1990 2003 2005 2000 1998 2004 2001 2 2000 2001 2000 1
Vol. 42 No. 2 2005 pp.21-22 25 25-29 30-34 1999 1 Headcount ratio 2 1995 20-25 25-30 2005 p.25 2005 2000 2 15 34 2003 p.3 15 34 A B 3 4 3 3 2003 pp.29-332001 p.29 1997 2003 2005 1997 2000
Autumn 06 2001 2001 p.10 2001 1997 2002 A B 4 1 1 2 10 3 10 4 4 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 3 15 12 3 15 12 3 4 1 4 4 1993 1998 2002 4 1
Vol. 42 No. 2 2 15 15 5 3 4 2004 2005 2004 2005 2004 2005 2004 2005 20-34 5,000 15-29 7,500 3,060 61.2 4,091 54.5 2004 2005 5 2000 2005 2000 1 1 2004 2005 6 15 90 15-19 134.7 85.4 10 20-24 2004 224.8 2005 201.5 192.2 2004 165.5 2005 24 25 2004 25-29 50 20-25 2004 1.4 1.8 1.4 1.5 2005 1.4 1.4 2004 A 1.2 1.4 2005 A 1.1 1.3 B 2004 1.3 1.5 2005 2004 2005 1.1 1.2 1 2 5 7 2004 2005 5 2004 20-34 2005 15-29 20-29 1 1 0.202
Autumn 06 0.282 0.268 0.371 30-34 30-34 A 2 B 0.2 30-34 0.4 30 1 30-34 30-34 2 2 8 20-30 9 30 2004 2005 1 2004 2005 2
Vol. 42 No. 2 10 90 2 2004 10 10 1 2004 2005 15-19 134.7 11.0 85.4 7.9 20-24 224.8 8.4 192.2 10.3 201.5 7.0 166.5 5.2 25-29 328.7 6.1 262.4 7.6 276.0 6.9 212.5 5.9 30-34 398.9 6.5 292.0 9.8 15-19 70.8 14.4 70.0 8.2 20-24 145.5 10.8 113.1 8.3 132.0 9.8 114.0 7.6 25-29 166.7 15.2 112.5 8.7 140.8 11.3 133.6 7.7 30-34 205.3 46.0 111.5 9.2 15-19 72.5 12.3 75.0 8.3 20-24 151.5 9.6 131.9 7.9 147.0 8.7 119.3 6.5 25-29 194.4 13.4 136.8 7.6 177.9 12.5 151.2 6.5 30-34 220.5 25.7 128.4 8.6 2004 2005 2 2004-2005 2004 A 2005 A Coef. Std. Err. Coef. Std. Err. Coef. Std. Err. Coef. Std. Err. 0.127 0.030 0.039 0.021 + 0.145 0.033 0.110 0.028 1.383 0.344 1.252 0.175 1.235 0.274 0.251 0.487 0.469 0.307 0.412 0.315 0.027 0.250 0.317 0.352 0.079 0.222 0.065 0.296 0.101 0.214 0.681 0.268 0.227 0.173 0.337 0.357 0.166 0.259 _cons 1.127 0.800 0.155 0.576 2.055 0.801 1.790 0.683 N 1033 843 562 750 G 2 70.35 59.22 25.53 29.630 df 5 5 4 5 p 0 0 0 0 2004 2005 p<.01 : p<.05 p<.10
Autumn 06 2005 3 3 B 2004 2005 20-29 4 1 2 3 15 4 3 2004-2005 2004 A 2005 A Coef. Std. Err. Coef. Std. Err. Coef. Std. Err. Coef. Std. Err. 0.123 0.030 0.027 0.022 0.124 0.036 0.071 0.029 1.601 0.352 1.068 0.183 0.283 0.329 0.044 0.310 0.613 0.502 0.666 0.326 1.640 1.123 0.030 0.602 15 0.367 0.368 0.012 0.232 0.492 0.154 0.281 0.120 0.910 0.279 0.338 0.182 + 0.830 0.371 1.357 0.433 0.048 0.394 0.083 0.276 0.486 0.732 0.568 0.682 0.092 0.523 0.021 0.324 0.317 0.240 0.375 0.149 0.093 0.098 1.396 1.067 0.303 0.235 1.245 0.443 1.543 0.572 0.025 0.312 0.665 0.266 1.043 1.056 0.064 0.804 1.119 0.285 0.298 0.338 0.923 0.219 0.529 0.330 0.043 0.259 0.001 0.575 0.880 0.210 0.158 0.313 0.107 0.222 0.844 0.311 1.588 0.282 0.257 0.373 0.174 0.265 _cons 2.238 0.988 0.268 0.715 2.797 1.009 1.745 0.793 N 1033 843 562 749 G 2 101.0 132.1 49.71 63.74 df 13.0 13 12 12 p 0 0 0 0 2004 2005 p<.01 : p<.05 p<.10
Vol. 42 No. 2 4 2004-2005 2004 A 2005 A Coef. Std. Err. Coef. Std. Err. Coef. Std. Err. Coef. Std. Err. 0.113 0.051 0.091 0.039 0.204 0.046 0.042 0.033 0.181 0.487 0.031 0.416 0.244 0.359 0.038 0.320 0.840 0.782 0.060 0.795 0.911 1.157 0.182 0.650 15 0.463 0.175 0.142 0.131 0.527 0.166 0.280 0.124 0.289 0.626 1.068 0.623 + 0.676 0.484 1.210 0.451 0.884 1.081 0.409 0.950 0.267 0.747 0.350 0.376 0.857 0.280 0.202 0.329 0.277 0.244 0.163 0.608 0.837 0.278 1.746 1.084 0.299 0.238 1.342 0.392 1.206 0.341 0.081 0.314 0.721 0.271 1.624 0.466 0.934 0.254 1.017 0.290 0.929 0.579 0.526 0.414 0.371 0.356 0.079 0.265 0.445 0.424 0.114 0.299 0.044 0.334 0.096 0.231 0.925 0.322 0.199 0.235 0.459 0.407 0.265 0.279 _cons 2.447 1.375 + 2.029 1.102 + 5.082 1.264 0.939 0.898 N 578 518 508 707 G 2 62.0 62.54 52.38 48.75 df 13 13 12 12 p 0 0 0 0 2004 2005 p<.01 : p<.05 p<.10 3 3 2004 30-34 30-34 30-34 15 2004 2005 4 15 2005 11 5 15-29 20-29 A 20-29 15-19
Autumn 06 5 2005 15-29 20-29 A B A B Coef. Std. Err. Coef. Std. Err. Coef. Std. Err. Coef. Std. Err. Coef. Std. Err. Coef. Std. Err. Coef. Std. Err. Coef. Std. Err. 0.157 0.043 0.132 0.034 0.119 0.036 0.044 0.031 0.218 0.058 0.125 0.043 0.117 0.048 0.039 0.039 0.492 0.394 0.215 0.307 0.444 0.351 0.138 0.289 0.541 0.417 0.329 0.336 0.572 0.371 0.027 0.314 0.187 0.451 0.223 0.319 0.494 0.380 0.321 0.290 0.383 0.487 0.236 0.339 0.671 0.410 0.322 0.305 0.380 0.424 0.437 0.341 0.142 0.381 0.133 0.325 0.829 0.448 + 0.313 0.369 0.482 0.403 0.064 0.348 0.586 0.714 0.512 0.469 0.675 0.593 0.477 0.435 0.419 0.746 0.675 0.486 0.502 0.619 0.572 0.453 0.056 0.721 0.263 0.423 0.082 0.593 0.340 0.393 0.268 0.859 0.185 0.439 0.443 0.718 0.207 0.409 0.948 0.761 0.608 0.530 1.081 0.639 + 0.387 0.469 1.000 0.910 0.772 0.588 1.386 0.765 + 0.459 0.512 0.784 0.799 0.214 0.468 0.700 0.680 0.168 0.443 0.999 0.945 0.191 0.501 1.140 0.802 0.177 0.473 0.080 0.729 0.035 0.392 0.343 0.598 0.528 0.366 0.402 0.884 0.055 0.416 0.797 0.734 0.582 0.386 0.817 1.241 0.026 0.607 0.018 0.852 0.080 0.561 0.451 1.348 0.011 0.645 0.611 0.966 0.052 0.605 2 3 0.093 0.733 0.696 0.468 0.077 0.612 0.194 0.411 0.280 0.879 0.690 0.498 0.233 0.741 0.061 0.431 0.881 1.007 0.323 0.532 0.809 0.826 0.065 0.506 0.265 0.573 1.137 1.234 0.172 0.544 _cons 1.890 1.238 2.289 0.893 1.442 1.058 0.554 0.822 3.124 1.644 + 2.031 1.101 + 0.944 1.382 0.260 1.005 N 389 480 389 480 317 428 336 428 G 2 25.97 28.65 25.01 17.18 25.6 20.79 25.24 14.08 df 17 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 p 0.0108 0.0044 0.0148 0.1428 0.0075 0.0536 0.0137 0.2957 2005 p<.01 : p<.05 p<.10
Vol. 42 No. 2 B 20-29 12 20-29 34 A A B 15 0.2 30-34 30-34 A 1 2004-2005 2004 10 2005 2 30-34 2004 3 15 30-34 20-29 4 20-29 B 15 30-34 30
Autumn 06 15 13 EU 1 2 3 B 2006 4 5 2006 6 2004 2005 100 100 200 200 300 300 400 2004 400 500 500 600 600 700 700 800 800 100 2005 400 600 600 800 800 200 2005 7 1 2 0 1 8 2005 A 30 228 763 B 41.3 315 763 B20-24 38.5 39.7 9 2005 15-29 19.7 15-19 12.0 20-24 8.8 25-29 29.0 10 2006 p16 30 49 35 54 51.5 51.0 49.8 48.9 47.2 45.3 11 2005 12 13 2004 4 2006 1 2000 52 2006 No.154 pp.83-94 2005 ESRI Discussion Paper Series No.140 1997 37 2001
Vol. 42 No. 2 2002 vs. vs. 38 3 pp.199-211 2006 17 2003 2000 2005 1998 2006 pp.55-84 1998 114 2000 97 136 2000 138 2000 11 No.106 2001 No.146 + 2003 2005 2001 No.146 pp.147-162 2002 pp.133-148 2004 2