スパコンに通じる並列プログラミングの基礎
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- ふじきみ かたづ
- 7 years ago
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1 ( ) / 59
2 ( ) / 59
3 Windows, Mac Unix 0444-J ( ) / 59
4 Part I Unix GUI CUI: Unix, Windows, Mac OS Part II 0444-J [email protected] ( ) / 59
5 ( : ) 9 10 ( ) 9 13 * 9 19 SX-ACE * 9 20 (for OCTOPUS,VCC) * 9 26 SX-ACE (MPI) * AVS AVS / * event/lecture/ 0444-J [email protected] ( ) / 59
6 Part I: UNIX ( ) / 59
7 CUI ( ) / 59
8 GUI CUI, OS GUI OS (Windows, MacOS X, Unix) GUI (Graphical User Interface) CUI CUI (Character User Interface)/ CLI (Command Line Interface) OS Unix CUI/CLI Unix Unix = CUI/CLI 0445-J [email protected] ( ) / 59
9 GUI CUI GUI CUI J [email protected] ( ) / 59
10 CUI を理解するコツ I GUI は 地図で CUI は 写真である GUI = 地図 CUI = 写真 CUI では 今 どこにいるか が重要 基本的には 自分が歩いて行く (= cd コマンド等で移動). [email protected] (大阪大学サイバーメディアセンター スパコンに通じる並列プログラミングの基礎 ) 0445-J / 59
11 CUI II CUI = (shell) CUI =! [email protected] ( ) / J
12 CUI III CUI Unix CUI ssh 0445-J ( ) / 59
13 CUI IV CUI Emacs vi Emacs vi ( ) emacs vi 0445-J [email protected] ( ) / 59
14 Unix ( ) / 59
15 Unix : pwd cd.. cd hoge mkdir hoge rmdir hoge mv hoge poko hoge hoge hoge hoge poko or - poko, J [email protected] ( ) / 59
16 Unix : ls touch hoge rm hoge mv hoge poko hoge hoge hoge poko or - poko, J [email protected] ( ) / 59
17 Unix : less hoge hoge more, cat grep kore kore 0445-J [email protected] ( ) / 59
18 Unix ( ) Emacs emacs hoge hoge ( emacs. C- Ctrl M- Esc ) C-x C-f C-x C-s C-x C-c C-g C-s hoge. emacs C- M-w C-w C-y hoge ( ) ( ) [email protected] ( ) / J
19 Unix ( ) vi vi hoge hoge ( vi. ) i Esc ( ) h,j,k,l :wq :q! x, dd 1, 1 ( ) yy p 1. ( ) 0445-J [email protected] ( ) / 59
20 : Emacs + vi = spacemacs: first release. ver J [email protected] ( ) / 59
21 Unix Unix = CUI CUI CUI CUI = (shell) CUI CUI Emacs vi Unix 0445-J [email protected] ( ) / 59
22 Part II: ( ) / 59
23 Part ( ) GO 0491-J [email protected] ( ) / 59
24 ( ) / 59
25 (SIMD): 1 SX-9 (NEC) GFlops. * (Top ) Summit (IBM Power9 chip, Top500 1 ): 122 PFlops, 2,282,544. (, Top500 2 ): 93 PFlops, 10,649,600 ABCI (, Top500 5 ): 19.9 PFlops, 391,680 ( Top ): 10.5 PFlops, 705,024. Summit: 2.8P, : 1.3P ABCI: 420T, : 1.26 P, ( ) Summit: 8.8MW, : 15.3 MW ABCI: 1.6MW, : 12.7 MW * MW J [email protected] ( ) / 59
26 : SX-ACE TFlops = PFlops, * TOP (715 TFlops) 6 ( 1 ) 96TB = 0.1 PB. ( ) 700 KW. * 1000 Summit 0.35%, 3.5%, 8%, 0491-J [email protected] ( ) / 59
27 I (creative commons -attribution, share alike 3.0 by A.I.Graphic) ( ) / 59
28 II ILLIAC I, II, III ( 1952, 1962, SIMD 1966) Cray-1 ( 1976, MFLOPS). 80 (SX-5, 41 TFLOPS, 2002: SX-9, 131 TFLOPS, 2009). TOP Japanese Computenik Blue Gene (2004) 32,768, ,992 (2011) PFLOPS 2 (2013) CPU 33.8 PFLOPS. (2016) CPU 93 PFLOPS. Summit(2018) CPU 122 PFLOPS J [email protected] ( ) / 59
29 III (124/top ) CPU Cray IBM CPU (36) NEC CPU ( 206) CPU ( ) (22), (21), (18), 10 (top500 ) J [email protected] ( ) / 59
30 , ( ) / 59
31 I Input Data Operation Output Data ( ) / 59
32 II ( ) or Input Operation Output = 5050 for i := 1 to 100 do result += i; ( ) * 100 / J [email protected] ( ) / 59
33 III-1 CPU, HDD Input Fast Operation Output ( ) / 59
34 III CPU clock (MHz) Year [email protected] ( ) J 34 / 59
35 IV-1 ( ) - - SIMD (Single Instruction Multiple Data) Input Vector Operation Output [email protected] ( ) / 59
36 IV J ( ) / 59
37 V-1 ( ) Input Parallel Operation Output [email protected] ( ) / 59
38 V J ( ) / 59
39 VI-1 ( ) Input Parallel Operation Output [email protected] ( ) / 59
40 VI J ( ) / 59
41 VII ( ) J [email protected] ( ) / 59
42 VIII NEC SX PC GPU SIMD ( ) 0491-J [email protected] ( ) / 59
43 ( ) / 59
44 : I a n 1 a 1 (1 + δ) a + (1 a) n δ Speed up Ratio a:50%, delta: 0% a:80%, delta: 0% a:90%, delta: 0% a:95%, delta: 0% a:99%, delta: 0% Speed up Ratio a:50%, delta: 0% a:80%, delta: 0% a:90%, delta: 0% a:95%, delta: 0% a:99%, delta: 0% Number of Processors Number of Processors [email protected] ( ) / J
45 II Speed up Ratio a:50%, delta: 50% a:80%, delta: 50% a:90%, delta: 50% a:95%, delta: 50% a:99%, delta: 50% Speed up Ratio a:50%, delta: 50% a:80%, delta: 50% a:90%, delta: 50% a:95%, delta: 50% a:99%, delta: 50% Number of Processors Number of Processors Speed up Ratio a:50%, delta: 200% a:80%, delta: 200% a:90%, delta: 200% a:95%, delta: 200% a:99%, delta: 200% Speed up Ratio a:50%, delta: 200% a:80%, delta: 200% a:90%, delta: 200% a:95%, delta: 200% a:99%, delta: 200% Number of Processors Number of Processors [email protected] ( ) J 45 / 59
46 III J ( ) / 59
47 ( ) / 59
48 MPI (Message Passing Interface), CPU OpenMP (Multi Processing), CPU OpenMP, SIMD/, CUDA J ( ) / 59
49 I SIMD, ( ) for i:=1 to do a[i] := 2*i; J [email protected] ( ) / 59
50 II-1 CPU / : (thread ) OpenMP OS - Grand Central Dispatch (MacOS X 10.6, FreeBSD), - intel TBB, Google Go, Rust J [email protected] ( ) / 59
51 II-2 OpenMP Fortran : program hello.!$omp parallel!$omp end parallel. end [email protected] ( ) / J
52 III-1 : (Message) (NEC ) MPI (Message Passing Interface) 0491-J [email protected] ( ) / 59
53 III-2 MPI ( ) J 53 / 59
54 : SIMD / (1) SIMD / : Julia s += x[i] * y[i] end C/C++ on SX-ACE: #pragma vdir nodep #pragma vdir... for(i=1;i<length(x);i++){ s += x[i] * y[i]; } Computation speed GFlops normal SIMD SIMD (4 core CPU ) 5!! * PC (vaio, 4core), 1000, J [email protected] ( ) / 59
55 : OpenMP/MPI (1) Parallel : Julia lang: nheads (+) for i=1: Int(rand(Bool)) end C/C++ on SX-ACE: compile option -Pauto Computation speed Gops normal (4 core CPU ) 33!! * PC (vaio, 4core). [email protected] ( ) J 55 / 59 parallel
56 : OpenMP/MPI (2) SX-ACE SIMD OpenMP. : 5, : SIMD, OpenMP [email protected] ( ) / J
57 : OpenMP/MPI (3) Parallel : Black-Scholes (by Julia language) using ParallelAccelerator Intel begin end (36 core CPU ) 130!! 0491-J [email protected] ( ) / 59
58 MPI (SX-ACE) 1 (1 cpu, 4 core) PC 4 4 MPI 0491-J [email protected] ( ) / 59
59 Thank You! Thank You! 0491-J ( ) / 59
スパコンに通じる並列プログラミングの基礎
2018.06.04 2018.06.04 1 / 62 2018.06.04 2 / 62 Windows, Mac Unix 0444-J 2018.06.04 3 / 62 Part I Unix GUI CUI: Unix, Windows, Mac OS Part II 2018.06.04 4 / 62 0444-J ( : ) 6 4 ( ) 6 5 * 6 19 SX-ACE * 6
スパコンに通じる並列プログラミングの基礎
2016.06.06 2016.06.06 1 / 60 2016.06.06 2 / 60 Windows, Mac Unix 0444-J 2016.06.06 3 / 60 Part I Unix GUI CUI: Unix, Windows, Mac OS Part II 0444-J 2016.06.06 4 / 60 ( : ) 6 6 ( ) 6 10 6 16 SX-ACE 6 17
活用ガイド （ハードウェア編）
(Windows 98) 808-877675-122-A ii iii iv NEC Corporation 1999 v vi PART 1 vii viii PART 2 PART 3 ix x xi xii P A R T 1 2 1 3 4 1 5 6 1 7 8 1 9 10 11 1 12 1 1 2 3 13 1 2 3 14 4 5 1 15 1 1 16 1 17 18 1 19
活用ガイド （ソフトウェア編）
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計算機アーキテクチャ第 11 回 マルチプロセッサ 本資料は授業用です 無断で転載することを禁じます 名古屋大学 大学院情報科学研究科 准教授加藤真平 デスクトップ ジョブレベル並列性 スーパーコンピュータ 並列処理プログラム プログラムの並列化 for (i = 0; i < N; i++) { x[i] = a[i] + b[i]; } プログラムの並列化 x[0] = a[0] + b[0];
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長崎県地域防災計画
i ii iii iv v vi vii viii ix - 1 - - 2 - - 3 - - 4 - - 5 - - 6 - - 7 - - 8 - - 9 - 玢 - 10 - - 11 - - 12 - - 13 - - 14 - - 15 - - 16 - - 17 - - 18 - - 19 - - 20 - - 21 - - 22 - - 23 - - 24 - - 25 - -
ONLINE_MANUAL
JPN ii iii iv v 6 vi vii viii 1 CHAPTER 1-1 1 2 1-2 1 2 3 4 5 1-3 6 7 1-4 2 CHAPTER 2-1 2-2 2-3 1 2 3 4 5 2-4 6 7 8 2-5 9 10 2-6 11 2-7 1 2 2-8 3 (A) 4 5 6 2-9 1 2-10 2 3 2-11 4 5 2-12 1 2 2-13 3 4 5
ONLINE_MANUAL
JPN ii iii iv v vi 6 vii viii 1 CHAPTER 1-1 1 2 1-2 1 2 3 1-3 4 5 6 7 1-4 2 CHAPTER 2-1 2-2 2-3 1 2 3 4 5 2-4 6 7 8 2-5 9 10 2-6 11 2-7 1 2 2-8 3 (A) 4 5 6 2-9 1 2-10 2 3 2-11 4 5 2-12 1 2 2-13 3 4 5
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I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI XII XIII XIV 1. 2 3 4 5 2. 6 7 8 3. 1 2 3 9 4 5 10 6 11 4. 1 2 3 1 2 12 1 2 3 1 2 3 13 14 1 2 1 15 16 1. 20 1 21 1 22 23 1 2 3 4 24 1 2 ok 25 1 2 26 1 2 3 27 2. 28