113
2 50 1 3 ( 5-1) 1970 1985 115
19851995 9 5-1 24(1950-1970 )16(1970-1985 )4(1985-1995 ) 116
( 5-2) 5-2 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 1 3 3 2 1 1 3 (DID)( 5-3) 19601995 43 64 5-3 DID 90,000,000 0.7 80,000,000 0.6 DID() 70,000,000 60,000,000 50,000,000 40,000,000 30,000,000 20,000,000 10,000,000 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 DID 0 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 0 1980 117
1 1995 ( 5-4) 23 10 1960 19601995 33 6411510 5-4 (1960 100 ) 220 200 180 160 140 120 100 80 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 (1980) 55 10 1 1995 10 1 (1980) 55 10 1 118
3 2 ( 5-5)1851 50.1 1901 77.0 20 50 80 1951 19 5-5 100 90 80 (%) 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 1840 1860 1880 1900 1920 1940 1960 1980 2000 ANNUAL ABSTRACT OF STATISTICS 1994 (1985) 1971 1981 20 20 (South East)(West Midlands) (East Midlands)(South West) (East Anglia) 3 2/3 1970 19111996 4019 (North West) (North)1970 ( 5-6) 2 1971 (Urban areas)(rural districts) 119
() 5-6 6,000 5,000 4,000 3,000 2,000 1,000 0 1900 1920 1940 1960 1980 2000 (1911 100 ) ANNUAL ABSTRACT OF STATISTICS 1998 120
ONS(Office for National Statistics) ( 5-7)(1950 )6 (1960 )(1970 ) 1,200 5-7 1,000 () 800 600 400 200 0 1900 1920 1940 1960 1980 2000 ANNUAL ABSTRACT OF STATISTICS 1998 10 6 19111951 6 4 (Non-metropolitan districts) 1,919 (1911 )2,107 (1931 )2,420 (1951 ) 19 20 ( 5-13 ) 1980 ( ) 1990 6 121
() (Regierungsbezirk) 3 ( 5-8) - (Schleswig-Holstein)(Niedersachsen) (Bayern) 19501960 -(Nordrhein- Westfalen)-(Baden-Württenberg) 19701980 - -(Rheinland-Pfalz) - 19871996 5-8 3 (Regierungsbezirk) 122
Statistisches Jahrbuch für die Bundesrepublik Deutschland 1962,1981,1997 1996 1939 Düsseldorf,Köln,Münster,Detmord,Arnsberg 1961 Darmstadt,Giesen 1978 Darmstadt 1939 1950 Kassel 1978 4 90 (kreisfreie Stadt) 5 1995 ( 5-9)1961 1995 18.51020 50 2.5(Kreis) 24.4 4 (dezentrale Konzentration) 100 2 50 11 5 (Kreis)(Gemeinde) 1995 90 22 1,666 /km 2 186 /k m 2 9 1961 143 1970 1995 90 1995 1961 51.1 90 1995 31.1 4.8 123
5-9 (1961 100 ) (1961 100 ) Statistisches Jahrbuch für die Bundesrepublik Deutschland 1962,1972,1981,1997 1995 90 1995 1961 100 Bremen Bremerhaven 2 ( 70 ) (dezentrale Konzentration) 124
( 5-10) (Île-de-France) 4 ( 5-13) 5-10 6,000 5,000 4,000 3,000 2,000 1,000 0 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 ANNUAIRE STATISTIQUE DE LA FRANCE 1962,1970/71,1979,1983,1998 (4 ) 96 8 4 19751995 2 20.6 Eure-et- Loir,Loiret,Eure,Oise 4 4 (1 6 ) 114 19461995 (departement)( 5-11) Corse 1960 TGV 1960 125
5-11 (19541975 ) (19751995 ) ANNUAIRE STATISTIQUE DE LA FRANCE 1962,1970/71,1979,1983,1998 Corse21Corse 126
INSEE() (Villes et agglomeration urbaines) 6 199010 5819751990(5-12) 7.5502030 10 10 6.350 2030 1963 (DATAR) (1963 ) 210 (1973 )5,0002 (1975 ) DATAR (FIAT)(PAT) 6 (departement)(chef-lieu) 8.8 19751990 (96 89 ) 36,000 (commune) INSEE 10 (Villes et agglomeration urbaines) 1990 60 2 (Pointe-a-Pitre-Les-Abymes Saint-Denis)1975 1982 58 58 1990 44.6 3.0 127
5-12 1975 100 1975 100 ANNUAIRE STATISTIQUE DE LA FRANCE 1979,1983,1998 1990 10 60 (Villes et agglomeration urbaines) 2 (Pointe-a-Pitre-Les-Abymes Saint-Denis)1975 1982 58 1990 1975 100 128
3 3 5-13 100 2 3 3 129
5-13 4,000 3,500 3,000 2,500 2,000 1,500 1,000 500 1995 1991 () (km 2 ) (/km 2 ) 1,812 27,224 666 707 1,578 4,483 271 321 8,436 0 1900 1920 1940 1960 1980 2000 4,000 3,500 3,000 2,500 2,000 1,500 1,000 500 1995 1990 () (km 2 ) (/km 2 ) 1,330 36,567 364 1,098 12,012 914 932 2,377 3,920 213 105 20,218 0 1900 1920 1940 1960 1980 2000 4,000 3,500 3,000 2,500 2,000 1,500 1,000 500 1995 1996 () (km 2 ) (/km 2 ) 3,952 32,144 1,229 3,258 13,279 2,453 1,177 2,102 5,601 0 1900 1920 1940 1960 1980 2000 ANNUAL ABSTRACT OF STATISTICS 1998ANNUAIRE STATISTIQUE DE LA FRANCE 1962,1970/71,1979,1983,1998 4 19751995 2 (20.6) Eure-et- Loir,Loiret,Eure,Oise 4 INSEE (Villes et agglomeration urbaines) 1990 130
() 19901995 () 2 2025 2025 (1995 100 ) 96 87 79 2050 80 ( 5-1) 1997 19901995 2025 2050 20202025 7 70 8 60 2025 2050 ( 5-14) 7 20252050 131
5-1(2025 ) 1995 2025 2025 () () (1995 :100) () (1995 :100) 5,692 5,305 93 5,109 90 1,482 1,381 93 1,262 85 1,420 1,326 93 1,241 87 2,329 2,298 99 2,519 108 1,214 1,062 87 961 79 1,257 1,165 93 1,092 87 2,134 2,076 97 2,036 95 2,956 2,904 98 3,289 111 1,984 1,929 97 2,044 103 2,004 1,943 97 1,986 99 6,759 6,869 102 8,074 119 5,798 5,737 99 6,477 112 11,774 10,942 93 9,407 80 8,246 8,210 100 8,489 103 2,488 2,330 94 2,278 92 1,123 1,021 91 1,003 89 1,180 1,125 95 1,119 95 827 795 96 746 90 882 855 97 962 109 2,194 2,100 96 2,199 100 2,100 2,011 96 2,022 96 3,738 3,609 97 3,620 97 6,868 6,859 100 6,832 99 1,841 1,738 94 1,913 104 1,287 1,308 102 1,585 123 2,630 2,526 96 2,434 93 8,797 8,467 96 7,270 83 5,402 5,193 96 5,620 104 1,431 1,387 97 1,594 111 1,080 968 90 980 91 615 580 94 545 89 771 704 91 639 83 1,951 1,861 95 1,887 97 2,882 2,760 96 2,711 94 1,556 1,386 89 1,262 81 832 754 91 736 88 1,027 944 92 933 91 1,507 1,386 92 1,281 85 817 721 88 681 83 4,933 4,803 97 5,073 103 884 866 98 827 94 1,545 1,486 96 1,271 82 1,860 1,781 96 1,741 94 1,231 1,131 92 1,053 86 1,176 1,141 97 1,081 92 1,794 1,690 94 1,570 88 1,273 1,478 116 1,457 114 125,571 120,911 96 120,911 96 (1997)( 9 5 ) 19901995 1995 132
5-14(2025,2050 ) (2025 ) (2050 ) (2025 ) (2050 ) 2025 (1997)( 9 5 ) 2050 20202025 20252050 2100 (-0.9420602063 ) 20252050 19901995 1995 5-2 (1998) () 133
5-2 1995 100 2010 2025 101.6 96.3 80.8 59.9 87.4 70.5 90.5 75.5 82.7 62.7 97.6 87.7 78.2 55.7 104.4 100.2 102.3 96.6 99.4 91.3 (1998) 5-3 (1992) 2010 () 19851990 19902010 3 12 10 63 32 20% 13 26 19902010 4 14 10 82 57 29 20 26 134
5-3 1990 2010 2,248.6 2,340.4 4.1 1,258.4 1,126.7 10.5 () () (% ) 918.4 1,085.9 18.2 249.5 241.6 3.2 1,482.9 1,209.4 18.4 122.0 107.7 11.7 94.8 90.0 5.0 287.8 239.2 16.9 62.0 56.1 9.5 99.9 89.5 10.4 174.7 154.3 11.7 64.2 75.6 17.7 100.8 88.8 11.9 241.1 218.8 9.2 65.6 50.8 22.5 43.1 39.2 9.2 39.2 31.6 19.3 42.0 37.4 11.1 42.1 39.2 6.8 48.0 38.3 20.1 53.7 61.9 15.2 38.2 32.4 15.1 60.9 54.2 10.9 35.4 34.1 3.8 31.6 26.2 17.1 41.3 37.4 9.6 58.5 72.5 23.9 33.3 29.4 11.6 48.5 41.9 13.6 38.1 41.6 9.2 57.3 61.5 7.2 1,416.9 1,231.1 13.1 1,227.5 1,004,8 18.1 42.8 42.7 0.2 278.5 287.8 3.3 302.4 295,4 2.3 23.9 18.3 23.4 58.5 44.1 24.6 55.9 39,643 29.1 37.0 33.1 10.5 37.9 29.5 22.2 42.3 34,463 18.5 2,104.1 2,022.8 3.9 58.2 57.0 2.0 68.2 49,410 27.5 277.5 278.0 0.2 70.5 65.9 6.5 44.4 40,329 9.3 119.1 111.9 6.0 58.8 62.8 6.8 34.3 22,787 33.5 314.6 331.5 5.4 38.7 35.3 8.9 36.5 30,656 16.1 355.8 346.6 2.6 28.9 21.4 26.2 40.4 32,594 19.4 45.6 46.3 1.4 62.0 60.0 3.2 42.4 30,865 27.2 49.1 47.3 3.6 27.2 21.1 22.7 60.7 63.6 4.8 52.5 27.8 47.1 37.3 32.3 13.4 34.4 28.3 17.7 39.1 34.9 10.8 28.9 21.3 26.3 34.9 34.4 1.5 1990 2010 1,563.0 1,311.2 16.1 1,168.9 1,044.2 10.7 () () (% ) 444.6 390.0 12.3 287.4 296.2 3.1 4,811.1 4,737.8 1.5 244.8 201.7 17.6 130.2 112.6 13.5 1,237.1 1,452.3 17.4 44.8 37.1 17.3 130.6 99.7 23.7 1,026,5 822.7 19.8 90.7 94.1 3.8 49.2 36.4 26.0 150.5 106.7 29.1 73.4 85.6 16.6 41.0 37.0 9.8 228.3 229.5 0.5 29.7 23.3 21.7 58.4 50.8 13.1 62.5 50.0 20.0 26.9 19.5 27.4 26.7 18.6 30.5 83.1 81.0 2.6 24.2 20.3 16.3 37.2 29.9 19.7 57.7 45.3 21.5 1,840.3 1,698.6 7.7 26.8 19.9 25.9 43.8 36.5 16.6 579.3 625.9 8.0 1,797.8 1,569.8 12.7 13.3 91.2 31.2 108.1 96.0 11.2 536.6 517.2 3.6 43.0 37.7 12.4 40.2 29.3 27.1 71.7 67.5 6.0 39.8 35.6 10.5 59.5 43.4 27.1 77.7 77.4 0.3 43.8 42.3 3.6 34.6 25.0 27.6 28.8 21.7 24.6 45.7 35.2 23.0 45.3 38.5 15.0 29.4 23.3 20.9 65.7 61.2 6.8 41.2 32.8 20.4 27.9 20.8 25.3 31.1 25.1 19.3 33.4 30.3 9.5 46.3 31.6 31.8 49.2 39.9 18.9 21.4 14.2 33.8 39.7 34.9 12.2 47.1 57.3 21.7 28.2 24.5 13.0 25.7 20.0 22.4 70.3 95.9 36.4 33.4 30.1 10.0 32.0 25.1 21.7 88.7 160.0 80.4 1,236.9 1,079.5 12.7 25.1 20.3 19.1 75.2 96.9 28.8 408.5 447.7 9.6 46.6 73.6 58.1 68.3 93.9 37.6 130.3 102.8 21.1 21.0 13.5 35.6 62.4 71.6 14.7 66.4 62.4 6.0 22.3 16.2 27.4 877.9 803.3 8.5 64.7 55.4 14.3 170.0 162.6 4.3 52.3 39.9 23.8 79.2 74.6 5.9 37.9 28.0 26.0 55.9 51.9 7.1 26.8 17.9 33.3 25.2 20.9 17.1 20.2 12.3 38.9 60.9 51.6 15.2 20.1 16.9 16.0 34.5 30.9 10.4 21.9 19.3 12.1 34.3 30.3 11.8 50.8 26.8 17.2 (1992)2010 135
(1995 665 ) 2/3( 444 ) 10 2 3 136
3 1 1.52.1 ( 5-4) 5-4 1.0 2.1 1.5 1.7 2.0 0.5 1.0 1.7 1.6 1.5 5.0 1.9 (1997) 137
1998 6 TEA21 (Transportation Equity Act for the 21st Century) 19982003 6 40% 2,179 1992 (Bundesverkehrswegeplännen)EU CO 2 19912010 20 (19861995 10 ) 4.5 4,143 DM( 2.7 2,538 DM) 1995 (1999 1 ) 2015 4 50km 45 () 5-5 5-5 (1995 ) (1995 ) (1992 ) 8.55 7.94 4.70 (1996)1995 138
5-15 5-15 100,000 90,000 80,000 70,000 60,000 50,000 40,000 30,000 20,000 10,000 0 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 5-6 139
5-6 (%) (%) 0 23.7 3 1 28.3 3 20.1 8 13.3 17 13.7 9 16.8 20 13.5 14 15.9 9 16.3 ( 3 3 )( 6 4 1 ) 280m ( 5-16) ( 5-17) 140
5-17 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% 59.4 41.9 73.2 62.8 66.4 5-18 1960 1970 (kompakte gemischte stadt) ( 5-18) 8 8 (Raumordnung in Deutschland1996) (Raumordnung in Deutschland1996) 141
100 19 (Garden Cities of Tomorrow,1989) 21 1998 ( ) 1998 3 (Potentieller Siedlungsbereich) 142
(Freiraum) 2 a. ( ) b. ((Siedlungsbereich) a. ) 15km (Entwicklungsraum Regionalpark) (Netz der Grünverbindungen) ( 5-19) 5-19 /(Zusammmen planen für Berlin und Brandenburg,1998.3) 21 (1998) 143
(1990) (1985) (1992) (1997)1997.12 (1996) (1998) (1997) (1998)21 (1978) 19501985 (1997) (1991)21 (1989) (1990) (1991),(1998)21 (TEA21)vol.1 No.2 1998 (1996) (1995)21 (1990)EC 1990.2 (1997) 1997.9 (1991),,(1997) 1997 Vol.3 (1996) (1992)2010 (1996)1885 Office for National Statistics ANNUAL ABSTRACT OF STATISTICS 1957,1963,1994,1997, 1998 (1994)AKADEMIE FÜR RAUMFORSCHUNG UND LANDESPLANUNG Handwörterbuch der Raumordnung Statistisches Bundesamt Statistisches Jahrbuch (1962,1972,1981,1992,1997) Bundesministerium für Raumordnung,Bauwesen und Städtebau(1993) Raumordnungspolitischer Orientierungsrahmen Bundesministerium für Raumordnung,Bauwesen und Städtebau(1995) Raumordnungspolitischer Handlungsrahmen Bundesministerium für Raumordnung,Bauwesen und Städtebau(1996) Raumordnung in Deutschland 144
Ministerium für Umwelt,Naturschutz und Raumordnung des Landes BrandenburgSenatsverwaltung für Stadtentwicklung und Umweltschutz des Landes Berlin(1998) Gemeinsames Landesentwicklungsprogramm Berlin/Brandenburg(LEPro), Gemeinsamer Landesentwicklungsplan für den engeren Verflechtungsraum Brandenburg/Berlin(LEPeV), Zusammen planen für Berlin und Brandenburg MINISTÈRE DE LÉCONOMIE,DES FINANCES ET DE LINDUSTRIE ANNUAIRE STATISTIQUE DE LA FRANCE (1962,1970/71,1979,1983,1998) 145