Title ベンタムにおける徳と幸福 Author(s) 児玉, 聡 Citation 実践哲学研究 (1999), 22: 33-52 Issue Date 1999 URL http://hdl.handle.net/2433/59219 Right Type Departmental Bulletin Paper Textversion publisher Kyoto University
1 ( ) 2 E D 3 4 disposition emotion passion appetite 1 1999 9 15-6 ( ) 2 Jeremy Bentham, An Introduction to the Principles of Morals and Legislation (hereafter IPML), Oxford, 1996. ( 49 J S 1979 ) 3 David Baumgardt, Bentham and the Ethics of Today, Princeton UP, 1952, p. 236. 4 Ibid. -33-
(IPML 3)? Deontology 5 (1) (2) (3) (4) 5 Jeremy Bentham, Deontology together with A Table of the Springs of Action and Article on Utilitarianism (hereafter D), Amnon Goldworth ed., Clarendon Press, 1983. -34-
(5) (IPML 3) 11 disposition 1.1 [ hexis] disposition disposition hexis ( habitus) ( ) 6 1.2 [ ] 6 W. D. Ross (Nicomachean Ethics, Oxford Works of Aristotle Translated into English, Vol. IX, in McKeon ed., Introduction to Aristotle, Oxford, 1925.) hexis state disposition WWW http://classics.mit.edu/aristotle/nicomachaen.html -35-
frame of mind (IPML 125) fictitious entity 7 1.3 [ ] ( IPML 125a, D 110 ) firm infirm beneficent pernicious (IPML 125) tendency 7 (IPML 78i, 119z) (D 349) -36-
(IPML 126) (IPML 126) (IPML 134) (IPML 141) -37-
2.1 [ ] A 1814 1831 (1832 ) 1834 (D xxi-xxii) 8 (1983 ) 9 10 8 Jeremy Bentham, Deontology; or The Science of Morality: in which the harmony and coincidence of duty and self-interest, virtue and felicity, prudence and benevolence, are explained and exemplified. From the MSS. of Jeremy Bentham. Arranged and edited by John Bowring, 2 vols., London and Eginburgh, 1834. 9 (D xxix-xxxiii) 10 Bhikhu Parekh ed., Bentham s Political Thought, Croom Helm London, 1973. -38-
2.2 [ ] 1829 (D 119) (D 121) 11 (D 121-247) (D 249-81) (D xx) 11 Deontology deon ( ) logia ( ) Robert B. Louden, Toward a Genealogy of Deontology (in Journal of the History of Philosophy, Vol. XXXIV, October 1996, No. 4, pp. 571-92) -39-
(1) (2) (3) (4) 3.1 [ ] (D 126a, 208) ( real entity ) (D 208) (D 126a) 12 (D 208) (D 78) 12 (Works of Jeremy Bentham, ed. John Bowring, 11 vols., Edinburgh, 1843.) 8 (De l ontologie et autres textes sur les fictions, Texte anglais établi par Philip Schofield, Traduction et commentaires par Jean-Pierre Cléro et Christian Laval, Éditions du Seuil, 1997.) -40-
( ) 13 14 3.2 [ ] (D 208) 15 (D 209) ( well-being 16 ) 13 D 74 14 15 cf. David Hume, A Treatise of Human Nature, Oxford UP, 1978, p. 469. 16 happiness well-being (D 130) -41-
(D 160) 3.3 [ ] (D 178-9) 17 (D 188) 3.4 [ ] 17 D 179-42-
( ) 18 ( ) (D 156-9) (D 155-6) 18 7 ( 9 ) J O ( 1998 ) -43-
(D 155-6, 179) (1) benevolence prudence (2) prudence (3) (4) 19 (4) (2) 4.1 [ ( )] 19 William Paley, The Principles of Moral and Political Philosophy, London, 1811, p. 43-4. prudence (1) (2) (1) (2) prudence -44-
(1) (2) (1) (2) beneficence (D 178) (D 122) (2) probity (D 190, 210; ) primary virtues secondary virtues 2 ( ) ( (cf. D 127a) -45-
) 4.2 [ ] (D 187) (D 188) (D 179) [ ] purely self-regarding extra-regarding (D 123) (D 123-4) -46-
4.3 [ ] (D 184, 212) 20 (D 185, 212) 20 benevolence (1) ( universal benevolence D 129) (2)beneficence -47-
(D 154, 211) (D 127, 220) (D 183, 185-6, 212) ( ) (1) (2) 5.1 [ ] (1) -48-
(D 148) ( ) ( ) 21 22 5.2 [ ] (2) ( ) ( ) 21 D 181 22 4-49-
5.3 [ ] -50-
( ) (D 182, 193, 196-7) 23 5.4 [ ] 24 (D 193-4) 23 (D 197) 24 D 176-7 -51-
5.5 [ ] ( ) kodama@ethics.bun.kyoto-u.ac.jp -52-