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1 13Raptors Research Raptors Conservation 2008, ｨｪｨｰｨ ｨｺｨｰ: 04ｨｨｨｪｨｮ ｨｺｨｬｨ ｨｪ09ｨｮ ｨ 02ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ04ｨｦ 07ｨ 08ｨｺ 0001ｨｨ03ｨｪ ｨ ｨｬｨ ｨｨ07 06ｨ ｨｰｨ 0809ｨｰｨ ｨｪ ｨ ｨ ｨｮ00ｨ ｨｰ07ｨｪｨｨｨｺ0609, 175 ｨｰ0205.: +7 (85557) rinur@yandex.ru Contact: Rinur Bekmansurov National Park 00Nizhnyaya Kama03 Neftyanikov str., 175 Elabuga Republic of Tatarstan Russia tel.: +7 (85557) rinur@yandex.ru 02ｨ ｨｪｨｪｨ 07 09ｨｰｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｰ ｨｮ05ｨｹｨｰｨ ｨｰ06ｨｬ 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰ ｨｨ04ｨｮ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｰ0600ｨ ｨｮｨｪ04 ｨｪｨ 02ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ ｨ 08ｨｺｨ 0001ｨｨ03ｨｪ ｨ ｨｬｨ ｨ ｨｬｨｺｨ 01 05ｨｰ06ｨｦ 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰ ｨｨｨｰ0907 ｨｨ04ｨｮ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ02 09ｨｨ ｨｰｨ 09ｨ, ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪ09ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 01ｨｨｨｴｨｪｨｨｨｺ0609 ｨｨ 00ｨ ｨｺｨｰ , 0905ｨｨ0706ｨｴｨｨ01 ｨｪｨ ｨｨ01 00ｨｪ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｨ03ｨｪ ｨ ｨｬｨ 03 08ｨ ｨｪ ｨｪｨ ｨｰ06ｨｺ ｨｮｨ 05ｨｨｨｺｨｨ 06ｨ ｨｰｨ 0809ｨｰｨ ｨｪ 09 ｨｪｨｨ03ｨｪ02ｨｬ ｨｰ02 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨｨｨ 0802ｨｺｨｨ 08ｨ ｨｬ04. ﾁｨ 09ｨｰｨｹ 08ｨｮ0905ｨ 0802ｨｺｨｨ ｨ ｨ ｨｪ0402 ﾁ0205ｨｪ04 04ｨ ｨｮ05ｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨ 01ｨｨ03ｨｪ02ｨｺｨ ｨｬ09ｨｺｨｨｨｬ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ05ｨｨｨｴ02ｨｬ ｨｨｨｰ0608ｨｨ07 ｨｪｨ 02ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ ｨ 08ｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｬｨ 02ｨｰ 06ｨ ｨ ｨ ｨ 0802ｨｺｨｨ 08ｨ ｨｬ04 ｨｨ 01ｨｨ03ｨｪ02ｨｺｨ ｨｬ09ｨｺ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ05ｨｨｨｴｨ ｨｴｨ 01ｨｹ ｨｪｨ 02ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ ｨ 08ｨｺｨ 26,6 ｨｰ ｨ. ﾁ02ｨｰ ｨ ｨ 0502ｨｪｨｪ ｨｪ0401 ｨｬｨ 0909ｨｨ09ｨ ｨ 05ｨ 01ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02ｨｬ ｨｪ07ｨｺ ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｬｨ 06ｨｰ ｨｺ060802ｨｪｨｪ0402 ｨ ｨ ｨｨ ｨｰ020808ｨ ｨｺｨｨ 08ｨ ｨｬ04. 07ｨｪｨｨｨｺｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ04ｨｦ 0706ｨｦｨｬ02ｨｪｨｪ ｨｨｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ ｨｺ06ｨｬ070502ｨｺ ｨ 01 ｨｪｨ 02ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ ｨ 08ｨｺｨ ｨC ｨ. 0208ｨｪｨｨｨｰ ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨ 07 04ｨｪｨ ﾂｨｨｨｬ0609ｨｰｨｹ 05ｨｰ06ｨｦ ｨ ｨ ｨｪ0702ｨｬ06ｨｦ 0708ｨｨ080601ｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｰ020808ｨｨｨｰ0608ｨｨｨｨ, ｨｪｨ ｨｪｨ , 04ｨ ｨｺ0506 ﾂｨ 02ｨｰ ｨ 01ｨ 07ｨｰｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ ｨ ｨｺｨｨ01 09ｨｨ ｨｰｨｨ02 ｨｺ 09ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ090609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ06 09 ｨｪ ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨ 05ｨｨ040609ｨｰｨｨ ｨｬ ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｬｨｨ ｨ ｨｬｨｨ 01ｨ ｨ ｨｪ0402 ﾁ0205ｨｪ04, 0305ｨ ｨ ｨｮ00ｨ, 01ｨｨ03ｨｪ02ｨｺｨ ｨｬ09ｨｺ, 0002ｨｪ ｨｺ, ｨｪｨ ｨ ｨ 02ｨｰ0907 ｨｮ09ｨｰ06ｨｦ ﾂｨｨ09ｨ 07 ｨｰ02ｨｪ0102ｨｪ02ｨｨ07 ｨｺ 01ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ02ｨｦ0302ｨｬｨｮ 08ｨ 0409ｨｨｨｰｨｨ ｨｬ ｨｪｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ, ｨｮ090205ｨｨ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ06 ｨｺ0605ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｰ09ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｨ ｨｺ0802ｨ 02ｨｨ06ｨｪｨｪ ｨｰ0802ｨ ｨｪ0609ｨｰ02ｨｦ. 09ｨｨｨｴｨｪ ｨｰｨｨ ｨｨ09ｨｰ08ｨｨ080609ｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨｹ 0906 This report is the result of bird surveys in the territory of the NP 00Nizhnyaya Kama03 (NP). We researched ornithofauna, spatial distribution and breeding biology of birds of prey in the territory of NP since 2004 to NP is located in the north-east of the Republic Tatarstan in the low reaches of the Kama River. The area of the NP is more than 26 thousands hectares. Osprey (Pandion haliaetus) nesting in the territory of NP was not recorded for the period of research. The migrating Ospreys were observed by us twice: on April, 22 nd 2006 and on April, 13th, 2007 from a permanent place of observation on the Kama River bank. The absence of Osprey nesting might be caused by competition with the White-Tailed Eagle and human disturbance. Honey Buzzard (Pernis apivorus) was observed in the Big Pine Forest during the breeding season several times. Considering locations and other parameters Two nests that we found in January 2007 seemed to be built by the Honey Buzzard. However the more reliable facts of the Honey Buzzard nesting were not revealed. Black Kite (Milvus migrans) is a common species in the territory of NP. Nests of Black Kites were found in all large forests and in flood-lands. Nesting sites are located in the Kama River valley. 18 nests of Black Kites were 04ｨｨ ｨ ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ02 01ｨｨｨｴｨｪ ｨｰｨｨ ｨｨ03ｨｪ ｨ ｨｬｨ 03 Fig. 1. Distribution of birds of prey in the NP 00Nizhnyaya Kama03

2 ｨｪｨ ｨｰ ｨｨｨｴｨｪｨｨｨｺｨｨ ｨｨ ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ 2008, ｨｮ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｰ ｨｨｨｴｨｪｨｨｨｺ (Pernis apivorus). Honey Buzzard (Pernis apivorus). Photo by R. Bekmansurov found since 2004 to 2007 (fig. 1, points 1, 4, 8, 9, 17, 21, 30, 55, 56, 59, 60, 64, 66ｨC68, 71ｨC73). As a rule the nests were located at the edge of forests close to flood-lands at the distance of 0,1ｨC0,2 km from the Kama River side. Usually nests contained dusters and polyethylene packages. We recorded Black Kites to breed only in found 7 nests in Also we registered Black Kites nesting in a nest, which earlier has been used by the White-Tailed Eagle (fig. 1, point 62) and also on the artificial nest installed for the White-Tailed Eagle (fig. 1, point 74). The distance between two nearest nesting pairs is 0.5 km. Hen Harrier (Circus cyaneus) is observed quite often in the territory of NP and on fields and meadows around. Nests have not been found yet in the territory of NP. The nearest to the park nest was observed on the distance of about 3 km from its borders in 2007 (fig. 1, point 19). Marsh Harrier (Circus aeruginosus) is regularly observed on count routes in the Kama River flood-lands with frequency of 2 individuals per 10 km. We regularly noted fledglings and can project this species to breed in the territory of NP where there are many suitable places for nesting. Goshawk (Accipiter gentilis): 33 nests of Goshawk were found in 16 breeding territories for the period of 2004ｨC2007 (fig. 1, points 5ｨC7, 11ｨC13, 15, 16, 20, 24, 25, 28, 29, 34ｨC39, 42ｨC54, 63, 75). A total of 20 pairs are estimated to breed in the territory of NP. We noted from 1 to 4 nests per breeding territory. The minimal distance between two breeding pairs was 1,6 km. The maximal density of breeding pairs was registered in the Tanajsky forest and was 3 pairs per 10 km 2. The average brood size is 3 chicks. Sparrowhawk (Accipiter nisus) is very seldom registered during count routes. Despite the fact of rare registrations a nest of the Sparrowhawk was found in the Big Pine Forest during detail surveys of dense pine forest fragment (about 1 hectare) aged 30 years (fig. 1, point 40). The remains of a fledgling were found under the nest. Another fledgling was observed near the nest. At the distance of 10 m from the nest we found an old dilapidated nest in the pine that confirmed the fact of long usage of the breeding territory. The similar nest was found in a similar site after the breeding season (fig. 1, point 41). The found breeding territories of the Sparrowhawk are located inside large forests. Rough-Legged Buzzard (Buteo lagopus) is noted during migrations. So 2 adults were observed on May, 2006 in the Tan090802ｨｬ ｨｨ01 ｨｬｨ ｨｮｨｰ0609, 06ｨ ｨｲ ｨｰ020808ｨｨｨｰ0608ｨｨｨｨ 0103 ｨｨ ｨｪｨ 0708ｨ ｨｪｨｪ ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 00ｨｪ ｨｨ000601ｨｪ0401 ｨｮ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｺ ｨ ｨｺ ｨｰｨｬ02 ﾂｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨｹ 0905ｨｮ ﾂｨ ｨｦｨｪ ｨｰ0802 ﾂｨｨ ｨｨ ｨｨ09ｨｹ 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0402, ｨｮ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｪ ｨｰ 0906ｨｰ08ｨｮ01ｨｪｨｨｨｺ0609 ｨｪｨ 02ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ ｨ 08ｨｺｨ ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰ ｨｰｨ ｨｪ ｨｮ05ｨｹｨｰｨ ｨｰ04 ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｦ ｨ 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ ｨｨ ｨ 00ｨｨｨｺ09ｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪ ｨｨ ｨｺ ｨ 08ｨ 04ｨｪ0401, ｨｨ04 ｨｺ06ｨｰ ｨｨ ｨｰ ｨｪ ｨｴｨｨｨｬｨｨ0907, 3 09ｨｨ01ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨ ｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨｹ ｨｬ07 ｨｬｨｨ0008ｨ 02ｨｨｨｦ, 01ｨ 08ｨ ｨｺｨｰ ｨ ｨｨｨｰｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｨ01ｨ 0609ｨｰｨ 00ｨｰ0907 ｨｪ ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｬ ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪ09ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ ｨ 04ｨｬ02ｨｴ02ｨｪｨｨ02 00ｨｪ ｨｨｨｴｨｪｨｨｨｺ ｨ ｨｪ06, 0005ｨ 09ｨｪ04ｨｬ 06ｨ 08ｨ 0406ｨｬ, ｨ ｨｬｨｨ 0708ｨｨｨ ｨｪ06ｨｦ 0406ｨｪ04 ｨｪｨ 02ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ ｨ 08ｨｺｨ, 0706ｨｦｨｬ06ｨｦ ｨ ｨｬｨ, ｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｺ ｨｪ0203ｨｪｨｨｨｬｨｨ 0607ｨｮ03ｨｺｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨｨ ｨｪ04ｨｬｨｨ ｨ ｨｬｨｨ, ｨｨ 09 ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｹ0302ｨｦ 09ｨｰ020702ｨｪｨｨ ｨC ｨｪｨｰ08ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ06ｨｦ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｹ ｨｪ0401 ｨｬｨ 0909ｨｨ ｨｺ0607ｨ (Pandion haliaetus) 05ｨ ｨｨ0601 ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｦ 00ｨｪ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 09ｨｺ ｨｪｨ ｨｰ020808ｨｨｨｰ0608ｨｨｨｨ ｨｪｨ 02ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ ｨ 08ｨｺｨ ｨｪ02 ｨｪｨ ｨ ｨ ｨｹ, 0106ｨｰ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｨｨｪ000608ｨｬｨ 02ｨｨ ｨｪ ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｨ 0601ｨｪ06ｨｦ 07ｨ 0804 ｨｪｨ 0706ｨ ｨｹ02 01ｨｨ03ｨｪ02ｨｺｨ ｨｬ09ｨｺ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ05ｨｨｨｴｨ ｨ 05ｨｨ ｨｮ09 09 ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ ( ｨｹｨｺ020209, ｨｹｨｺ020209, 05ｨｨ ﾂｨｪ ｨ ｨｴ02ｨｪｨｨ02). 01ｨ ｨｮｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｪｨｪ06ｨｬ ｨｮ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｺ02 09 ｨｪｨ 09ｨｰ0607ｨｴ ｨｬ07 08ｨ ｨｪ 00ｨｪ ｨｦ ｨｮ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰ06ｨｺ ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨ ｨｰｨ. 01ｨ ｨｬｨｨ 09ｨｺ0607ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨ ｨ 05ｨ 09ｨｹ 0109ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｰ02 22 ｨ ｨｨ 13 ｨ ｨｰ0607ｨｪｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｰ06 ﾂｨｺｨｨ ｨｪｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｦ ｨｪｨ ｨ ｨｮ ｨ ｨｬｨ. 01ｨ 0708ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｰｨ ｨC ｨｰ06 ﾂｨｪ0602, ｨｹ 08ｨｮ0905ｨ 0802ｨｺｨｨ 08ｨ ｨｬｨ. 01ｨ 06ｨｰ09ｨｮｨｰ09ｨｰ09ｨｨ02 00ｨｪ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 09ｨｺ ｨｪｨ ｨｰ020808ｨｨｨｰ0608ｨｨｨｨ ｨｪｨ 02ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ ｨ 08ｨｺｨ, ｨｰｨｪ06, 0905ｨｨ0702ｨｰ ｨｺ06ｨｪｨｺｨｮ0802ｨｪ02ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪ06ｨｬｨ ｨｰ06ｨｬ ｨｨ ｨ ｨｺ06ｨｦ09ｨｰ ｨｰ060806ｨｪ04 ﾂ ｨｺｨ. 02ｨ 04ｨｺｨｪ060902ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ (Pernis apivorus) 00 00ｨｪ ｨｦ ｨｨ0601 ｨ 0405ｨｨ 06ｨｰｨｬ02 ﾂ02ｨｪ ｨｮ ﾂｨ ｨｦｨｪ ｨｰ0802 ﾂｨｨ 06ｨ 04ｨｺｨｪ060902ｨｪｨｪ ｨ ｨｹ0306ｨｬ ｨ 0608ｨｮ ｨｰ06ｨｬ 0302 ｨｺ05ｨ 09ｨｰ ｨｪ09ｨ ｨ 0405ｨｨ 06ｨ ｨｪｨ 08ｨｮ0302ｨｪ ｨｪ020401ｨ, ｨｬ 0708ｨｨ04ｨｪｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｬ 06ｨｰ0902 ﾂｨ 06ｨｴｨｨ01 00ｨｪ ｨｬ 09ｨｰ ｨｰｨｨ07ｨ ｨｬ ｨ. 0602ｨｬ ｨｪ02 ｨｬ02ｨｪ0202, ｨｰ ｨｪ ｨ ｨｺｨｰ ｨｪ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨ 0706ｨｺｨ ｨｪ02 ｨｮ09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ ｨｪ06. ﾁ0008ｨｪ04ｨｦ ｨｺ060803ｨｮｨｪ (Milvus migrans) 02ｨ 04 ﾂｨｪ04ｨｦ 09ｨｨ ｨｨ0500ｨｰ ｨｪｨ ｨ ｨ 02ｨｰ

3 13Raptors Research Raptors Conservation 2008, ｨｰ02ｨｪ0204 ｨｺ060803ｨｮｨｪｨ (Milvus migrans) 09 00ｨｪ Chicks of the Black Kite (Milvus migrans) in the nest. Photo by R. Bekmansurov ﾂｨｨ ｨ ｨ ｨｦ06ｨｪ ｨ ｨ ｨｮ00ｨ 10 ｨ ｨ 0405ｨ 04ｨ 00ｨｨｨｺ09ｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨ 09ｨｰｨ ｨ ｨｨ ｨｪ ｨｦ ｨｨ0601 ｨｺ060803ｨｮｨｪ ｨｰ0802 ﾂｨ 06ｨｰ0907 ｨｪｨ ｨｬｨ ｨｮｨｰｨ ｨｬ0209ｨｰｨｪ06, ｨｺｨ ｨｺ ｨｪｨ ｨｰ020808ｨｨｨｰ0608ｨｨｨｨ 07ｨ 08ｨｺｨ, ｨｰｨ ｨｺ ｨｨ 04ｨ ｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨｬ ｨｪ06ｨｺ ｨｪｨ 0706ｨｦｨｬ02ｨｪｨｪ ｨｮ00ｨ ｨｨ06ｨｪ02 ｨC ｨｨ ｨｪｨ ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰ ｨｺ ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｺ060803ｨｮｨｪ ｨ 02ｨｦ ｨｪｨ ｨｺ0608ｨｬ0203ｨｺ02, ｨｬ0209ｨｰｨｪ06 09 ｨｺｨ ｨｪ06ｨｺｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨｨ 0908ｨ ｨｪ060904ｨｬｨｨ. 01ｨｪ000401ｨ ﾂ0008ｨｪ0401 ｨｺ060803ｨｮｨｪ0609 ｨ 0405ｨｨ 06ｨ ｨｪｨ 08ｨｮ0302ｨｪ ｨｪ0401 ｨｬｨ 0909ｨｨ09ｨ 01 ｨｨ ｨｦｨｬ02. 01ｨｪ ｨｮ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｺｨｨ 0708ｨｨｨｮ0806 ﾂ02ｨｪ04 ｨｺ ｨｨｨｪ ｨｺｨｨ 08ｨ ｨｬｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ 08ｨｮ0302ｨｪ ｨｪ ｨｰ080602ｨｺ ｨｺ060803ｨｮｨｪｨ (08ｨｨ09. 1, ｨｰ06 ﾂｨｺｨｨ , 4, 8, 9, 17, 21, 30, 55, 56, 59, 60, 64, 66ｨC68, 71ｨC73). 08ｨ ｨｺ 0708ｨ 09ｨｨ0506, ｨｮ01ｨ 0500ｨｪｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ 00ｨｪ ｨｰ ｨ ｨ ｨ ｨｬｨ ｨｨ05ｨｨ 0607ｨｮ03ｨｺｨｨ, ｨｴ02ｨｦ ｨｦｨｬｨｮ ｨC 0,1ｨC 0,2 ｨｺｨｬ. 01ｨｪ ｨｰ0806ｨｦｨｺｨｨ 06ｨ ｨｪｨ 08ｨｮ0302ｨｪ04 ｨｪｨ ｨｪｨ 01, 05ｨｨ07ｨ 01, 01ｨｮｨ 02 ｨｨ ｨｰ ｨ ｨ 04ｨ 09ｨｨ09ｨｨｨｰ ｨｪ0609ｨｪ06ｨｬ 06ｨｰ ｨｰ060006, ｨｺｨ ｨｺ ｨｰｨｨ07ｨ ｨｨ0408ｨ 09ｨｰｨ 02ｨｰ 09 ｨ ｨｦ 0406ｨｪ02. 01ｨ ｨｰ ｨｮ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｺｨ 01 ｨｨｨｬ0206ｨｰ ｨｪ020401ｨ, 08ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0401 ｨｪｨ 08ｨ 0909ｨｰ0607ｨｪｨｨｨｨ 30ｨC50 ｨｬ 0108ｨｮ00 06ｨｰ 0108ｨｮ00ｨ. 00 ｨｺｨ ｨｦ 00ｨｪ ｨｦ ｨｰ0806ｨｦｨｺ02 ｨｨ ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｪ ｨ ｨｪｨｰ ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ ｨｬｨ ｨｰ0208ｨｨｨ 05: ｨｰ080707ｨｺｨｨ, ｨｨ05ｨｰｨｨ0502ｨｪ ｨ ｨｺ02ｨｰ ｨｨ 0609ｨｬ06ｨｰ ｨｪ ｨｺ060803ｨｮｨｪｨ ｨｪｨ 7 ｨ ｨ 00ｨｨｨｺ09ｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪ06 00ｨｪ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｬ02 ｨｰ060006, 0601ｨｨｨｪ 00ｨ ｨｺｨｰ 00ｨｪ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｪｨ ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨ ｨｬ 00ｨｪ ｨ ｨｪｨ (08ｨｨ09. 1, ｨｰ06 ﾂｨｺｨ 01 62), ｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0302 ｨｪｨ ｨｨ09ｨｺｨｮ0909ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ06ｨｦ 00ｨｪ ｨｦ 0705ｨ ｨｰ000608ｨｬ02, ｨｮ09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ ｨｪｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨ ｨｪｨ (08ｨｨ09. 1, ｨｰ06 ﾂｨｺｨ 01 74). 04ｨ 0909ｨｰ0607ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｬ020301ｨｮ 0109ｨｮｨｬ07 ｨ 05ｨｨ03ｨ ｨｦ03ｨｨｨｬｨｨ 00ｨｪ ｨｴｨｨｨｬｨｨ ｨ 08ｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨC 0,5 ｨｺｨｬ ｨｨ 07ｨｨｨｴ ｨｰｨ ｨｰｨｺ ｨｪ000401ｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨｺ060803ｨｮｨｪ0609 ｨC ｨｪ0609ｨｪ06ｨｬ ｨｺ0609ｨｰｨｨ 0804ｨ. 0404ｨ ｨ, 0106ｨ 0409ｨ 02ｨｬｨ 07 ｨｺ060803ｨｮｨｪｨ ｨｬｨｨ, 04ｨ 08ｨ 0302ｨｪｨ 05ｨｨ00ｨｮ ｨｬ ｨｺ06ｨｨ0104 ｨ 0405ｨｨ 06ｨ ｨｪｨ 08ｨｮ0302ｨｪ04 ｨｺｨ ｨｺ ｨｪ000401ｨ ｨｬｨｨ, ｨｰｨ ｨｺ ｨｨ 09 09ｨ ｨｬｨｨ01 aisky meadows. We noted a bird feeding in a field close to the Tanaisky meadows on August, Buzzard (Buteo buteo) is a common breeding species registered in all around the territory of NP. Two nests of the Buzzard were found on birches located at the edge of pine forest boarding with a field (fig. 1, points 23, 26) in Also an active nest was found in a dense pine forest aged about 50 years (fig. 1, point 10) near of the Tanajskiy forest on May Two chicks were noted in the nest in June The third chick was found under the nest, it was lost probably because of the insufficient feeding. Booted Eagle (Hieraaetus pennatus) was recorded to nest in the Big Pine forest in 2005 (Nikolenko E.G., Bekmansurov R.H., 2006). However that nest has been abandoned because the death of one partner, remains of which was found near the nest. White-Tailed Eagle (Haliaeetus albicilla) is a breeding species, some birds are wintering. The monitoring of the White-tailed- Eagle nesting is carried out in NP. We found 6 or 8 breeding territories, where the perennial nests are known now (fig. 1, points 2, 14, 22, 31ｨC32, 62, 69). The average distance between the centers of the nearest breeding territories is about 4 km. Peregrine Falcon (Falco peregrinus). Only individuals were observed exactly in the territory of NP on April and May, The facts of nesting are not confirmed. Hobby (Falco subbuteo) is a breeding species. Noting fledglings and adults with alarmed behavior during count routes we registered 4 breeding territories in points 27, 57, 65, 70. Three of them were located in the coastal zone of woods in NP, one ｨC at the edge of forest boarded with a field. A total of 4ｨC10 pairs are projected to breed in the territory of NP. Kestrel (Falco tinnunculus) is a breeding species that generally occupy old nests of the Hooded Crow. Two nests of the Kestrel were found in Besides one nest was found in the Big pine forest (fig. 1, point 58) and another ｨC in the Tanajsky forest (fig. 1, point 18). Both nests were located on pines on a forested precipice of the Kama River right side. Two another nests were found in One of them was located on the elm on the slope of the Kama River terrace (fig. 1, point 3), another ｨC on a single elm in the central part of the Kama River flood-lands (fig. 1, point 33). We registered 2 clutches in the last nest during last breeding. The nesting was observed in only one breeding territory in 2007 (fig. 1, point 3).

4 ｨｪｨ ｨｰ ｨｨｨｴｨｪｨｨｨｺｨｨ ｨｨ ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ 2008, ｨｮ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｰ ｨｨｨｴｨｪｨｨｨｺ ｨｺｨｮ06ｨｴｨｨ02 ｨ ｨｰｨｪ ｨｮｨｪｨｨ (Circus aeruginosus). 0806ｨｰ ｨ 0807ｨｺｨｨｨｪｨ Adults of the Marsh Harrier (Circus aeruginosus). Photo by I. Karyakin 00ｨｪ000401ｨ ｨ ｨｹ 09ｨ 05ｨｨ04ｨｨ 09 00ｨｪ ｨｬｨｨ ｨｮ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｺｨ ｨｬｨｨ 0108ｨｮ00ｨｨ01 01ｨｨｨｴｨｪｨｨｨｺ0609, ｨｪｨ 0708ｨｨｨｬ ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｨ ｨｰ02ｨｰ ｨｰｨｪｨｨｨｺｨ, ｨｺ060803ｨｮｨｪ ｨ ｨｨ08ｨ 06ｨｰ 0609ｨｰｨ ｨｪｨｺｨｨ ｨｨ ｨｰ ｨｦ 05ｨｮｨｪｨｹ (Circus cyaneus) 02ｨ ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ 09ｨｨ01 ｨｪ ｨｺ06 06ｨｰｨｬ02- ﾂｨ 02ｨｰ0907 ｨｺｨ ｨｺ ｨｪｨ ｨｰ020808ｨｨｨｰ0608ｨｨｨｨ ｨｪｨ 02ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ ｨ 08ｨｺｨ, ｨｰｨ ｨｺ ｨｨ 09 ｨｪ ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨ 05ｨｨ040609ｨｰｨｨ 06ｨｰ ｨｪ ｨｪｨ ｨｨ 05ｨｮ00ｨ ｨｪ000401ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｰ020808ｨｨｨｰ0608ｨｨｨｨ ｨｪｨ 02ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ ｨ 08ｨｺｨ 0706ｨｺｨ ｨｪ02 ｨｪｨ ｨｦ0102ｨｪ04. 05ｨ ｨｬ0602 ｨ 05ｨｨ04ｨｺ0602 ｨｺ 07ｨ 08ｨｺｨｮ 00ｨｪ ｨ ｨｪｨ 08ｨｮ0302ｨｪ ｨｪｨ 08ｨ 0909ｨｰ0607ｨｪｨｨｨｨ 06ｨｺ ｨｺｨｬ 06ｨｰ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 (08ｨｨ09. 1, ｨｰ06 ﾂｨｺｨ 01 19). 01ｨｪ , 09ｨｺ0804ｨｰ ｨｺ06ｨｦ ｨｰ08ｨ 0906ｨｦ, 08ｨ ｨ 00ｨ ｨｹ ｨｪｨ 0402ｨｬ ｨｨ0806ｨｺ06ｨｦ ｨｬ ｨｬ020301ｨｮ ｨｪ02ｨ 0605ｨｹ03ｨｨｨｬｨｨ ｨｺｨ 08ｨｰ ｨｹｨｪ04ｨｬｨｨ ｨｮ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｺｨ ｨｬｨｨ. 04ｨ 0909ｨｰ0607ｨｪｨｨ02 06ｨｰ ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｺ09ｨ ｨC 0700ｨ 06ｨｺ ｨｬ. 01ｨｪ ｨｬｨ ｨｰ08ｨｨ09ｨ ｨｹ ｨｮ ｨｰｨ ｨｰｨｺ ｨ ｨｹｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｰ020808ｨｨｨｰ0608ｨｨｨｨ ｨｮ ｨ ｨｰ02ｨｪ ｨ ｨｪ04ｨｦ 00ｨｪ ｨｦ ｨｮ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰ06ｨｺ 09ｨ 05ｨｨ04ｨｨ 05ｨｰ06ｨｦ 0302 ｨｰ08ｨ , ｨｪ06 ｨｮ0302 ｨｪｨ 0607ｨｮ03ｨｺ ｨｪ ｨ, ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ 08ｨｮ0302ｨｪ ｨｨｨｺ060502ｨｪｨｺ06 (05ｨｨ ﾂｨｪ ｨ ｨｴ02ｨｪｨｨ02) ｨｰｨｪ04ｨｦ 05ｨｮｨｪｨｹ (Circus aeruginosus) ｨｮ050708ｨｪ06 06ｨｰｨｬ02 ﾂｨ 02ｨｰ0907 ｨｪｨ ｨｬｨ ｨｮｨｰｨ ｨｦｨｬ ｨ ｨｬｨ, 09 06ｨ ｨｨ05ｨｨ02ｨｬ ｨ ｨｨ/10 ｨｺｨｬ ｨｪｨ ｨ ｨ 02ｨｬ04ｨｬ ｨｰｨｺｨ ｨｬ ｨｬ0603ｨｪ06 09ｨｮ01ｨｨｨｰｨｹ 06 00ｨｪ ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｨ 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ ｨｨ01ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｰ020808ｨｨｨｰ0608ｨｨｨｨ ｨｪｨ 02ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ ｨ 08ｨｺｨ, ｨｨｨｬ0202ｨｰ ｨｰｨ ｨｰ06 ﾂｨｪ06 ｨｬ0209ｨｰ ｨｰ ｨｰｨｬ02 ﾂ02ｨｪ ｨｨｨｪｨｰ ｨｪ04ｨｦ 00ｨ ｨｺｨｰ: 22 ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｦ09ｨｺｨｨ01 05ｨｮ00ｨ 01 ｨｪｨ 02ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ ｨ 08ｨｺｨ 09ｨ ｨｬｨｺｨ ｨ ｨｰｨｪ ｨｮｨｪ07 ｨ 0405ｨ ｨｮ00ｨｪｨｮｨｰｨ ｨｬ07 ｨｺ0608ｨｬ0203ｨｺｨｨ. 0308ｨｨ ｨｺ ｨｰ0906ｨｦ 06ｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨ ｨｮ09ｨ ｨｺ (Lepus europaeus) ｨｨ 04ｨ ｨ 04ｨｰ 09ｨ ｨｬｨｺ06ｨｦ ｨ ｨｰｨｪ ｨｮｨｪ07, 0609ｨｰｨ ｨｹ ｨｪ ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｬ. 0602ｨｰ ｨｰｨｪｨｨｨｺ (Accipiter gentilis) 05ｨ ｨｨ ｨC ｨｪ ｨｪ ｨｰ0806ｨｦｨｺｨｨ ｨｰ02ｨｰ ｨｰｨｪｨｨｨｺｨ ｨｪｨ 16 00ｨｪ ｨｮ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｺｨ 01 (08ｨｨ09. 1, ｨｰ06 ﾂｨｺｨｨ ｨC7, 11ｨC13, 15, 16, 20, 24, 25, 28, 29, 34ｨC39, 42ｨC54, 63, 75). 01ｨ ｨｰ020808ｨｨｨｰ0608ｨｨｨｨ ｨｪｨ 02ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ ｨ 08ｨｺｨ, 0706 ｨｪｨ 0302ｨｦ ｨｪｨｺ02, 00ｨｪ020401ｨｨｨｰ ｨ 08 ｨｰ02ｨｰ ｨｰｨｪｨｨｨｺ ｨ 00ｨｪ ｨｮ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｺｨ 01 06ｨ ｨｪｨ 08ｨｮ0302ｨｪ06 06ｨｰ ｨｪ ｨ 0909ｨｰ0607ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｬ020301ｨｮ 00ｨｪ000401ｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨ 01 00ｨｪ ｨｮ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｺｨ ｨC 06ｨｰ ｨｬ ｨｪｨｪ ｨｪ000401ｨ 08ｨ ｨｪ04 ｨｪｨ ｨｪｨ ｨ 09ｨｰ06ｨｬ 06ｨｰ ｨｰ, ｨｪｨ ｨｰｨ 01 06ｨｰ ｨｬ. 01ｨｪ000401ｨ, ｨｺｨ ｨｺ 0708ｨ 09ｨｨ0506, 09ｨｨ01ｨｪ04 09 ｨｬ0203ｨｺ09ｨ 08ｨｰｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ ｨｺ, ｨｨ ｨｪ ｨｨ ｨｮ01ｨ 0502ｨｪ04 06ｨｰ ｨｪｨｨ01 ｨｪｨ 08ｨ 0909ｨｰ0607ｨｪｨｨ02 50ｨC150 ｨｬ. 0608ｨｨ 00ｨｪ ｨｮ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｺｨ 08ｨ ｨｪ ｨｬ 09 ｨ 0900ｨ 05ｨｹｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｬｨｨ ｨ 09ｨｰ ｨ ｨｬｨｨ, 6 ｨｮ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｺ0609 ｨC 09 ｨｬ0209ｨｰｨ 01 ﾂｨ 09ｨｰ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｦ. 00ｨｨｨｪｨｨｨｬｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ ｨ 0909ｨｰ0607ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｬ020301ｨｮ 0109ｨｮｨｬ07 00ｨｪ ｨｴｨｨｨｬｨｨ ｨ 08ｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨC 1,6 ｨｺｨｬ. 00ｨ ｨｺ09ｨｨｨｬｨ 05ｨｹｨｪｨ ｨｰｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ 00ｨｪ ｨｴｨｨ ｨ 08 ｨｪｨ ｨ ｨ 05ｨ 09ｨｹ 09 06ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｦ09ｨｺ06ｨｬ ｨｮ: 3 07ｨ 0804 ｨｪｨ 10 ｨｺｨｬ ｨ ｨｪ0202 ｨｺ0605ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｰ ｨｰ02ｨｪ ｨｺ02 ｨC ｨｪｨ ｨｺ06, 07ｨｰ02ｨｪ ｨｪｨ ｨ ｨ 05ｨｨ ｨｬ05ｨｨ, ｨｰ06ｨｬｨｮ ｨｪ02ｨｰ ｨｰ06 ﾂｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｮ ｨｪｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ, ﾂｨｰ06 ｨｮ01ｨ ｨｹ 04ｨ 00ｨｨｨｺ09ｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｰ02ｨｪ ｨｪｨ ｨ ｨ 02ｨｬ ｨｪ000401ｨ ｨｹ03ｨｨｨｪ09ｨｰ ｨｪｨｪ ｨｪ ｨC ｨｬｨｪ ｨｰｨｪｨｨ02, ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｹ ｨｨ01 08ｨ 0408ｨｮ03ｨ 02ｨｰ ｨｰｨ ｨｰｨｺ ｨｰ ｨｰｨｪｨｨｨｺ ｨｮ050708ｨｪ06 ｨｪｨ ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｬｨｨ 09 ｨｰ02 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｬｨ ｨｮｨｰｨ 01, ｨｺｨ ｨｺ ｨｪ0401 ｨ ｨｨ06ｨｰ0607ｨ 01, ｨｰｨ ｨｺ ｨｨ ｨ ｨ ｨ ｨｮ00ｨ ｨｨ 01ｨ ｨ ｨｪ0402 ﾁ0205ｨｪ ｨｮ ﾂ00ｨｰ ｨｨｨｬｨｪｨｨｨｦ ｨｨ ｨｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｰ0607ｨｪｨｪ06ｨｬ ｨｬｨ ｨｮｨｰ ｨ ｨ ｨｮ00ｨ ｨｮ050708ｨｪ06 ｨｪｨ ｨ ｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨｹ 1ｨC ｨ ｨｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｺｨｬ ｨｬｨ ｨｮｨｰｨ. 08ｨ ｨｺ 09 04ｨｨｨｬｨｪｨｨｨｦ, ｨｰｨ ｨｺ ｨｨ 09 00ｨｪ ｨｦ ｨｨ ｨｰｨｪｨｨ ﾂｨｹｨｨ ｨｮ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｺｨｨ ｨｰ02ｨｰ ｨｰｨｪｨｨｨｺ ｨｨ090704ｨ ｨｪ04 ｨｺ ｨｺ06ｨｦ ｨｰ020808ｨｨｨｰ0608ｨｨｨｨ. 01ｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨｪ04 ｨｪｨ 0708ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｰ ｨｰ ｨｮ ｨｪ ｨｪｨｰ ｨｪ ｨｮ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｺ0609 ｨｨ 06ｨ 08ｨ ｨｰｨｪ ｨ 04 ﾂ02ｨｦ: 06ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｦ09ｨｺｨｨｨｦ ｨC ｨ ｨ ｨｮ00ｨ, 06ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｦ09ｨｺｨｨｨｦ ｨC ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｦｨｺｨ, 00ｨ 0504ｨｦ ｨ 0608 ｨC ｨ ｨ ｨｮ00ｨ, ｨｹ0306ｨｦ ｨ 0608 ｨC ｨ ｨ ｨｪ0402 ﾁ0205ｨｪ04 ﾂ ｨｺｨｮ 08ｨ ｨｬｨ, ｨ ｨｮ ( ｨｺｨｨｨｦ ) ｨC ｨ ｨ ｨｪ0402 ﾁ0205ｨｪ04. 04ｨ 02ｨｨ06ｨｪ 07ｨｨｨｰｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｬ0209ｨｰｨｪ06ｨｦ 0008ｨｮ0707ｨｨ080609ｨｺｨｨ ｨｰ02ｨｰ ｨｰｨｪｨｨｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｰ ｨｨｨｬｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ06 09ｨｨ0404ｨｦ ｨｮｨ ｨｹ (Columba livia) (0902ｨｺｨｬｨ ｨｪ09ｨｮ080609, 2008). 06ｨ ｨｺ, 0708ｨｨ ｨｨ04ｨｮ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨｨｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｪｨｺ ｨｰ09 ｨｪｨ ｨｮ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｺ ｨｬｨｺｨｪｨｮｨｰ ｨｪ07ｨｺｨ ｨｬ, ｨｰｨ ｨｪｨｺ ｨｨｨｪｨ ｨ 05ｨｨ 09ｨｨ0406ｨｬｨｮ ｨｮｨ 06, 1 ｨC 0906ｨｦｨｺ02 (Garrulus glandarius), 1 ｨC ｨｦ ｨｪ02 (Corvus cornix) ｨｰｨｪｨｨｨｺ (Accipiter nisus) 06ｨｰ06ｨｰ 0709ｨｰ0802ｨ 0909ｨｰ0802 ﾂｨ 02ｨｰ0907 ｨｪｨ ｨｬｨ ｨｮｨｰｨ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｹ ｨｺ06. 06ｨ ｨｺ, 09 00ｨｪ ｨｦ ｨｨ ｨｨｨｪ 08ｨ 04 ｨ ｨｰ0802 ﾂ02ｨｪ ｨｪｨ 06ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｨｨｪ02 06ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｦ09ｨｺ ｨ ｨｨ 0601ｨｨｨｪ 08ｨ 04 ｨC ｨ ｨｮ ( ｨｺｨｨｨｦ ) ｨｨｨｬｨｪ ｨｬ07 06ｨｰｨｬ02 ﾂ02ｨｪ ｨ ｨ ｨｮ00ｨ ｨｨ 09 06ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｦ09ｨｺｨｨ01 05ｨｮ00ｨ ｨ ｨｬｨｺｨ ｨｰｨｪｨｨｨｺｨ ｨ 0405ｨ 06ｨｰ ｨｪｨ ｨｲ ｨｰｨｨ05ｨｰｨ 03ｨｪ ｨｬｨ ｨ ｨ ｨｪ0402 ﾁ0205ｨｪ04 26 ｨｬｨ 08ｨｰｨ , ｨｺｨｮ01ｨ 06ｨｪｨ ｨ 05ｨ ﾂ ｨｺｨｪ06, ｨｰｨｪ06, ｨｬ ｨｰ ｨｮ07 09ｨ ｨｬ02ｨ 06ｨ ｨｪｨ 08ｨｮ0302ｨｪ 5 ｨｬｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｰ020808ｨｨｨｰ0608ｨｨｨｨ 06ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｦ09ｨｺ ｨ ｨｬ06ｨｰ0807 ｨｪｨ ｨｺｨｨ ｨｰ0802 ﾂｨｨ, 0708ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪ06ｨｬ ﾂ ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｨ ｨｮ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｺｨ (06ｨｺ ｨ ) 00ｨｮ09ｨｰ060006

5 13Raptors Research Raptors Conservation 2008, ｨｰ02ｨｪ0204 ｨｺｨ ｨｪ06ｨｺｨ (Buteo buteo) 09 00ｨｪ ｨｰ ｨｺｨｬｨ ｨｪ09ｨｮ080609ｨ Chicks of the Buzzard (Buteo buteo) in the nest. Photo by R. Bekmansurov ｨｪ07ｨｺｨ ｨ 09ｨｰ06ｨｬ 06ｨｺ ｨｰ ｨｮｨ ｨｨｨｪ02 ｨｺ05ｨ 09ｨｰ0208ｨ ｨｹ0306ｨｦ ｨ 0608 ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ 08ｨｮ0302ｨｪ06 00ｨｪ ｨｰｨｪｨｨｨｺｨ (08ｨｨ09. 1, ｨｰ06 ﾂｨｺｨ 01 40) ｨｪ ｨｬ ｨ 0405ｨｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｦ0102ｨｪ ｨｰｨ ｨｪｨｺｨｨ ｨｨｨ ｨｰｨｺｨ ｨｬ 09 00ｨｪ ｨｬ 0502ｨｰｨ 05 02ｨｴ ｨｨｨｪ ｨｰ06ｨｺ ｨｬ, ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0302 ｨｪｨ ｨｪ02, ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｦ0102ｨｪ06 09ｨｰｨ ｨｮ08ｨ 0408ｨｮ0302ｨｪｨｪ ｨｪ , ﾂｨｰ ｨｨ0102ｨｰ0205ｨｹ09ｨｰ090609ｨ ｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ06ｨｬ ｨｨ ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｨ 00ｨｪ ｨｮ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｺｨ. 01ｨ ｨ ｨｪ06ｨｬ ｨｮ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｺ02, ｨｮ ｨｺ06ｨｪ ﾂｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 00ｨｪ ｨｪｨ, ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ 08ｨｮ0302ｨｪ ｨｪ (08ｨｨ09. 1, ｨｰ06 ﾂｨｺｨ 01 41) ｨｪｨｪ ｨｪ ｨｮ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｺｨｨ ｨｰｨｪｨｨｨｺｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｰ ｨｮｨ ｨｨｨｪ ｨｪ0401 ｨｬｨ 0909ｨｨ ｨｨｨｬｨｪ07ｨｺ (Buteo lagopus) 05ｨｨｨｬｨｪ07ｨｺ 06ｨｰｨｬ02 ﾂ02ｨｪ ｨｪｨ ｨｰ02. 06ｨ ｨｺ, ｨ ｨｨ ｨｪｨ ｨ ｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨｹ 6 ｨｬｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｦ09ｨｺｨｨ01 05ｨｮ00ｨ ｨｬ02 ｨｰ060006, 04ｨｨｨｬｨｪ07ｨｺ 06ｨｰｨｬ02 ﾂ02ｨｪ 09 ｨ 0900ｨｮ09ｨｰ ｨｪｨ ｨｺ0608ｨｬ0203ｨｺ , 0708ｨｨｨｬ04ｨｺｨ 06ｨｴ02ｨｬ ｨｺ 06ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｦ09ｨｺｨｨｨｬ 05ｨｮ00ｨ ｨｬ. 02ｨ 04ｨｺｨｪ060902ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ ｨｺｨ ｨｪ06ｨｺ (Buteo buteo) 08ｨ ｨｪ06ｨｺ ｨｰ ｨ 04 ﾂｨｪ04ｨｬ 09ｨｨ0106ｨｬ, 0909ｨｰ0802 ﾂｨ 02ｨｰ ｨｬ0209ｨｰｨｪ06 ｨｪｨ ｨｰ020808ｨｨｨｰ0608ｨｨｨｨ ｨｪｨ 02ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ ｨ 08ｨｺｨ. 0602ｨｬ ｨｪ02 ｨｬ02ｨｪ0202, 0706ｨｨ09ｨｺ ｨｨ 06ｨ ｨｪｨ 08ｨｮ0302ｨｪｨｨ02 00ｨｪ ｨｺｨ ｨｪ06ｨｺｨ ｨｰ0802ｨ ｨｮ02ｨｰ ｨｪｨｪ ｨｰｨ. 0209ｨ 00ｨｪ020401ｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｪ06ｨｺｨ, 06ｨ ｨｪｨ 08ｨｮ0302ｨｪｨｪ , 0708ｨｨｨｮ0806 ﾂ02ｨｪ04 ｨｺ 0607ｨｮ03ｨｺ ｨｪ ｨ, 0008ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ﾂｨ ｨｴ ｨｬ. 02ｨ ｨ 00ｨｪ020401ｨ 08ｨ ｨ 00ｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨｹ ｨｪｨ ｨ ｨ ｨｪ ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ 08ｨｮ0302ｨｪ06 10 ｨｬｨ ｨｬ07 ｨｰｨｮ0302ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｪｨｨ ｨ 08ｨ 09 ｨｺ (00ｨ 0504ｨｦ ｨ 0608), ｨｺ06ｨｰ060804ｨｦ ｨｰｨ ｨｰ 0906ｨ 06ｨｦ 0008ｨ 00ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｪｨｮ ｨｪ0609ｨｮ ｨ 01ｨｺｨｮ, 06ｨｺ08ｨｮ0300ｨｪｨｪｨｮ ｨｬ (08ｨｨ09. 1, ｨｰ06 ﾂｨｺｨ 01 23). 01ｨｪ ｨｮ09ｨｰ080602ｨｪ06 ｨｪｨ ｨ , ｨｨ0408ｨ 09ｨｰｨ 06ｨｴ02ｨｦ ｨ 00ｨ, 08ｨ ｨｪ ｨｨ09ｨｰ090605ｨｹｨｪ06ｨｦ 08ｨ 0409ｨｨ05ｨｺ02 ｨｪｨ ｨｰ02 10ｨC12 ｨｬ (2/ ｨｰ ｨ ). 01ｨｪ ｨｬｨｪ ｨｰｨｪ0202, 01ｨｨｨ ｨｬ02ｨｰ0806ｨｬ 70 09ｨｬ, ｨｰ06ｨｦ 70 09ｨｬ. 0906ｨｰ06ｨｺ ｨｪ ｨｮｨ 06ｨｺｨｨｨｦ, ｨｰ05ｨ ｨｪ ｨｨｨｬｨｨ ｨｪ060904ｨｬｨｨ 0902ｨｰｨｺｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨｪｨｹ 06ｨ ｨｪｨ 08ｨｮ0302ｨｪｨｨ ｨｪ ｨｪｨ ｨｨ050609ｨｹ 4 07ｨｦ02ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｰｨｨ05ｨｺｨ ｨｪ ｨｬ ｨｬ ｨ ｨｬ06ｨｰ0807 ｨｪｨ 09ｨｰ , ｨｮ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ 07ｨｰｨｨ02ｨ ｨｬｨｨ, ｨｺ05ｨ 01ｨｺｨ ｨｪ02 ｨ 0405ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ. 01ｨｪ ｨｬｨ ｨｰ08ｨｨ09ｨ ｨｹ 02ｨｴ ｨ 04ｨ. 10 ｨｨ06ｨｪ ｨｪ ｨｪｨ ｨ ｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨｹ 4 07ｨｮ010609ｨｨ ﾂｨｺｨ. 08ｨ ｨｦ 08ｨ ｨｬ ｨｬ06ｨｰ08ｨ 09 00ｨｪ ｨｪｨ ｨｨ05ｨｨ09ｨｹ 2ｨC3 ｨｰｨｮ03ｨｺｨｨ ｨｬ ｨｨ01ｨｪ ｨｮｨｪ0609, ﾂｨｰ ｨｨ0102ｨｰ0205ｨｹ09ｨｰ090609ｨ ｨ ｨｮ ｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｰ ｨｰｨｨ02 ｨｨ ｨｦ ｨｺ0608ｨｬ060906ｨｦ ｨ ｨ ｨｬ02 ｨｪｨ ｨｬｨｪ060006ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｰｨｪ ｨｴ02ｨｪｨｨ07 00ｨｪ020401ｨ ｨｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨ 08ｨ ｨ ｨｰｨｬ02 ﾂ02ｨｪ06 ｨｨ 0108ｨｮ ｨ ｨｺ06ｨｦ09ｨｰ ｨｪ ｨｴ02ｨｦ ｨ 0804: ｨｬ 09 00ｨｪ ｨｬ 06ｨｰ010401ｨ 05ｨ 0008ｨｮ0707ｨ ｨｦ, ｨ 04ｨ ｨｰ02ｨｬ ｨｬ 06ｨｰ 00ｨｪ020401ｨ ｨ ｨ 0502ｨｪ ｨ 04ｨｰ060906ｨｦ ｨｬｨｮ090608, 0708ｨｨ ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ ｨｨ ｨ. 0602ｨｬ ｨｪ02 ｨｬ02ｨｪ0202, 7 ｨｨ ｨｰ02ｨｪ02ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｨ05ｨｨ09ｨｹ 09 00ｨｪ , ｨｨ 0601ｨｨｨｪ ｨｨ04 ｨｪｨｨ ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪ04ｨｦ ｨｰ. 00ｨｰ ｨｪ ｨｺｨ ｨｪ06ｨｺｨ ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ 08ｨｮ0302ｨｪ ｨｺｨｰ07ｨ ｨｺｨｬ 06ｨｰ , 09 ｨ ｨｦ ｨｪｨ ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｪ ｨ (00ｨ 0504ｨｦ ｨ 0608), 0008ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ﾂｨ ｨｴ ｨｬ (08ｨｨ09. 1, ｨｰ06 ﾂｨｺｨ 01 26). 01ｨｪ ｨｮ09ｨｰ080602ｨｪ06 ｨｪｨ ｨ , ｨｪｨ ｨｰ02 10 ｨｬ ｨｨ09ｨｰ090605ｨｹｨｪ06ｨｦ 08ｨ 0409ｨｨ05ｨｺ02. 02ｨｨｨ ｨｬ02ｨｰ08 00ｨｪ020401ｨ ｨC 50 09ｨｬ, ｨｰｨ ｨC 30 09ｨｬ. 0906ｨｰ06ｨｺ ｨｰ05ｨ ｨｪ ｨｪ060904ｨｬｨｨ 0902ｨｰｨｺｨ ｨｬｨｨ 09 ｨｮ ｨｰ ｨｦ ｨｦ ｨｪ ｨｬ ｨｪｨ ｨｦ0102ｨｪ ｨｺｨ ｨｪ06ｨｺｨ ｨｨ ｨｹ07 07ｨｰ02ｨｪ02ｨ 09 ｨｰ08ｨｮｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｬｨｨ, ﾂｨｰ ｨｨ0102ｨｰ0205ｨｹ09ｨｰ09ｨｮ02ｨｰ 06 00ｨｪ ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ 08ｨｮ0302ｨｪｨｨ ｨ ｨｪ ｨｪ000401ｨ 09 ｨｪ0200ｨｪ ｨｦ ｨｨ0601 ｨ 0405ｨｨ 06ｨ ｨｪｨ 08ｨｮ0302ｨｪ04 ｨｨ ｨｮ00ｨｨ01 ｨｬ0209ｨｰｨ 01, ｨ ｨｪｨｪ ｨｮ03ｨｺ06ｨｦ ｨ, ｨｪ ｨｨ04ｨｪｨ ｨｺ ｨｨ0102ｨｪｨｰｨｨ00ｨｨｨｺｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ 05ｨｰｨｨ01 00ｨｪ ｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｹ ｨｪ ｨｰｨ ｨｰ06 ﾂｨｪ ｨｬｨ ｨｨ ｨｪ ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ 08ｨｮ0302ｨｪ06 ｨｪｨ 06ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｨｨｪ02 06ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｦ09ｨｺ ｨ 09 00ｨｮ09ｨｰ06ｨｬ ｨｪ07ｨｺ ｨ 09ｨｰ06ｨｬ 06ｨｺ ｨｰ (08ｨｨ09. 1, ｨｰ06 ﾂｨｺｨ 01 10). 01ｨｪ ｨ ｨｪ06 ｨｪｨ ｨｪ02, 08ｨ 09ｨｰｨｮｨｴ02ｨｦ ｨｪｨ 01ｨｪ02 ｨ ｨ 05ｨｺｨｨ, ｨｴ02ｨｦ ｨｪｨ 0607ｨｮ03ｨｺｨｮ ｨ ｨｨ ｨｮ09ｨｰ080602ｨｪ06 ｨｪｨ ｨ 06ｨｺ060906ｨｦ 0902ｨｰ09ｨｨ ｨｪｨ 08ｨ 0909ｨｰ0607ｨｪｨｨｨｨ 06ｨｺ ｨｬ 06ｨｰ 09ｨｰ090605ｨ, ｨｪｨ ｨｰ02 06ｨｺ ｨｬ. 04ｨ 0909ｨｰ0607ｨｪｨｨ02 06ｨｰ 0607ｨｮ03ｨｺｨｨ ｨC 06ｨｺ ｨC20 ｨｬ. 01ｨｪ ｨｹ 09 ｨｨ06ｨｪ ｨｪ ｨｪｨ ｨｨ05ｨｨ09ｨｹ 0109ｨ 07ｨｰ02ｨｪ02ｨ ｨｪ ｨｬ ｨ 0405 ｨｪｨ ｨｦ0102ｨｪ ｨｰ08ｨｮ07 ｨｰ0802ｨｰｨｹ ｨｰ02ｨｪ02ｨ, ｨｨｨ , ｨｰｨｪ06, ｨｨ ﾂｨｨｨｪ02 ｨｪ020106ｨｺ0608ｨｬｨ, ｨｰ.ｨｺ., ｨ 09ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨｨｨ 09 00ｨｪ ｨｬ 01 23, 09 05ｨｰ06ｨｬ 00ｨｪ ｨｰｨｮ03ｨｺｨｨ ｨｮｨｪ0609 ｨｪ02 ｨｪｨ ｨ ｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨｹ ｨｺｨ 0805ｨｨｨｺ (Hieraaetus pennatus) ｨｰ02ｨｪ 0601ｨｨｨｪ 00ｨ ｨｺｨｰ 00ｨｪ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨ ｨｺｨ 0805ｨｨｨｺｨ ｨｹ0306ｨｬ ｨ 0608ｨｮ (01ｨｨｨｺ060502ｨｪｨｺ06, 0902ｨｺｨｬｨ ｨｪ09ｨｮ080609, 2006) (08ｨｨ09. 1, ｨｰ06 ﾂｨｺｨ 01 61). 01ｨｪ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｪｨ 05ｨｰ06ｨｬ ｨｮ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｺ02

6 ｨｪｨ ｨｰ ｨｨｨｴｨｪｨｨｨｺｨｨ ｨｨ ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ 2008, ｨｮ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｰ ｨｨｨｴｨｪｨｨｨｺ ｨｪ000401ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ -ｨ ｨｰｨ (Haliaeetus albicilla): ｨｰ06 ﾂｨｺｨ ( ｨｮ) ｨｨ ｨｰ06 ﾂｨｺｨ 01 2 (09ｨｪｨｨ04ｨｮ). Nests of the White-Tailed Eagle (Haliaeetus albicilla): point 68 (upper) and point 2 (bottom). Photos by R. Bekmansurov ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｰｨｨ050609ｨｹ, ｨｰｨ ｨｺ ｨｺｨ ｨｺ 07ｨ 08ｨ 08ｨ 0907ｨ 05ｨ 09ｨｹ ｨｨ ﾂｨｨｨｪ02 00ｨｨｨ 0205ｨｨ 0601ｨｪ ｨ 08ｨｰｨｪ0008ｨ, 0609ｨｰｨ ｨｪｨｺｨｨ ｨｺ06ｨｰ ｨ 0405ｨｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｦ0102ｨｪ04 09ｨ 05ｨｨ04ｨｨ 00ｨｪ020401ｨ ｨ ｨｪ-ｨ ｨｰ (Haliaeetus albicilla) 01ｨｪ ｨｴｨｨｨｦ ｨｨ01, 06ｨｰ010205ｨｹｨｪ ｨ ｨｨ 04ｨｨｨｬｨｮ06ｨｰ ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ ｨ 01 ｨｪｨ 02ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ ｨ 08ｨｺｨ ｨｮｨｰ0907 ｨｬ06ｨｪｨｨｨｰ0608ｨｨｨｪ ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｪ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ. 08 ｨｪｨ 09ｨｰ0607ｨｴ02ｨｬｨｮ ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｨ ｨｪｨ 6 00ｨｪ ｨｮ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｺｨ 01, ｨｨ ｨｺｨ 05ｨｨ040609ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0401, ｨｨ ｨｰｨｪ04 ｨｬｨｪ ｨｰｨｪｨｨ02 00ｨｪ000401ｨ (08ｨｨ09. 1, ｨｰ06 ﾂｨｺｨｨ , 14, 22, 31, 32, 62, 69). 01ｨｪ000401ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ 08ｨ ｨｪ ｨ 04ｨｪ06ｨｬｨｮ. 0201ｨｪ06 00ｨｪ ｨ ｨｪ ｨｨｨ ｨｪ06ｨｦ 0406ｨｪ ｨｪ ｨｬｨ 0909ｨｨ09ｨ ｨ ｨｮ (08ｨｨ09. 1, ｨｰ06 ﾂｨｺｨ 01 69), 0109ｨ 00ｨｪ020401ｨ ｨｪｨ 0601ｨｪ06ｨｬ ｨｨ ｨｰ06ｨｬ 0302 ｨｮ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｺ02 (08ｨｨ09. 1, ｨｰ06 ﾂｨｺｨｨ , 32) 08ｨ ｨｪ ｨｮ0302 ﾂｨｪ06ｨｦ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｨ ｨｺ05ｨ 09ｨｰ0208ｨ ｨｹ0306ｨｦ ｨ 0608, 0109ｨ 00ｨｪ020401ｨ ｨｪｨ 0609ｨｰ080609ｨ ｨ ｨｬｨ (08ｨｨ09. 1, ｨｰ06 ﾂｨｺｨｨ , 22), 0109ｨ 00ｨｪ020401ｨ ｨC ｨｮｨ ｨｨｨｪ ｨｪ0401 ｨｬｨ 0909ｨｨ090609: 06ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｦ09ｨｺｨｨｨｦ (08ｨｨ09. 1, ｨｰ06 ﾂｨｺｨ 01 14), ｨｹ0306ｨｦ ｨ 0608 (08ｨｨ09. 1, ｨｰ06 ﾂｨｺｨ 01 62) ｨｪ ｨ 0909ｨｰ0607ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｬ020301ｨｮ ｨｮ ｨｪ04ｨｬｨｨ 0202ｨｪｨｰ08ｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨ 05ｨｨ03ｨ ｨｦ03ｨｨ01 00ｨｪ ｨｮ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｺ0609 ｨC 06ｨｺ ｨｺｨｬ. 01ｨｪ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 07ｨ 08 ｨｪ ｨｮ050708ｨｪ ｨ ｨｺ, ｨｪｨ 00ｨｪ020401ｨ ｨｨ 01 22, ｨｮ ｨｪ ｨｪ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ , ｨｪ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｪ02 06ｨｰｨｬ02 ﾂ02ｨｪ06, 0106ｨｰ07 07ｨ ｨｰｨｨ02 ｨｪｨ ｨ ｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨｹ ｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｨ 0502ｨｰ06ｨｬ ｨｪ ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ06 ｨｮ ｨｨ01 00ｨｪ ｨ 00ｨｪ ｨ ｨｪｨ 08ｨｮ0302ｨｪｨｨ07 00ｨｪ020401ｨ ( ), ｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｺ , ｨ ｨｪ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02, ｨ ｨｪ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 06ｨｰ09ｨｮｨｰ09ｨｰ090609ｨ ｨ 00ｨｪ ｨｮ ｨｪ ｨｪ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ , ﾂ ｨｪ ｨ 0408ｨｮ03ｨｨ050609ｨｹ ｨｪｨｰ07ｨ 0802 ｨｪｨ ｨｬ0209ｨｰ02 00ｨｪ020401ｨ ｨ 0405ｨ ｨｮ0302ｨｪｨ ｨｨ09ｨｺｨｮ0909ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪｨ ｨ ｨｰ000608ｨｬｨ, ｨｪｨ ｨｺ06ｨｰ060806ｨｦ ｨｮ ｨｪ0609ｨｹ ｨｮ ｨｪ ｨｪ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02. 01ｨ ｨｪ0204ｨ ｨｪ07ｨｰ06ｨｬ ｨｪ ｨｪｨ ｨ ｨ ｨｹ 00ｨｪ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 ﾂ0008ｨｪ ｨｺ060803ｨｮｨｪｨ ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｪ ｨｪ000401ｨ ｨｺｨｨ ｨｰ060705ｨｨ ｨｨ ｨｰ02ｨｪ ｨｨｨｰｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ 09 00ｨｪ ｨｦ ｨｪ ｨ 05ｨ 01ｨ 02ｨｰ 0804ｨ ｨ, ｨｪ0609ｨｪ06ｨｬ ｨ 0300ｨｪｨｪｨ 07 05ｨｨ00ｨｮ ｨｬ ｨｪ ｨｬ ｨ 0405ｨｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｦ0102ｨｪ ｨｰｨ ｨｪｨｺｨｨ 0502ｨｴ02ｨｦ (Abramis brama) ｨC 6, ｨｴｨｮｨｺｨｨ (Esox lu ｨｰｨｺｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨ ｨｰｨ 09 00ｨｪ Fledglings of the White-Tailed Eagle in the nest. Photo by R. Bekmansurov

7 13Raptors Research Raptors Conservation 2008, ｨｺｨｬ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｨ03ｨｪ02ｨｺｨ ｨｬ09ｨｺ06ｨｦ ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨ ｨ 05ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ, ｨｺ0608ｨｬ07ｨｴ ｨｨ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｪ06ｨｦ 0804ｨ 06ｨｦ, 0904ｨｰｨ ｨｴ02ｨｪｨｪ06ｨｦ 0902ｨｰｨｹ06 ｨｨ 0609ｨｰｨ ｨｪｨｪ06ｨｦ 0804ｨ ｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨｪｨ 05ｨｹ01ｨｮ, 2 07ｨｪ09ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨ ｨ 05ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ, 0502ｨｰ07ｨｴ ｨｪｨ 0708ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｨ ｨｨ0006ｨｪｨ ｨ 04ｨｰ ｨｰ ｨ 0709ｨ ｨｪ (Falco peregrinus) ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ06 ｨｪｨ ｨｰ020808ｨｨｨｰ0608ｨｨｨｨ ｨｪｨ 02ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ ｨ 08ｨｺｨ ｨｪｨ ｨ ｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨｹ 0601ｨｨｨｪ06 ﾂｨｪ ｨ ｨｨ 09 ｨ ｨｨ ｨｬｨ ｨ ｨｺｨｰ ｨｪ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｪ ｨｪ06. ﾁ ｨｺ (Falco subbuteo) 01ｨｪ ｨｴｨｨｨｦ ｨｨ ｨｰｨｬ02 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｬ ｨｰｨｺｨ ｨｬ, ｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｺ ｨ ｨｺ06ｨｦｨｪ06ｨｬｨｮ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｨ 0909ｨｰ0802 ﾂｨ 01 ｨｪｨ ｨｬｨ ｨｮｨｰ02, ｨ ｨｺｨ 05ｨｨ040609ｨ ｨｪ ｨｪ ｨｮ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｺｨ (08ｨｨ09. 1, ｨｰ06 ﾂｨｺｨｨ 01 27, 57, 65, 70). 0608ｨｨ ｨｨ04 ｨｪｨｨ01 08ｨ ｨｪ ｨｨｨ ｨｪ06ｨｦ 0406ｨｪ ｨｪｨ 02ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ ｨ 08ｨｺｨ, 0601ｨｨｨｪ ｨｮ0302 ﾂｨｪ06ｨｦ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｨ, 0008ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ﾂｨ ｨｴ02ｨｦ ｨｬ ｨ 00ｨ 02ｨｬ0602 ｨｺ0605ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｰ ｨｪ ｨｴｨｨ ｨ 08 06ｨｰ ｨ 01ｨｺｨ ｨｨ ｨｺ 07ｨｮ09ｨｰ0205ｨｹ00ｨｨ (Falco tinnunculus) 09 00ｨｪ Clutch and brood of the Kestrel (Falco tinnunculus) in the nest 33. Photos by R. Bekmansurov cius) ｨC 1, 0906ｨｬｨ (Silurus glanis) ｨC ｨｬ ｨ, ｨ 0405ｨｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｦ0102ｨｪ ｨｰｨ ｨｪｨｺｨｨ 09ｨｨ0406ｨｦ ﾂｨ ｨｦｨｺｨｨ (Larus canus) ｨC 1, 06ｨｪ01ｨ ｨｰ0804 (Ondatra zibethica) ｨC ｨｨｨｬ02 ﾂｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ06, ﾂｨｰ ｨｨ ｨ 05ｨｨ04ｨｺ06ｨｬ ｨｰ ｨｪ ｨｬ ﾂ0008ｨｪ ｨｺ060803ｨｮｨｪｨ, ｨｪ ｨｬ ｨ ｨｪｨ 0708ｨ ｨｺｨｰｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨ ｨｪ ｨｰｨ 00ｨｰ ｨｨｨｴ ｨｰｨ ｨｰｨｺ0609, ﾂｨｰ06 ｨｪｨ ｨ ｨ ｨｹ ｨｪｨ 0708ｨｨｨｬ ｨｪ020401ｨ (08ｨｨ09. 1) ｨｨ 04ｨｨｨｬｨｮ06ｨｴｨｨ01 07ｨｰｨｨ ｨｰ0802 ﾂ02ｨｪ04 ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ ｨ ｨｨ. 03ｨｨｨｰｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ 09 04ｨｨｨｬｨｪｨｨｨｦ ｨｨ ｨｺ06ｨｪ02ｨ ｨｪ02 ｨｨ04ｨｮ ﾂ02ｨｪ ｨｨｨｪｨｨ ﾂｨｪ ｨ ｨｨ 0909ｨｰ0802 ﾂ02ｨｪ04 ｨｪｨ 06ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｨｨｪ ｨ ｨ ｨｮ00ｨ, 09ｨ 05ｨｨ04ｨｨ ｨｬ0209ｨｰ ｨｺ06ｨｪ0202ｨｪｨｰ08ｨ 02ｨｨｨｦ 0908ｨ ｨｪ ｨｨ ｨｮｨ 02ｨｦ, ｨｪｨ ｨ ｨｬｨ ｨｨ 01ｨｨ03ｨｪ02ｨｺｨ ｨｬ09ｨｺ06ｨｬ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ05ｨｨｨｴ ｨ 04ｨｺｨｪ060902ｨｪｨｪｨ 07 07ｨｮ09ｨｰ0205ｨｹ00ｨ (Falco tinnunculus) 01ｨｪ ｨｴｨｨｨｦ ｨｨ ｨｪ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｨ ｨｹ04ｨｮ02ｨｰ ｨｪ0609ｨｪ06ｨｬ 09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ000401ｨ ｨｦ ｨｪ ｨ ｨｪｨ 08ｨｮ0302ｨｪ ｨｪ020401ｨ 07ｨｮ09ｨｰ0205ｨｹ00ｨｨ. 0201ｨｪ06 00ｨｪ ｨｹ0306ｨｬ ｨ 0608ｨｮ (08ｨｨ09. 1, ｨｰ06 ﾂｨｺｨ 01 58), 0108ｨｮ ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｦ09ｨｺ06ｨｬ ｨｮ (08ｨｨ09. 1, ｨｰ06 ﾂｨｺｨ 01 18). 02ｨ ｨ 00ｨｪ020401ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｪｨ 01, 0708ｨｨｨｮ0806 ﾂ02ｨｪ04 ｨｺ 06ｨ ｨｮ 04ｨ ｨｪｨｪ ｨｺ ｨ ｨ ｨ ｨ ｨｬｨ ｨ 0405ｨｨ 06ｨ ｨｪｨ 08ｨｮ0302ｨｪ04 02ｨｴ ｨ 00ｨｪ020401ｨ : ｨｪｨ ｨｪｨ 09ｨｺ0506ｨｪ02 ｨｺ060802ｨｪｨｪ ｨ ｨ, 0907ｨｮ09ｨｺｨ 06ｨｴ ｨｦｨｬｨｮ ｨ ｨｬｨ (08ｨｨ09. 1, ｨｰ06 ﾂｨｺｨ 01 3) ｨｨ ｨｪｨ 0601ｨｨｨｪ06 ﾂｨｪ06 09ｨｰ0607ｨｴ02ｨｬ ｨｪｨｰ08ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ06ｨｦ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｨ 0706ｨｦｨｬ ｨ ｨｬｨ (08ｨｨ09. 1, ｨｰ06 ﾂｨｺｨ 01 33). 01ｨ ｨｪ02ｨｬ 00ｨｪ ｨｰｨｬ02 ﾂ02ｨｪ ｨｺ05ｨ 01ｨｺｨｨ 04ｨ 00ｨｪ ｨｦ ｨｪ ｨｨ04 ｨｨ ｨｰｨｪ ｨｪ ｨｪ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｪｨ ｨ ｨ ｨｹ ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 ｨｪｨ 0601ｨｪ06ｨｬ ｨｮ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｺ02 ｨC ｨｰ06 ﾂｨｺｨ ｨｨｨｰ0208ｨ ｨｰｨｮ08ｨ 01ｨｨｨｺ060502ｨｪｨｺ , 0902ｨｺｨｬｨ ｨｪ09ｨｮ ｨｪｨ ｨｺｨｨ ｨ -ｨｺｨ 0805ｨｨｨｺｨ ｨｪｨ 00ｨｪ ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｨ 09 06ｨ ｨｰｨ 0809ｨｰｨ ｨｪ02. ｨC ｨｪｨ ｨｰ ｨｨｨｴｨｪｨｨｨｺｨｨ ｨｨ ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨC ｨｺｨｬｨ ｨｪ09ｨｮ ｨｰ ｨｰｨｪｨｨｨｺ ｨｪｨ ｨｰ020808ｨｨｨｰ0608ｨｨｨｨ ｨｪｨ 02ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ ｨ 08ｨｺｨ 0001ｨｨ03ｨｪ ｨ ｨｬｨ 03. ｨC 0604ｨｮ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ 01ｨｨｨｴｨｪ ｨｰｨｨ ｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨ 04ｨｨｨｨ: 00ｨ ｨｰ0208ｨｨｨ 0504 V ｨｬ020301ｨｮｨｪｨ ｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｺ06ｨｪ ｨｪ02ｨｨｨｨ ｨｨｨｴｨｪ04ｨｬ 07ｨｰｨｨ02ｨ ｨｬ ｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨ 04ｨｨｨｨ. 0609ｨ ｨｪ060906: 0609ｨ ｨｪ060909ｨｺｨｨｨｦ ｨｮ01ｨ 0809ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ ｨｮｨｪｨｨ ｨｨｨｰ02ｨｰ, ｨC180.