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1 WebHTTP

2 World Wide Web DNS port: 80 / 443

3 WWW URL/URI(Uniform Resource Locator/Identifier) HTTP(Hyper Text Transfer Protocol) Web HTML(Hyper Text Markup Language).

4 URL(Uniform Resource Locator) URL = :

5 HTML(Hyper Text Markup Language) SGML WYSIWYG W3C( HTML5 + CSS3 EPUB3

6 HTML ドキュメントタイプ宣言

7 HTTP(Hyper Text Transfer Protocol) 1996 HTTP1.0 RFC1945 Tim Berners-Lee URL WebWeb 80 SSL/TSL : 443 Web Internet Explorer, Firefox, Safari, Google Chome Web Apache, IIS

8 Web URL Web Web HTTP HTML URL Web URL

9 \r\n \r\n HTTP

10 HTTP GET URL HEAD URL POST PUT HTML form= POST

11 HTTP HTTP/version HTTP/version 補足メッセージとして OK や Not Found など status 番号を説明する

12 HTTP 応答 Statusとメッセージ(1) 100 Continue 101 Switching Protocols 200 OK 201 Created 202 Accepted 203 Non-Authoritative Information 204 No Content 205 Reset Content 206 Partial Content 300 Multiple Choices 301 Moved Permanently 302 Found 303 See Other Location 304 Not Modified 305 Use Proxy Location 306 (Unused) 307 Temporary Redirect

13 HTTP 応答 Statusとメッセージ(2) Client Error 400 要求が不正 401 Unauthorized 認証されてない 402 Payment Required 支払いが必要 403 Forbidden アクセスが認められてない 404 Not Found 見つからない 405 Method Not Allowed 指定したメソッドはサポートされていない 406 Not Acceptable 許可されてない 407 Proxy Authentication Required プロキシ認証が必要 408 Request Timeout リクエストがタイムアウト 409 Conflict リクエストがコンフリクト( 衝突矛盾 ) 410 Gone 要求されたコンテンツは無くなった 411 Length Required Content-Length ヘッダを付加して要求 412 Precondition Failed If-... ヘッダで指定された条件に合致しない 413 Request Entity Too Large 要求されたエンティティが大きすぎる 414 Request-URI Too Long 要求された URI が長すぎる 415 Unsupported Media Type サポートされていないメディアタイプ 416 Requested Range Not Satisfiable 要求されたレンジが不正 417 Expectation Failed Expect ヘッダで指定された拡張要求は失敗 Server Error 500 Internal Server Error サーバーで予期しないエラーが発生 501 Not Implemented 実装されてない 502 Bad Gateway ゲートウェイが不正 503 Service Unavailable サービスは利用可能でない 504 Gateway Timeout ゲートウェイがタイムアウト 505 HTTP Version Not Supported このHTTPバージョンはサポートされてない

14 HTTP/1.1 で仮想ホストをサポート 1 台のサーバーで複数のWebサイトをサポートすることが可能 HTTP/1.1 クライアント Hostヘッダでホスト名を送信せねばならない GET /index.html HTTP/1.1 Host: サーバーは仮想ホストに対応したコンテンツを応答する

15 HTTP リクエスト行リクエストヘッダ

16 HTTP (^^; GET /index.html HTTP/1.1 Accept: image/gif, image/jpeg, */* Accept-Language: ja Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate User-Agent: Mozilla/6.0 Host: Connection: Keep-Alive < > <body(post )>

17 HTTP (1) ステータスライン応答ボディ

18 HTTP (2) ステータスライン応答ヘッダ応答ボディ

19 telnet HTTP % telnet 80 Trying Connected to Escape character is '^]'. GET /index.html HTTP/1.1 Host: HTTP/ Method Not Allowed Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8 Content-Length: Date: Thu, 16 Jun :00:40 GMT Server: GFE/2.0 <!DOCTYPE html> <html lang=en> <meta charset=utf-8> <title>error 405 (Method Not Allowed)!!1</title> <style>......

20 HTTP HTTP stateless

21 HTTP A A B, C B C

22 /var/log/apache/info/access_log from date method resource version result size xxx - - [21/Jun/2013:20:58: ] "GET /center/keiji.html HTTP/1.1" yyy - - [21/Jun/2013:20:58: ] "GET /center/green.gif HTTP/1.1" zzz - - [21/Jun/2013:20:58: ] "GET /center-cgi/center-wsroomtoday.cgi HTTP/1.1" aaa - - [21/Jun/2013:21:01: ] "GET /center-cgi/center-wsroomtoday.cgi HTTP/ 1.1" bbb - - [21/Jun/2013:21:01: ] "GET /center/green.gif HTTP/1.1" ccc - - [21/Jun/2013:21:01: ] "GET /center/keiji.html HTTP/1.1" mdddd.tsuda.ac.jp - - [21/Jun/2013:21:06: ] "GET / HTTP/1.1" ffff - - [21/Jun/2013:21:08: ] "GET /center/keiji.html HTTP/1.1" ggg - - [21/Jun/2013:21:08: ] "GET /center/green.gif HTTP/1.1" hhh - - [21/Jun/2013:21:08: ] "GET /center-cgi/center-wsroomtoday.cgi HTTP/1.1" ggg - - [21/Jun/2013:21:08: ] "GET /center-cgi/center-wsroomtoday.cgi HTTP/1.1" vpn.tsuda.ac.jp - - [21/Jun/2013:21:10: ] "GET / HTTP/1.1" vpn.tsuda.ac.jp - - [21/Jun/2013:21:11: ] "GET /HOME/lecture/ HTTP/1.1" ex.tsuda.ac.jp - - [21/Jun/2013:21:11: ] "GET /library/ HTTP/1.0" vpn.tsuda.ac.jp - - [21/Jun/2013:21:11: ] "GET /~mizutani/ HTTP/1.1" vpn.tsuda.ac.jp - - [21/Jun/2013:21:11: ] "GET /~mizutani/js/update.js HTTP/1.1" vpn.tsuda.ac.jp - - [21/Jun/2013:21:11: ] "GET /~mizutani/basic.css HTTP/1.1" vpn.tsuda.ac.jp - - [21/Jun/2013:21:11: ] "GET /~mizutani/icons/green.gif HTTP/1.1" vpn.tsuda.ac.jp - - [21/Jun/2013:21:11: ] "GET /~mizutani/icons/blue.gif HTTP/1.1"

23 (cookie (RFC2965/6265) HTTP Javascript URL Web Web

24 Cookie Safari MacOS ~/Library/Cookies/Cookies.plist Safari5.x ~/Library/Cookies/Cookies.binarycookies Internet Explore 8 Safari6.x human-unreadable \Users\[ ]\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Windows\Cookies Chrome Windows Vista/7 C:\Users\[ ]\AppData\Local\Google\Chrome\User Data MacOS (ver.10.8.x) ~/Library/Application\ Support/Google/Chrome/Default/Cookies human-unreadable

25 Cookie HTTP Cookie Cookie Cookie 1 Cookie Cookie Cookie Cookie Cookie Cookie Cookie

26 Cookie 1) Web Cookie (Set-Cookie) Set-Cookie: Customer= Taro_Jirou ; domain=happy-shopping-town.com; path=/shopping/; expires= 25 Nov :36:20 GMT ; secure 2) Web Cookie (Cookie) Cookie: Customer= Taro_Jirou ; PartItem= Lemon_0987,Shipping= Post ; 3) Cookie DB 2, 3 1,2,3

27 Set-Cookie NAME= ; expires= ; domain= ; path= ; secure NAME= (;) (,)( ) UTF-8 expires= Cookie Thu, 1-Jan :00:00 GMT (Wdy, DD-Month-YYYY HH:MM:SS GMT GMT Cookie domain= Cookie Web path= secure Web Cookie path=/taro /taro Cookie Cookie Cookie

28 Cookie expirescookie Cookie300 1 Cookie 4KB 1 Cookie 20 HTML Cookie <meta http-equiv="set-cookie" content=" "> NAME= ; expires= ; domain= ; path= ; secure

29 Cookie Internet Explorer Safari (a) [ ]/[ ]/ [ ]Web [ ] (b) Safari Cookie (MacOS)

30 Cookie Google Chrome [ ]/[ / ]/ Firefox (a) [ ]/[ ]Cookie (b) Firebug

31 Cookie ID Web Cookie

ict8.key

ict8.key Cookie Web HTTP HTTP stateless HTTP A A B, C B C cookie (RFC2965/6265) HTTP Javascript URL Web Web Cookie HTTP Cookie Cookie Cookie 1 Cookie Cookie Cookie Cookie Cookie Cookie Cookie Cookie 1) Web Cookie