EBR-800MS

2-590-654-01(1) e-book Reader e-book Reader EBR-800MS Operating Instructions on page 227 Before operating the unit, please read this manual thoroughly and retain it for future reference. BBeB Dictionary BBeB Dictionary -ROM 88 MP3 EBR-800MS 2005 Sony Engineering Corporation

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CD-ROM CD-ROM CSVComma Separated ValueBBeB Dictionary CD-ROM CD-ROM OSMicrosoft Windows 98 Second Edition / Windows Millennium Edition / Windows 2000 Professional / Windows XP Home Edition / Windows XP Professional CPUCeleron 300MHz RAM64MB Windows XP 256MB 200MB 800 600 CD-ROM 104

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BBeB Dictionary EBOOK EBOOK - Windows CD-ROMMemory Stick FormatterMemory Stick Formatter Memory Stick Formatter Memory Stick Formatter 14 119

120 FAQ FAQFrequently Asked QuestionsQ&A 6 EBR-800MS 123 2425 121122 89

e-book Reader 4LR032 13514.197.5 mm// 170 g 195 g 535 1 42 CD-ROM1 EBR-800MS 1 1 1 A KA SA TA NA HA MA YA RA WA NN GA ZA DA BA PA CA LA I KI SI TI NI HI MI RI GI ZI DI BI PI YI SHI/CI CHI LI JI U KU SU TU NU HU MU YU RU GU ZU DU BU PU WU CU TSU FU LU E KE SE TE NE HE ME RE GE ZE DE BE PE CE LE O KO SO TO NO HO MO YO RO WO GO ZO DO BO PO CO LO 121

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z Tel. 0352104178 Gakken Co., Ltd. 6 Gakken Co., Ltd. Gakken Co., Ltd. Gakken Co., Ltd. 8 Gakken Co., Ltd. Tel. 0337268370 3 KONISHI Tomoshichi, MINAMIDE Kosei & Taishukan 2001-2004 2002 2 KONISHI Tomoshichi, MINAMIDE Kosei & Taishukan 2003-2004 z Tel. 0332942355 123

6 Oxford Advanced Learners Dictionary Oxford University Press 2000 Oxford University Press Tel. 0334596481 3 CD 3 2001 Tel. 0332622124 1992 1987 1992 2 2003 SHOGAKUKAN INC. All rights reserved 0120-665527 Sanseido Co., Ltd. 2004 3 Sanseido Co., Ltd. 2004 5 Sanseido Co., Ltd. 2004 Sanseido Co., Ltd. 2004 Tel. 0332309416 124

Tel. 0337630511 Ichiro Tatsumi, Sky Heather Tatsumi, DHC Corporation DHC DHC Tel. 0335851581 Sanshusha Publishing.Co., Ltd. Sanshusha Publishing.Co., Ltd. Sanshusha Publishing.Co., Ltd. Sanshusha Publishing.Co., Ltd. Tel. 0337130944 Sanshusha Publishing.Co., Ltd. Sanshusha Publishing.Co., Ltd. Sanshusha Publishing.Co., Ltd. Sanshusha Publishing.Co., Ltd. 125

... Abbreviations and grammar labels used in the dictionary... abbr. abbreviation adj. adjective adv. adverb AmE American English AustralE Australian English BrE British English C countable noun conj. conjunction det. determiner etc. et cetera (= and so on) IrishE Irish English n. noun NorthE Northern English NZE New Zealand English pl. plural pp past participle prep. preposition pron. pronoun pt past tense sb somebody ScotE Scottish English sing. singular sth something symb symbol U uncountable noun v. verb... Symbols used in the dictionary... ~ replaces the headword of an entry x shows new part of speech in an entry B derivative(s) section of an entry taboo (see Labels below) idiom(s) section of an entry phrasal verb(s) section of an entry... Labels used in the dictionary... The following labels are used with words that express a particular attitude or are appropriate in a particular situation.! 126

approving expressions show that you feel approval or admiration, for example dispassionate, feisty, petite. disapproving expressions show that you feel disapproval or contempt, for example blinkered, faceless, jumped-up. figurative language is language that is used in a non-literal or metaphorical way, as in He didn t want to cast a shadow on (= spoil) their happiness. formal expressions are usually only used in serious or official language and would not be appropriate in normal everyday conversation. Examples are admonish, juncture, withhold. humorous expressions are intended to be funny, for example impecunious, warpaint and not a dry eye in the house. informal expressions are used between friends or in a relaxed or unofficial situation. They are not appropriate for formal situations. Examples are dodgy, party-pooper, zap. ironic language uses words to mean the opposite or something very different from the meaning they seem to have, as in You re a great help, I must say! (= no help at all) literary language is used mainly in literature and imaginative writing, for example aflame, halcyon, serpentine.... The following labels show other restrictions on the use of words. AmE describes expressions, spellings and pronunciations used in American English and not in British English, for example bleachers, blindside, blooper. BrE describes expressions used in British English and not in American English, for example jumble sale, agony aunt, chinwag. offensive expressions are used by some people to address or refer to people in a way that is very insulting, especially in connection with their race, religion, sex or disabilities, for example mulatto, slut, cretin. They should be avoided. rare words exist in English but are not commonly used. Sometimes there is a more frequent form of the word that is usually used instead. For example illumine means the same as illuminate, but is much less frequent. slang is very informal language, mainly used in speaking and sometimes restricted to a particular group of people, for example people of the same age or those who have similar interests or do the same job. Examples are dosh and dweeb. spoken expressions are used mainly in informal conversations, for example Give me a break! or Don t ask! technical language is used by people who specialize in a particular subject area. written expressions are used mainly in written language, for example groundswell, hotfoot, vis-à-vis.! Taboo words are likely to be thought by many people to be obscene or shocking and you should avoid using them. Examples are bloody and shit. dialect describes expressions that are mainly used in particular regions of the British Isles, not including Scotland or Ireland, for example beck, nowt. 127

128 old-fashioned expressions are passing out of current use, for example balderdash, beanfeast, blithering. old use describes expressions that are no longer in current use, for example ere, hearken, perchance. saying describes a well-known fixed or traditional phrase, such as a proverb, that is used to make a comment, give advice, etc., for example actions speak louder than words and it s all Greek to me. shows registered trademarks that belong to manufacturing companies, even though the expressions may be commonly used in speech and writing, for example Band-Aid, Frisbee, Vegeburger.... Key to verb patterns... Intransitive verbs [V] verb used alone A large dog appeared. [V+adv./prep.] verb + adverb or prepositional phrase A group of swans floated by. Transitive verbs [VN] verb + noun phrase Jill s behaviour annoyed me. [VN+adv./prep.] verb + noun phrase + adverb or prepositional phrase He kicked the ball into the net. Transitive verbs + two objects [VNN] verb + noun phrase + noun phrase I gave Sue a book for Christmas. Linking verbs [V-ADJ] verb + adjective His voice sounds hoarse. [V-N] verb + noun phrase Elena became a doctor. [VN-ADJ] verb + noun phrase + adjective She considered herself lucky. [VN-N] verb + noun phrase + noun phrase They elected him president. Verbs used with clauses or phrases [V that] verb + that clause [V (that)] He said that he would prefer to walk. [VN that] verb + noun phrase + that clause [VN (that)] Can you remind me that I need to buy some milk? [V wh-] verb + wh- clause I wonder what the job will be like. [VN wh-] verb + noun phrase + wh- clause I asked him where the hall was.

[V to inf] verb + to infinitive The goldfish need to be fed. [VN to inf] verb + noun phrase to infinitive He was forced to leave the keys. [VN inf] verb + noun phrase + infinitive without to Did you hear the phone ring? [V -ing] verb + -ing phrase She never stops talking! [VN -ing] verb + noun phrase + -ing phrase His comments set me thinking. Verbs + direct speech [V speech] verb + direct speech It s snowing, she said. [VN speech] verb + noun phrase + direct speech Tom s coming to lunch, she told him.... 129

... Key to dictionary entries... Finding the word Information in the dictionary is given in entries, arranged in alphabetical order of headwords. Some headwords can have more than one part of speech: There are some words in English that have the same spelling as each other but different pronunciations and completely different meanings: 130

There are also some words in English that have more than one possible spelling or form, when both spellings or forms are acceptable. Information about these words is given at the most frequent spelling or form: At the entry for the less frequent spelling a cross-reference directs you to the main entry: American English variants and irregular forms of verbs are treated in the same way. Some words that are derivatives of other, more frequent words, do not have their own entry in the dictionary, because they can be easily understood from the meaning of the word from which they are derived (the root word). They are given in the same entry as the root word, in a specially marked section: 131

Finding the meaning Some words have a lot of possible meanings and the entries for them can be very long. It is not usually necessary to read the whole entry from the beginning, if you already know something about the context or general meaning you are looking for: By looking down the left-hand side of the entry and just reading the short cuts, you can quickly find the meaning you want. 132

Using the word The entries in this dictionary contain a lot more than just the meanings of words. They show you how to use the word in your own speaking and writing. 133

Build your vocabulary The dictionary also contains a lot of information that will help you increase your vocabulary and use the language productively: Cross-references refer you to information in other parts of the dictionary: 134

... Understanding definitions... All the definitions in the dictionary are written using a vocabulary of 3000 common words. This makes them clear and easy to understand. Reading through the following points before you start to use the dictionary will make understanding the definitions even simpler. Important The following are used a very large number of times: sb = somebody/someone sth = something etc. = and other things of the same sort For example, if you say that something is used in books, newspapers, etc., you mean that you are also including magazines and journals. particular is used to emphasize that you are referring to one individual person, thing or type of thing and not others. especially is used to give the most common or typical example of something. For example, the meaning of the verb to train is shown as to prepare yourself for a particular activity, especially a sport Describing objects and substances The definition might refer to the shape and or size of an object. Make sure that you know what the following words mean: round, square, circular, hollow, solid, broad, narrow. Other features of the object might be mentioned: appearance: simple, plain, complicated, decorative, rough, smooth, pointed colour: dark, light, pale, bright, coloured, colourless According to its function, the object might be a container, device, instrument, machine, mechanism or tool. It might be made of fabric or cloth (including cotton, wool, fur, silk), metal (including iron, steel, gold, silver) or glass. Material is a general word that means anything that something is made of. For example a cushion is a fabric bag filled with soft material, and adobe is mud that is used as a building material. Matter [U] is any substance that physically exists, used especially when defining more technical words. For example, a technical meaning of suspension is a liquid with very small pieces of solid matter floating in it. A substance may be liquid or solid or it may be a gas. REMEMBER a vehicle could be a car, lorry/truck/van or train. An aircraft could be a plane or a helicopter. 135

Describing food Food and drink are described as bitter, sweet, salty, sour, or spicy. An amount of a food prepared in a particular way and served at a meal is called a dish. Describing people People (or human beings) are male or female, adults or children. They, their behaviour or their attitude could be friendly, bad-tempered, aggressive, honest, dishonest, sincere, calm, anxious, nervous, pleasant, unpleasant, intelligent, stupid, polite or rude. The way or manner in which somebody does something may be important. People do things deliberately or on purpose (= they mean to do it) or accidentally or by mistake (= they do not mean to do it). Somebody may have or show a quality or feeling such as respect, interest, pleasure, skill, emotion, excitement, enthusiasm, sympathy, courage or determination. Or they may show a lack of one of these qualities or a desire to do something. Describing organizations An organization may be a business, a company, an institution, a club or a group of people who work together for a particular aim. The people who lead an organization, a government or society can be called people in authority. Describing actions An event may be a ceremony, a festival or a celebration. It could be public, private, official or social. An occasion is a time when something happens. For example, a referendum is an occasion when all the people of a country can vote on an important issue. Something that somebody does, or something that happens may be described as an act, an action, an activity or a process (= a series of connected actions). When a noun is very closely linked to a verb, it may be defined in terms of the verb as the act/ action/activity/process of For example, one of the meanings of achievement is the act or process of achieving sth. Your experience [U] is the things you have done and the knowledge you have gained; an experience [C] is something that has happened to you. For example, cosmopolitan means having or showing wide experience of people and things. Conversion is the process or experience of changing your religion. Things happen repeatedly (= several times, one after the other), continuously (= without stopping), occasionally or rarely (= not very often). 136

Describing situations A matter [C] is a subject or situation that you must consider or deal with. For example, a case is a matter that is being officially investigated State and condition are both used to describe how something or somebody looks or is physically or mentally. A medical condition is a particular health problem that somebody has. A situation that exists or a habit or practice that somebody has can be described as the fact of or the practice of For example, gender is the fact of being male or female. Describing ideas A strong opinion can be called a belief. A set of beliefs can be a theory about a particular subject. Some actions are the expression of particular ideas. A set of beliefs and practices can make a whole system, especially a political or economic system such as capitalism. 137

... Numbers... 1040 form / ten f4\ti f4\m; AmE f4\rti f4\rm/ noun (in the US) an official document in which you give details of the amount of money that you have earned so that the government can calculate how much tax you have to pay 12 /twelv/ noun (in Britain) a label that is given to a film/movie to show that it can be watched legally only by people who are at least twelve years old; a film/movie that has this label: I can take the kids too it's a 12. 15 / fˆf ti\n/ noun (in Britain) a label that is given to a film/movie to show that it can be watched legally only by people who are at least fifteen years old; a film/movie that has this label 18 / eˆ ti\n/ noun (in Britain) a label that is given to a film/movie to show that it can be watched legally only by people who are at least eighteen years old; a film/movie that has this label 18-wheeler / eˆti\n wi\l6(r)/ noun (AmE) a very large truck with nine wheels on each side 20/20 vision / twenti twenti vˆωn/ noun the ability to see perfectly without using glasses or CONTACT LENSES 2.1 / tu\ w5n/ noun the upper level of the second highest standard of degree given by a British or an Australian university: I got a 2.1. 2.2 / tu\ tu\/ noun the lower level of the second highest standard of degree given by a British or an Australian university 24-hour clock / twenti f4\r a 6 klåk; AmE a 6r kl1\k/ noun the system of using twenty four numbers to talk about the hours of the day, instead of dividing it into two units of twelve hours 24/7 / twenti f4\ sev6n; AmE f4\r/ adv. (informal) twenty-four hours a day, seven days a week (used to mean 'all the time'): She's with me all the time 24/7. 3-D (also three-d) / ri\ di\/ noun [U] the quality of having, or appearing to have, length, width and depth: These glasses allow you to see the film in 3-D. 35mm / tifaˆv mˆlimi\t6(r); AmE rti- / noun the size of film that is usually used in cameras for taking photographs and making films/movies 4x4 / f4\ baˆ f4\; AmE f4\r baˆ f4\r/ noun a vehicle with a system in which power is applied to all four wheels, making it easier to control 911 / naˆn w5n w5n/ the telephone number used in the US to call the police, fire or ambulance services in an emergency: (AmE) Call 911. 99 / naˆnti naˆn/ noun (BrE) an ice cream in a cone with a stick of chocolate in the top 999 / naˆn naˆn naˆn/ the telephone number used in Britain to call the police, fire or ambulance services in an emergency: (BrE) Dial 999. 138

... Symbols... = equals; is the same as does not equal; is different from is approximately equal to (on an envelope) care of. You address a letter to a person care of sb else when the place you > is more than are sending it to is not their < is less than permanent home. because pound sterling therefore $ dollar correct euro incorrect copyright * used to mark important points information (called an ASTERISK) P parking & and (called an AMPERSAND) male # (BrE) HASH (AmE POUND SIGN) the symbol used for example on telephones, and in addresses in the US female used on the packaging of products to show that they are made from recycled materials (= " DITTO; the same word as above that have been used once then @ at treated so that they can be used again), or to show that they can be recycled after use... Pronunciation and phonetic symbols... The British pronunciations given are those of younger speakers of General British. This includes RP (Received Pronunciation) and a range of similar accents which are not strongly regional. The American pronunciations chosen are also as far as possible the most general (not associated with any particular region). If there is a difference between British and American pronunciations of a word, the British one is given first, with AmE before the American pronunciation. Consonants p pen /pen/ b bad /b2d/ t tea /ti\/ d did /dˆd/ k cat /k2t/ g get /get/ s see /si\/ z zoo /zu\/ ƒ shoe /ƒu\/ Ω vision / vˆωn/ h hat /h2t/ m man /m2n/ tƒ chain /tƒeˆn/ dω jam /dω2m/ f fall /f4\l/ v van /v2n/ thin / ˆn/ ø this /øˆs/ n now /na / sing /sˆ / l leg /leg/ r red /red/ j yes /jes/ w wet /wet/ 139

140 The symbol (r) indicates that British pronunciation will have /r/ only if a vowel sound follows directly at the beginning of the next word, as in far away; otherwise the /r/ is omitted. For American English, all the /r/ sounds should be pronounced. /x/ represents a fricative sound as in / låx/ for Scottish loch, Irish lough. Vowels and diphthongs i\ see /si\/ i happy / h2pi/ ˆ sit /sˆt/ e ten /ten/ 2 cat /k2t/ 1\ father / f1\ø6(r)/ Å got /gåt/ (British English) 4\ saw /s4\/ put /p t/ u actual / 2ktƒu6l/ u\ too /tu\/ 5 cup /k5p/ fur /f (r)/ 6 about /6 ba t/ eˆ say /seˆ/ 6 go /g6 / (British English) o go /go / (American English) aˆ my /maˆ/ 4ˆ boy /b4ˆ/ a now /na / ˆ6 near /nˆ6(r)/ (British English) e6 hair /he6(r)/ (British English) 6 pure /pj 6(r)/ (British English) Many British speakers use /4\/ instead of the diphthong / 6/, especially in common words, so that sure becomes /ƒ4\(r)/, etc. The sound /Å/ does not occur in American English, and words which have this vowel in British pronunciation will instead have /1\/ or /4\/ in American English. For instance, got is /gåt/ in British English, but /g1\t/ in American English, while dog is British /dåg/, American /d4\g/. The three diphthongs /ˆ6 e6 6/ are found only in British English. In corresponding places, American English has a simple vowel followed by /r/, so near is /nˆr/, hair is /her/, and pure is /pj r/. Nasalized vowels, marked with / /, may be retained in certain words taken from French, as in penchant / p Ń Å/, coq au vin / kåk 6 v 2/. Syllabic consonants The sounds /l/ and /n/ can often be syllabic that is, they can form a syllable by themselves without a vowel. There is a syllabic /l/ in the usual pronunciation of middle / mˆdl/, and a syllabic /n/ in sudden / s5dn/. Weak vowels /i/ and /u/ The sounds represented by /i\/ and /ˆ/ must always be made different, as in heat /hi\t/ compared with hit /hˆt/. The symbol /i/ represents a vowel that can be sounded as either /i\/ or /ˆ/, or as a sound which is a compromise between them. In a word such as happy / h2pi/, younger speakers use a quality more like /i\/, but short in duration. When /i/ is followed by /6/ the sequence can also be pronounced /j6/. So the word dubious can be / dju\bi6s/ or / dju\bj6s/. In the same way, the two vowels represented /u\/ and / / must be kept distinct but /u/ represents a weak vowel that varies between them. If /u/ is followed directly by a consonant sound, it can also be pronounced as /6/. So stimulate can be / stˆmjuleˆt/ or / stˆmj6leˆt/.

Weak forms and strong forms Certain very common words, for example at, and, for, can, have two pronunciations. We give the usual (weak) pronunciation first. The second pronunciation (strong) must be used if the word is stressed, and also generally when the word is at the end of a sentence. For example: I m waiting for /f6(r)/ a bus. What are you waiting for /f4\(r)/? Stress The mark / / shows the main stress in a word. Compare able / eˆbl/, stressed on the first syllable, with ability /6 bˆl6ti/, stressed on the second. A stressed syllable is relatively loud, long in duration, said clearly and distinctly, and made noticeable by the pitch of the voice. Longer words may have one or more secondary stresses coming before the main stress. These are marked with / / as in abbreviation /6 bri\vi eˆƒn/, agricultural / 2grˆ k5ltƒ6r6l/. They feel like beats in a rhythm leading up to the main stress. Weak stresses coming after the main stress in a word can sometimes be heard, but they are not marked in this dictionary. When two words are put together in a phrase, the main stress in the first word may shift to the place of the secondary stress to avoid a clash between two stressed syllables next to each other. For instance, after noon has the main stress on noon, but in the phrase afternoon tea the stress on noon is missing. Well known has the main stress on known, but in the phrase well-known actor the stress on known is missing. Stress in phrasal verbs One type of phrasal verb has a single strong stress on the first word. Examples are come to sth, go for sb, look at sth. This stress pattern is kept in all situations, and the second word is never stressed. If the second word is one which normally appears in a weak form, remember that the strong form must be used at the end of a phrase. Another type of phrasal verb is shown with two stresses. The pattern shown in the dictionary, with the main stress on the second word, is the one which is used when the verb is said on its own, or when the verb as a whole is the last important word in a phrase: What time are you coming back? He made it up. Fill them in. But the speaker will put a strong stress on any other important word if it comes later than the verb. The stress on the second word of the verb is then weakened or lost, especially if it would otherwise be next to the other strong stress. This happens whether the important word which receives the strong stress is between the two parts of the phrasal verb, or after both of them. We came back early. I filled in a form. Fill this form in. If more than one stress pattern is possible, or the stress depends on the context, no stress is shown. Stress in idioms Idioms are shown in the dictionary with at least one main stress unless more than one stress pattern is possible or the stress depends on the context. The learner should not change the position of this stress when speaking or the special meaning of the idiom may be lost. 141

Tapping of /t/ In American English, if a /t/ sound is between two vowels, and the second vowel is not stressed, the /t/ can be pronounced very quickly, and made voiced so that it is like a brief /d/ or the r-sound of certain languages. Technically, the sound is a tap, and can be symbolised by / /. So Americans can pronounce potato as /p6 teˆ o /, tapping the second /t/ in the word (but not the first, because of the stress). British speakers don t generally do this. The conditions for tapping also arise very frequently when words are put together, as in not only, what I, etc. In this case it doesn t matter whether the following vowel is stressed or not, and even British speakers can use taps in this situation, though they sound rather casual. The glottal stop In both British and American varieties of English, a /t/ which comes at the end of a word or syllable can often be pronounced as a glottal stop / / (a silent gap produced by holding one s breath briefly) instead of a /t/. For this to happen, the next sound must not be a vowel or a syllabic /l/. So football can be / f b4\l/ instead of / f tb4\l/, and button can be / b5 n/ instead of / b5tn/. But a glottal stop would not be used for the /t/ sounds in bottle or better because of the sounds which come afterwards. 142

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I.,, un del il dei i uno dello lo S, Z degli gli gn, pn, ps, x un dell' l' degli gli una della la delle le un' dell' l' delle le 1. di + di + 2. buono: un - buon, uno - buono, una - buona, un' - buon' nessuno: un - nessun, uno - nessuno, una - nessuna, un' - nessun' : alcuno, ciascuno, qualcuno 3. quello: il - quel, i - quei, lo - quello, gli - quegli, l' - quell' la - quella, le - quelle, l' - quell' bello: il - bel, i - bei, lo - bello, gli - begli, l' - bell' la - bella, le - belle, l' - bell' 208

II. il i lo l gli la l le a al ai allo all agli alla all alle di del dei dello dell degli della dell delle da dal dai dallo dall dagli dalla dall dalle in nel nei nello nell negli nella nell nelle su sul sui sullo sull sugli sulla sull sulle con *col *coi col = con il, coi = con i co = coi; pe = pei III. 1 io mi mi mi me 2 tu ti ti ti te 2 Lei si Le La Lei 3 lui, si gli lo lui egli (a) 3 lei, si le la lei ella 1 noi ci ci ci noi 2 voi vi vi vi voi 3 loro si gli li, le loro 1. loroa 2. mi, ti, si, gli/le, ci, vi, glilo, la, li, le, ne me, te, se, glie-, ce, ve, glie-lo, la, li, le, ne 209

IV. -o -e -o -e -a -o -a -e -i -i -e -i -e -i 1. -co 1) -chi antico antichi : amico - amici, nemico - nemici, greco - greci, porco - porci 2) -ci medico medici : carico - carichi, pizzico - pizzichi, solletico - solletichi, valico - valichi -chi 2. -go -ghi lago- laghi, catalogo- cataloghi : chirurgo - chirurgi/-ghi, psicologo - psicologi/-ghi, mago - magi/-ghi -gi 3. -ca/-ga -che/-ghe amica - amiche, greca - greche, bianca - bianche, lunga - lunghe 4. -cia/-gia 1)-i--cie/-gie farmacia farmacie energia energie bugia bigie 2) -ce/-ge-cie/-gie cia(gia)cia(gia) roccia - rocce, spiaggia - spiagge, provincia - province camicia - camicie, valigia - valigie, ciliegia - ciliegie 210

5. -io -i--ii-i zio zii figlio figli 6. 0: : il re - i re, la gru - le gru : il film - i film, lo sport - gli sport : la città - le città, un caffè - due caffè : l'auto(-mobile) - le auto(-mobile) 1: -a il ragazzo - la ragazza, il padrone - la padrona 2: -trice l'attore - l'attrice, lo scrittore - la scrittrice 3: -a-i il poeta - i poeti, il pianista - i pianisti, il duca - i duchi -ma: il problema - i problemi clima, diploma, poema, panorama, sistema, tema 4: -o-a l'uovo - le uova, un paio - due paia 5: -o-i-a il braccio - le braccia* i bracci il budello - le budella* i budelli il cervello - le cervella* i cervelli, il ciglio - le ciglia* i cigli il corno - le corna* i corni il dito - le dita* i diti il fondamento - le fondamenta* i fondamenti il grido - le grida* i gridi il labbro - le labbra* i labbri il membro - le menbra* i membri il muro - le mura* i muri l'osso - le ossa* gli ossi l'urlo - le urla* gli urli 211

6: capo- 1)capocapi+ il capostazione i capistazione la capostazione - le capostazione 2)capocapo il capolavoro i capolavori V. 1. es/av es/av es/av es/av 2. es/av 3. es/av es/av 4. ; ; io, tu, lui/lei/lei, noi, voi, loro 1 essere[stato; essente; essendo] sono, sei, è, siamo, siete, sono ero, eri, era, eravamo, eravate, erano fui, fosti, fu, fummo, foste, furono sarò, sarai, sarà, saremo, sarete, saranno sarei, saresti, sarebbe, saremmo, sareste, sarebbero sia, sia, sia, siamo, siate, siano fossi, fossi, fosse, fossimo, foste, fossero *, sii, sia, siamo, siate, siano 212

2 avere[avuto; avente; avendo] ho, hai, ha, abbiamo, avete, hanno avevo, avevi, aveva, avevamo, avevate, avevano ebbi, avesti, ebbe, avemmo, aveste, ebbero avrò, avrai, avrà, avremo, avrete, avranno avrei, avresti, avrebbe, avremmo, avreste, avrebbero abbia, abbia, abbia, abbiamo, abbiate, abbiano avessi, avessi, avesse, avessimo, aveste, avessero *, abbi, abbia, abbiamo, abbiate, abbiano 3 -are -ato; -ante; -ando: am-are (am)-o, -i, -a, -iamo, -ate, am-ano (am)-avo, -avi, -ava, -avamo, -avate, -avano (am)-ai, -asti, -ò, -ammo, -aste, -arono (am)-erò, -erai, -erà, -eremo, -erete, -eranno (am)-erei, -eresti, -erebbe, -eremmo, -ereste, -erebbero (am)-i, -i, -i, -iamo, -iate, am-ino (am)-assi, -assi, -asse, -assimo, -aste, -assero *, (am)-a, -i, -iamo, -ate, am-ino *giocare: gioco, giochi, gioca, giochiamo, giocate, giocano pagare: pago, paghi, paga, paghiamo, pagate, pagano studiare: studio, studi, studia, studiamo, studiate, studiano 4 -ere -uto; -ente; -endo: tem-ere tem-o, tem-i, tem-e, tem-iamo, tem-ete, tem-ono (tem)-evo, -evi, -eva, -evamo, -evate, -evano (tem)-ei(-etti), -esti, -è(-ette), -emmo, -este, -erono(-ettero) (tem)-erò, -erai, -erà, -eremo, -erete, -eranno (tem)-erei, -eresti, -erebbe, -eremmo, -ereste, -erebbero (tem)-a, -a, -a, -iamo, -iate, tem-ano (tem)-essi, -essi, -esse, -essimo, -este, -essero *, (tem)-i, -a, -iamo, -ete, -ano *vincere: vinco, vinci, vince, vinciamo, vincete, vincono leggere: leggo, leggi, legge, leggiamo, leggete, leggono 213

214 5 -ire -ito; -ente; -endo: dorm-ire (dorm)-o, -i, -e, -iamo, -ite, dor-mono (dorm)-ivo, -ivi, -iva, -ivamo, -ivate, -ivano (dorm)-ii, -isti, -ì, -immo, -iste, -irono (dorm)-irò, -irai, -irà, -iremo, -irete, -iranno (dorm)-irei, -iresti, -irebbe, -iremmo, -ireste, -irebbero (dorm)-a, -a, -a, -iamo, -iate, dorm-ano (dorm)-issi, -issi, -isse, -issimo, -iste, -issero *, (dorm)-i, -a, -iamo, -ite, dorm-ano 6 -ire-isco[-ito; -ente, -endo: finire (fin)-isco, -isci, -isce, -iamo, -ite, -iscono (fin)-isca, -isca, -isca, -iamo, -iate, -iscano *, (fin)-isci, -isca, -iamo, -ite, -iscano 7 andare[-ato; -ante, -ando] vado, vai, va, -iamo, -ate, vanno (andr)-ò, -ai, -à, -emo, -ete, -anno (andr)-ei, -esti, -ebbe, -emmo, -este, -ebbero vada, vada, vada, -iamo, -ate, vadano *, va' (va, vai), vada, andiamo, andate, vadano 8 apparire[-ito, apparso; -ente; -endo] appaio(-isco), appari(-isci), appare(-isce), -iamo, -ite, appaiono(-iscono) apparvi(apparsi, -ii), -isti, apparve(apparse, -ì), -immo, -iste, apparvero(-irono) appaia(-isca), appaia(-isca), appaia(-isca), -iamo, -ite, appaiano(-iscano) *, appari(-isci), appaia(-isca), appariamo, apparite, appaiano(-iscano) 9 bere(bevere)[bevuto; bevente; bevendo] (bev)-o, -i, -e, -iamo, -ete, bev-ono (bev)-evo, -evi, -eva, -evamo, -evate, -evano bevvi(bevetti), bevesti, bevve(bevette), bevemmo, beveste, bevvero(bevettero) (berr)-ò, -ai, -à, -emo, -ete, -anno (berr)-ei, -esti, -ebbe, -emmo, -este, -ebbero beva, beva, beva, beviamo, bevete, bevano (bev)-essi, -essi, -esse, -essimo, -este, -essero *, bevi, beva, beviamo, bevete, bevano

0 cogliere[colto; -ente; -endo] colgo, cogli, -ie, -iamo, -iete, colgono colsi, -esti, colse, -emmo, -este, colsero coglierò(corrò), -ai, -à, -emo, -ete, -anno *, cogli, colga, cogliamo, cogliete, colgano qa condurre(conducere)[condotto; conducente; conducendo] (condu)-co, -ci, -ce, -ciamo, -cete, conducono (condu)-cevo, -cevi, -ceva, -cevamo, -cevate, -cevano (con)-dussi, -ducesti, -dusse, -ducemmo, -duceste, -dussero (condurr)-ò, -ai, -à, -emo, -ete, -anno (condurr)-ei, -esti, -ebbe, -emmo, -este, -ebbero (condu)-ca, -ca, -ca, -ciamo, -ciate, conducano (condu)-cessi, -cessi, -cesse, -cessimo, -ceste, -cessero *, (con)-duci, -duca, -duciamo, -ducete, -ducano qs cuocere[cotto; cocente; cocendo] cuocio, -ci, -ce, -ciamo, -cete, cuociono cossi, -cesti, cosse, -cemmo, -ceste, cossero cuocia, cuocia, cuocia, cuociamo, cuociate, cuociano *, cuoci, cuocia, cuociamo, cuocete, cuociano qd dare[-ato; -ante; -ando] do, dai, da, diamo, date, danno davo, davi, dava, davamo, davate, davano diedi(detti), desti, diede(dette), demmo, deste, diedero(dettero) darò, darai, darà, daremo, darete, daranno darei, daresti, darebbe, daremmo, dareste, darebero dia, dia, dia, diamo, date, diano dessi, dessi, desse, dessimo, deste, dessero *, da' (dai), dia, diamo, date, diano 215

qf dire(dicere)[detto; dicente; dicendo] dico, dici, dice, diciamo, dite, dicono (dic)-evo, -evi, -eva, -evamo, -evate, -evano dissi, dicesti, disse, dicemmo, diceste, dissero (dir)-ò, -ai, -à, -emo, -ete, -anno (dir)-ei, -esti, -ebbe, -emmo, -este, -ebbero dica, dica, dica, diciamo, diciate, dicano (dic)-essi, -cessi, -cesse, -cessimo, -ceste, -cessero *, di' (di), dica, diciamo, dite, dicano qg dolersi[dolutosi; dolentesi; dolendosi] mi dolgo, ti duoli, si duole, ci dogliamo, vi dolete, si dolgono mi dolsi, ti -esti, si dolse, ci -emmo, vi -este, si dolsero mi (dorr)-ò, ti -ai, si -à, ci -emo, vi -ete, si -anno mi (dorr)-ei, ti -esti, si -ebbe, ci -emmo, vi -este, si -ebbero mi dolga, ti dolga, si dolga, ci -iamo(dogliamo), vi -iate(dogliate), si dolgano mi (dol)-essi, ti -essi, si -esse, ci -essimo, vi -este, si -essero *, duoliti, si dolga, doliamoci(dogliamoci), doletevi, si dolgano qh dovere[dovuto; - ; dovendo] devo(debbo), devi, deve, dobbiamo, dovete, devono(debbono) (dov)-evo, -evi, -eva, -evamo, -evate, -evano dovei(dovetti), -esti, dové(dovette), -emmo, -este, -erono(dovettero) (dov)-rò, -rai, -rà, -remo, -rete, -ranno (dov)-rei, -resti, -rebbe, -remmo, -reste, -rebbero deva(debba), deva(debba), deva(debba), -iamo, -iate, devano(debbano) (dov)-essi, -essi, -esse, -essimo, -este, -essero ****** qj fare(facere)[fatto; facente; facendo] faccio, fai, fa, facciamo, fate, fanno (fac)-evo, -evi, -eva, -evamo, -evate, -evano feci, -cesti, fece, -cemmo, -ceste, fecero farò, farai, farà, faremo, farete, faranno farei, faresti, farebbe, faremmo, fareste, farebbero faccia, faccia, faccia, facciamo, facciate, facciano (fac)-essi, -essi, -esse, -essimo, -este, -essero *, fa' (fa, fai), facciamo, fate, facciano 216

qk morire[morto; morente; morendo] muoio, muori, muore, -iamo, -ite, muoiono morirò(morrò), -ai, -à, -emo, -ete, -anno moriei(morrei), -esti, -ebbe, -emmo, -este, -ebbero muoia, muoia, muoia, moriamo, moriate, muoiano *, muori, muoia, -iamo, -ite, muoiano ql muovere[mosso; muovente(movente); muovendo] mossi, -esti, mosse, -emmo, -este, mossero w; parere[parso; parvente; parendo] paio, -i, -e, paiamo, -ete, paiono parvi, -esti, parve, -emmo, -este, parvero (parr)-ò, -ai, -à, -emo, -ete, -anno (parr)-ei, -esti, -ebbe, -emmo, -este, -ebbero paia, paia, paia, paiamo, paiate, paiano ****** wa piacere[piaciuto; piacente; piacendo] piaccio, piaci, piace, piacciamo(piaciamo), piacete, piacciono(piaciono) piacqui, -cesti, piacque, -cemmo, -ceste, piacquero piaccia, piaccia, piaccia, piacciamo, piacciate, piacciano *, piaci, piaccia, piacciamo, piacete, piacciano ws porre(ponere)[posto; ponente; ponendo] pongo, poni, pone, poniamo, ponete, pongono (pon)-evo, -evi, -eva, -evamo, -evate, -evano posi, ponesti, pose, ponemmo, poneste, posero (porr)-ò, -ai, -à, -emo, -ete, -anno (porr)-rei, -esti, -ebbe, -emmo, -este, -ebbero ponga, ponga, ponga, poniamo, poniate, pongano (pon)-essi, -essi, -esse, -essimo, -este, -essero *, poni, ponga, poniamo, ponete, pongano wd potere[potuto; potente; potendo] posso, puoi, può, possiamo, potete, possono (potr)-ò, -ai, -à, -emo, -ete, -anno (potr)-ei, -esti, -ebbe, -emmo, -este, -ebbero possa, possa, possa, possiamo, possiate, possano ****** 217

218 wf rimanere[rimasto; rimanente; rimanendo] rimango, -i, -e, -iamo, -ete, rimangono rimasi, -esti, rimase, -emmo, -este, rimasero (rimarr)-ò, -ai, -à, -emo, -ete, -anno (rimarr)-ei, -esti, -ebbe, -emmo, -este, -ebbero rimanga, rimanga, rimanga, -iamo, -iate, rimangano *, rimani, rimanga, rimaniamo, rimanete, rimangano wg salire[salito; salente; salendo] salgo, -i, -e, -iamo, -ite, salgono salga, salga, salga, -iamo, -iate, salgano *, sali, salga, saliamo, salite, salgano wh sapere[saputo; sapiente, sapendo] so, sai, sa, sappiamo, -ete, sanno seppi, -esti, seppe, -emmo, -este, seppero (sapr)-ò, -ai, -à, -emo, -ete, -anno (sapr)-ei, -esti, -ebbe, -emmo, -este, -ebbero sappia, sappia, sappia, sappiamo, sappiate, sappiano *, sappi, sappia, sappiamo, sappiate, sappiano wj sedere[seduto; sedente, sedendo] siedo, siedi, siede, sediamo, sedete, siedono (sed)-ei(-etti), -esti, -é(-ette), -emmo, -este, -erono(-ettero) sieda, sieda, sieda, sediamo, sedete, siedano *, siedi, sieda, sediamo, sedete, siedano wk spegnere[spento; spegnente; spegnendo] spengo, -gni, -gne, -gniamo, -gnete, spengono spensi, -gnesti, spense, -gnemmo, -gneste, spensero spenga, spenga, spenga, -gniamo, -gniate, spengano *, spegni, spenga, spegniamo, spegnete, spengano wl stare[stato; stante; stando] sto, stai, sta, stiamo, state, stanno stetti, stesti, stette, stemmo, steste, stettero (star)-ò, -ai, -à, -emo, -ete, -anno (star)-ei, -esti, -ebbe, -emmo, -este, -rebbero stia, stia, stia, stiamo, stiate, stiano stessi, stessi, stesse, stessimo, steste, stessero *, sta' (sta, stai), stia, stiamo, state, stiano

e; tenere[tenuto; tenente; tenendo] tengo, tieni, tiene, teniamo, tenete, tengono tenni, -esti, tenne, -emmo, -este, tennero (terr)-ò, -ai, -à, -emo, -ete, -anno (terr)-ei, -esti, -ebbe, -emmo, -este, -ebbero tenga, tenga, tenga, teniamo, teniate, tengano *, tieni, tenga, teniamo, tenete, tengano ea trarre(traere)[tratto; traente; traendo] traggo, trai, trae, traiamo, traete, traggono (tra)-evo, -evi, -eva, -evamo, -evete, -evano trassi, traesti, trasse, traemmo, traeste, trassero (trarr)-ò, -ai, -à, -emo, -ete, -anno (trarr)-ei, -esti, -ebbe, -emmo, -este, -ebbero tragga, tragga, tragga, traiamo, traiate, traggano (tra)-essi, -essi, -esse, -essimo, -este, -essero *, trai, tragga, traiamo, traete, traggano es udire[udito; udente; udendo] odo, odi, ode, udiamo, udite, odono udirò(udrò), -ai, -à, -emo, -ete, -anno udirei(udrei), -esti, -ebbe, -emmo, -este, -ebbero oda, oda, oda, udiamo, udiate, odano *, odi, oda, udiamo, udite, odano ed uscire[uscito; uscente; uscendo] esco, esci, esce, usciamo, uscite, escono esca, esca, esca, usciamo, usciate, escano *, esci, esca, usciamo, uscite, escano ef valere[valso; valente; valendo] valgo, vali, vale, valiamo, valete, valgono valsi, -esti, valse, -emmo, -este, valsero (varr)-ò, -ai, -à, -emo, -ete, -anno (varr)-ei, -esti, -ebbe, -emmo, -este, -ebbero valga, valga, valga, valiamo, valiate, valgono *, vali, valga, valiamo, valete, valgano 219

eg venire[venuto; venente; venendo] vengo, vieni, viene, veniamo, venite, vengono venni, venisti, venne, veninnmo, veniste, vennero (verr)-ò, -ai, -à, -emo, -ete, -anno (verr)-ei, -esti, -ebbe, -emmo, -este, -ebbero venga, venga, venga, veniamo, venite, vengano *, vieni, venga, veniamo, venite, vengano eh volere[voluto; volente; volendo] voglio, vuoi, vuole, vogliamo, volete, vogliono volli, -esti, volle, -emmo, -este, vollero (vorr)-ò, -ai, -à, -emo, -ete, -anno (vorr)-ei, -esti, -ebbe, -emmo, -este, -ebbero voglia, voglia, voglia, -gliamo, -gliate, vogliano *, vogli, voglia, vogliamo, vogliate, vogliano 220

1. 1 20047 65,200 2 2. 1 SGML 2 3 = = 221

222 4 15301578 5 / 6 [] 7 8[] 9,4-D OECD 3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

223 9 10 11 4. 1 2 3 4 5 µm km m cmmm aha lml kg gmg t hpa WkWh cal JHz

% C K cc Hg 5. 1 15331 1010 15 13 2 6. 1 2 3 224

8 1 2 BV BV V 225

[ ] 226

English Operating Instructions Installing batteries See the illustrations in the Japanese text (page 16). Install two LR03 (size AAA) dry cell batteries into the battery compartment. 1 Open the battery compartment lid. 2 Install two batteries with the correct polarity. 3 Close the lid. 4 Press the reset button using a thin, pointed instrument. When the batteries become weak A message will be displayed in the center of the screen as shown in the illustration (below). If you operate any key on the unit, the message will disappear and the indication appears in the bottom right of the screen. When you replace the batteries, the indication will disappear. Battery life The life of this unit with two fresh alkaline (LR03 (size AAA) ) batteries is as follows: When using the dictionary function - About 55 hours (Sony standard measurement condition) - About 90 hours (unit screen always displayed) When using the MP3 Player (continuous playback) - About 15 hours (Sony standard measurement condition) Note Remove the batteries if you are not to use this unit for a long period of time. Auto power off function To conserve the batteries, this unit automatically turns off if it remains idle for a while. Refer to 232 page for how to set this function. Adjusting the screen contrast The screen contrast can be adjusted from level 1 to 7. 1 Press the key. The following screen is displayed. Note If you use this unit with low battery power, it may not operate properly. Replace both batteries immediately when the indication appears. When you replace the batteries, MP3 Player settings, (Auto power off) settings, screen contrast settings, and Calculator stored memory value will be lost. 2 Rotate the jog dial to set the contrast. 3 Press the jog dial. The screen returns to the previous screen. 227