1
樽 2
2003 5 17 (c) Digital Globe, Inc. 10km 10km 3
98.9ha ha (%) 1962 1973 1982 1993 42.1 (42.6) 11.0 (11.1) 6.6 ( 6.7) 1.8 ( 1.8) 20.8 (21.0) 62.7 (63.4) 76.1 (77.0) 89.3 (90.3) 25.7 (26.0) 20.9 (21.1) 14.2 (14.3) 2.1 ( 2.1) 8.2 ( 8.3) 3.0 ( 3.1) 1.0 ( 1.0) 0.0 ( 0.0) 5.2 ( 5.3) 2.1 ( 2.1) 1.3 ( 1.3) 1.0 ( 1.0) 0.5 ( 0.5) 4
2008 5 26 2008 2010 B 25,000 1 5
A1948 DE1974 F1966 B1966 C1966 AB C D EF 6
1 2 A 1 3 2010 11 5 7
餌 2009 4 13 8
25 25 20 15 10 5 0 0 + 1 2 3 4 5 20 15 10 5 0 0 + 1 2 3 4 5 0 + 1%1 1% 5% 2 6% 25% 3 26% 50% 4 50% 75% 5 76% 100%33 9433 94 9
80 dbh cm 60 40 20 0 0 20 40 60 80 100 dbh dbh 1.3m 2007 5 21 10
11
餌 1.54m 2 11.5 21 1 10 120 100 % 80 60 40 20 0 + 餌 12
餌 餌 5 640cm 30cm 30cm 2m 1m 32 7 汲 22.5 20 % 15 10 5 0 3 13
14
/m 2 15000 10000 5000 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 BA m 2 /ha BA 20m 20m 20cm10cm 10 15
/50 50 40 30 20 10 0 Tree I Tree K Tree B 0 50 100 150 Tree I Tree K TreeB 50 3 16 2004 3 24
50 a ab 40 30 20 10 0 bc cd d d 1cm 3cm 5cm 10cm 20cm 72 3 Tukey s HSD p < 0.05 22. 1cm 3cm5cm 17
18
40 D 2 H m 3 /ha 30 20 10 0 5 6 8 5 6 8 2 2004 D 2 H2 19
40 30 20 10 0 50 40 30 20 10 0 40 30 20 10 0 30 20 10 A B 0 0 1 2 ~4 ~8 ~16 ~32 ~64 ~128 24 25 30cm 2008 5 8 102009 2 3 2008 6 9 2009 6 20
0.15 0.10 0.05 0.00 < 1.2m 1.2 ~1.5m 1.5~1.8m 1.8m < 1 2008 21
1 3m 2010 3 10 22
2006 6 26 23
2009 5 20 24
DSM>5m ΔDSM 5m 2009 5 20 2008 9 4 25
2008 6 18 26
2006 11 2 27
t % 200 150 100 50 0 110.9t 2007 2008 2008 2009 28
5000 4000 3000 2000 1000 0 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 29
30
31
32
33
34
invasive alien species Oxford Dictionary of English invasiveharmful orundesirable invasive http://www.env.go.jp/nature/intro/1outline/index html, 2010, 4 9, 2005, 4, 2006, 2, 2002 IUCN Invasive Species Specialist GroupGlobal Invasive Species Database100 of the World s Worst Invasive Alien Specieshttp://www.issg.org/database/species/ 2011 7 DAISIE Delivering Alien Invasive Species Inventories for Europe; http://www.europealiens.org/index.do 2011 7 invasive species http://www.ec.gc.ca./eee-ias/ 2011 7 http://www.cwf-fcf.org 2011 7 2011 7USDA Forest Service FEIS Fire Effects Information System; http://www fs fed.us/database/feis/ 2011 7 35