F b F s E 0 E 0.05 G 0 1 27.0 20.4 33.6 1 30.6 22.8 38.4 2 16.8 12.6 20.4 2 27.0 20.4 34.2 3 11.4 9.0 14.4 3 23.4 17.4 28.8 2.4 10.0 6.5 1 27.0 16.2 26.4 1 30.6 18.6 30.6 2.1 11.0 8.5 2 16.8 10.2 16.8 2 27.0 16.2 27.0 3 11.4 7.2 11.4 3 23.4 13.8 23.4 1 27.0 20.4 34.2 1 21.0 15.6 26.4 2 18.0 13.8 22.8 2 21.0 15.6 26.4 3 13.8 10.8 17.4 3 17.4 13.2 21.6 2.4 12.0 8.5 1 27.0 16.2 27.0 1 21.0 12.6 21.0 2.1 9.5 6.5 2 18.0 10.8 18.0 2 21.0 12.6 21.0 3 13.8 8.4 13.8 3 17.4 10.2 17.4 E 0 1 23.4 18.0 29.4 1 27.0 20.4 34.2 1/15 2 20.4 15.6 25.8 2 22.8 17.4 28.2 3 18.6 13.8 23.4 E 0 3 13.8 10.8 17.4 2.1 9.5 6.0 1 23.4 14.4 23.4 1/15 1 27.0 16.2 27.0 1.8 10.0 7.5 2 20.4 12.6 20.4 2 22.8 13.8 22.8 3 18.6 10.8 17.4 3 13.8 5.4 9.0 1 28.8 21.6 36.0 1 21.6 16.2 27.0 2 25.2 18.6 31.2 2 20.4 15.6 25.8 3 22.2 16.8 27.6 3 18.0 13.8 22.2 2.1 13.0 9.0 1 28.8 17.4 28.8 1 21.6 13.2 21.6 1.8 7.0 4.5 2 25.2 15.0 25.2 2 20.4 12.6 20.4 3 22.2 13.2 22.2 3 18.0 10.8 18.0 1 28.2 21.0 34.8 2 27.6 21.0 34.8 3 23.4 18.0 29.4 1 28.2 16.8 28.2 2.1 10.0 7.5 2 27.6 16.8 27.6 3 23.4 12.6 20.4 12 5 31 1452 : 2002 E G 0 0.05 75 50 5 Table 33. 2000 2002 N/mm 2 kn/mm 2 F c F t F b F s E 0 E 0.05 G 0 E50 - - - - - E70 9.6 7.2 12.0 6.9 5.9 E90 16.8 12.6 21.0 8.8 7.8 E110 24.6 18.6 30.6 10.8 9.8 E130 31.8 24.0 39.6 12.7 11.8 E150 39.0 29.4 48.6 14.7 13.7 E50 11.4 8.4 13.8 4.9 3.9 E70 18.0 13.2 22.2 6.9 5.9 E90 24.6 18.6 30.6 8.8 7.8 E110 31.2 23.4 38.4 10.8 9.8 E 0 1/15 E130 37.8 28.2 46.8 12.7 11.8 E150 44.4 33.0 55.2 14.7 13.7 E50 19.2 14.4 24.0 4.9 3.9 E70 23.4 17.4 29.4 6.9 5.9 E90 28.2 21.0 34.8 8.8 7.8 E110 32.4 24.6 40.8 10.8 9.8 E130 37.2 27.6 46.2 12.7 11.8 E150 41.4 31.2 51.6 14.7 13.7 12 5 31 1452 : 2002 E G 0 0.05 75 50 5 17 1, 2018
29 Table 34. 2000 2002 N/mm 2 kn/mm 2 F c F t F b F s E 0 25.8 24.0 36.0 12.6 1 22.2 16.2 24.6 11.7 2 19.2 15.0 21.6 10.7 D Fir-L 3 11.4 8.4 12.6 2.4 9.5 21.6 11.4 16.2 10.0 17.4 6.6 9.6 9.1 SI 11.4 3.0 4.2 8.5 18.0 13.8 29.4 8.2 1 15.0 8.4 18.0 7.5 2 12.6 6.6 13.8 7.5 Hem-Tam 3 7.2 3.6 8.4 2.1 6.2 14.4 4.8 10.2 6.9 11.4 3.0 5.4 6.2 7.2 1.2 3.0 5.5 24.0 22.2 34.2 10.6 1 20.4 15.0 23.4 9.8 2 18.6 12.6 20.4 9.1 Hem-Fir 3 10.8 7.2 12.0 2.1 8.1 19.8 9.6 15.6 9.9 16.8 5.4 9.0 9.0 10.8 2.4 4.2 8.4 20.4 16.8 30.0 10.5 1 18.0 12.0 22.2 10.0 2 17.4 11.4 21.6 9.6 SII S-P-F 3 10.2 6.6 12.6 1.8 9.3 18.6 8.4 16.2 9.8 15.6 4.8 9.0 8.9 10.2 2.4 4.2 8.3 15.0 14.4 23.4 7.5 1 12.6 10.2 16.8 6.9 2 10.2 10.2 16.2 6.9 W Cedar 3 6.0 6.0 9.6 1.8 6.2 11.4 7.2 12.0 6.2 9.0 4.2 6.6 5.5 6.0 1.8 3.6 5.5 12 5 31 1452 : 104 203 204 404 Table 31 2002 E 0 75 50 Table 35. 2000 2002 N/mm 2 F c F t F b F s 22.2 17.7 28.2 2.4 20.7 16.2 26.7 2.1 19.2 14.7 25.2 2.1 17.7 13.5 22.2 1.8 27.0 24.0 38.4 4.2 21.0 18.0 29.4 3.0 kn/mm 2 E 0 E 0.05 G 0 10.0 6.5 9.0 6.0 8.0 5.5 E 0 7.0 4.5 1/15 10.0 6.5 8.0 5.5 7.0 4.5 12 5 31 1452 : 2002 E G 0 0.05 75 50 5 Bulletin of FFPRI, Vol.17, No.1, 2018
30 Table 36. 2001 a N/mm 2 9.0 7.8 6.0 12.0 10.8 b N/mm 2 SI D Fir-L 9.0 Hem-Tam 7.8 Hem-Fir 6.0 SII S-P-F 6.0 W Cedar 6.0 13 6 12 1024 Table 37. 2015 2002 N/mm 2 kn/mm 2 N/mm 2 F c F t F b F s E 0 F c F t F b F s 25.8 24.0 36.0 12.6 24.1 26.2 39.0 1 22.2 16.2 24.6 11.7 1 20.7 16.1 24.4 2 19.2 15.0 21.6 10.7 2 18.7 11.9 18.5 D Fir-L 3 11.4 8.4 12.6 9.5 3 10.7 6.8 10.6 2.4 SYP 21.6 11.4 16.2 10.0 19.9 8.9 13.9 2.4 17.4 6.6 9.6 9.1 16.5 5.0 7.8 11.4 3.0 4.2 8.5 10.7 2.3 3.7 17.4 6.6 9.6 9.2 16.5 5.0 7.8 18.0 13.8 29.4 8.2 24.9 20.6 33.6 1 15.0 8.4 18.0 7.5 1 21.1 14.1 23.7 2 12.6 6.6 13.8 7.5 2 18.2 12.5 22.2 Hem-Tam 3 7.2 3.6 8.4 6.2 3 10.6 7.3 12.9 2.1 JSI 14.4 4.8 10.2 6.9 19.8 9.5 16.9 2.1 11.4 3.0 5.4 6.2 16.0 5.3 9.3 7.2 1.2 3.0 5.5 10.6 2.5 4.4 11.4 3.0 5.4 6.2 16.0 5.3 9.3 24.0 22.2 34.2 10.6 15.7 16.0 28.4 1 20.4 15.0 23.4 9.8 1 15.7 12.2 20.4 2 18.6 12.6 20.4 9.1 2 15.7 12.2 19.5 Hem-Fir 3 10.8 7.2 12.0 8.1 3 9.1 7.1 11.3 2.1 JSII 19.8 9.6 15.6 9.9 15.7 9.3 14.8 1.8 16.8 5.4 9.0 9.0 13.8 5.1 8.2 10.8 2.4 4.2 8.4 9.1 2.4 3.9 16.8 5.4 9.0 9.9 13.8 5.1 8.2 20.4 16.8 30.0 10.5 20.9 16.9 22.5 1 18.0 12.0 22.2 10.0 1 18.3 11.3 16.1 2 17.4 11.4 21.6 9.6 2 17.0 9.7 15.5 S-P-F 3 10.2 6.6 12.6 9.3 3 9.8 5.7 11.8 1.8 JSIII 18.6 8.4 16.2 9.8 17.9 7.4 6.5 2.1 15.6 4.8 9.0 8.9 14.9 4.1 6.5 10.2 2.4 4.2 8.3 9.8 1.9 3.1 15.6 4.8 9.0 8.9 14.9 4.1 6.5 15.0 14.4 23.4 7.5 1 12.6 10.2 16.8 6.9 2 10.2 10.2 16.2 6.9 3 6.0 6.0 9.6 6.2 W Cedar 1.8 11.4 7.2 12.0 6.2 9.0 4.2 6.6 5.5 6.0 1.8 3.6 5.5 9.0 4.2 6.6 5.5 27 8 4 910 2002 E 0 75 50 : 104 203 204 304 404 203 204 106 205 206 306 406 0.96 0.84 0.84 208 408 0.93 0.75 0.75 210 0.91 0.68 0.68 1.00 212 0.89 0.63 0.63 17 1, 2018
31 Table 38. JAS 8 1919 4 4 37 9 1920 9 29 438 9 1920 11 9 37 102 3 1 15 1926 10 26 30 JES 12 1937 6 21 25 14 1939 9 27 45 14 1939 10 13 367 15 1940 10 87 16 1941 3 66 16 1941 5 28 321 18 1943 8 25 469 19 1944 8 9 21 532 22 533 22 1947 11 28 23 1948 4 30 1 3001 532 533 24 1949 3 10 25 1950 5 11 175 JAS 25 1950 5 24 201 89 3 3 25 1950 11 16 338 28 1953 11 10 769 33 1958 12 15 34 1959 12 4 344 2 2 35 1960 7 30 694 36 1961 1 10 42 1967 12 8 1842 JAS JAS JAS 47 1972 10 14 1892 1 2 48 1973 1 15 2 48 1973 4 25 49 1974 7 8 600 49 1974 7 27 1019 55 1980 7 14 196 55 1980 12 1 1799 57 1982 6 30 3 60 1985 4 5 4 fc 196 89 62 1987 10 6 348 0.6 63 1988 11 1 Bulletin of FFPRI, Vol.17, No.1, 2018
32 Table 38. JAS 63 1988 11 25 3 1991 1 31 143 3 1991 5 27 701 3 1991 5 27 702 1 JAS 1 JAS 16 4 1992 1 31 120 4 1992 4 7 MSR LVL 7 1995 1 25 2 8 1996 5 23 195 3 9 1997 3 28 960 9 1997 5 30 255 10 1998 6 12 100 25 12 2000 4 26 211 12 2000 5 31 1452 13 2001 6 12 1024 14 2002 10 20 Fc Ft Fb Fs 89 95 3 16 2004 3 30 4 18 2006 12 1 4 19 2007 8 29 1083 7 19 2007 11 27 1524 1525 20 2008 2 8 117 24 2012 6 5 Fc Ft Fb Fs 25 2013 6 12 1920 27 2015 3 9 512 27 2015 6 30 816 27 2015 8 4 910 Fc Ft Fb Fs Fc Ft Fb Fs 2 MSR JSI JSII JSIII JSI JSII JSIII 17 1, 2018
33 History of sawn lumber standards and allowable stresses in Japan Hirofumi IDO 1) Abstract Nationwide standards about sawn lumber and allowable stresses have improved since the Meiji era in Japan. These standards and allowable stresses were inherited through a large number of establishments and amendments. However, the background and basis of values in many standards and allowable stresses remain unclear or unknown. This paper aims to discuss the history and basis of sawn lumber standards and allowable stresses in Japan. Key words: standard, sawn lumber, allowable stress, history Received 19 May 2017, Accepted 19 September 2017 1) Department of Wood Engineering, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute (FFPRI) * Department of Wood Engineering, FFPRI, 1 Matsunosato, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8687 JAPAN; e-mail: ido@ffpri.affrc.go.jp Bulletin of FFPRI, Vol.17, No.1, 2018