90 2.4 2.4 2.3 2.6 () () () () () ()
1
2
600 500 400 300 200 100 0 0 72 74 76 79 82 85 88 91 94 97 99 02 04 600 500 400 300 200 100 3 72 74 76 79 82 85 88 91 94 97 99 02 04
16000 2500 14000 2000 12000 10000 8000 1500 1000 6000 4000 500 2000 0 0 72 74 76 79 82 85 88 91 94 97 99 0204 72 74 76 79 82 85 88 91 94 97 99 02 04 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 72 74 76 79 82 85 88 91 94 97 99 0204 4
100 100 80 60 40 80 60 40 20 20 0 0 94 99 04 94 99 04 100 80 60 40 20 0 94 99 04 5
3 2 1 3 2 1 0-1 -2 0-1 -2-3 -4-3 -4 2 59 2029 34 1019 30 3 2 1 0-1 -2-3 -4 2 59 2029 34 1019 30 6 2 59 2029 34 1019 30
160 140 120 100 80 60 160 140 120 100 80 60 94 97 99 02 04 94 97 99 02 04 160 140 120 100 80 60 94 97 99 02 04 7
100 0 50 100 150 200-10 -5 0 5 10 15 20 25-10 -5 0 5 10 8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
1980 1990 2000 () () (, ) (,,,,,,SPA, ) 17
360 40 16000 315 35 14000 270 30 12000 225 25 10000 180 20 8000 135 15 6000 90 10 4000 45 5 2000 0 0 0 80 85 90 95 00 05 10 15 20 25 30 2035 80 85 90 95 00 05 10 15 20 25 30 2035 250 3.4 250 225 3.2 225 200 3.0 200 175 2.8 175 150 2.6 150 125 2.4 125 100 2.2 100 75 2.0 75 80 85 90 95 00 05 10 15 20 2025 80 85 90 95 00 05 10 15 20 2025 18 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 3.4 3.2 3.0 2.8 2.6 2.4 2.2 2.0
59 (Supply Chain Management) 4 3.5 3 2.5 2 1.5 1 0.5 0 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 19
40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 75/5 76/5 77/5 78/5 79/5 80/5 81/5 82/5 83/5 84/5 85/5 86/5 87/5 88/5 89/5 90/5 91/5 92/5 93/5 94/5 95/5 96/5 97/5 20 99/12 01/9 02/6 03/6 04/6 05/6 06/10 07/7
21
22
1973 1978 1990 1991 1992 1994 1998 2000 1500 500 1000 () 1000 2006 23
90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 00 05 07 24
25
26
27
( ) ( ) 28
29
( ) ( ) 30
( ) 31
( ) 32
( ) 33
( ) 34
() ( ) 35
( ) 36
( ) 37
38
( ) ( ) 39
40
( ) 0 20 40 60 80 100 (%) 0 20 40 60 80 100 (%) 41
( ) OL 42
( ) 0 20 40 60 80 100 (%) 0 20 40 60 80 100 (%) ( ) 43
0 20 40 60 80 100 0 20 40 60 80 100 (%) (%) ( ) 44
0 20 40 60 80 100 (%) 0 20 40 60 80 100 (%) ( ) 45
0 20 40 60 80 100 (%) 0 20 40 60 80 100 (%) ( ) 0 20 40 60 80 100 (%) 46
( ) 47
( ) 48
( ) 0 20 40 60 80 100 0 20 40 60 80 100 (%) (%) 49
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 50
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 0 1 2 3 4 5 51
52
53
54
55
56
57
NPO 58
59
PR 60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
() () () () ()