(1(2 1999 9 1999 5 (1 (2 ( ( 1992 10 1992 10 1993 8 1993 8 1997 11 1998 9 3,145 2,778 4,055 3,258 2.6% 30 ( 10 43
(1 (Yuan (2 (IFS 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 US$ 5.2 5.4 5.8 5.8 8.4 8.3 8.3 8.3 8.3 US$ 144.8 134.7 126.7 111.2 102.2 94.1 108.8 121.0 130.9 27.85 24.94 21.84 19.17 12.17 11.34 13.11 14.58 15.77 CPI(1990=100 100.0 103.5 110.0 126.1 156.6 183.1 198.3 203.8 202.2 (3 1 =20.9 (4 1 12 (5 Mbit s (Mb s ( Gbit s (Gb s ( (6 100 SDH PDH( 44
45
46 1. 1.1 1970 11 1989 1100 ( 0.98% 2000 2.8100 1977 9.9100 1989 1991 30% 20% ( 1.2 1.2.1 1978 12 11 3 7 5 (1986 1990 7 5 8 5 (1991 1995 1.2.2 8 5 8 5 1991 1995 5 17% 5 1,500 ( 1,000 PBX400 100 2,380 1995 1.8% 2.0% (1991 2 10% 4 15% 40 15 6 20 2.5 Km
(1 2,800km (2 1,300km (3 2,900km (4 4,700Km ( (5 1,500km (6 1,700km INTELSAT transponder ( 12 20 1.2.3 17.8% 22.7% ( 200 400Km 250 1.2.4 1989 2 (JTEC F S 1989 F S 1991 F S 1992 1 1992 3 4 5 6 1992 10 1992 1992 11 1993 1993 2 47
3 4 6 1993 8 1993 1993 1995 12 1.3 1.3.1 (1 1,654km 1,622km 479km 212km 362km 380km (7 1 140Mb s (9 1 140Mb s 4 2.5Gb s 2 140Mb s 4 2.5Gb s (5 1 140Mb s 7 140Mb s 3 2.5Gb s 1 140Mb s 3 2.5Gb s (4 1 140Mb s (6 1 140Mb s 2 2.5Gb s (3 1 140Mb s (4 1 140Mb s 2 2.5Gb s (3 1 140Mb s (5 1 140Mb s (3 1 140Mb s 5 140Mb s (2 0 140Mb s (2 1 140Mb s 2 140Mb s 2 2.5Gb s 1 140Mb s 2 2.5Gb s 2 140Mb s 1 140Mb s 1 140Mb s 1 140Mb s 2 2.5Gb s (2 1 140Mb s (3 1 140Mb s 2 2.5Gb s (2 0 140Mb s (2 1 140Mb s 1 140Mb s (3 1 140Mb s (5 1 140Mb s 2 140Mb s (2 0 140Mb s (2 1 140Mb s (2 0 140Mb s (2 1 140Mb s ( 1 140Mb s 1 140Mb s 48
(2 1,500 1,500 1 2,900 2,900 500 500 300 300 300 300 500 500 1 1 (3 3 (a 8 2 (1992 4 (b 8 2 (1993 2 (c TMN (Telecommunication Management Network 8 2 (1993 3 TMN (a (b (c 49
1.3.2 I II III IV I II III IV I II III IV I II III IV 7 12 6 8 7 6 2.5Gb/s 8 10 8 12 140Mb/s 7 12 11 12 7 12 7 12 9 9 10 7 10 6 6 12 7 3 4 12 4 6 5 12 1.3.3 ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( 3,065 285.89 9,040 2,637 285.12 7,236 428 0.77 1,804 3,278 67.24 4,683 3,082 64.74 4,126 196 2.50 557 480 48.23 1,488 313 27.15 750 167 21.08 738 30 0.24 35 0 0 0 30 0.24 35 18.23 381 18.12 292 0 0.11 89 15.53 325 0 0 15.53 325 6,853 435.36 15,952 6,032 395.13 12,404 821 40.23 3,548 347 36.53 1,110 0 0 0 347 36.53 1,110 7,200 471.89 17,062 6,032 395.13 12,404 1,168 76.76 4,658 [ ] ( 1 = 20.9 (1992 1995 1 = 16.1 50
2. 2.1 2.1.1 (1 140Mb s PDH 16 2.5Gb s SDH 19 2.5Gb s 8 ( 2.5Gb s SDH 93 60% 94 10% (2 89 F S 92 4 93 3 4 2 (3 3 1 2 3 2.1.2 (1 (2 4 51
52 2.1.3 (1 15,952 ( 12,404 22% 12% 9% ( (2 ( 6,853 ( 6,032 12% (3 ( 435.36 395.13 9% 2.1.4 (1 1 1
1998 4 2 3 2 2 3 1 4 1 2 etc etc 5 6 53
54 3 6 4 10 5 27 FAX 6 6
55 3 ( ( ( ( ( (4 ( (5 140Mbit s 2.5Gbit s 2.2 2.2.1 (1 ( 4 94
( 3 5 4 ( 56
5 (1999 1 57
(2 1 2 1 ( 1993 1996 1999 A. (3 0.1 0.12 (+20% B. (3 ( C. (1 D. 25km 25-50km 50-100km 100-150km 150-200km 200-400km 400-600km 600-800km 800-1000km 1000-1500km 1500-2000km 2000km 800km 800km 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 0.8 1.0 0.5 0.6 0.19 (0.16,0.18,0.20,0.22 ( 800km 800km 21.6 (3 29.55 20.7 15.0 26.25 18.4 15.0 18.15 12.7 12.0 E. ( 3,000-5,000 4,500 500-1000 ( 1000, 500 2 ( 1993 1999 A. (1 150 50.0 B. 3,000-5,000 500-1,500 C. (1 0.6 0.4 D. (1 0.6 + 1 B 0.4 + 1 B ( 58
1 ( 90% (3 2000 2 2000 2000 ( Y2K 90% 10% 2000 2 99 6 Y2K (4 3 3 1997 1998 ( 8,760 105,120 ( 312 540 (% 96.56 99.49 100% 98% 3 72 24 3 59
2.2.2 ( 4 4 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 n.a. n.a. 176 66 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. 252 83 9 74 358 35 392 111 31 80 562 49 611 114 31 83 855 126 981 134 45 89 1,099 180 1,278 177 62 115 1,555 274 1,828 193 49 144 489 721 1,450 2,277 3,119 4,287 6,080 1999.2 2.2.3 2.3 2.3.1 (1 5 1994 2.5Gbit s SDH 1996 97 98 10Gbit s 5 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. 8.32 1.16 75 77 60 10 5 3 6 0.3 40 40 35 30 25 10 2 1.0 70 83 60 5 13 4 1 10 0.3 79 65 65 10 5 2 5 0.2 11997 60
6 6 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 11,469 17,332 27,295 40,706 54,947 70,318 % 51.1 57.5 49.1 35.0 28.0 100 1.6 2.2 3.2 4.7 6.3 8.1 (2 12.11% 52.14% ( IP ( 30% ( SDH 2.3.2 2.4 7 61
Rapid growth of mobile telephones in Asian countries 1996 62
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