2000.8.26 PDF 2001.1.9 3 3 3 1
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= Liberty = E Pluribus Unum One Unity Composed of Many Parts = In God We Trust 3
1864 1956 Law 36 U.S.C. 186 4
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Section 324 1955 31 324 31 U.S.C. Liberty United States of America E Pluribus Unum 10 5 1 In God We Trust Public Law 140 Public Law 851 6
Goodbye God be with you Under God So help me God 7
1861 National Reform Association the Reverend M.R. Watkinson 1864 4 22 1955 Public Law 140 Public Law 851 8
1954 UNDER GOD So help me God 1957 10 9
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1978 American Atheists Madalyn Murray O Hair 1919 1959 1963 1 14 1 14 11
=church 12
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1 1955 49 70 40 70 42 12 17 22 23 56 38 72 72 76 94 (C) 14
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50 5 "With God, All Things are Possible" 2000 4 17
In God We Trust (*1) *1 2000.7.3 *2 American Atheists http://atheists.org/ http://www.cco.net/~paz/motto&songs.htm Alabama Audemus Jura Nostra Defendere "We defend rights" dare our 18
Alaska "North to the Future" Arizona Ditat Deus "God Enriches" Arkansas Regnat Populus "The rule" people California Eureka Colorado Nil sine numine "I have found it" "Nothing without Providence" Connecticu t Qui Transtulit Sustinet "He Who Transplanted Still Sustains" Deleware "Liberty and Independence" Distric of Justitia Columbia Omnibus "Justice for all" Florida "In God We Trust" Georgia "Agriculture & Commerce", & "Wisdom, Justice, Moderation" 19
Hawaii Idaho Ua Mau ke Ea o ka Aina i ka Pono Esto perpetua "The life of the land is perpetuated in righteousness" "It is Forever" Illinois Indiana Iowa "State Sovereignty--National Union" "The Crossroads of America "Our Liberties We Prize, & Our Rights We Will Maintain" Kansas Ad astra per aspera "To the stars through difficulties" "United We Stand, Divided We Kentucky Fall" "Union, Justice, and Louisiana Confidence" 20
Maine Dirigo "I Direct" Fatti Mashchii, & Maryland Bonae Parole Femine Voluntatis Tuae Scuto Coronasti Nos "Manly Deeds" & "With Favor Wilt Thou Compass Us As With a Shield" Massachus etts Ense Petit Placidam Sub Libertate Quietem "By the sword we seek peace, but peace only under liberty" Si "If you seek a Quaeris-Peni pleasant Michigan nsulam peninsula, look Amoenam, around you" Circumspice Minnesota L'Etoile Nord du "The Star" North 21
Mississippi Virtute armis et "By Valor and Arms" Missouri Salus Populi Suprema Lex Est "The welfare of the people shall be the supreme law" Montana Oro y Plata "Gold Silver" Nebraska "Equality Before Law" and Nevada "All For Our Country" New "Live Free or Die" Hampshire New Jersey "Liberty and Prosperity" New Crescit Mexico Eundo New York Excelsior "It grows as it goes" "Ever Upward" North Carolina Esse videri quam "To be rather than to seem" 22
North Dakota "Liberty and Union Now & Forever, One and Inseparable" Ohio "With God, All Things are Possible" Labor Omnia Oklahoma Vincit "Labor conquers things" all Oregon The Union; Alis Volat propriis "She flies with her own wings" Pennsylvan ia "Virtue, Liberty, and Independence" Rhode Island "Hope" South Carolina Animis Opibusque Parati "Prepared in mind and resources" South Dakota "Under God the People Rule" 23
Tennessee "Agriculture & Commerce" Texas "Friendship" Utah "Industry" Vermont "Freedom and Unity" Virginia Sic semper tyrannis "Thus always to tyrants" Washingto n Alki "Bye Bye" and West Virginia "Mountaineer Montani s are always Semper Liberi free" Wisconsin "Forward" Wyoming "Equal Rights" kasetsu.maruyama.@nifty.com 24