?........ 1
? 1834 1896 100 1997??? 2
1 2 3. 1 1. 2. 1Werner Sombart (1863~1941) 3
3. 4. 1848 3 1100 2 3 3000 6000 12 1143 J 4 2 The Trent: Staffordshire 3 The Severn 4 Hamber 270 : Bristol 340km 4 John Ruskin (1819~1900)
designer craftsman Gothic Architecture 5
J 5 5 Hannah Arendt (1906~1975) 6
1700 1850 6 instinct of workmanship (1998) J 7 6 Thorstein Veblen (1857~1929) 7 John Hooper Harvey 1911 7
. 8 8 8
9 10 11 12 9 1859 1860 10 John William Mackail (1859~1945) Life of William Morris London 1899 11 Charles Robert Ashbee (1863 1942 ) An Endeavour towords the teaching of John Ruskin and WilliamMorris London 1901 12 19 tears and troubles 1883 9
. 1 13 20 ( ) 14 2 J A 15 13 1907 1988 14 Lewis Mumford 1895 15 John Atkinson Hobson (1858~1940) 10
3 19 11
. 12 13 12
. 13
100 16 Useful Work -Political Writings 14
17 1883 17 News from Nowhere 1891: 15
( ) 18. 100 100 18 Earthly Paradaise 16
19 19 20 21 19 Loger Coleman 1943 17
4 18
?? 20 20 1929-1982 19
100 20
1990 11 Willia Morris Linda Parry 1998.2 1990.3 S 1994 4 1971 4 1952 2 1943 1987 7 1994 4 T 1961 T 1997 21
1980 1996 4 1986 1986 1993 5 R 1997 8 1987 5. 1990 3 1972 I News from Nowhere Hopes and Fears in Art The Earthly Paradise Signs of Change The Art of People Useful Work versus Useless Toil 1998 1997 1998 11 22