1 ISP WEB Solaris FreeBSD 2 2.1 CPU 2 3-1 -
2.2 WWW NEWS WEB IRC WWW IP IP 3 NEWS WEB IRC CPU 10Mbps 100Mbps 2.3 CPU CPU 2.3.1 CPU CPU CPU PC/AT x86 i386 Sun SPARC IBM Apple Macintosh PowerPC SGI MIPS COMPAQ Alpha HP PA-RISC PC/AT x86 PC/AT FreeBSD Linux SPARC PowerPC Macintosh 2.3.2 PC/AT CPU PC/AT i386 CPU i486 25 100MHz Pentium 75 200MHz MMX Pentium 166 266MHz - 2 -
Pentium Pro 150 200MHz CPU CPU SPECint95 0.3 8 CPU Pentium Pentium Xeon Pentium AMD-K6- AMD Athlon 233 450MHz 400 450MHz 450 733MHz 350MHz 500 700MHz SPECint95 9.5 22 i486 CPU PC/AT CPU 100 2.3.3 SPARC SPARC MicroSPARC LX Classic 50MHz MicroSPARC- 70 110MHz SPARC Station5 TurboSPARC 170MHz SPARC Station5 SuperSPARC HyperSPARC CPU UltraSPARC UltraSPARC- i UltraSPARC- 140MHz/167MHz Ultra1 270 480MHz Ultra5 10 250 450MHz Enterprise450 SPECint95 6.6 20 2.3.4 CPU CPU CPU CPU CPU CPU FreeBSD 466MHz Celeron 2 FreeBSD 3.3 333MHz Pentium 2 150MHz Pentium Pro 4-3 -
5 120MHz Pentium 10 66MHz 486DX2 2 20 40 2.3.5 CPU CPU CPU CPU 1 2 3 1 CPU 4KB AMD Athlon 128KB 2 CPU x86 CPU Pentium Pro 2 128KB SPARC 8MB SPARC x86 333MHz Pentium CPU Pentium 333MHz 512MB 512MB 1GB Pentium Celeron 4GB x86 Pentium Pro 1 16KB 8KB 8KB 2 256KB 1MB 450MHz Pentium 1 32KB 16KB 16KB 2 512KB Pentium 2 256KB AMD-K6-2 1 64KB 32KB 32KB 1 AMD CPU - 4 -
2 AMD Athlon 1 128KB SPARC Ultra5 Ultra10 UltraSPARC- i 1 32KB 16KB 16KB 2 270MHz 256KB 300MHz 512KB 333MHz 2MB 480MHz 4MB Sun UltraSPARC- 1 32KB 16KB 16KB 2 250MHz 1MB 300MHz 2MB 400MHz 4MB 8MB 2 2 CPU CPU Pentium Pentium Pro Pentium 233MHz 333MHz Pentium 2 CPU 300MHz Pentium 2 150MHz 512MB Pentium Pro CPU Pentium 200MHz Pentium Pro CPU 200MHz 4GB Pentium Pro 200MHz CPU 333MHz Pentium 2 Pentium Pro - 5 -
Celeron Pentium Celeron Pentium Pentium E 1 Celeron Pentium 1 Cache 2 Cache Cache clock FSB CPU Clock Celeron 16K + 16K 128K CPU 66M 500MHz PentiumIII 16K + 16K 512K ½ CPU 100 or 133M 600MHz PentiumIII(E) 16 K + 16K 256K CPU 100 or 133M 733 733MHz 1 2 Pentium Pentium E 2 Pentium 1 Celeron Pentium E CPU Pentium CPU FSB 2 Celeron 66MHz Pentium Pentium E 100MHz 133MHz Celeron 1 5000 Pentium 4 5000 Pentium E 8 Celeron 2.3.6 CPU 32bit 64bit 128bit 32bit 33MHz 132MByte/sec 64bit 66MHz 528MByte/sec 64bit 100MHz 800MByte/sec 128bit 100MHz 1600MByte/sec 1 4 1 2-6 -
4 4 2 2 2 10 1 5 1 1 5 1 1 1 4 8 1 CPU C memcpy for(i=0;i<=n;i++)memcpy(dst,src,len); 1GB 10MB 100 memcpy for gettimeofday UNIX Windows 300MHz UltraSPARC- 281MByte/sec 400MHz UltraSPARC- 276MByte/sec 167MHz UltraSPARC- 170MByte/sec 400MHz Pentium 140MByte/sec 300MHz UltraSPARC- i 132MByte/sec 466MHz Celeron 86MByte/sec 466MHz Celeron 45MByte/sec 50MHz SuperSPARC 29MByte/sec 300MHz UltraSPARC- 400MHz UltraSPARC- CPU CPU SPARC 300MHz UltraSPARC- 400MHz UltraSPARC- Pentium Pro 2 512bit 2.3.7-7 -
OS OS daemon OS 2.3.8 SPARC vs. x86 SPARC x86 x86 SPARC 1 2 1 sshkeygen ssh Celeron 466 Pentium-II 400 Pentium-Pro 200 K6-2 233 0.68 0.92 1.49 1.71 UltraSPARC-II 400 4.88 UltraSPARC-IIi 300 6.94 UltraSPARC-II 300 7.78 UltraSPARC 167 13.71 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 1 ssh-keygen 466MHz Celeron UltraSPARC- x86 gzip - 8 -
2 135MB gzip UltraSPARC-II 400MHz Celeron 466MHz 106.87 107.91 UltraSPARC-IIi 300MHz UltraSPARC 167MHz 143.28 235.7 0 50 100 150 200 250 2 gzip UltraSPARC- SPARC 2.4 IDE SCSI HDD IBM DDRS 34560/4.3GB 39130/9GB Media data rate Rotational speed Sustained data rate Average seek time Average latency 109 171Mbps 7200rpm 8.3 13.3 MByte/s 7.5ms 4.33ms - 9 -
Media data rate Rotational speed 1 1 Sustained data rate / Average seek time Average latency 2.5 SCSI SCSI SCSI DMA Direct Memory Access CPU CPU CPU WRITE READ CPU CPU CPU SCSI SCSI 2.6 10BaseT 100BaseTX 100BaseTX full-duplex 100Mbps FDDI CPU 100Mbps - 10 -
3 Operating System 3.1 OS OS Solaris daemon Solaris2.6 ps efa Solaris 2.6 ( ) ps -efa - 11 -
60 OpenWindows daemon NFS NFS daemon RPC snmp CD-ROM vold Mail sendmail - bd sendmail sendmail Solaris2.6 ps efa ps -efa Solaris 2.6-12 -
Solaris2.6 32MB swap 2 Solaris 2.6 Swap Solaris pkgadd 100MB system SUNWsprot Solaris Bundled tools system SUNWtoo Programming Tools system SUNWbtool CCS tools bundled with SunOS system SUNWhea SunOS Header Files system SUNWarc Archive Libraries system SUNWntpr NTP, (Root) system SUNWntpu NTP, (Usr) system SUNWscpu Source Compatibility, (Usr) system SUNWlibC SPARCompilers Bundled libc system SUNWlibm Sun WorkShop Bundled libm Solaris OpenWindows rpc nscd Name Service Cache Daemon Apache Netscape Enterprise Server 1-13 -
3.2 FreeBSD GENERIC FreeBSD GENERIC SCSI 10 CD-ROM NFS MSDOSFS CD9660 ed0aic0 nca0 maxusers NMBCLUSTER FD SETSIZE LINT /sys/i386/conf LINT GENERIC FreeBSD GENERIC kernel.generic 1.5MB 764KB 3.4 Solaris Solaris FreeBSD boot -r /etc/system FD pty Sun AnswerBook Solaris- FAQ - 14 -
Solaris /dev/tcp ndd tcp ndd usr/sbin/ndd/dev/tcp? 4 Server Software 4.1 WWW WWW HTTP HTTP TCP TCP HTTP WWW CGI URL CGI CGI IP FQDN(Full Qualify Domain Name) (DNS) 4.1.1 WWW WWW I/O CGI CGI fork CGI CPU CGI C Perl CGI Perl Perl C - 15 -
1 100 WWW 1 10 DNS FQDN ISP 4.1.2 WWW 1 WWW WWW 1 1 1 1MB 1 10 10MB 100 100MB 1 100 CPU 10 1 0.1 10 1 10MB 4.1.3 WWW 1 WWW 4.1.4 WWW Server Software WWW CERN NCSAhttpd Apache phttpd thttpd fork CERN fork fd passing NCSA httpd fork select - 16 -
4.1.5 CERN Server CERN WWW WWW Proxy fork Proxy WWW 1 1 fork 4.1.6 NCSA httpd NCSA httpd NCSA(National Center for Supercomputing Applications) fork CERN URL CERN 60% 4.1.7 Apache WEB Apache WEB Apache fork fork CERN NCSA httpd 4.1.8 phttpd phttpd fork Netscape Enterprise Server Solaris OS Solaris 4.1.9 thttpd thttpd select fork URL 6 WWW - 17 -
4.1.10 CGI WWW CGI CGI Common Gateway Interface WWW WebBSS WebChatt WebBSS Perl CGI CGI WWW fork exec fork 1 2 UNIX ( ) copy on write exec fork exec copy on write copy on write Netscape Enterprise Server HTML CGI fork 10MB 1 800KB 100 50MB fork exec 50MB fork Apache fork WWW 4.2 NEWS NEWS 1 50GB NEWS - 18 -
4.2.1 NEWS I/O 6Mbps T1 15GB fullfeed 4.2.3 I/O 4.2.4 overview history cancel 4.2.5 INN(before1.x) NEWS INN INN ufs(unix File System) news.software.nntp 350 /var/spool/news/news/software/nntp/350 1 cancel( ) /var/spool/news/control /var/spool/news/control ufs 4.2.6 ufs ufs 1-19 -
1000 UNIX ufs vxfs vxfs Windows NT 4.2.7 Diablo NEWS Diablo ISP I/O active newsgroups ( ) Diablo active INN 1.x 5 10 INN 1 1 1 Diablo (100 1000 ) 4.2.8 INN(version2.x) INN 2.0 CNFS(Cyclic News File System) cancel Diablo 4.3 Mail 2 POP3 SMTP PC 1 4.3.1 sendmail - 20 -
sendmail qmail sendmail + WIDE patch + smtpfeed 4.3.2 Sendmail sendmail sendmail sendmail + WIDE patch WIDE patch TCP 1000 3 sendmail MX user1@foo.co.jp user2@sh.foo.co.jp foo.co.jp sh.foo.co.jp MX 1 100 MX 1 1 4.3.3 qmail qmail sendmail qmail-smtpd qmail-inject qmail-remote sendmail qmail 1000 sendmail 1 usr@foo.co.jp usr1@foo.co.jp usr2@foo.co.jp 100 100 1 100 I/O - 21 -
4.3.4 sendmail + WIDE patch + smtpfeed sendmail( 8.9)+ WIDE patch + smtpfeed smtpfeed sendmail 1 mailer sendmail sendmail sendmail LMTP(Local Mail Transfer Protocol) MX select A B DX4 1600 3 90% 1 qmail smtpfeed 4.3.5 POP3 SMTP POP3 SMTP SMTP POP qpopper /spool/mail ufs 4.3.6 qpopper qpopper 1 ufs qpopper 4.3.7 CPU - 22 -
3 NEWS A B C A B 3 A B C A B C B C C CPU B CPU NEWS B C A B 5 1-23 -
5.1 DNS DNS 1 WEB DNS NEWS 10 goo Infoseek asahi.com WEB DNS A CNAME A 3 A 3 www IN A 10.10.10.1 IN A 10.10.10.2 IN A 10.10.10.3 1 2 3 A 1 10.10.10.1,10.10.10.2,10.10.10.3 2 10.10.10.2,10.10.10.3,10.10.10.1 3 3 A 3 CNAME CNAME bind 4 bind 8 options multipl-cnames yes; www IN CNAME www1 IN CNAME www2 IN CNAME www3 www1 IN A 10.10.10.1 www2 IN A 10.10.10.2-24 -
www3 IN A 10.10.10.2 bind 8 multiple-cnames yes; CNAME CNAME 1 A CNAME 2 2 A A A CNAME 1 CNAME CNAME A A A 6 6.1 news.nspixp.wide.ad.jp[1996/10] WIDE Project IX(Internet exchange) NEWS Nspixp news.nspixp.wide.ad.jp 1 1 3 A B C A B B C C A nmtp IX 1 1996 CPU 133MHz Pentium 128MB - 25 -
HD 2GB 2 4GB 1 2GB 1 1 history 4G SCSI 2GB 2 1 1 Diablo CPU vmstat 50% CPU 200MHz Pentium Pro netstat incoming outgoing outgoing incoming Ethernet Ethernet 100Mbps Ethernet 100Mbps 10Mbps 1 Ethernet FreeBSD mount option noatime UNIX open close i 1 2 NEWS i noatime async async 128MB async Diablo shm( ) shm SPAM( ) config shm Diablo SPAM shm incoming 12GB 1 60 GB outgoing incoming 18.57GB/ outgoing - 26 -
2 1 expire expire outgoing 43.17GB expire 30 6.2 news.nspixp2.wide.ad.jp[1998/1] news.nspixp.wide.ad.jp I/O news.nspixp2.wide.ad.jp 98 1 CPU 333MHz Pentium 384MB HD 9GB 2 CPU CPU CPU CPU NEWS 256MB 128MB DIMM 3 384MB I/O 9GB ccd FDDI 6.3 news.nspixp2.wide.ad.jp news.nspixp2.wide.ad.jp 31 ISP 1 incoming 55 80 18GB 23GB 2Mbps T1 1 330GB outgoing 98 12 6 1 incoming 25.7GB outgoing 361GB FDDI 40% FDDI - 27 -
6.4 sh.janog.gr.jp[1998/8] JANOG 98 8 sh.janog.gr.jp JANOG WWW CPU 100MHz DX4 ODP 16MB HD SCSI 2G1 MB ISA/VL OS FreeBSD RELEASE 2.2.7 www thttpd2.04 mail sendmail 8.9.1a + WIDE patch 3.1W + smtpfeed0.90 JANOG NTTPC DEC PC CPU 66MHz 486DX DX4 ODP 16MB OS 1MB 16MB SCSI 1 2GB SCSI Adaptec 1542CF ISA/VL JANOG 5 16MB smtpfeed 2MB sendmail sendmail thttpd 1MB fork bash tcsh 16MB 1660 WWW 6.5 Solaris 2.x Ultra 1( 512MB) 1GB 1GB - 28 -
512MB 60MB 70MB CPU Ultra 1(UltraSPARC 167MHz) CPU 1GB CPU 6.6 Solaris 2.x SPARCengine Ultra AXi Sun OEM Sun OEM OEM PDF ATX 300MHz UltraSPARC- i CPU CPU 1GB SCSI ( Ultra5 SCSI ) Ultra10 7000 PCI CD-ROM 100 PC Sun Sun 6.7 - TIPS - 29 -
8-2 10 2 2 CPU JANOG CPU DX4 Ethernet ED0 10Mbps 64Kbps 128Kbps 10Mbps sh.janog 10Mbps Ethernet CPU 3 CPU smtpfeed 1 async option 1 WEB ufs 2 3 8GB 2GB 4 1 2GB - 30 -
CPU 0.1 10 WWW NEWS DNS 1 10 5% 10% - 31 -