II 1 1993 Making Democracy Work 15 1
(i) Francis Fukuyama (ii) 16
(iii) OECD (i) 17
PTA 2002 (OSIPP) (bonding) (bridging) 18
3 linking (ii) (structural) cognitive JICA(2002) 2000 Bowling Alone 19
7 7 II-4 (ii) 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% 20
90 95 II-5 OECD 2001 0.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 70.0 1990 1995 21
OECD2001 22
(i) Bowling Alone (ii) 23
(iii) 24
OECD2001 (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) (v) OECD2001 TV 25
Hodgkinson NPO NPO 26
IT e- IT 27
Coleman,1988 Baker,2000 Saguaro Seminar 2001 Maloney,2001 Hofferth,1998 Iceland1998 Fukuyama,1995;1999 15 OECD OECD2001 (i) (ii) 28
14 II6 1000 0.88 0.83 0.78 0.78 0.74 1988 1992 0.84 0.77 1000 NPO 0.82 0.65 0.66 0.73 0.67 0.92 0.84 Putnam(2000);Bowling Alone Hall,1999 29
Saguaro Seminar 2001 10 OECD 30
Bowling Alone (capital) 31
32