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2 13Raptors1 7Conservation ｧｱｧｦｧｲｧｯｧ ｧｴｧｽｧｦ1 7ｧｷｧｪｧｻｧｯｧｪｧｬｧｪ1 7ｧｪ1 7ｧｪｧｷ1 7ｧｰｧｷｧｲｧ ｧｯｧ ISSN 1814ｨC ｨ ｨ 06 ﾂｨｨｨｦ ｨ ｨｰ02ｨｪｨｹ ｨｪｨ ｨｰ ｨｨｨｴｨｪｨｨｨｺｨ ｨｰ06 ﾂｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｨ ｨｪ06ｨｦ 0804ｨｨｨｨ The Newsletter of the raptors of the East Europe and North Asia ｨｰ02ｨｪｨｹ ｨｪｨ ｨｰ ｨｨｨｴｨｪｨｨｨｺｨｨ ｨｨ ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ 03 ｨｮ ﾂ ｨｪ ｨｬ ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨ 05ｨ 0006ｨｰ090608ｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ06ｨｦ 06ｨ ｨｴ0209ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ04ｨ 02ｨｨ02ｨｦ 0005ｨｨｨ ｨｨ0809ｨｺｨｨｨｦ 05ｨｺ ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨｨｦ 0202ｨｪｨｰ0803 ( ｨｨｨ ｨｨ0809ｨｺ) ｨｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｮ ﾂｨｪ06-ｨｨ ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹ09ｨｺ06ｨｦ 06ｨ ｨｴ0209ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ04ｨ 02ｨｨ02ｨｦ ｨｪｨｰ ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｦ03 ( ) ｨ ｨｺｨｰ ｨｪ06ｨｬ0208ｨ : 0605ｨｹ09ｨｨ08ｨ 01ｨｨｨｺ060502ｨｪｨｺ06 (05ｨｨｨ 05ｨｺ060202ｨｪｨｰ08, ｨｨｨ ｨｨ0809ｨｺ) ｨｨ ｨｹ 08ｨ 0807ｨｺｨｨｨｪ (0002ｨｪｨｰ ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｦ, ) 06ｨｰ06ｨｰ ｨｮ09ｨｺ 0006ｨｰ0609ｨｨ05ｨｨ: 0605ｨｹ09ｨｨ08ｨ 01ｨｨｨｺ060502ｨｪｨｺ06, ｨｹ 08ｨ 0807ｨｺｨｨｨｪ, 01ｨｨｨｺ0605ｨ ｨｦ ｨｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｦ 0306ｨｰｨ , 08ｨｪｨｪｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0609ｨ 0806ｨｰ060008ｨ 00ｨｨ07 ｨｪｨ 05ｨｨ ｨｦ 09ｨｰ060806ｨｪ02 06ｨ ｨｺｨｨ: 05ｨ 0709ｨ ｨｪ (Falco peregrinus harterti) ｨｪｨ 00ｨｪ , ｨｪｨｹｨｺ0609ｨ 07, 00ｨ 00ｨ 01ｨ ｨｪ09ｨｺｨ 07 06ｨ 05ｨ 09ｨｰｨｹ, ｨｨ07, ｨｨ06ｨｪｨｹ ｨｰ ｨｰｨ ｨ. 00 ｨｨ ｨｰ08ｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ 04ｨ 01ｨｪ02ｨｦ 09ｨｰ060806ｨｪ04 06ｨ ｨｺｨｨ ｨｨ ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｪ ｨｰ060008ｨ 00ｨｨｨｨ ｨ 0807ｨｺｨｨｨｪｨ ｨｨ ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨ ｨｪ ｨｬｨｨ08ｨｪ04ｨｬ 0006ｨｪ0106ｨｬ 01ｨｨｨｺ06ｨｦ 0708ｨｨ (WWF) ｨC ｨｨ07. for1 7a1 7living1 7planet 03 The Raptors Conservation Newsletter was founded by the non-governmental organizations the Siberian Environmental Center (Novosibirsk) and the Center for Field Studies (Nizhniy Novgorod). Editors: Elvira Nikolenko (Siberian Environmental Center, Novosibirsk, Russia) and Igor Karyakin (Center for Field Studies, N.Novgorod, Russia). This issue has been made by: Elvira Nikolenko, Igor Karyakin, Nikolay and Eugene Potapov, Anna Shestakova Photo on the front cover: the Peregrine Falcon (Falco peregrinus harterti) in the nest, Konkovaya river, Magadan district, Russia, June Photo by E. Potapov. Photos on the back cover by I. Karyakin and A. Kovshar. This issue is supported by the World Wide Fund (WWF) Russia. www. wwf.ru ｨ ｨｺ02ｨｨ06ｨｪｨｪｨ 07 ｨｺ ｨｨ07: ｨ ｨｺｨｺｨ, 09ｨｪ09, ｨｺ.ｨ.ｨｪ., ｨｪ09ｨｺｨｨｨｦ03, , ｨｨ07; sopr@dront.ru ｨ 08ｨ ｨ ｨ 03ｨｨｨｪ, ｨｺ.ｨ.ｨｪ., , ｨｰ0609-ｨｪｨ -0206ｨｪｨｮ, ｨｨ07; timbar@bk.ru ｨｮｨｺ , 09ｨｪ09, ｨｺ.ｨ.ｨｪ., 0606ｨｨ , 03ｨｮｨｴｨｨｨｪ06, ｨｨ07; sbukreev@rol.ru ｨｨ ｨ, ｨｺ ｨｪ., , , ｨｨ07; sopr@dront.ru ｨ 0703ｨｨｨｪ, , ｨｺ.ｨ.ｨｪ., , , ｨｨ07; lapchine@mail.ru ｨｨｨｪ, , ｨｺ.ｨ.ｨｪ., 06ｨｪ09ｨｰｨｨｨｰｨｮｨｰ ｨｨｨｨ 0002ｨｨ01, 0805ｨｬｨ ｨｰ04, 08ｨ 04ｨ 0109ｨｰｨ ｨｪ; levin_saker@nursat.kz ｨｨｨｰ ｨｹ09ｨｺｨｨｨｦ, , 01.ｨ.ｨｪ., 01ｨ 02ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ04ｨｦ ｨｮｨｪｨｨ ｨｨｨｰ02ｨｰ, 06ｨ 03ｨｺ02ｨｪｨｰ, 0704ｨ 02ｨｺｨｨ09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ; olmit@list.ru ｨ 0302ｨｪｨｺ0609, ｨｺ.ｨ.ｨｪ., , 05ｨ ｨｬｨ 08ｨ, ｨｨ07; f_lynx@hotbox.ru ｨｰ0609, ｨｺ.ｨ.ｨｪ., 06ｨｺ060202ｨｪｨｰ ｨｪｨｰ03, , ｨｨ07; vipera@dront.ru ｨｰｨ , Ph.D, ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｨ , ｨｨｨｺ06ｨ 08ｨｨｨｰｨ ｨｪｨｨ07; EugenePotapov@gmail.com ｨ 09ｨｺｨｨｨｪ, , 01.ｨ.ｨｪ., 0605ｨｨ , ｨｨｨ ｨｨ0809ｨｺ, ｨｨ07; zm@eco.nsc.ru ｨｬ020507ｨｪ09ｨｺｨｨｨｦ, 05ｨｨｨ 05ｨｺ060202ｨｪｨｰ08, ｨｨｨ ｨｨ0809ｨｺ, ｨｨ07; ilya@ecoclub.nsu.ru ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0609ｨ, ｨｺ.ｨ.ｨｪ., , , ｨｨ07; f_s_c@mail.ru T. Katzner, Ph.D., Conservation and Field Research National Aviary, USA; todd.katzner@aviary.org M.J. McGrady, Ph.D., Natural Research, UK; MikeJMcGrady@aol.com ｨ ｨｺ02ｨｨｨｨ: ｨｨ07, ｨｨｨ ｨｨ0809ｨｺ, ｨ / Editorial adress: P.O. Box 547, Novosibirsk, Russia, Tel./Fax: (383) rc_news@mail.ru ikar_research@mail.ru nikolenko@ecoclub.nsu.ru ｨｺｨｰ0806ｨｪｨｪｨ ｨｨ07/RC online ｨ 09ｨｨ05ｨ ｨ 09ｨｰ ｨｰｨｮ07ｨｪ04 ｨｪｨ 09ｨ ｨｦｨｰ02: Guidelines for Contributors available on website:

3 13Editorial ｧｰｧｴ1 7ｧｲｧｦｧ ｧ ｧｬｧｸｧｪｧｪ 06ｨｰ06ｨｰ ｨｪ06ｨｬ ｨｮ08ｨｪｨ 05ｨ ｨｴ00ｨｪ ｨ 0502ｨｬ02 ｨｪ ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ ｨｰ050609ｨ ｨｨ ｨ 0906ｨｺ ｨｪ07 ｨｺ08ｨｮ07ｨｪ ｨｺ0605ｨ ｨC ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪ ｨｨ ｨｺ0802 ﾂ02ｨｰ ｨC 09ｨｰｨ 05ｨｨ, ｨ 05ｨｮｨｦ, 09ｨ ｨｬ04ｨｬｨｨ ｨｮ ｨ 02ｨｬ04ｨｬｨｨ 09ｨｨ01ｨ ｨｬｨｨ 01ｨｨｨｴｨｪ ｨｰｨｨ02, ｨｺｨ ｨｺ ｨｨｨｨ, ｨｰｨ ｨｺ ｨｨ ｨｪｨｰ08ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ06ｨｦ 0804ｨｨｨｨ ｨｬ. 06ｨ ｨｺ, ｨ 01 ｨ 0605ｨｹ03ｨ 07 00ｨｪ ｨ ｨｮ050702ｨｨ07 ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｨｨｨ ｨC ｨｰ06 ﾂｨｪ ｨｦ09ｨｺｨ 07 ｨC 0708ｨ ｨｺｨｰｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨ ｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ06 ｨｨ09 ﾂ020405ｨ, ｨｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｪ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｦ ﾂｨ 09 ｨｪｨ ｨｨｨｰ ｨ 0605ｨｹ03ｨｨｨｬ ｨｬ ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｨ ｨｮｨｺｨ ｨ 06ｨｰ ｨｪ0209ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺ ｨｨ ﾂｨｨｨｪ ｨｬｨ 0903ｨｰｨ ｨ ｨｪ ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｴ02ｨｪｨｨ07 ﾂｨｨ090502ｨｪｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ 0906ｨｺ , ｨｪ06 ｨｪ02ｨｨ04ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｪ ｨ 09ｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｪｨ ｨ 02ｨｰ ｨｪ ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ ｨ ｨｨ ｨｺ06ｨｪｨｰ08ｨ ｨ ｨ ｨｪ ﾂｨｨｨｰｨ 02ｨｬ, ﾂｨｰ06 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪｨｮ06 ｨｰ02ｨｬｨｮ ｨｪ0205ｨｹ ｨｰｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｬｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｨｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨｰ ｨｪｨｨｨｰ ｨｨ ｨｮ09ｨｨ05ｨｨｨｦ 0708ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｪ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ04ｨ 02ｨｨｨｦ ｨｰ08ｨｮ01ｨｪｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｰ WWF ｨｨｨｨ ｨｨ ｨ ｨｬｨｬ06ｨｦ TRAFFIC-International 05ｨｨｨ ｨｨ0809ｨｺｨｨｨｦ 05ｨｺ ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨｨｦ 0202ｨｪｨｰ08 ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ ｨ ｨｬｨｬｨｮ ｨｺ02 ｨｰｨ ｨｬ060302ｨｪ ｨｰｨｨ ｨｦ09ｨｰ09ｨｨ07 ｨｺ06ｨｪｨｰ08ｨ ｨ ｨ ｨｪ ｨｨ ｨ ｨｬ0603ｨｪｨｨ ｨC 05ｨｰ ｨｨｨｪ09ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰｨ 06ｨｴｨｨｨｦ ｨｪｨ ｨｪ0703ｨｪｨｨｨｦ 0102ｨｪｨｹ ｨ ｨ 08ｨｹ ｨｨ ｨｨ0906ｨｦ03 ｨｺ06ｨｪｨｰ08ｨ ｨ ｨ ｨｪ0104 ｨｨ ｨｨｨｨ, ｨ ｨｨｨｪ000608ｨｬｨ 02ｨｨ06ｨｪｨｪ06-ｨｬ02ｨｰ0601ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨ ｨｺｨ ｨC 05ｨｰ06 09ｨ ｨｬ ｨｰ0602, ﾂ02ｨｬ ｨｬ0603ｨｪ ｨ 09ｨｰ090609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨ ｨｺｨｰｨｨ09ｨｪ06ｨｦ 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰ02 ｨｰｨ ｨｬ060302ｨｪｨｪｨｨｨｺ ｨ ｨｬｨｺｨ 01 05ｨｰ ｨｺｨｰｨ ｨ ｨｪ02ｨｪ ｨ ｨｪｨ 05ｨｨ ｨｪｨｺ ｨｨ ｨｨ 00ｨ ｨｮｨｪ04, 0106ｨ 04ｨｰ ｨｰｨ 02-05ｨ 07ｨｪ09ｨｺ06ｨｬ ｨｨ06ｨｪ02, ｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0302 ｨ ｨｪｨ 05ｨｨ04 09ｨｨｨｰｨｮｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ04ｨｬ ｨｨ ｨｪ ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ04ｨｬ 0804ｨｪｨｺ06ｨｬ 0906ｨｺ ｨｰ06ｨｬ ｨｨ06ｨｪ02. 04ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰｨ 0706ｨｺｨ 04ｨ 05ｨ, ﾂｨｰ06 08ｨ ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪ00ｨｪｨｪ ｨｨ 0608ｨｪｨｨｨｰ ｨｬｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ02, ﾂｨｰ ｨ 04ｨｪｨ ﾂｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ06 09ｨｪｨｨ04ｨｨ050907, 09 ｨ 0605ｨｹ0306ｨｦ ｨｰｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ ｨｨｨ 06 ﾂｨｪ06. 01ｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨ ｨ ｨｪ , ﾂｨｰ06 05ｨｰ06ｨｰ ｨ ｨｨ04ｨｪ ｨｨｨｨ 00ｨｮ ｨｹ0203, 09ｨｰｨ 05 ｨ ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ04ｨｬ, ｨｪ ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｰｨｨ ｨｪ0204ｨｪｨ ﾂｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ04ｨｬ ｨｬ 0902ｨｦ- ﾂｨ 09 04ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｬｨ 06ｨｰ ｨ ｨｮ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｪ0402 ｨｨ 0609ｨｪｨ ｨｴ00ｨｪｨｪ ｨｮ070704, ｨｰｨｨ090609ｨｰ0607ｨｰｨｹ ｨｺ06ｨｰ060804ｨｬ ｨｨｨｪ090702ｨｺｨｰ0608ｨ ｨｬ ｨｪｨ ｨｬ0209ｨｰｨ 01 ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｦｨｪ02 ｨｰ ｨ 0502ｨｬｨ 04ｨ ｨｺ0506 ﾂｨ 02ｨｰ ｨｴ00 ｨｨ 09 ｨｰ06ｨｬ, ﾂｨｰ ｨｨ 04ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｨ ｨｪｨ 08ｨｮ03ｨｨｨｰ020502ｨｦ ｨ, ｨｺｨ ｨｺ 0708ｨ 09ｨｨ0506, ｨｪ ｨｰ ｨｮ01ｨ ｨｨ05ｨｨ 04ｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｪ ﾂｨｨ09ｨ 06ｨｰ ｨｬ020106ｨｰ090608ｨｪ04ｨｬｨｨ 0708ｨｨ ｨ ｨｬｨｨ, ｨｨ ｨｰ ｨ ｨｬ ｨ 06ｨｰ 04ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｬｨ ｨｰｨｹ0907 ｨｪｨ 05ｨ 0302ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｬ ｨ ｨｨ04ｨｪ020906ｨｬ ｨｪｨｰｨｪ04ｨｬ ｨｰ ｨｺ06ｨｪ ﾂｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｮ ｨｪ ｨ ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ06 ｨｪｨ 08ｨｮ03ｨｨｨｰ ｨｮ01ｨ 0809ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ06ｨｦ 0008ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｺ0605ｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｬ06ｨｪ000605ｨｹ09ｨｺ06ｨｦ 0008ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｮｨ 05ｨｨｨｺ ｨｰｨ ｨｦ ( ｨｨ07) 09 ｨ 0900ｨｮ09ｨｰ : ﾂ ｨ ｨ ｨ ｨｺ0804ｨｰ ｨｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ04ｨｬ 08ｨ 09ｨｺｨ 07ｨｪｨｨ02ｨｬ ｨｮ01ｨｨｨｬ ! ｨｰｨ 08ｨｰ0609ｨ ｨｰｨｨ0502ｨｰｨｪｨｨｨｦ ｨｺｨｰ , ｨｪｨ ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ ｨｪｨ ｨ ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨ ｨｨ0608ｨ 04ｨｪ0606ｨ 08ｨ 04ｨｨ07 ｨｨ 08ｨ 0409ｨｨｨｰｨｨ ｨｰｨｨ ｨｰｨ 02-05ｨ 07ｨｪ09ｨｺ06ｨｬ 05ｨｺ ｨｨ06ｨｪ ｨｺ0605-ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪ ﾂｨｨ ｨｨ0608ｨｨｨｰ02ｨｰｨｪ ｨｨ ｨｺｨｰｨ, ｨｪｨ ｨｮ ｨｪ0203ｨｪ04ｨｬ ｨ ｨ ｨｬ ｨｨ ｨ 0800ｨ 05ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ 01 ｨC ｨｪｨｨ ｨｺｨｨ ｨｮ01ｨ 0809ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｪ ｨｰ08ｨｮｨｺｨｰｨｮ08 ｨｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｬ060302ｨｪ, ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｨ ｨ ｨｺｨｰｨｨ09ｨｪｨ 07 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰｨ ｨｬ ｨｬ09ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ0401 ｨ ｨｪｨｰｨｨｨ 08ｨ ｨｺ06ｨｪｨｹ020809ｨｺｨｨ01 ｨ 08ｨｨ00ｨ 01, ｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0302 ｨｮ09ｨｨ0502ｨｪｨｨ02 04ｨｪｨ - ﾂｨｨｨｬ0609ｨｰｨｨ 04ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｺ ｨｰｨ 00ｨｰ0907 ｨｪｨ ｨｰｨｹ0907, ﾂｨｰ06 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰｨ 05ｨｰ ｨｺｨｰｨ 0102ｨｦ09ｨｰ09ｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ06 ｨ 05ｨ 0006ｨｰ090608ｨｪ06 09ｨｺｨ 0302ｨｰ0907 ｨｪｨ ｨｰ0607ｨｪｨｨｨｨ 0708ｨｨ080601ｨｪ ｨｮ050702ｨｨｨｦ. 0004, ｨｦ 09ｨｰ060806ｨｪ04, 0708ｨｨ040409ｨ 02ｨｬ ｨｨｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨｰ ｨｪｨｨｨｰ ｨｪ ｨｰｨ 09ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｰ060806ｨｪ02 ｨｨ 04ｨ ｨｪ07ｨｰｨｹ ｨ ｨｺｨｰｨｨ09ｨｪｨｮ ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｪｨｮ ｨｨ02ｨｨ ｨｺ0605ｨｨｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｰ02ｨｬ ｨｹ09ｨｨ08ｨ 01ｨｨｨｺ060502ｨｪｨｺ06 ｨｨ ｨｹ 08ｨ 0807ｨｺｨｨｨｪ This issue is devoted to the problem of illegal catching and trafficking of wild falcons. As a result of such illegal activities of the largest falcons ｨC the saker and gyrfalcon are becoming the most endangered raptor species in Russia and in all of Asia. We suppose that this problem must be the under special control of ornithologists, environmentalists and conservationists. In 2005 the Siberian Environmental Center, in cooperation with WWF-Russia and the Program TRAFFIC-International, started the program of the supporting customs in the struggle against the smuggling of species listed in the Appendixes of CITES. The program includes a study of markets for wild animals and plants from the Altai-Sayan region. The results of the study have demonstrated that the bird trapper ｯs pressure is not declining, as some ornithologists believed. The study also concluded that falcon trafficking has 00gone underground03, became more professional, but decreased insufficiently. Usually no action was brought against the smugglers/ poachers, and in most cases the court verdicts are laughable and poachers and smugglers continue their business. This was the case when a criminal action by an illegal trader attempting to cross the state border between Russia (the Republic of Altai) and Mongolia with 19 falcons in August 2005 ended after a half a year by 00an active repentance of the defendant03. The five year project financed by GEF has begun in It aimed at protecting biodiversity and developing a network of protected areas in the Altai-Sayan region. The Saker Falcon was included in the focused species as a key-species. The project is still active and continues to support nature protection and customs officers. It also targets to create and manage a special interdepartmental anti-poaching task-force and raise the significance of Nature Reserves. We hope that the project will really bring some benefits to wild populations of the endangered species. We appeal to ornithologists to get involved in activities of falcon protection. Elvira Nikolenko and Igor Karyakin

4 ｨｪｨ ｨｰ ｨｨｨｴｨｪｨｨｨｺｨｨ ｨｨ ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ 2007, ｨ 04ｨｰｨｨ07 Events ｧｳｧｰｧ ｧｽｧｴｧｪｧﾁ (1) Contact: Jesse Grantham Chris Barr Hopper Mountain National Wildlife Refuge California USA tel.: (805) ｨｺｨｰ07ｨ ｨ 05ｨｨ000608ｨｪｨｨｨｨ (050108) 07ｨｰ02ｨｪ0202 ｨｺｨ 05ｨｨ000608ｨｪｨｨｨｦ09ｨｺ ｨｺ06ｨｪ010608ｨ (Gymnogyps californianus), 09ｨｰ060806ｨｦ 04ｨ ｨｰ ｨｨｨｦ ｨｨ , 0706ｨｺｨｨｨｪｨｮ05 00ｨｪ ｨ ｨｨｨｺｨｨ01 07ｨｰｨｨ ｨ 02ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ06ｨｬ ｨｮ00ｨｨｨｮｨｬ02 01ｨｨｨｺｨｨ01 03ｨｨ0906ｨｰｨｪ ｨ ｨｹ 7 07ｨｰ02ｨｪ ｨｰ ｨｨ01ｨ, 0904ｨｺ0608ｨｬ0502ｨｪｨｪ ｨｨｨｺｨｨｨｬｨｨ 07ｨ 08ｨ ｨｬｨｨ, 06ｨ ｨｨｨｰｨ 06ｨｰ ｨｪｨ ｨ 07ｨ ｨｨ040605ｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｪ ｨｪｨｨ0701: 2 ｨC 09 08ｨ 05ｨｨ000608ｨｪｨｨｨｨ ｨｨ 5 ｨC ｨｨ0406ｨｪ02. 02ｨ ｨｴｨ 07 ﾂｨｨ090502ｨｪｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ ｨｺｨ 05ｨｨ000608ｨｪｨｨｨｦ09ｨｺｨｨ01 ｨｺ06ｨｪ ｨｰｨ ｨｰ ｨｰｨｨ02, 03ｨｨ09ｨｮｨｴｨｨ ｨｨｨｺ06ｨｦ 0708ｨｨ , ｨｨ 156, ｨ ｨｴｨｨ ｨ 08ｨｺｨ 01 ｨｨ 0202ｨｪｨｰ08ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ06 07ｨｰｨｨ02. 01ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 04ｨ 07ｨｰｨｨ02ｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨｰ ｨ ｨｬｨｺｨ 01 01ｨ 02ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｪ ｨｪｨｨ06 ｨｺｨ 05ｨｨ000608ｨｪｨｨｨｦ09ｨｺｨｨ01 ｨｺ06ｨｪ , 0609ｨｪ0609ｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｹ06 ｨｺ06ｨｰ ｨｰ0907 ｨｮ090205ｨｨ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ02 ﾂｨｨ090502ｨｪｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ ｨｺ06ｨｪ ｨｰｨｨ02 ｨｨ, ｨｺｨ ｨｺ ｨｬｨｨｨｪｨｨｨｬｨｮｨｬ, ｨ 04ｨｬｨｪ0603ｨ 06ｨｴｨｨ ｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｬ ｨｪｨｨｨｨ. 0806ｨｪｨｰｨ ｨｺｨｰ (1). The second California Condor (Gymnogyps californianus) chick to fledge in the wild in California (USA) in more than 14 years has left its nest at the Hopper Mountain National Wildlife Refuge on the 22 October This brings the total number of California Condor chicks to fledge in the wild in two geographically separate populations to seven: 2 ｨC in California, 5 ｨC in Arizona. There are 128 condors now living in the wild and 156 in captivity at zoos and centers for birds of prey. Observation and research of birds are carried out within the California condor captivity breeding program, the main aim of the program is the increasing condor number in the wild to 150 birds and 15 breeding pairs at least per each population. Contact (1) ｨｦ ｨｺｨ 05ｨｨ000608ｨｪｨｨｨｦ09ｨｺｨｨｨｦ ｨｺ06ｨｪ (Gymnogyps californianus) , 08ｨ 05ｨｨ000608ｨｪｨｨ ｨ 08ｨｹ ｨｰ ｨ 09ｨ The juvenile of the California Condor (Gymnogyps californianus). USA, California. November Photo by M. Wallace 08ｨ 05ｨｨ000608ｨｪｨｨｨｦ09ｨｺｨｨｨｦ ｨｺ06ｨｪ (Gymnogyps californianus) ｨC 09ｨ ｨｬｨ 07 ｨｺ08ｨｮ07ｨｪｨ 07 07ｨｰｨｨ02ｨ ｨｪ06ｨｦ 08ｨｬ0208ｨｨｨｺｨｨ. 06ｨｰ06 07ｨ 01ｨ 05ｨｹｨｴｨｨｨｺ, 06ｨ ｨｨｨｰｨ 06ｨｴｨｨｨｦ ｨ 01 08ｨ 05ｨｨ000608ｨｪｨｨｨｨ. 00 XX-06ｨｬ 0902ｨｺ02 ﾂｨｨ090502ｨｪｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ ｨｺ06ｨｪ ｨｰｨ 05ｨ 0906ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｴｨ ｨｰｨｹ0907 ｨｨ04-04ｨ ｨｨ04ｨｬ02ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｬ0209ｨｰ0606ｨ ｨｨｨｰｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｦ, 0906ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｴ02ｨｪｨｨ07 07ｨｨｨｴ ｨｮ , 06ｨｰ09ｨｰ080205ｨ, 06ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｨｨｪ0206ｨｬ 1 ｨｨ ｨｰ06ｨｺ09ｨｨｨｪｨ ｨｬｨｨ, ｨｨ ｨｹ04ｨｮ02ｨｬ04ｨｬｨｨ ｨ 0608ｨｹｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨｺｨ 05ｨｨ000608ｨｪｨｨｨｦ09ｨｺｨｨｨｦ ｨｺ06ｨｪ ｨｪ020900ｨｪ ｨｨ0906ｨｺ 09ｨｨ010609, ｨｰｨ ｨｪｨｪ ｨｮ ｨｮ ｨｨ09ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｨｨｺ06ｨｦ 0708ｨｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｺ06ｨｪ ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｰｨｨ050609ｨｹ ｨｰｨｨ ｨｰ06ｨｰ ｨｨ ｨ 0902ｨｪｨｨ07 09ｨｨ01ｨ 0608ｨｪｨｨｨｰ ｨｨ ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ 05ｨｨ 09ｨ ｨｰ02ｨｪ ｨｨ 07ｨｨ02 ｨｮ ｨｪｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ0903ｨｨ ｨｨ ｨ 04ｨｬｨｪ0603ｨ 06ｨｴｨｨ ｨ ｨｹ06 08ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｺ06ｨｪ ｨｪ ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 15 ｨｺ06ｨｪ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ05ｨｨ09ｨｹ ｨｨ , ｨ 19 ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｦ 01ｨｨｨｺｨｨｨｦ ｨｺ06ｨｪ ｨ ｨｰ ｨｪ ｨｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｪ ｨ 08ｨｺ ｨｰｨ 08ｨｰ0609ｨ 05ｨ ｨ ｨｬｨｬｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｪ ｨｪｨｨ06 ｨｺｨ 05ｨｨ000608ｨｪｨｨｨｦ09ｨｺｨｨ01 ｨｺ06ｨｪ , 09 08ｨ ｨｬｨｺｨ 01 ｨｺ06ｨｰ060806ｨｦ ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ ｨｮ09ｨｺ 07ｨｰｨｨ02, ｨ ｨｴ02ｨｪｨｪ ｨｪ , ｨｨ080601ｨｮ ｨｹ0302 ｨｨｨｪ000608ｨｬｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ ｨｺｨｰ ｨｰｨｮ07ｨｪ06 ｨｪｨ 09ｨ ｨｦｨｰ ｨｮ03ｨ ｨ 04 ｨｨ 01ｨｨ ﾂｨｨ California condor (Gymnogyps californianus) is the largest bird in North America. Condors are scavengers that inhabit mountainous areas of California. But Condor numbers declined in part due to loss of habitat and food and from shooting, lead poisoning 1 and toxic substances used to poison predators in the 20 th Century. Condors were listed as an endangered species in 1967, under a law that pre-dated the existing Endangered Species Act. In 1982, the condor population reached it lowest level of 22 birds, prompting biologists to start collecting chicks and eggs for a captive breeding program. By late 1984, only 15 condors remained in the wild, the last wild condor was caught in brought in a zoo on the 19 April In 1992, the Recovery Program began releasing California condors back into the wild. For more information see the site of U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service

5 13Events Raptors Conservation 2007, ｨｨ05ｨｹｨｪｨｨｨｺ (Aquila heliaca) ｨ 05ｨｹ09ｨｺｨｨ ｨｺｨｨ, 08ｨ 04ｨ 0109ｨｰｨ ｨｪ ( ). 0806ｨｰ ｨ 0807ｨｺｨｨｨｪｨ The Imperial Eagle (Aquila heliaca). The Volga- Ural Sands, Kazakhstan (23/04/2006). Photo by I. Karyakin (2) Contact: Michael J. McGrady Natural Research, Ltd Am Rosenhuegel 59 A-3500 Krems Austria tel/fax MikeJMcGrady@aol.com (3) Contact: Juan Manuel Blanco uhofleh@wanadoo.es Frank Carlos Camacho fcamacho@ africamsafari.com.mx David Rimlinger Drimlinger@ sandiegozoo.org 24ｨC28 06ｨｺｨｰ07ｨ ｨ (060907ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07) 0906ｨ 08ｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨｹ ｨｨｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨｰｨ ｨｨ ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪ, ﾂｨｰ06ｨ 04 06ｨ 09ｨｮ01ｨｨｨｰｨｹ ｨｰ ｨｪｨｮ06 09ｨｨｨｰｨｮｨ 02ｨｨ06, 09ｨｺ05ｨ ｨ 06ｨｴｨｮ ｨ ｨｬｨｨ 09 ｨｬｨｨ ｨｪｨ 09ｨｰ0607ｨｴ ｨｬ ｨｨ01ｨ (43,2%) 04ｨ ｨｪ020902ｨｪ ｨ 09ｨｪ04ｨｦ 0907ｨｨ0906ｨｺ ｨ 0909ｨｰ0802 ﾂ02 ｨ 0405ｨｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｪ04 ｨｪｨ ｨｮ ﾂｨｪ ｨｪｨｰｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ, ｨｨ ｨｰ060705ｨ 09ｨｹ 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰｨ 0008ｨｮ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｨ09ｨｺｨｮ0909ｨｨｨｦ ｨ ｨｪ ｨｬｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｺ06ｨｪ ｨｨｨｮｨｬ ｨｨｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨｰ ｨ ｨｬ ｨ ｨｲ0201ｨｨｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ07 05ｨｺ ｨｰｨｪ ｨｪｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｦ, ｨｮ09ｨｨ05ｨｨｨｦ 0706 ｨｨ04ｨｮ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ06 ｨｨ 08ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｨｨｰ ｨｰ0802 ﾂｨｨ ｨｮ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｪｨｨｨｺｨｨ ｨｮ ﾂ080201ｨｨ05ｨｨ 0805ｨｹ07ｨｪ ｨ ｨｪ (ECA), ｨｹ06 ｨｺ06ｨｰ ｨｰ ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｬ ｨｬｨｨ ｨｮ ﾂ ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｬ ｨ 05ｨｹ07ｨｪ0906ｨｬ ｨｰｨ ｨｪ ｨｮ06ｨｴｨｨ02 04ｨ 01ｨ ﾂｨｨ: ｨC ｨｮ09ｨｨ0502ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｺ06ｨｪｨｰ ｨ 09ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ09ｨｮ06ｨｴｨｨｨｬｨｨ ｨｮ050702ｨｨ07ｨｬｨｨ ; ｨC 0802ｨｨｨｪｨｰ080601ｨｮｨｺ02ｨｨ ; ｨC ｨｪｨｨ02 00ｨｮｨｪ01ｨ ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｰｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ0401 ｨｨ 0708ｨｨｨｺ05ｨ 01ｨｪ0401 ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｦ; ｨC 06ｨ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｪｨ ｨｮ ﾂｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｨ ｨｰ0201ｨｪｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺ06ｨｦ ｨｺｨｨ; ｨC 08ｨ 0408ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰｨｺｨ ｨｨ 08ｨ ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ02 06ｨ 08ｨ ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ0401 ｨｬｨ ｨｰ0208ｨｨｨ ; ｨC 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰｨ ｨｰ09ｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨｬｨ ｨｦ ｨｨｨｪ000608ｨｬｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ; ｨC 0706ｨｨ09ｨｺ 00ｨｨｨｪｨ ｨｪ ｨｦ ｨｺｨｨ ｨ 09ｨｪ0401 ｨｨｨｪｨｨ02ｨｨｨ ｨｰｨｨ ｨｨ04ｨｮ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ06 ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪ ; ｨC ｨ ｨｪｨｨ04ｨ 02ｨｨ07 ｨｰ0802ｨｪｨｨｨｪ ｨｪｨ ｨｮ ﾂｨｪ04ｨｬ ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07ｨｬ, ｨｺ06ｨｪｨｰ ｨ ｨｮ050702ｨｨ07ｨｬｨｨ ｨｨ ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪ ｨ ｨｬｨｺｨ 01 ｨ 05ｨｹ07ｨｪ09ｨ ｨ ｨｪ04 08ｨ ｨ 06 ﾂｨｨ ｨｮ ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰ , ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ06 ｨｨ ｨｬ02ｨｪ020103ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｰｨｮ, ｨｨ ｨｪ04 ｨｨ ｨｪ0609ｨｪ0402 ｨｪｨ 0708ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ, ｨｺ06ｨｰ ｨ ｨｮ01ｨｮｨｰ ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ ｨｰ ｨｨ0104, ｨｺ06ｨｰ ｨｰ04 ｨ 05ｨｹ07ｨｪ0906ｨｬ ｨｪｨ ｨ 04ｨｦ ｨｺ06ｨｪｨｰ080605ｨｹ ｨC ｨｬ ｨｨ ｨ ｨｰ (Spilornis sp., Spizaetus sp.), ｨｨ0907ｨ ｨｪ09ｨｺｨｨｨｦ ｨｬ0600ｨｨ05ｨｹｨｪｨｨｨｺ (Aquila adalberti) ｨｨ 00ｨｨ05ｨｨ0707ｨｨｨｪ09ｨｺｨ 07 00ｨ 0807ｨｨ07 (Pithecophaga jefferyi). 0806ｨｪｨｰｨ ｨｺｨｰ (2). 00ｨｰ ｨｪ ｨ 08ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｹ07ｨｪ09ｨ ｨ ｨｪ ｨ 0705ｨ ｨｪｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪ06 ｨｪｨ 0902ｨｪｨｰ07ｨ 08ｨｹ ｨｮ05ｨ 0506 (0002ｨｺ09ｨｨｨｺｨ ). 0806ｨｪｨｰｨ ｨｺｨｰ (3). Thirty-two specialists from 10 countries on four continents met in Oropesa, Spain (24ｨC28 October 2006) to discuss the alarming worldwide situation for eagles. Of the 74 currently recognized eagle species, 32 (43.2%) are listed as Vulnerable, Endangered or Critically Endangered by the IUCN-World Conservation Union (2006 Red List). Eagles play an important role in the balance and functioning of ecosystems and are sentinels for environmental change. People ｯs interest in eagles also reflects the wonders of nature, freedom and, in some cultures, spirituality. The meeting combined brief scientific presentations and working groups to identify what is known as well as new means to enhance eagle conservation. The workshop was co-sponsored by the Aquila Foundation, Center for Studies of Iberian Raptors, SeaWorld, Busch Gardens-Conservation Fund, Zoological Society of San Diego, Schubot Exotic Bird Health Center, Fort Worth Zoo, Los Angeles Zoo and the Smithsonian's National Zoological Park. As the workshop discussions proceeded, it was realized that there was value in forming a consortium of like-minded eagle specialists who would integrate their knowledge, scientific expertise and other resources to benefit wild and captive eagles. The participants formed the 00Eagle Conservation Alliance03 (ECA), with a mission of 00acting to conserve eagles worldwide03. The ECA ｯs mission will be met by: ｨC enhancing the management of existing populations; ｨC recovering and, when appropriate, reintroducing eagles to nature; ｨC conducting basic and applied research; ｨC providing advice and technical support; developing and distributing education materials; ｨC communicating and sharing news; ｨC fundraising for priority initiatives; ｨC building capacity (training) in science and eagle management. Working groups on communication, research and husbandry/management identified priority activities to be initiated in the coming year. Species that will benefit include Serpent and Hawk Eagles (Spilornis sp., Spizaetus sp.), the Spanish Imperial Eagle (Aquila adalberti) and the Philippine Eagle (Pithecophaga jefferyi), among others. Contact (2). The Second Annual ECA Workshop will take place in September 2007 at Pueblo, Mexico. Contact (3).

6 ｨｪｨ ｨｰ ｨｨｨｴｨｪｨｨｨｺｨｨ ｨｨ ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ 2007, ｨ 04ｨｰｨｨ07 09ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪ (Falco cherrug) ｨｬ, ｨｨ07 (ｨｨ06ｨｪｨｹ 2006). 0806ｨｰ ｨ 0807ｨｺｨｨｨｪｨ The Saker Falcon (Falco cherrug). Tes-Hem river, Russia (June 2006). Photo by I. Karyakin (4) Contact: Dimitar Ragyov Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Central Laboratory of General Ecology, 2 Yurii Gagarin Str. Sofia 1113 Bulgaria tel.: (+359) fax: (+3592) ragyov@abv.bg dimitarragyov@yahoo.com 30ｨC31 06ｨｺｨｰ07ｨ ｨｨｨｨ ( ｨ 08ｨｨ07) ｨｪｨ 02ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ ｨｴｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｺ0605ｨｮ-ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｮ (Falco cherrug) ｨｴｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｹ ｨｺｨｰｨ 0202ｨｪｨｰ08ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ06ｨｦ 05ｨ ｨ 0608ｨ ｨｰ0608ｨｨｨｨ 06ｨ ｨｴ02ｨｦ 05ｨｺ ｨｨｨｨ 0706 ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｮ ｨｨ 00ｨｨｨｪｨ ｨｪ09ｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｹ ｨｮｨｪｨ ｨｪ04ｨｬ ｨｺ06ｨｪ09ｨｮ05ｨｹｨｰｨ 02ｨｨ06ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｬ ｨ 0002ｨｪｨｰ09ｨｰ0906ｨｬ ｨｨｨｺ06ｨｦ 0708ｨｨ (IWC, Ltd, UK) ｨｨ ｨｪｨｰ09ｨｰ0906ｨｬ ｨ ｨｪ02 06ｨｺ08ｨｮ03ｨ 06ｨｴ02ｨｦ (ERWDA, UAE) ｨｨ ｨｴｨ ｨｪｨｨ07: ｨC 06ｨ ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｦ ｨｨ ｨｬ ｨｨ07ｨｰｨｨｨｦ ｨ ｨｪ02 ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨ 08ｨｨｨｨ ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ 05ｨｨ04 09ｨｰｨ ｨｰｨｮ09ｨ 05ｨｰ ｨｺ0605ｨ ｨ 08ｨｨｨｨ ｨｨ ｨｰ06 ﾂｨｪ06ｨｦ ; ｨC 06ｨ 09ｨｮ030102ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｨ ｨｮ05ｨｮ ﾂ0302ｨｪｨｨ ｨ 0809ｨｺ ｨ ｨｪｨ 0102ｨｦ09ｨｰ09ｨｨｨｦ ｨｨ01ｨ ｨｴｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｮ- ﾂｨ 05ｨｨ 0106ｨｺ05ｨ 0104: 02ｨｨｨｬｨｨｨｰｨ 08 04ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪ 09 09ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｰ06 ﾂｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｨｨｬｨｨｨｰｨ 08 04ｨ ｨｮ05ｨｹｨｰｨ ｨｰ04 ｨｨ04ｨｮ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨ 08ｨｨｨｨ ｨ ｨｬ02ｨｪ 04ｨｮ09ｨｺ ｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ ｨ 0809ｨｺ ｨ ｨｴ0209ｨｰ09ｨ 04ｨ ｨｴｨｨｨｰ04 07ｨｰｨｨ ｨ ｨｪ04 ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ. 0609ｨ ｨｦ ｨｪ ｨ 08ｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪｨ ｨｪｨｺｨ ｨｮ ｨｨｨｦ 06ｨ ｨｨｨｰｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 09ｨｮ0905ｨｨｨｺ ｨｨ0902ｨｪ09ｨｺ06ｨｦ 06ｨ 05ｨ 09ｨｰｨｨ ｨC ｨｨｨｬｨｨｨｰｨ ｨｬ ｨｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｰｨｮ09 ｨｬ0600ｨｨ05ｨｹｨｪｨｨｨｺｨ (Aquila heliaca) ｨ 08ｨｨｨｨ. 02ｨｨｨｪｨ ｨｬｨｨｨｺｨ ｨｮ050702ｨｨｨｨ. 06ｨ ｨｨ ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 01ｨｨｨｬｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨ ｨｴ0209ｨｰ ｨｹ09ｨｺ06ｨｬ ｨｦ09ｨｰ0902 ｨｨ ｨｨ ｨｨ07ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｪｨ 01ｨｨｨｴｨｪ ｨｰｨｨ ｨｴｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｰｨ ｨｺ 0302 ｨ ｨ 09ｨｮ030102ｨｪ ｨｨ ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰｨ ｨｪ ｨ 08ｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ04ｨｦ 09ｨ 08ｨｨｨ ｨｪｨｰ ｨ 0809ｨｺ ｨ ｨｪｨ 0102ｨｦ09ｨｰ09ｨｨｨｦ 0706 ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｮ, ｨｪｨ ｨｬ02 ﾂ02ｨｪｨ 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ06 ｨｪｨ 02ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ06ｨｦ 08ｨ ｨ 06 ﾂ02ｨｦ 0008ｨｮ ｨｰ06ｨｬｨｮ 0906ｨｺ0605ｨｮ ｨｨ 09ｨ 0608ｨｮ ｨｨｨｪ000608ｨｬｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ 0706 ｨ 08ｨ ｨｺ06ｨｪｨｹ020809ｨｰ09ｨｮ. 0806ｨｪｨｰｨ ｨｺｨｰ (4). 19ｨC24 ｨｬｨ 08ｨｰｨ ｨ ｨｪ04 07ｨｰｨｨ ｨｨｨｨ 09 08ｨ ｨｬｨｺｨ ｨ ｨｬｨｬ ﾂ ｨｪｨｨｨｰ ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨ02 ｨｰ020808ｨｨｨｰ0608ｨｨｨｨ ｨｨｨｨ03 ( ) ｨｨ ｨｺｨｰｨ ｨｨ0502ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｮ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｨ ｨ 0301ｨ ｨｪ09ｨｺ ｨ ｨｴ0209ｨｰ09ｨ ｨ ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｮ ｨｰ06 ﾂ02ｨｺ 03ｨ ｨｪ ｨｦ09ｨｺ06ｨｦ 05ｨｺ ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺ06ｨｦ 0902ｨｰｨｨ ｨｨｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ08ｨｮ02ｨｰ ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｬ020301ｨｮｨｪｨ ｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｺ06ｨｪ ｨｪ02ｨｨｨｨ ｨ 0502ｨｬ ｨ ｨｺｨｰｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺ06ｨｦ ｨ ｨｪ04 07ｨｰｨｨ02 ｨｪｨ ｨｺ0506 ﾂ ｨｪｨｨｨｰ ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨ01 ｨｰ020808ｨｨｨｰ0608ｨｨ ｨｨｨｨ ｨｪ ｨｪ02ｨｨ07 ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ ｨｨｨｰｨｹ ｨｪｨ ｨｮ ｨｪｨ ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｮ080009ｨｺ ｨｮ01ｨ 0809ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ ｨ ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺ ｨｮｨｪｨｨ ｨｨｨｰ02ｨｰｨ. 0209ｨｪ0609ｨｪ0402 ｨｪｨ 0708ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｰｨｮ070502ｨｪｨｨｨｦ ｨｨ On 30 and 31 of October 2006 National Saker Falcon (Falco cherrug) Workshop was held in Sofia, Bulgaria. The meeting was part of the Saker Falcon project of Central Laboratory of General Ecology ｨC BAS, financed by International Wildlife Consultants Ltd. (IWC, Ltd, UK) and Environmental Agency of Abu Dhabi (ERWDA, UAE). The aims of the event were: ｨC to be drawn up a balance of research and conservation actions conducted in Bulgaria to this moment, and to be done analyze of the status of Saker Falcon in Bulgaria and SE Europe; ｨC to be discussed and improved Bulgarian Action Plan for the species. Following reports were sounded and discussed: Dimitar Ragyov. Saker Falcon in the countries of Southeastern Europe. Dimitar Ragyov. Results of the Saker Falcon survey in Bulgaria Kamen Ruskov. BSPB ｯs activities for Saker Falcon protection. Ivaylo Angelov. Attempt for assessment of Souslick population condition in Sliven region in 1998ｨC2006. Dimitar Demerdzhiev. Status of Imperial eagle in Bulgaria. Dynamic of the population. Iavor Iliev. Chemicals used in agriculture economy and their influence on the birds of prey. During the meeting also the first draft of Bulgarian Saker Action Plan was discussed and improved, a question for creating of National Saker Working Group was raised and creation of database to estimate the size of the poaching and encroachment on the birds of prey was initiated. Contact (4). The Russian Bird Conservation Union within the program 00Important bird areas of Russia03 and the project 00Raising of society in conservation of key-points of Pan-European eco-net of Russia03 are planning to hold the international conference 00Problems of bird conservation in IBAs of Russia in practice03 on 19ｨC24 March The Conference will be in the Orenburg State Pedagogical University in Orenburg. The main topics being discussed are: ｨC examples of, functional methods of establishing protected areas in the IBAs under current conditions;

7 13Events Raptors Conservation 2007, 8 7 (5) 0806ｨｪｨｰｨ ｨｺｨｰ: ｨｪｨ 0808ｨ 09ｨｪ0609ｨ ｨｨｨｪｨ ｨｰ ｨ ｨｬｨｬ ｨ ｨ ｨｪ04 07ｨｰｨｨ ｨｨｨｨ ｨｨ07, ｨｺ09ｨ ｨｪｨｰｨｮ04ｨｨｨ 09ｨｰ /1 ｨｰ0205.: +7 (495) iba@rbcu.ru (5) Contact: Elena Krasnova Coordinator of the IBA Programme Russian Bird Conservation Union Highway Entuziastov 60/1 tel.: +7 (495) iba@rbcu.ru (6) 0806ｨｪｨｰｨ ｨｺｨｰ: 0102ｨｪｨｪｨ 01ｨｨｨｦ 0609ｨ ｨｺ ｨｺ0802ｨｰｨ 08ｨｹ ﾁｨｮ09ｨ 0309ｨｺ ｨｰ ｨｪｨｨ ｨ ｨ ｨｪ04 07ｨｰｨｨ ｨｨｨｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｦ 0209ｨｬ0205ｨｺｨｨｨｪ ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹ 06ｨｺ ｨｨ- ﾂ0209ｨｺ ｨｨ0302ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｬ ｨｨ ﾁｨｮ09ｨ 0309ｨｺ06ｨｦ ｨｮｨ 05ｨｨｨｺｨｨ ﾁ02ｨ 06ｨｺ09ｨ 0804 ｨｮ ｨ ｨｪｨ 09ｨｹ0209ｨ, 13 ﾁｨｮ09ｨ 0309ｨｺ ｨｰ ｨｪｨｨ ｨ ｨ ｨｪ04 07ｨｰｨｨ ｨｨｨｨ sopr21@yandex.ru edemchr@mail.ru (6) Contact: Gennadiy Isakov Eugene Osmelkin Chuvashskoe Branch Bird Conservation Union Afanasieva str., 13 Cheboksary Russia sopr21@yandex.ru edemchr@mail.ru ｨｪｨｰｨ 02ｨｨｨｦ, 0603ｨｨ01ｨ 02ｨｬ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ04ｨ ｨｰ0608ｨ ｨｬｨｨ 06ｨｰ ｨｮ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｪｨｨｨｺ0609 ｨｺ06ｨｪ ｨｪ02ｨｨｨｨ, ｨｬ0603ｨｪ ｨｬｨｮ05ｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｮ06ｨｴｨｨｨｬ 06ｨ 08ｨ 0406ｨｬ: ｨC 0708ｨｨｨｬ ｨｺ06ｨｪｨｺ0802ｨｰｨｪ0401, 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰｨ 06ｨｴｨｨ01 ｨｪｨ 0708ｨ ｨｺｨｰｨｨｨｺ ｨｪ0401 ｨｮ ｨｨ ｨｪ0703ｨｪ ｨｪ07, 07ｨｮｨｰ02ｨｦ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｺ0506 ﾂ ｨｪｨｨｨｰ ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨ01 ｨｰ020808ｨｨｨｰ0608ｨｨ0701; ｨC ｨｺ06ｨｪｨｺ0802ｨｰｨｪ ｨｨｨｬ ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ06 09ｨｪ ｨｪｨｪ ｨ ｨｺｨｰｨｨｨｺｨｮ 0708ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｪ ｨｮ0708ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｺ0506 ﾂ020904ｨｬｨｨ 0608ｨｪｨｨｨｰ ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨｨｬｨｨ ｨｰ020808ｨｨｨｰ0608ｨｨ07ｨｬｨｨ (ｨｺｨ ｨｺ ｨ ｨｪ0702ｨｬ04ｨｬｨｨ, ｨｰｨ ｨｺ ｨｨ ｨｪ ｨｴｨｨｨｬｨｨ ); ｨC 07ｨｮｨｰｨｨ ｨｨ ｨｬ ｨ ｨｨｨｬ060102ｨｦ09ｨｰ09ｨｨ07 ﾂ0502ｨｪ ｨ ｨ ｨｪ04 07ｨｰｨｨ ｨ ｨｴ0209ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ06, 0708ｨｨ ｨｴｨｨ02 ｨｺ 0802ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ06ｨｬｨｮ ｨ ｨｪ06ｨｬｨｮ 09ｨｺ05ｨ 01ｨｮ ｨ ｨｪｨｮ ｨｺ0506 ﾂ ｨｪｨｨｨｰ ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨ01 ｨｰ020808ｨｨｨｰ0608ｨｨｨｦ ｨｨ ｨｮ05ｨｮ ﾂ0302ｨｪｨｨ06 ｨｨ ｨｰ0607ｨｪｨｨ07; ｨC ｨ 0502ｨｬ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｨ ｨｹ ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪ090008ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ﾂｨｪ ｨ ｨｪ02 07ｨｰｨｨ ｨｪｨｰｨ ｨｺｨｰ (5). 24ｨC26 ｨｬｨ 08ｨｰｨ ﾁ02ｨ 06ｨｺ09ｨ 0804 ( ﾁｨｮ09ｨ 0309ｨｺｨ ｨｮｨ 05ｨｨｨｺｨ, ｨｨ07) ｨｰ06ｨｨｨｰ0907 ｨｬ ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ 05ｨｹｨｪｨ 07 ｨｪｨ ｨｮ ﾂｨｪ ｨ ｨｺｨｰｨｨ- ﾂ0209ｨｺｨ 07 ｨｺ06ｨｪ ｨｪ02ｨｨ ｨｮ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ02 07ｨｰｨｨ02 ｨｪｨ ｨｰ020808ｨｨｨｰ0608ｨｨｨｨ ｨｪ ｨｹ ｨｪ ｨｪ02ｨｨ07 ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ ｨｨｨｰｨｹ ｨｪｨ ｨ ｨ 0402 ｨ ｨｨ ｨｨｨｬｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺ ｨ ｨｺｨｮ05ｨｹｨｰ02ｨｰｨ ﾁｨｮ09ｨ 0309ｨｺ ｨｮ01ｨ 0809ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ ｨ ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺ ｨｮｨｪｨｨ ｨｨｨｰ02ｨｰｨ. 0209ｨｪ0609ｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｹ06 ｨｺ06ｨｪ ｨｪ02ｨｨｨｨ ｨｰ0907 ｨｺ06ｨｪ090605ｨｨ01ｨ 02ｨｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｰ ｨｪ ｨｹ ｨ 06ｨ ｨｴ02ｨｪｨｨ ｨｮ05ｨｹｨｰｨ ｨｰ ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰ04 ｨｨ ｨｰ0609ｨｺｨｨ ｨｬ0209ｨｰｨｪ ｨ ｨｪ ｨｨ04ｨｮ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ06 07ｨｰｨｨ ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ. 0209ｨｪ0609ｨｪ0402 ｨｪｨ 0708ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰ04 ｨｺ06ｨｪ ｨｪ02ｨｨｨｨ: ｨC 05ｨｺ ｨｨ07 07ｨｰｨｨ02 ｨｪｨ ｨｰ020808ｨｨｨｰ0608ｨｨｨｨ ｨｪ ｨｹ07; ｨC ｨｬｨｪ ｨｰｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｬ06ｨｪｨｨｨｰ0608ｨｨｨｪ ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｨ ｨｪｨｺｨ ﾂｨｨ090502ｨｪｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ 07ｨｰｨｨ02 ｨｪｨ ｨｰ020808ｨｨｨｰ0608ｨｨｨｨ ｨｪ ｨｹ07; ｨC ｨｨ06ｨｪｨｪｨ 07 ｨｬ ｨｨ07 07ｨｰｨｨ02; ｨC ｨｺｨｨ02 07ｨｰｨｨ ｨｪ ｨｹ07 ｨｨ ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ. 08 ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ 05ｨｮ ｨｺ06ｨｪ ｨｪ02ｨｨｨｨ 0705ｨ ｨｪｨｨ08ｨｮ02ｨｰ ｨｰ0609ｨｨｨｰｨｹ 09ｨ 0608ｨｪｨｨｨｺ ｨｰ08ｨｮ ｨｪ02 ﾂｨｪ04ｨｦ ｨｺ ｨ ﾂｨｨ ｨｬｨ ｨｰ0208ｨｨｨ 05ｨ ｨ 0608ｨｪｨｨｨｺｨ ｨC ｨ ｨ ｨｰ0208ｨｨｨ ｨｨｨｪｨｨｨｬｨ 02ｨｰ ｨｺｨｰ0806ｨｪｨｪ06ｨｬ ｨｨ ｨ ｨｮｨｬｨ 03ｨｪ06ｨｬ 09ｨｨ ｨ 0609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｺ ｨｬ0502ｨｪｨｨ06 09ｨｰｨ ｨｰ02ｨｦ: ｨｬｨ ｨｰ ｨｰ02ｨｺ09ｨｰｨ : doc, rtf; ｨｬｨ ｨｰ 09ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪｨｨ0204: 084 ( ｨｬｨｬ); : 20 ｨｬｨｬ ｨC ｨｮ, 09ｨｪｨｨ04ｨｮ, ｨ 09ｨ, ｨ ; 0308ｨｨ00ｨｰ: 08ｨ 04ｨｬ0208 (ｨｺ020005ｨｹ) ｨC 12; ｨｰｨｨ07 ｨC Times New Roman; ｨ 09ｨｪｨｨ09ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｰ02ｨｺ09ｨｰｨ ｨｨ08ｨｨｨｪ02 ｨ ｨｪ0609ｨ ; ｨｬ020301ｨｮ09ｨｰ0806 ﾂｨｪ04ｨｦ ｨｨｨｪｨｰ020809ｨ 05 ｨC 0601ｨｨｨｪｨ 08ｨｪ04ｨｦ. 00 ｨｰ02ｨｺ09ｨｰ ｨｮ09ｨｺｨ 06ｨｰ ｨｨ09ｨｮｨｪｨｺｨｨ, ｨｰｨ ｨ 05ｨｨ ｨ ｨｲ00ｨｬ 08ｨｮｨｺ0607ｨｨ09ｨｨ ｨｪ ｨｪ ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 6 09ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02. ｨC practical examples of introduction of nature conservation management to the IBAs (protected and non-protected areas); ｨC ways and forms of interactions between members of RBSU and the society that put the conservation of certain IBAs into effect, and improved their conditions; ｨC problems with establishing trans-boundary IBAs and their role in bird conservation. Contact (5). The conference 00Research of birds in the Middle Volga region03 will be hold in Cheboksary (Republic of Chuvashia, Russia) on the 24ｨC26 of March, The Conference will take place at the biological-chemical facility of the Chuvashian State Pedagogical University. The main aim will be the consolidation of ornithologists of the Middle Volga region for generalizing the results of their research and preparing a joint active plan for studying a bird of the region. The follow topics will be adressed: ｨC ecology of birds in the Middle Volga region; ｨC perennial monitoring and the estimation of bird numbers on the territory of the region; ｨC evolution morphology of birds; ｨC rare bird species of the Middle Volga and their protection. Contact (6). 05ｨ 0709ｨ ｨｪ (Falco peregrinus). 0402ｨｺｨ 0806ｨｪｨｹｨｺ0609ｨ 07, ｨｨ07 (ｨｨ06ｨｪｨｹ 1992). 0806ｨｰ ｨｰｨ ｨ Peregrine Falcon (Falco peregrinus). Konkovaya river, Russia (June 1992). Photo by E. Potapov 3

8 ｨｪｨ ｨｰ ｨｨｨｴｨｪｨｨｨｺｨｨ ｨｨ ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ 2007, ｨ 04ｨｰｨｨ07 (7) 0806ｨｪｨｰｨ ｨｺｨｰ: 0202ｨｪｨｨ ｨｺｨｨｨｪ ｨｪｨ 08ｨｮ04ｨｹｨｬｨｨｨｪｨ 06ｨｪ09ｨｰｨｨｨｰｨｮｨｰ 05ｨｺ ｨｨｨｨ 08ｨ 09ｨｰ02ｨｪｨｨｨｦ ｨｨ 03ｨｨ0906ｨｰｨｪ ｨｨ07 03ｨｺｨ ｨｰ0208ｨｨｨｪｨ ｨｮ0800 ｨｮ ｨ 08ｨｰｨ, 202 ｨｰ0205.: +7 (343) ｨ ｨｺ09: +7 (343) confer@ipae.uran.ru (7) Contact: Denis Veselkin Elena Kyzmina The Institute of Plant and Animal Ecology of the Ural Department of the Russian Academy of Science 8 Marta str., 202 Ekaterinburg Russia tel.: +7 (343) fax: +7 (343) confer@ipae.uran.ru (8) Contact: Robert Zmuda Executive Secretary TURUL P.O. Box Warsaw Poland conference@peregrinus.pl ｨ ｨｪｨｨ04ｨ 02ｨｨ06ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ 0904ｨｪ0609 ｨC ｨｮｨ. ( ｨ 0907ｨｨ08ｨ ｨｪｨｰ0609 ｨｨ 09ｨｰｨｮ0102ｨｪｨｰ0609 ｨC ｨｮｨ.) ｨ - ﾂｨｨ09ｨ 02ｨｰ ｨｨｨ 04ｨｰｨｨｨｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｴｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｬ ｨｨ09ｨｰ08ｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ. 0806ｨｪｨｰｨ ｨｺｨｰ (6). 06ｨｪ09ｨｰｨｨｨｰｨｮｨｰ 05ｨｺ ｨｨｨｨ 08ｨ 09ｨｰ02ｨｪｨｨｨｦ ｨｨ 03ｨｨ0906ｨｰｨｪ ｨ 05ｨｹ09ｨｺ ｨｰ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｨｨｦ09ｨｺ06ｨｦ ｨ ｨｺｨ 0102ｨｬｨｨｨｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｮｨｺ 16ｨC20 ｨ ｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｰ0208ｨｨｨｪｨ ｨｮ ( ｨｨ07) ｨｨｨｰ ｨｨｨｦ09ｨｺｨｮ06 ｨｺ06ｨｪ ｨｪ02ｨｨ06 ｨｬ ｨｮ ﾂ02ｨｪ ｨｺ ｨｨ07: 06ｨｰ 0808ｨｺｨｰｨｨｨｺｨｨ ｨｪｨｰｨ 08ｨｺｨｰｨｨｨｺｨｨ ｨｪ ｨｪ02ｨｨ ｨｴ02ｨｪｨ ｨｮｨｪｨ ｨｪ06ｨｬｨｮ ｨｪ06ｨｬｨｮ ｨｮ, ｨｺ06ｨｰ060804ｨｦ 09ｨｰｨ 08ｨｰｨｮ02ｨｰ ｨｨ0106ｨｦ ｨ ｨ ｨｺ06ｨｪ ｨｪ02ｨｨｨｨ 0705ｨ ｨｪｨｨ08ｨｮ02ｨｰ ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰｨ 0902ｨｺ02ｨｨｨｦ: ｨC ｨ ｨｨ ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺ ｨ 04ｨｪ0606ｨ 08ｨ 04ｨｨ02: ｨｪｨｺｨ ｨｰ0607ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｨ ｨ 0502ｨｬ ｨ ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ07; ｨC ｨ 0502ｨｬ ｨｨｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺ ｨｬｨｨ08ｨ ｨｨ 07ｨ ｨ ｨｨ ｨｨｨｨ; ｨC ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｪｨ 07 09ｨｰ08ｨｮｨｺｨｰｨｮ08ｨ ｨｨ 01ｨｨｨｪｨ ｨｬｨｨｨｺｨ ｨｮ050702ｨｨｨｦ, 09ｨｨ010609, ｨ ｨｨ060202ｨｪ ; ｨC ｨｬ0201ｨ ｨｪｨｨ04ｨｬ04 ｨ 01ｨ 07ｨｰｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ ｨ ｨｨ06ｨｰ04 ｨｺ 0102ｨｦ09ｨｰ09ｨｨ06 05ｨｺ09ｨｰ0802ｨｬｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ0401 ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｰ ｨｪｨｪ ｨ ｨｺｨｰ ｨ ｨｦｨｪｨｨｨｦ ｨｺ 0708ｨｨ00ｨｬｨ ｨｨ09ｨｰ08ｨ 02ｨｨ06ｨｪｨｪ ｨｬ ｨｨ ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｰｨｺｨｨ01 ｨ ｨｪｨｪ06ｨｰｨ 02ｨｨｨｦ 0106ｨｺ05ｨ : ｨ ｨｪｨｰｨ ｨｺｨｰ (7). 19ｨC ｨｪｨｰ07ｨ ｨｨ06ｨｰ (030604ｨｪｨ ｨｪｨｹ, ｨｹ03ｨ ) ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ ｨｨｨｰｨｹ 0806ｨｪ ｨｪ02ｨｨ ｨ 0709ｨ ｨｪｨｮ. 0806ｨｪ ｨｪ02ｨｨ ｨｰ ｨｮ05ｨｹｨｰｨ ｨｰ06ｨｬ ｨｺｨｰｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｪｨｰ08ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ ｨｦ09ｨｺ06ｨｦ 08ｨ ｨ 06 ﾂ02ｨｦ 0008ｨｮ ｨ 0709ｨ ｨｪｨｮ, ｨｬ020301ｨｮｨｪｨ ｨｪ ｨｰ08ｨｮ01ｨｪｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｰ09ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ04ｨ 02ｨｨｨｦ ｨｨ ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪ (030605ｨｹ03ｨｨ, 0002ｨｪ0008ｨｨｨｨ, 04ｨｮｨｬ04ｨｪｨｨｨｨ ｨｨ ｨ ｨｺｨｨｨｨ) 0708ｨｨ ｨｺ ｨｪ01ｨ 00ｨｨ ｨ ｨ 0709ｨ ｨｪ (Falco peregrinus) ｨｰ ｨｺ08ｨ 09ｨｪ04ｨｬ 06ｨ 08ｨ ｨｬ ｨｮ ｨ ｨ ｨｪ ｨｨ ｨｪ02ｨｺ06ｨｰ ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｮ050702ｨｨｨｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｰ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｹ ｨｬ ｨｰ0607ｨｪｨｨｨｨ ｨｬｨｪ0600ｨｨ01 09ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ ｨｰ ｨｺｨｰ ｨｨｨｪｨｰ080601ｨｮｨｺ02ｨｨｨｨ ｨｨ ｨｺ06ｨｪｨｰ ｨ 01ｨｨｨｺｨｨｨｬｨｨ ｨｮ050702ｨｨ07ｨｬｨｨ 09ｨ 0709ｨ ｨｪｨ. 0201ｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｨ04 ｨｪｨ ｨｨｨ ｨｰ08ｨｮ01ｨｪ ｨ 01ｨ ﾂ ｨｰ ｨｰｨ ｨｪ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｪ06-00ｨｪ ｨｴ02ｨｦ ｨｮ050702ｨｨｨｨ 0906ｨｺ ｨｪｨｰ08ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｪ ｨｪ02ｨｨ ｨ 0709ｨ ｨｪｨｮ ｨｮ ｨｨ05ｨ 09ｨｹ ｨ 0902ｨｺ (ｨｬｨ ｨｰ0208ｨｨｨ 0504 ｨ 0405ｨｨ 0607ｨｮｨ 05ｨｨｨｺ0609ｨ ｨｪ ｨｮ08ｨｪｨ 0502 Acta Ornithologica, , , 1995). 06ｨｰ06 ｨ 0405ｨ 06 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｹ ｨｨｨｪｨｰ ｨｪｨ 07 ｨｨ ｨｮｨｺｨｰｨｨ09ｨｪｨ 07 ｨｺ06ｨｪ ｨｪ02ｨｨ ｨｦ ﾂｨ 09, ｨｰ 0907ｨｮ09ｨｰ07, 09ｨｨｨｰｨｮｨ 02ｨｨ ｨ 0709ｨ ｨｪ06ｨｬ 09ｨｨ05ｨｹｨｪ06 ｨｮ05ｨｮ ﾂ03ｨｨ05ｨ 09ｨｹ. 04ｨ ｨ 06 ﾂｨ ｨｮ0707ｨ ｨ 0709ｨ ｨｪｨｮ ｨｪｨ ｨ ｨｰｨｨｨｰｨｹ ｨｮ. 06ｨｰ06 ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ 0601ｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｨ04 ｨｰ02ｨｬ The Institute of Plant and Animal Ecology of the Ural Department of the Russian Academy of Science is planning to hold the All-Russian conference for young scientists 00Ecology: from Arctic to Antarctic03 in Ekaterinburg (Russia) on the 16ｨC 20 April The conference will be devoted to the International Polar Year, which will start under the aegis of UNESCO on April Following sections are planning to function on the conference: ｨC biodiversity: estimation of status and problems of conservation; ｨC problems of the wildlife evolution and paleobiology; ｨC modern structure and dynamics of populations, species, biocenosyses; ｨC mechanisms of the biota adaptation to extreme and human factors. The deadline for registration and submission of Abstracts is 28 February Contact (7). The 00Peregrine Conference03 will be held in Piotrowo, Poznan, Poland between 19th and 23th September The Conference is the result of a project on creation of the Central European Working Group on Peregrine and international cooperation of organisations from 4 countries ｨC Poland, Hungary, Romania and Slovakia with support from Visegrad Fund. The Peregrine Falcon (Falco peregrinus) is an icon of success in nature conservation. In some countries it ｯs populations are in a very good condition. In many countries there are projects on its reintroduction and management of wild populations. One of the most difficult tasks is to re-establish the tree-nesting population in central Europe. A conference on Peregrine was already held in Wloclawek in 1994 (proceedings in Acta Ornithologica, vol. 30, No 1, 1995). That was very interesting and fruitful conference. Now, more than 10 years later, the situation of Peregrine is much improved. The Working Group on Peregrine should cover the whole Europe and that would be one of our subjects to discuss at the Conference. The Conference will be a place where friends of the Peregrine from East and West will meet again to exchange knowledge, experience and ideas. Every participant should fill the registration form available on website 5. Contact (8).

9 13Events Raptors Conservation 2007, 8 9 (9) Contact: Prof. Dr. Heribert Hofer Dr. Marion East Dipl. Soz. Steven Seet Organising committee Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research PF D Berlin Germany D Berlin Alfred-Kowalke-Str., 17 tel.: fax: symposium@izwberlin.de (10) Contact: David Johnson Executive Director - Global Owl Project 6504 Carriage Drive Alexandria Virginia USA djowl@aol.com ｨｨ09ｨｺｨｮ0909ｨｨｨｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｺ06ｨｪ ｨｪ02ｨｨｨｨ. 01ｨ ｨｺ06ｨｪ ｨｪ02ｨｨｨｨ 0909ｨｰ0802ｨｰ07ｨｰ0907 ｨｨ ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｨ 09 05ｨ 07ｨ 01ｨ ｨｨ ｨｰ06ｨｺｨ ｨ ｨｬ02ｨｪｨ 04ｨｪｨ ｨｪｨｨ07ｨｬｨｨ, ｨｰ06ｨｬ ｨｨ ｨｨ010207ｨｬｨｨ ｨｮ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｨ07 09 ｨｺ06ｨｪ ｨｪ02ｨｨｨｨ ｨｪ0206ｨ ｨｨｨｬ06 04ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｰｨｹ ｨｨ09ｨｰ08ｨ 02ｨｨ06ｨｪｨｪｨｮ ｨｬｨｮ, ｨｰｨｮ07ｨｪｨｮ06 ｨｪｨ 0902ｨ -09ｨ ｨｦｨｰ02 ｨｺ06ｨｪ ｨｪ02ｨｨｨｨ ｨｪｨｰｨ ｨｺｨｰ (8). 7ｨC10 06ｨｺｨｰ07ｨ ｨｨｨｪ02 (010208ｨｬｨ ｨｪｨｨ07) ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ ｨｨｨｰｨｹ ｨｮｨｪｨ ｨｪｨ 07 ｨｪｨ ｨｮ ﾂｨｪ06-ｨｨ ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹ09ｨｺｨ 07 ｨｺ06ｨｪ ｨｪ02ｨｨ ｨｪｨｨ06, 00ｨｨ04ｨｨ ｨｨｨｨ ｨｨ 0002ｨｪ02ｨｰｨｨｨｺ ｨｪｨｪ ｨｪ ｨｨ 01ｨｨｨｺｨｨ01 03ｨｨ0906ｨｰｨｪ ｨｹ ｨｺ06ｨｪ ｨｪ02ｨｨｨｨ ｨC ｨ 09ｨｰ090609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 06ｨ ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｮ ｨｨ0102ｨｦ ｨｬ020301ｨｮ ｨｨｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨｰｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨｨ04 08ｨ 04ｨｪ ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪ 0706 ｨｬｨｪ0600ｨｨｨｬ 01ｨｨ0902ｨｨ0705ｨｨｨｪｨ ｨｬ, 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰｨ 06ｨｴｨｨ01 ｨｺｨ ｨｺ ｨ 0601ｨｪ06 03ｨｨ09ｨｮｨｴｨｨｨｬｨｨ, ｨｰｨ ｨｺ ｨｨ ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｬｨｨ 09 ｨｪ ｨｨ0906ｨｰｨｪ04ｨｬｨｨ. 0209ｨｪ0609ｨｪ0402 ｨｰ02ｨｬ04: ｨC ｨｪ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨ 07 05ｨｺ ｨｨ07; ｨC 09ｨｰ ｨｨ ｨ ｨｺ06ｨｦ09ｨｰ0906; ｨC ｨ ｨｨ ｨｨ07 08ｨ 04ｨｬｨｪ060302ｨｪｨｨ07; ｨC ｨ ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ ｨｪ060006ｨｪ01ｨ ; ｨC ｨｮ0708ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨ 08ｨｺｨ ｨｬｨｨ, ｨｺ06ｨｪｨｰ080605ｨｹ 04ｨ ｨｨ09ｨｺｨｮ0909ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ ｨ ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｬｨｨ ｨｨ ｨｪ02ｨ 0605ｨｹ03ｨｨｨｬｨｨ 0209ｨｰ0209ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｬｨｨ ｨｮ050702ｨｨ07ｨｬｨｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｦ ｨｺ ｨ ﾂｨｨ ｨ ｨ 09ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｺｨｰ0609: 30 ｨ ｨｨｨｪｨｨｨｬｨ 06ｨｰ ｨｰｨ ｨｰｨｹｨｨ ｨｬ ｨｪｨ 0708ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07ｨｬ ｨｨ04ｨｮ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ ｨｪｨｨ07, 05ｨｺ ｨｨｨｨ, 00ｨｨ04ｨｨ ｨｨｨｨ ｨｨ 0002ｨｪ02ｨｰｨｨｨｺｨｨ. 01ｨ ｨｺ06ｨｪ ｨｪ02ｨｨｨｨ ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ ｨｰ08ｨｨ ｨｬ ｨｰｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｺ05ｨ : (1) ｨｮ09ｨｰｨｪ ｨｺ05ｨ ｨｪ0609ｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨ ｨｬｨｬ04 ｨｺ06ｨｪ ｨｪ02ｨｨｨｨ; (2) ｨｮ09ｨｰｨｪ ｨｺ05ｨ 0104 ｨｪｨ ｨｺ08ｨｮ ｨｰ0605ｨ 01; (3) ｨｰ ｨｺ ｨｺ06ｨｪ ｨｪ02ｨｨｨｨ ｨC ｨ ｨｪ0005ｨｨｨｦ09ｨｺｨｨｨｦ ｨ ｨｪ06 06 ｨｺ06ｨｪ ｨｪ02ｨｨｨｨ ｨｬ0603ｨｪ06 ｨｮ04ｨｪｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｪｨ 0902ｨ 09ｨ ｨｦｨｰ ｨｦｨ ｨｪｨｨ02ｨｺ ｨｨｨｪ09ｨｰｨｨｨｰｨｮｨｰｨ ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 01ｨｨｨｺｨｨ01 ｨｨ 08ｨ ｨｪｨｪ ｨｪ ｨｨ0906ｨｰｨｪ ｨｪｨｰｨ ｨｺｨｰ (9) ｨｺｨｰ07ｨ 0807 ｨC 4 ｨｪ0607ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｪ0002ｨｪ02 (01ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪ0104) 02ｨ ｨｴ0209ｨｰ ｨ ｨｨｨｰ020502ｨｦ 07ｨｰｨｨ ｨｰ09ｨ 01ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪ0104, ｨｮｨｪｨ ｨｪ04ｨｦ ｨｺｨｰ ｨ ｨｬ ｨｨ ｨｬｨｨ08ｨｪｨ 07 ｨ ｨｨｨ 02ｨｨ ｨ ｨｨｨｰ020502ｨｦ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ08ｨｮ06ｨｰ ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｺ06ｨｪ ｨｪ02ｨｨｨｨ ｨC ｨｪｨｨｨｺｨｨ ｨ ｨｪ ｨｨ ｨｨ04ｨｬ02ｨｪ0706ｨｴｨｨ ｨｬ0209ｨｰ0606ｨ ｨｨｨｰｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｪ0609ｨｪ04ｨｬｨｨ ｨｰ02ｨｬｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨｺ06ｨｪ ｨｪ02ｨｨｨｨ 09ｨｰｨ ｨｪｨｮｨｰ ｨ ｨｴ02ｨｦ ｨ ｨｨ ｨｨｨｨ ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪ The 006th International Zoo and Wildlife Research Conference on Behavior, Physiology and Genetics03 will be held in Berlin, Germany between 7th and 10th October Aim ｨC to foster an exchange of ideas among international specialists from many disciplines working with free-ranging and captive animals. Main topics: ｨC behavioral ecology; ｨC stress & disturbance; ｨC reproduction biology; ｨC conservation genetics; ｨC management of zoo, captive and small populations. Abstract deadline: 30th April Contributions from all fields of behavior, ecology, physiology and genetics are welcome. There will be three different forms of presentations: (1) oral contributions during the main conference programme; (2) oral contributions during workshops; (3) posters. The conference will be conducted in English, thus all contributions will be in English. Details about the conference will be available on the Leibniz Institut for Zoo and Wildlife Research website 6. Contact (9) ｨｦｨｪｨｨｨｺ0609ｨ ｨｺｨ (Otus bakkamoena) ｨｨ07, 0308ｨｨｨｬ060809ｨｺｨｨｨｦ ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｦ (ｨ 0900ｨｮ09ｨｰ 2005). 0806ｨｰ ｨ 0807ｨｺｨｨｨｪｨ The Collared Scops Owl (Otus bakkamoena). Russia, Primorskiy Kray (August 2005). Photo by I. Karyakin Birdlife the Netherlands, Global Owl Project and the World Owl Trust are planning the World Owl Conference 00Owls, Ambassadors for the Protection of Nature in their Changing Landscapes03, which will be held in Groningen, Netherlands from 31st October through 4th November, The focus of this conference is on general owl biology and conservation issues.

10 ｨｪｨ ｨｰ ｨｨｨｴｨｪｨｨｨｺｨｨ ｨｨ ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ 2007, ｨ 04ｨｰｨｨ ｨｮ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｨ07 09 ｨｺ06ｨｪ ｨｪ02ｨｨｨｨ 0708ｨｨ0005ｨ 03ｨ 06ｨｰ0907 ｨｨ ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｨ ｨｬｨｨ08ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ04ｨ 02ｨｨ06ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨｨｨｰ02ｨｰ 06ｨｺｨ ｨ 02ｨｰ 0706ｨｬ06ｨｴｨｹ ｨｨ09ｨｺｨ ｨｰ ｨｮ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｨ07 09 ｨｺ06ｨｪ ｨｪ02ｨｨｨｨ (ｨｪ0206ｨ ｨｨｨｬ0609ｨｰｨｹ 0706ｨｬ06ｨｴｨｨ ｨｮ02ｨｰ ｨｮｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨ 09ｨ 02ｨｬ ｨｺｨｮｨｬ02ｨｪｨｰｨ 01) ｨｪ0402 ｨｰ02ｨｺ09ｨｰ04 09ｨｰｨ ｨｰ02ｨｦ ｨ ｨｮ01ｨｮｨｰ ｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ0907 ｨｨ 07ｨｮｨ 05ｨｨｨｺ0609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨ 0608ｨｪｨｨｨｺ02 ｨｰ08ｨｮ ｨｺ06ｨｪ ｨｪ02ｨｨｨｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｦ ｨｺ ｨ ﾂｨｨ ｨｬｨ ｨｰ0208ｨｨｨ ｨC ｨｪｨｰ07ｨ ｨｪ0609ｨｪ0402 ｨｪｨ 0708ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰ04 ｨｺ06ｨｪ ｨｪ02ｨｨｨｨ: ｨC ｨｬ02ｨｰ ｨｨ07; ｨC ｨｬ02ｨｰ ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｦ ｨｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｬ06ｨｪｨｨｨｰ0608ｨｨｨｪ00ｨ ; ｨC ｨｮ0708ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｬｨｨ ｨｨ ｨｨ01 ｨｨ ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02: ｨｬ0209ｨｰｨｪ0402, ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ0402 ｨｨ ｨ ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ ｨ ｨｬｨｬ04; ｨC 0008ｨ 0301ｨ ｨｪ09ｨｺｨ 07 ｨｪｨ ｨｮｨｺｨ : ｨｰ0802 ﾂｨ 06ｨｰ ｨｪｨｰ ｨｨ ｨ ｨｺｨ 0102ｨｬｨｨｨｺｨｨ; ｨC ｨｬ02ｨｰ ｨ 01ｨｨ06ｨｰ020502ｨｬ02ｨｰ08ｨｨｨｨｨｨ ｨｨ 0708ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪ ; ｨC 0006ｨｰ06- ｨｨ 09ｨｨ ｨｰ0201ｨｪ ｨｨｨｨ ｨｨ ; ｨC ｨ ｨｨ0609ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨ ｨｰｨｨｨｺｨ ; ｨC 0002ｨｪ02ｨｰｨｨｨｺｨ ｨｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0906ｨｪ06ｨｬｨｨ07; ｨC ｨｬ ｨｨ07 ｨｨ 00ｨｨ04ｨｨ ｨｨ07; ｨC 05ｨｺ ｨｨ07; ｨC ｨｪｨｺｨ ｨ ｨｨｨｰｨ ｨｪｨｨ07, ｨｨｨｪ09ｨｰ08ｨｮｨｬ02ｨｪｨｰ04 ｨｨ 0607ｨｨ09ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02; ｨC 0102ｨｬ060008ｨ 00ｨｨ ; ｨC ｨｪｨｺｨ ｨｬ0209ｨｰ 00ｨｪ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07; ｨC 08ｨ ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ ｨｨ ｨｺｨ 08ｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02; ｨC 06ｨ ｨｲ0709ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ ｨｮ050702ｨｨ06ｨｪｨｪ0401 ｨｰ0802ｨｪ010609; ｨC 07ｨ 08ｨ 04ｨｨｨｰ ; ｨC ｨｪｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｰ ｨｪｨｪ0401 ｨｰ020808ｨｨｨｰ0608ｨｨ0701; ｨC 0902ｨｰ0807ｨｪ ｨｺｨｰ080609ｨｰｨ ｨｪ02ｨｨｨｨ ｨｨ ; ｨC ｨ ｨｪｨ ; ｨC ｨ ｨｬｨｬ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ06 09 ｨｪ ｨｨ 0802ｨｨｨｪｨｰ080601ｨｮｨｺ02ｨｨｨｨ ; ｨC ｨｨ ｨｰｨｨ02ｨｨ0104; ｨC ｨ ｨｪｨｨ0701 ｨｨ ｨｺｨｮ05ｨｹｨｰｨｮ ｨｪｨｰｨ ｨｺｨｰ (10). The conference is opened to owl researchers from all parts of the world. The organizing committee is willing to help to seek funds for delegates from low-income countries, which have no other financial resources (please indicate with the contribution abstract). Full papers from oral presentations will be peer reviewed and included in hard copy proceedings. Deadline for Abstracts: 1 September Topics to be covered in this conference: ｨC methodology; ｨC survey Techniques and Monitoring Protocols; ｨC data Management and Access ｨC local, regional, and global programs; ｨC citizen Science: where volunteers and academics meet; ｨC radio-telemetry Techniques and Conservation Application; ｨC camera and Video Technology and Owls; ｨC biosystematics; ｨC genetics and Taxonomy; ｨC morphology and physiology; ｨC ecology; ｨC habitat Assessments, Inventories, and Descriptions; ｨC demographics of Owls; ｨC nest Site Evaluations; ｨC owl Distribution and Geospatial Mapping; ｨC explaining population trends; ｨC predator-prey relationships; ｨC owl parasites; ｨC owls in cultivated areas; ｨC wind farms; ｨC owls in natural forests vs. plantations; ｨC conservation; ｨC captive Breeding and Reintroduction Programs; ｨC biodiversity Conservation Strategies; ｨC owls and pesticides; ｨC causes of mortality; ｨC owls in Lore and Culture. Contact (10). Contraband1 7of1 7Falcons ｧｬｧｰｧｯｧｴｧｲｧ ｧ ｧ ｧｯｧ ｧ 1 7ｧｳｧｰｧｬｧｰｧｭｧｰｧ (11) 0806ｨｪｨｰｨ ｨｺｨｰ: ｨｦ 02ｨｺｨ 00ｨｬ ｨ 07ｨｪ09ｨｺｨｨｨｦ 0906ｨｺ ｨ ｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｪ ｨｮ ｨｬ0205ｨｹｨｪｨｨ02ｨｺ060006, 224 ｨｰ0205.: +7 (3902) (11) Contact: Sergey Okayomov NGO 00Sayanskiy sokol03 B. Hmelnitskogo str., 224 Abakan Republic of Khakasiya Russia tel.: +7 (3902) ｨｪｨｰ07ｨ ｨｨ08ｨｨｨｪ09ｨｺ06ｨｬ 08-ｨｪ ｨｮｨ 05ｨｨｨｺｨｨ 09ｨ ｨｺｨ 09ｨｨ07 ( ｨｨ07) ｨ 0405ｨ 04ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ 0008ｨｮ0707ｨ 09ｨｨ08ｨｨｨｦ09ｨｺｨｨ , ｨｮ ｨｺ06ｨｰ ｨ 0405ｨｨ 0802ｨｺ09ｨｨ04ｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪ04 2 ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ (Falco cherrug) ｨｨ 2 09ｨ 0709ｨ ｨｪｨ (Falco peregrinus), ｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0302 ｨ 0605ｨｹ ｨｺ0605ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｰ ｨｮ01ｨｨｨｦ ｨ. 00 ｨｪ06 ﾂｨｹ ｨｪｨ ｨｪｨｰ07ｨ ｨｦｨｰ02ｨｪｨ ｨｪｨｰ ｨｬｨｨ05ｨｨ02ｨｨｨｨ 00ｨｨｨｰｨ 05ｨｨｨｦ 01ｨｨｨｺｨｨｨｰｨｨｨｪ 04ｨ ｨｬ02ｨｰｨｨ ｨ ｨｦ06ｨｪ ｨｬｨ 03ｨｨｨｪ ｨｬ 09 ｨｪｨｨｨｬｨｨ 08ｨ ｨｨ05ｨｨ09ｨｹ ｨｪｨ ｨｪ06 ﾂｨｹ 10 05ｨｨ02 ｨ 08ｨ ｨ 09ｨｺ06ｨｦ ｨｪｨ 02ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ, ｨｮ ｨｺ06ｨｰ ｨｦｨｰ02ｨｪｨ ｨｪｨｰ 06ｨ ｨｪｨ 08ｨｮ03ｨｨ05 ﾂ02ｨｰ ｨｨ090704ｨ ｨｪｨｪ ｨｺ ｨｰ0806ｨｬ ｨｨｨｺｨｨｨｰｨｨｨｪ ｨ ｨ ｨｰｨｨ09ｨｪｨｮ ｨｮ0707ｨｮ, ｨｨ020401ｨ ｨｺ06ｨｰ060806ｨｦ ｨｮ ｨｨ09ｨ 05 ｨｪｨ 08ｨｮ03ｨｨ- A group of syrian poachers was arrested in the Shira region of the Republic of Khakasia (Russia) on the 29 September Two Sakers (Falco cherrug) and two Peregrine Falcons (Falco peregrinus) as well as the numerous instruments for catching were confiscated. Vitaliy Nikitin a lieutenant to militia had noted 6 vehicles in a forest-line in the region the Bele Lake in the night 28ｨC29 September. Near by them he had seen 10 Arabians spending the night, beside the lieutenant had found four clinging falcons. In the morning, V. Nikitin had caused a task force and till their arriving retained poach-

11 13Events Raptors Conservation 2007, ﾂ02ｨｰ (Falco rusticolus), 04ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ 0708ｨｨ ｨｰｨｺ02 ｨｺ06ｨｪｨｰ08ｨ ｨ ｨ ｨｪ ｨｨ07, 05ｨ ｨｬｨ 08ｨ (0102ｨｺｨ ｨ 08ｨｹ 2007). 0806ｨｰ ｨ 0302ｨｪｨｺ0609ｨ Confiscated illegal Gyrfalcon (Falco rusticolus). Russia, Samara (December 2007). Photo by A. Pazhenkov (12) 0806ｨｪｨｰｨ ｨｺｨｰ: ｨｺ0902ｨｦ 03ｨ 0302ｨｪｨｺ ｨｪｨｰ ｨｦ09ｨｰ09ｨｨ ｨ 05ｨｹ09ｨｺ06ｨｦ 05ｨｺ ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺ06ｨｦ 0902ｨｰｨｨ ｨｨ07 05ｨ ｨｬｨ 08ｨ ｨ / f_lynx@hotbox.ru (12) Contact: Aleksey Pazhenkov The Volga-Ural ECONET Assistance Centre P.O. Box 8001, Samara Russia f_lynx@hotbox.ru ｨｰ020502ｨｦ ｨｨｨｪ06 ﾂｨｺｨｮ ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 06ｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｹ, ﾂｨｰ ｨｨ 04ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0401 ｨ ｨ 0301ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｪｨ ｨｨｨｨ (ｨｨ ｨｨｨ ｨｨ0809ｨｺｨ ｨｨ ｨ 0109ｨｺ ｨｪｨ 09ｨ ｨｺｨ 09ｨｨｨｨ), ｨ 0301ｨ ｨｪ 05ｨｨ08ｨｨｨｨ ｨｨ ｨ 0301ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｪ 0608ｨ ｨｪｨ, ｨｨ ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｪ ｨｮ0909ｨｺｨｨ ｨｨ05 ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ ｨｨｨｪ ｨｬ ｨｺ ｨｮ ｨｪｨｨ01 ｨ ｨｺ09ｨｨ04ｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪ06 ｨ 0605ｨｹ ｨｺ0605ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｰ ｨｮｨ 02ｨｦ ｨｨ 0608ｨｮ01ｨｨｨｦ ｨ ｨC 3 07ｨ ｨｺ02ｨｰｨ (ｨ ｨｰｨｪｨｨ!) 03ｨｨ0502ｨｰ ｨｰ0507ｨｬｨｨ. 0506ｨｺ0605ｨ ｨ 0405ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪ04 09 ｨ ｨ ｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｪ09ｨｺｨｨｨｦ ｨ 08ｨｺ, ｨｰ08ｨｨ ｨｨ04 ﾂ02ｨｰ ｨ 0405ｨｨ ｨｮｨｴ02ｨｪ ｨｺｨｰ07ｨ ｨｰ0607ｨｪｨｨ ｨｮ01 07ｨｰｨｨ02 (ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｨ 09ｨ 0709ｨ ｨｪｨ ) 0708ｨｨ 04ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｨ ｨ ｨｪ0608ｨｬｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ0602, 0108ｨｮ0006ｨｦ ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪ ｨｨｨｬ ｨｨ05ｨｹｨｪ ｨｪｨｪ ｨｰ ｨｪｨｨ02, ｨ 0601ｨｨｨｪ 09ｨ 0709ｨ ｨｪ ｨｪｨ ｨｨ ｨｬ ｨｰ0607ｨｪｨｨｨｨ ｨｨ ｨｮｨｬ ｨ 08ｨｺ02 ｨｪｨ ｨｮ06ｨｴｨｨｨｦ 0102ｨｪｨｹ 06ｨｰ ｨｪｨｨ07 09ｨｪｨｮｨｰ0802ｨｪｨｪ0609ｨｰ02ｨｦ, ｨｮｨｴ02ｨｪｨｪ0401, ｨｨ01ｨｨｨｬ06ｨｬｨｮ, 0708ｨｨ 06ｨｰ ｨｮ05ｨｹｨｰｨ ｨｰｨｮ 04ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｮｨ 05ｨｨｨｺｨｨ ｨ ｨ ｨｮ030102ｨｪ06 ｨｮ ｨｪ ｨｰ02 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｬ ｨ ｨｨｨｪ02ｨｨ0102ｨｪｨｰｨ ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0402 ｨｪｨ ｨｨ05ｨｨ09ｨｹ 09 08ｨ ｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｪ ｨｨ09ｨｺ06ｨｦ 06 ｨｪ , ﾂ ｨｨｨｪ0609ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪ02ｨ ｨｬ ｨ ｨ ｨｪ ｨｪｨｮｨｰｨｹ0907 ｨｪｨ ｨｨｨｪｨｮ. 0806ｨｪｨｰｨ ｨｺｨｰ (11) ｨｺｨ ｨ ｨｰ08ｨｮ01ｨｪｨｨｨｺｨ ｨｬｨｨ 05ｨ ｨｬｨ 0809ｨｺ06ｨｦ ｨｰｨ ｨｬ0603ｨｪｨｨ 09 ｨ ｨｰｨｮ 08ｨｮ08ｨｮｨｬ06 ﾂ ﾂ02ｨｪｨ ｨｰｨｺｨ ｨｺ06ｨｪｨｰ08ｨ ｨ ｨ ｨｪ01ｨｪ ｨ 07ｨ 08ｨｰｨｨｨｨ 0906ｨｺ ｨｨ ｨ 01ｨｺ02 ｨｪｨ 0802ｨｦ09 05ｨ ｨｬｨ 08ｨ -02ｨｮ03ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨ ｨ 00ｨ ｨ 0301ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｪｨ 05ｨｨ08ｨｨｨｨ, ｨｨ09ｨ 06ｨｴ ｨ 08ｨｪｨ ｨｮ0502, 06ｨ ｨｪｨ 08ｨｮ0302ｨｪ06 3 ｨｺ0802 ﾂ02ｨｰｨ (Falco rusticolus) ｨｨ 1 ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪ (Falco cherrug) ｨｰ ｨｰ09ｨｨ ｨｨｨｪ ｨｺ0802 ﾂ02ｨｰ ｨ ｨｦ ｨｬ ｨｨｨ 0908ｨ 04ｨｮ ｨｨ04ｨｲ07ｨｰｨｨ07, 0609ｨｰｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ ｨｰｨｨ0204 ｨ 0405ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪ ｨ ｨｬｨ 0809ｨｺｨｨｨｦ ｨ 08ｨｺ. 0308ｨｨ ｨｬ0502ｨｪｨｨｨｨ ｨ ﾂｨｨ 04ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｪ ｨｰｨｨ02 ｨ 0405ｨｨ ｨｮｨｴ02ｨｪ ｨｨｨ ｨｺｨｨ. 00 ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ, ｨｰｨ 09ｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｨ 05ｨ ｨｬｨ 0809ｨｺ ｨｰ0208ｨｨｨｪｨ 08ｨｪ ｨｪｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｨ05ｨｨ ｨｬ ﾂｨｪ04ｨｦ ｨｺｨ 08ｨ ｨｪｨｰｨｨｨｪ ｨｪｨ 05ｨ ｨｬｨ 0809ｨｺｨｨｨｦ ｨ 08ｨｺ, 0708ｨｨｨｪ070903ｨｨｨｦ 07ｨｰｨｨ ｨｰ02- ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｬ ｨ ｨｺ06ｨｪ00ｨｨ09ｨｺ0609ｨ ｨｪｨｪ ｨｰｨｨ ｨｨ09ｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨｹ 09 ｨｪ02ｨ 05ｨ ｨｨ07ｨｰｨｪ0401 ｨｮ ｨｨ ｨｪｨｰ080605ｨｹ 04ｨ ｨｨ ｨｰ0607ｨｪｨｨ02ｨｬ 0609ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ ｨｨ 0906ｨｰ08ｨｮ01ｨｪｨｨｨｺｨｨ 0002ｨｪｨｰ08ｨ ｨｦ09ｨｰ09ｨｨ ｨ 05ｨｹ09ｨｺ06ｨｦ 05ｨｺ ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺ06ｨｦ 0902ｨｰｨｨ03 (00. 05ｨ ｨｬｨ 08ｨ ) ｨｨ 0002ｨｪｨｰ08ｨ 0802ｨ ｨ ｨｨ05ｨｨｨｰｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ 01ｨｨｨｴｨｪ ｨｰｨｨ02 ( ｨｹ07ｨｪ060909ｨｺ). 00 ｨｪｨ 09ｨｰ0607ｨｴ ｨｬ ｨｺ ｨ ｨｪ ｨｪｨｰ ｨ 0902ｨｪｨｨ07 01ｨｨｨｺｨｨ01 03ｨｨ0906ｨｰｨｪ0401 ( ｨｺ09ｨ ) ｨｨ, ｨｰ0902ｨｰ09ｨｰ09ｨｨｨｨ 09 07ｨｨ09ｨｹｨｬ02ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｬ 08ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02ｨｬ 04ｨ ｨｬ0209ｨｰｨｨｨｰ ｨｮｨｺ ｨｨｨｰ ｨｨ080601ｨｪｨ ｨ ｨｨｨｰ , 07ｨｰｨｨ ｨ ｨ ｨｨ05ｨｨｨｰｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ ｨｪ04 ｨ 04ｨｰｨｹ ｨ ｨｴ02ｨｪ ｨｨｨｺｨｮ ｨｨ080601ｨｮ. 0806ｨｪｨｰｨ ｨｺｨｰ (12). ers alone. In the course of investigations It was known that amongst arrested individuals 2 person were Russians (from Novosibirsk and Bogradskiy region of the Republic of Khakasia), 7 ｨC Syrians and a person was from Iran, of all detainees only one spoke Russian. Except falcons the numerous pigeons and instruments for catching ｨC 3 packages (more than one hundred) waistcoats with loops. The falcons were brought to the Abakan Zoo, where three from four were released on the 2 October. Health of two birds at the time of detention (Saker and Peregrine Falcon) was normal, one Saker had tail plumage powerfully damaged, but other Peregrine Falcon was very weak and died in the zoo because internal damages that he had gotten probably under catching, the next day. As the result of the arrest the Ministry of Inners of the Republic of Khakasia brought a criminal action. The all detainees were in Abakan under the prohibition to depart during a month after the incident, after foreigners had a permission to return to the native land. Contact (11). Employees of Samara customs in the airport Kurumoch have stopped an attempt of illegal export of a party of falcons on the 6 December Three Gyrfalcons (Falco rusticolus) and a Saker (Falco cherrug) were found in the baggage of a person of Syria living in Barnaul at the moment of his boarding on the flight Samara-Dushanbe. A criminal action has been brought against smugglers. The investigation is running. One Gyrfalcon of white morph was died after detention at once; other birds were brought to the Samara Zoo. At the bringing of confiscated birds were made several mistakes. In particular officials of the Service of Veterinary Control have imposed a monthly quarantine on the Samara Zoo that accepted birds. Within a month confiscated birds were kept in disadvantage conditions. The employees of the Volga-Ural ECONET Assistance Center (Samara) and the Center for Rehabilitation of Raptors (Ulyanovsk) controlled condition of these birds. At present time the falcons have been brought in the Center of Wild Animal Rescue (Moscow), and following the notice of the deputy leader of the Federal Service of Supervision in Nature Management O. Mitvol after rehabilitations birds must be released back into the wild. Contact (12).

12 ｨｪｨ ｨｰ ｨｨｨｴｨｪｨｨｨｺｨｨ ｨｨ ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ 2007, ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｰ ｨｨｨｴｨｪｨｨｨｺ0609 Raptors1 7 Conservation ｧｰｧｷｧｲｧ ｧｯｧ 1 7ｧｱｧｦｧｲｧｯｧ ｧｴｧｽｧｷ1 7ｧｷｧｪｧｻｧｯｧｪｧｬｧｰｧ Falcon1 7trade1 7on1 7the1 7border1 7of1 7ages:1 7myths1 7and1 7facts ｧｳｧｰｧｬｧｰｧｭｧｪｧｯｧｽｧｫ1 7ｧ ｧｪｧｩｧｯｧｦｧｳ1 7ｧｯｧ 1 7ｧｲｧｵｧ ｧｦｧｨｧｦ1 7ｧ ｧｦｧｬｧｰｧ :1 7ｧｮｧｪｧｶｧｽ1 7ｧｪ1 7ｧｶｧ ｧｬｧｴｧｽ Nikolenko1 7E.G.1 7(Siberian1 7Environmental1 7Center,1 7Novosibirsk,1 7Russia) Karyakin1 7I.V.1 7(Center1 7for1 7Field1 7Studies,1 7N.1 7Novgorod,1 7Russia) ｧｯｧﾚ1 7ｧ爰ﾝｧﾖｧﾟ1 7ｧ焙1 7ｧｿ.ｧ.1 7(ｧｮｧ ｧｰｧｰ1 700ｧｳｧﾚｧﾒｧﾚｧ筴繖1 7ｧﾚｧﾛ1 7ｧ1 7ｧ爰ﾝｧ焙1 7ｧﾚｧ鬧ﾖｧ繖1 7ｧﾚｧﾛ1 7ｧ隗ﾖｧﾟｧ荅竅03,1 7ｧｯｧ爰ﾓｧ爰罘ﾚｧﾒｧﾚｧ筴繖1 7,1 7ｧｲｧ爰罘罘ﾚｧ) ｧｬｧﾑｧ筴1 7ｧﾚｧﾟ1 7ｧｪ.ｧ.1 7(ｧｸｧﾖｧﾟｧ荅邃1 7ｧ皎爰ﾝｧﾖｧﾓｧｧ辟1 7ｧﾚｧ罘罘ﾝｧﾖｧﾕｧ爰ﾓｧﾑｧﾟｧﾚｧﾛ,1 7ｧｯ.1 7ｧｯｧ爰ﾓ1 7ｧ爰筴爰ﾕ,1 7ｧｲｧ爰罘罘ﾚｧ) 0806ｨｪｨｰｨ ｨｺｨｰ: 0605ｨｹ09ｨｨ08ｨ 01ｨｨｨｺ060502ｨｪｨｺ ｨｨｨ ｨｨ0809ｨｺｨｨｨｦ 05ｨｺ ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨｨｦ 0202ｨｪｨｰ ｨｨ ｨｨｨ ｨｨ0809ｨｺ, ｨ / ｨｰ0205./00ｨ ｨｺ09: +7 (383) nikolenko@ecoclub.nsu.ru ｨｹ 08ｨ 0807ｨｺｨｨｨｪ 0002ｨｪｨｰ ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｦ ｨｨ07 01ｨｨ03ｨｪｨｨｨｦ ｨｮ ｨｪｨｺ06, 17a-17 ｨｰ0205.: +7 (8312) ikar_research@mail.ru Contact: Elvira Nikolenko NGO Siberian Environmental Center P.O. Box 547 Novosibirsk Russia tel./fax: +7 (383) nikolenko@ecoclub.nsu.ru Igor Karyakin Center of Field Studies Korolenko str., 17a-17 Nizhniy Novgorod Russia tel.: +7 (8312) ikar_research@mail.ru ｨｪｨｨ02 02ｨ ｨｴ0209ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ0602 ｨｬｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ ｨｺ0605ｨｨｨｪ06ｨｬ ｨ ｨｨ04ｨｪ ｨｪｨｨｨｰ ｨｨ ｨｨｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨｰ ｨ ｨｪ ｨｨ ｨｬｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪ ｨｪ0609ｨｪ06ｨｬ 07ｨｮｨ 05ｨｨｨｺｨ 02ｨｨ07ｨｬｨｨ , ｨｪｨｨ07 09 ｨｺ06ｨｰ , ｨｺｨ ｨｺ 0708ｨ 09ｨｨ0506, ｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｪ04 ｨｨ05ｨｨ 09 ｨｺ0608ｨｪ02 ｨｪ ｨｪ ｨｬ ｨｪ02 ｨｬ02ｨｪ0202, 0906ｨｺ0605ｨｨｨｪ04ｨｦ ｨ ｨｨ04ｨｪ ｨｨｨｨ ｨｮ0302 ｨ ｨｰｨｨ 0502ｨｰ ｨ ｨｺｨｰｨｨ09ｨｪ06 08ｨ 0409ｨｨ09ｨ 02ｨｰ0907, ｨｨｨｬ0202ｨｰ ｨｨ09ｨｰ0608ｨｨ06, ｨｰ02ｨｪ0102ｨｪ02ｨｨｨｨ ｨｨ 04ｨ ｨｬ02ｨｰｨｪ ｨｨ07ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｪｨ ｨｰ0607ｨｪｨｨ ｨｮ050702ｨｨｨｦ 0906ｨｺ ｨｹ06 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ06ｨｦ 09ｨｰｨ ｨｰｨｹｨｨ ｨｰ0907 ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｰｨｺ ｨｨ09ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｨ09ｨｰ0608ｨｨｨｨ 09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ ｨｪｨｨ07, ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｨ ｨｪ ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｰｨ ｨｴ02ｨｦ 0906ｨｺ0605ｨｨｨｪ ｨ ｨｨ04ｨｪ0209ｨ, 09ｨｰ08ｨｮｨｺｨｰｨｮ ｨｪｨｺｨ, 0202ｨｪ, ｨｬ02ｨｰ ｨｰ050609ｨ, ｨｺｨｨ ｨｨ ｨ 0906ｨｺ ｨｬ0603ｨｪ06, 04ｨｪｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ06ｨｦ 09ｨｨｨｰｨｮｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ 0706ｨｬ060302ｨｰ ｨｨｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨｰｨ ｨｬ ｨ ｨｺｨｰｨｨ09ｨｪ ｨ ｨｪ07ｨｰｨｹ ｨｨｨｦ09ｨｺｨｨ ｨｺ , ｨｪｨ 0708ｨ 09ｨｨ09 08ｨ 0409ｨｨｨｰｨｨ ｨｺ0605ｨｨｨｪ ｨ ｨｨ04ｨｪ0209ｨ 09 04ｨ ｨｺ06ｨｪｨｪ0602 ｨｨ ｨｮ0708ｨ ｨｬ ｨｮ ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0605ｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0605ｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨｰ0907 ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｹ06 ｨｺｨｮ05ｨｹｨｰｨｮ08ｨｪ ｨｪｨ ｨｨ07 ｨｬｨｪ0600ｨｨ01 ｨｪｨ , ｨｨ ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪｨｪ06 05ｨｰ ｨｨｨｰ ｨｪ ｨｬｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｬｨｨ ｨｺ0605ｨｨｨｪ ｨｪｨｺｨ ｨｨｨｨ ｨ 0600ｨ ｨｰ02ｨｦ03ｨ 07 ｨｨ09ｨｰ0608ｨｨ ｨｺ0605ｨｨｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｰ04 00ｨ ｨｺｨｰｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨ 04ｨ ｨｺ06ｨｪ ﾂｨｨ05ｨ 09ｨｹ 02ｨｴ00 09 XIX 0902ｨｺ02, 04ｨ ｨｨｨｨ. 09ｨｨ03ｨｹ 09 70ｨC XX 0902ｨｺｨ, ｨｬｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02ｨｬ ｨｮ09ｨｰ06ｨｦ- ﾂｨｨ ｨｪｨｺｨ 0906ｨｺ ｨ 08ｨ ｨ 09ｨｺｨｨ01 09ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪｨ 01, ｨｨｨｨ 09ｨｰｨ 05ｨｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｪｨｨｨｺｨｨ, ｨ 0605ｨｹ03ｨ 07 ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｹ ｨｺ06ｨｰ ｨ 0405ｨ 0608ｨｨ02ｨｪｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｪ02 ｨｪｨ ｨｰｨｮ ｨｺ0605ｨ ｨｬｨｨ, ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｨ01 06ｨｰ050609, ｨｺｨｮ ｨｨ ｨｰｨ 09ｨｺｨｮ 09 ｨ 08ｨ ｨ 09ｨｺｨｨ02 09ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪ04. 06ｨｪｨｰ ｨｺ 0906ｨｺ0605ｨｨｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｰ ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｨ0109ｨｺ ｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨ ｨｺ ｨｺ06ｨｪ0202 Introduction The main part of ornithologists and environmentalists don ｯt have enough information about falcon trade in the world that makes the struggle against illegal trade of falcons difficult. The main aim of the paper is making a short report about falcon trade: structure, prices and methods of catching and transporting of falcons. Renaissance of falconry has started since 1970-s in Gulf States where it is a great cultural tradition. The main species of birds used for hunting are the large falcons ｨC the Peregrine Falcon (Falco peregrinus), Saker (Falco cherrug), Gyrfalcon (Falco rusticolus), that breeding ranges are located far from the territory of Arab States. Export and import of falcons Iran, Pakistan, China and Mongolia are the main legal exporters of falcons now. Some number of falcons is exported from Afghanistan, Egypt, Syria and Libya. Single supplies are registered from Iraq and Morocco. (Fox et al., 2003). Russia also exported sakers last 10 years, but the portion of it in world trade was insignificant. However a large number of Russian wild sakers go on Arab markets because the main part of they is caught during migrations. And Russia is the monopolist in a trade of gyrfalcons, but this trade is illicit. Following some estimates near 5000ｨC5500 falcons are imported in the Gulf States every year, but only a half of they is legal. (Fedotkin, Sorokin, 2006). However according to falcon receiving into falcon hospitals annual import is no less than 9000 birds (Fox et al., 2003).

13 13Raptors Conservation Raptors Conservation 2007, ﾂｨｨｨｦ ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪ (Falco cherrug). 0806ｨｰ ｨｬ020507ｨｪ09ｨｺ Hunting Saker (Falco cherrug). Photo by I. Smelansky ｨｨ 09 ｨｮ09ｨｰ06ｨｦ ﾂｨｨ0904ｨｬ 05ｨｺ06ｨｪ06ｨｬｨｨ- ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨｨｬ ｨｰ06ｨｬ ｨ 00ｨ ｨｺｨｰｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨ 04ｨ ｨｪ ｨｬｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪ06ｨｺ 0906ｨｺ , 0708ｨ 09ｨｨ05ｨ ｨｺ06ｨｰ ｨｨｨｺｨｰ0609ｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨｹ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07ｨｬｨｨ 0302ｨｦ ｨ 02ｨｪｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ ｨｪｨｺｨ 09 ｨｰ06ｨｬ, ﾂｨｰ ｨｪ0609ｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｨｨｪｨｰ ｨｰ0907 ｨｺ ｨｺ08ｨｮ07ｨｪ04ｨｬ 0906ｨｺ0605ｨ ｨｬ ｨC 09ｨ 0709ｨ ｨｪｨｮ (Falco peregrinus), ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｮ (Falco cherrug) ｨｨ ｨｺ0802 ﾂ02ｨｰｨｮ (Falco rusticolus), ｨｰ.02. ｨｺ 09ｨｨ01ｨ ｨｬ, 00ｨｪ ｨｦ ｨ 0802ｨ 05 ｨｺ06ｨｰ ｨｪｨ ｨｨｨｰ ｨ ｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨ 08ｨ ｨ 09ｨｺｨｨ01 09ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪ. 05ｨ ｨｬ06ｨｦ ﾂｨｨｨｰｨ 02ｨｬ06ｨｦ 07ｨｰｨｨ0202ｨｦ ｨｰ0907 ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪ ﾂ02ｨｰ ｨｪ0609ｨｨｨｰ ｨｮ ｨｨ07 03ｨｨ04ｨｪｨｨ 09 07ｨｮ09ｨｰ04ｨｪ02, ｨ 09ｨ 0709ｨ ｨｪ ｨｪ02 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ ｨ 08ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 06ｨ ｨｲ02ｨｺｨｰ04 ｨｰ08ｨ 01ｨｨ02ｨｨ06ｨｪｨｪ06ｨｦ 0106ｨ 04 ﾂｨｨ ｨ 08ｨ ｨ 09ｨｺｨｨ ｨｰｨｪｨｨｨｺ0609 ( ｨ -ｨｺ08ｨ 0906ｨｰｨｺｨ Chlamydotis undulata ｨｨ 04ｨ 0702-ｨｰ0605ｨ ｨｦ Lepus tolai) ｨｨ04-04ｨ ｨｨｨｪ06ｨｦ 09ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｰ0200ｨｨｨｨ ｨｰｨｪｨｨ ﾂｨｹ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｰ06ｨｬｨｮ ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪｨｪ06 ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪ ｨｹ04ｨｮ02ｨｰ0907 ｨｪｨ ｨｨｨ 0605ｨｹ03ｨｨｨｬ ｨｬ. 06ｨｺ ｨｰ ｨｨ ｨｨｨｬ070608ｨｰ 0906ｨｺ ｨｺ06ｨｪ ｨｺ0605ｨｨｨｪ ｨｪｨｺｨｨ ｨｰｨ 05ｨｨ ｨ 08ｨ ｨ 09ｨｺｨｨ01 09ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪｨ 01, 09ｨｺ0506- ﾂｨ , ｨｨ09ｨ 0903ｨｨ ｨｪ0609ｨｪ04ｨｬｨｨ 05ｨｺ ｨｰ0008ｨ ｨｬｨｨ 0906ｨｺ ｨｰ06ｨｰ ｨｨ0601 ｨ 0405ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ, 03ｨ ｨｺｨｨ09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ ｨｨ 0608ｨ ｨｪ, 0708ｨｨ- ﾂ00ｨｬ ｨｪｨｨ02 09ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪ ｨｰｨ ｨｨ 0906ｨｺ ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ ｨｹｨｺ06 03ｨ ｨｺｨｨ09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ ｨｪ ｨｨ05 06ｨｺ ｨｺ (Riddle, Remple, 1994), ｨｨｨｬｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ06 ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪ0609, 0708ｨｨ ｨｰ06ｨｬ, ﾂｨｰ06 ﾂｨｨ090502ｨｪｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ ｨｦ 00ｨｪ ｨｴ02ｨｦ ｨ ｨｺｨｨ09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ09ｨｺ06ｨｦ ｨｮ050702ｨｨｨｨ ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｪｨｨ09ｨ 05ｨ 09ｨｹ ｨ 08 (Clarke, ｨｺ09 ｨｨ 0108., 2003). 09ｨｨ01ｨｨ080609ｨ 0903ｨｨｨｦ ｨｰｨ 09ｨｺｨ ｨｺ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ 0708ｨ ｨｺｨｰｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨ ｨ 05 ｨｨ ｨｺ0605ｨｨｨｪ ｨ ｨｨ04ｨｪ0209ｨ ｨ 04ｨｰｨｨｨｦ ｨｪｨｰ07ｨ ｨｪｨ 09ｨｰ0607ｨｴ ｨｬ ｨｪ0609ｨｪ04ｨｬｨｨ ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ04ｨｬｨｨ ｨｰｨ 09ｨｴｨｨｨｺｨ ｨｬｨｨ 0906ｨｺ (ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ, 09ｨ 0709ｨ ｨｪｨ, 03ｨ 01ｨｨｨｪｨ (Falco pelegrinoides) ｨC 0708ｨｨ ｨ ｨ ｨｰｨｪ06ｨｬ 0106ｨｬｨｨｨｪｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｨ ) ｨｰ ｨ ｨｪ, 03ｨ ｨｺｨｨ09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ, 08ｨｨｨｰｨ ｨｦ ｨｨ 0006ｨｪ000605ｨｨ ｨｺ06ｨｰ ｨｺ0605ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｰ ｨｺ ｨｰｨｮ07ｨ 02ｨｰ ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ09ｨｰｨ ｨｪｨ, 0300ｨｨ07ｨｰｨ, 05ｨｨ08ｨｨｨｨ ｨｨ 09ｨｨ09ｨｨｨｨ. 0301ｨｨｨｪｨｨ ﾂｨｪ ｨｰｨ 09ｨｺｨｨ ｨｨ ｨｰｨｪ04 ｨｨ ｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｨ 00ｨ 0806ｨｺｨｺ06 (0806ｨｺ09 ｨｨ 0108., 2003) ｨｰｨ 09ｨｺｨｨ 0906ｨｺ ｨｨ04 08ｨ 04ｨ 0109ｨｰｨ ｨｪｨ, 0704ｨ 02ｨｺｨｨ09ｨｰｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｨ ｨｨｨｨ ｨｮｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｪｨｪ06ｨｦ 0904ｨ 0608ｨｺ02 ｨｪ ｨｰｨ ｨｪ ｨｰ06ｨｦ 0708ｨｨ ﾂｨｨｨｪ02, ﾂｨｰ06 05ｨｺ ｨｰ ｨｨ04 05ｨｰｨｨ01 09ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪ 0905ｨｨ03ｨｺ06ｨｬ ｨｬｨ 05, 0106ｨｰ ｨｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｰ ｨｮ050708ｨｪ ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ ｨｰｨ ｨ ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪ ｨｬ ｨｪ02 ｨｬ02ｨｪ0202, ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪ0609, Thus there is destructive using of the resource. And no country-exporter has a special state program for managing, protecting and recovering that resource. History of illegal catching of Russian falcons The European population of sakers in Russia was crushed due to the intensive catching of birds during wintering in Egypt, Libya and Syria at the end of 1970-s. After crushing trappers especially Syrians begun to catch birds on the territory of other countries including Russia. The first stream of bird traffic from Russia was at the end of 1980-s and was not being more than 4 year. That time near a thousand of birds was exported from Russia every year, and the deaths of bird were accident. But mass-media had been involved in the problem of falcon trade in 1990-s. Different reports about absurd prices on falcons were appeared in newspapers and TV, for a sensational report some journalists told about 50ｨC100 thousands USD for a falcon After such information poor local people started to harvest nests of all raptors: from kestrels to Sea Eagles. Damage for falcon populations was maximal that time and smugglers were frequently arrested on Russian customs. The falcons trade 00has gone underground03 after 2000, when only professional trappers have continued to run the 00falcon business03 enlisting support of influential persons in Russia: 1. trappers who catch falcons for a sale on falcon markets or resale to smugglers having stable channels for falcon export 2. trappers who catch falcons just on sheik orders 3. trappers who work in captive centers The first persons are the Russians contacting with falcon dealers for exporting from the country or Arabians (mainly Syrians) coming into Russia with special organized invitations, catching and transporting birds to a final buyer themselves. Price for a bird from Russian trappers ranges from 100 to 500 USD, from Arabians ｨC from 500 to 3000 USD that depending on commercial attractiveness of a bird. The second group of trappers is Arabians (mainly Syrians) coming into Russia with special organized invitations. A number of exported birds is usually no more than 20ｨC30. That trappers give a payment which can be more than tens thousands USD if a bird is very attractive

14 ｨｪｨ ｨｰ ｨｨｨｴｨｪｨｨｨｺｨｨ ｨｨ ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ 2007, ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｰ ｨｨｨｴｨｪｨｨｨｺ ｨｪ ｨｴｨｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｨｨｦ09ｨｺ06ｨｦ ｨｰ020808ｨｨｨｰ0608ｨｨｨｨ, 09 06ｨ ｨｴ02ｨｦ ｨｺ ｨｰｨ 0906ｨｺ ｨｺｨ, ｨｰ.ｨｺ. 0609ｨｪ0609ｨｪｨ 07 ｨｬｨ 0909ｨ ｨｨｨｦ09ｨｺｨｨ01 07ｨｰｨｨ ｨｨｨｰ0907 ｨｪｨ ｨｬｨｨ0008ｨ 02ｨｨ ｨｰｨ 09ｨｺｨ 01 ｨｺ0802 ﾂ02ｨｰｨ ｨｨ ｨｰ0907, ｨｮｨｰｨｨ, ｨｬ06ｨｪ ｨｨ09ｨｰ06ｨｬ, 0708ｨｨ 05ｨｰ06ｨｬ ｨｰｨｨ ｨｰ0907 ｨｪ ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ ｨｪ0609ｨｪ04ｨｬｨｨ ｨｨｨｬ070608ｨｰ0008ｨ ｨｬｨｨ 0706ｨｦｨｬｨ ｨｪｨｪ ｨｨ ｨｺ ｨｰ ｨ ｨｮ ｨｺｨ ｨ 09ｨｨ07, 08ｨ ｨｰｨ 08, 09ｨ ｨｦｨｪ, 08ｨｮ0902ｨｦｨｰ ｨｨ (0806ｨｺ09 ｨｨ 0108., 2003) ｨｪ02ｨｺ06ｨｰ060804ｨｬ ｨｪｨｺｨ ｨｬ 09 09ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪ ｨｨ0109ｨｺ ｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨ ｨｪ ｨｨｨｰ ｨC ｨｺ ｨｺ ｨｨｨｪ04 ｨｨ04 ｨｪｨｨ01 ｨｨｨｬ0206ｨｰ ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ ｨｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 (ｨｨ04 ｨｪｨｨ01 06ｨｺ ｨ 02ｨｦ ｨｰｨｮ07ｨ 06ｨｰ ｨｨ04 07ｨｨｨｰ06ｨｬｨｪｨｨｨｺ0609 ｨｨ 500 ｨC ｨ 02ｨｦ 06ｨｰ05ｨ 0905ｨｨ09ｨ 06ｨｰ ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07ｨｬ), 0609ｨｰｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ ｨC ｨｰｨｨ02 ｨｪ0204ｨ ｨｺ06ｨｪｨｪ06 06ｨｰ05ｨ 0905ｨｨ09ｨ 06ｨｰ0907 ｨｪｨ ｨｬ0209ｨｰｨ 01 00ｨｪ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｰ02 ｨｨ ｨｰ0907 ｨｺ06ｨｪｨｰ08ｨ ｨ ｨ ｨｪ01ｨｪ04ｨｬ 07ｨｮｨｰ00ｨｬ ( ｨｰｨｺｨｨｨｪ, ｨｺｨｨｨｪ, 2006). 0602ｨｬ ｨｪ02 ｨｬ02ｨｪ0202, 05ｨｰｨｨ 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ0302ｨｪ04, ｨｰ.ｨｺ. ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 ｨ ｨｪｨ 05ｨｨ ｨｰｨｮ070502ｨｪｨｨｨｦ 0906ｨｺ ｨｺ0605ｨｨｨｪ ｨｨｨｰｨ 05ｨｨ ｨ 00ｨ 02ｨｰ ｨｪ04ｨｦ ｨｨｨｬ070608ｨｰ ｨｪ02 ｨｬ02ｨｪ ｨｰｨｨ02 (0806ｨｺ09 ｨｨ 0108., 2003). 0200ｨｨ02ｨｨｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ ｨ ｨｪｨｪ ｨｨ0302ｨｪｨｨ ｨｺ ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｨ0109ｨｺ ｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨ 0706 ｨ 0605ｨｹ0302ｨｦ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｨ ｨｪ ｨｰｨｮ07ｨｪ ｨ ｨｪ ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0402 ｨ 0405ｨｨ ｨｮ ﾂ02ｨｪ04 05ｨｨ03ｨｹ ｨｪｨ ｨｴｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｨ 08ｨ ｨ 06 ﾂ02ｨｦ 0008ｨｮ ｨｬ0208ｨ ｨｬ 0708ｨｨｨｪｨｮ030102ｨｪｨｨ ｨ 05ｨ 09ｨｰｨｨ ｨｰ ｨｨ 0906ｨｺ0605ｨ ｨｬｨｨ (21 ｨC 23 ｨｪ0607ｨ , 08ｨ ｨｮ-02ｨ ｨ ｨｨ, ) ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ04ｨｦ ｨｨｨｬ070608ｨｰ 0906ｨｺ ｨｨｨｬ0202ｨｰ 06ｨｰ ﾂ00ｨｰ05ｨｨ09ｨｮ06 ｨｰ02ｨｪ0102ｨｪ02ｨｨ06 ｨｺ ｨｰｨｮ: ｨｪ ｨ 02ｨｦ, ｨC 2714, ｨC ｨ ｨ ｨｪ04 ｨｪ0209ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 07ｨ 08ｨｰｨｨｨｦ 0906ｨｺ : ｨC ｨ 02ｨｦ, ｨC 17 ｨｨ ｨC ｨｨ ﾂｨｨｨｪｨ ｨｬｨｨ 04ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｰ ｨｰ09ｨｮｨｰ09ｨｰ09ｨｨ ｨｺｨｮｨｬ02ｨｪｨｰ , ｨｨ01 ｨｪ ｨｪ ｨｬ0502ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｨ05ｨｨ 00ｨ 05ｨｹ09ｨｨ00ｨｨｨｺｨ 02ｨｨ ｨ ｨｺ06ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ ｨｨ04 ｨ ｨｰ ｨｨｨｬ0208ｨｪ ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪ, ｨｨ ｨｺ06ｨｰ ｨｺ0605ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｰ09ｨｮ 04ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｪ ｨｰｨｨ ｨｰ ｨ 02ｨｺｨｨ09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ, 08ｨ 04ｨ 0109ｨｰｨ ｨｪ, 0006ｨｪ000605ｨｨ07, 06ｨ 0103ｨｨｨｺｨｨ09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ ( ｨｨｨｦ09ｨｺｨ ｨ 02ｨｨ ｨｰ06ｨｬ 0907ｨｨ09ｨｺ02 06ｨｰ09ｨｮｨｰ09ｨｰ09ｨｮ02ｨｰ) ｨｨ ｨｬｨｮ ｨｰｨ 09ｨｮ 09 04ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｪ ｨ 08ｨｰｨｨ ｨ 05ｨ 01ｨ 02ｨｰ ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪ (43%) ｨｨ ｨｺ0802 ﾂ02ｨｰ (15%), 0708ｨｨ ﾂ00ｨｬ ｨｪｨｨｨｦ ｨｪ02 00ｨｪ020401ｨｨｨｰ0907 ｨｪｨｨ ｨｪ06ｨｦ 09ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪ02, 06ｨｰｨｺｨｮ01ｨ ｨｨ ｨｨ05ｨｨ 05ｨｰｨｨ 07ｨ 08ｨｰｨｨｨｨ 07ｨｰｨｨ ｨｰｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ % 04ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｪ ｨｰｨｨ ｨｨ010601ｨｨｨｰ0907 ｨｪｨ 0906ｨｺ , ｨｨｨｬ0206ｨｴｨｨ01 ｨｬｨ 05ｨｮ06 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨｬ0208 ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｮ ｨｨ090502ｨｺｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ ｨC 09ｨ 0709ｨ ｨｪ, 03ｨ 01ｨｨｨｪ, 05ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0208, 05ｨ 0000ｨ 08 ｨｨ ｨｬ0205ｨｺｨｨ ｨｺ0605ｨ. 01ｨ 05ｨｨ ｨ ｨｺｨｰ 01ｨｨｨｴｨｪｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺ ｨｨ ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｮ0809ｨ 0906ｨｺ ｨｨ 05ｨｰ06ｨｬ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｪ06ｨｦ 09ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪ02-05ｨｺ ｨｰ ｨ ｨｺｨｰｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨ ｨｪ02ｨｰ ｨｮ01ｨ 0809ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ ｨ ｨｬｨｬ ｨｨ ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07, ｨ ｨｪ04 ｨｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｪ ｨｪｨｨ07 05ｨｰ ｨｮ0809ｨ. for a sheik. However the market price of such bird is not more than 3000 USD. The third category of trappers ｨC is mainly Russians, catching birds for different illegal or legal nurseries of falcon centers as breeding stock. Many of they are ornithologists and run captive-breeding and sale of falcons. This category of catchers inflicts a minimum damage for wild populations. Prices The average price of a Gyrfalcon female is 2000ｨC3000 USD for a final buyer, a Saker female costs 1000ｨC2000 USD. Females of Altai sakers of dark or pale morph are sold as females of Gyrs. The average price of birds without special individual signs (color of plumage, size and etc.) is 500 USD. It is myth that price of a bird is 40ｨC100 thousands USD. Import changing of caught species Gyrfalcon (Falco rusticolus) Gyrs are very popular among Arabian falconers, under desert condition birds are died quickly. Import of Gyrs in Gulf States was highest at the end of 1980-s ｨC the begging of 1990-s, after that the portion of Gyrs in the falcon trade rapidly decreased. However as a result of establishing the system of captive-breeding demand for Gyrs as producers of hybrids has increased once again since Saker Falcon (Falco cherrug) The Saker always was the main and preferable falcon for Arab falconry. Now the portion of sakers (including hybrids) in falcon import into Arab States is about 80 %. The main importer of falcons is Saudi Arabia which imports near 4000 sakers every year. Import of UAE, Bahrain and Kuwait ranges from 500 to 1000 birds every year. Including 5% of death-rate Gulf States import about 6825ｨC8400 sakers every year 93% of which are females mainly young (about 70%) (Fox et al., 2003). Peregrine Falcon (Falco peregrinus) Import of Peregrine Falcons is less than 1% of all falcons imported in Gulf State. More than 90% of which are the females of tundra subspecies (F. p. callidus), inhabiting Siberia (Taimyr Peninsula, Kamchatka). Catching of falcons from Taimyr during wintering in Middle Asia was confirmed by the microchip returning (Eastham et al. 2000).

15 13Raptors Conservation Raptors Conservation 2007, ｨｰ0608ｨｨ07 ｨｪ ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ ｨ ｨｨｨｦ09ｨｺｨｨ ｨｺ ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｪ06 ｨｪｨ ｨｺ06ｨｪ ｨｨ010601ｨｨｨｰ0907 ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｮ050702ｨｨｨｦ ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｦ09ｨｺ06ｨｦ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｨ ｨｨｨｨ, ｨｺ06ｨｰ060804ｨｦ ｨｬｨｪ0600ｨｨ ｨｨｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨｰ ｨ 06ｨｰ 09 ｨｨｨｪｨｰ02ｨｪ09ｨｨ09ｨｪ04ｨｬ 06ｨｰ ｨｬ 07ｨｰｨｨ02 ｨｪｨ 04ｨｨｨｬ0609ｨｺｨ ｨｨ07ｨｰ02, 05ｨｨ08ｨｨｨｨ ｨｨ 09ｨｨ09ｨｨｨｨ. 05ｨ 15-ｨｰｨｨ 0502ｨｰｨｪｨｨｨｦ ｨｨ ｨｨ08ｨｨ07 ｨｨ ｨｪ0609ｨｪ ｨｰｨ 09ｨｴｨｨｨｺ0609 ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪ0609 ｨｪｨ ｨ 08ｨ ｨ 09ｨｺｨｨ ｨｪｨｺｨｨ ｨｬ0209ｨｰｨｨ05ｨ 09ｨｹ ｨｪｨ 0601ｨｪ06 ｨｨ ｨｪｨｨ01 ｨｬ0209ｨｰ ｨｨ 09ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪ-05ｨｺ ｨｰ ｨｨ 09 ｨｨ09 ﾂ0204ｨｪ060902ｨｪｨｨ02ｨｬ ｨｬ0209ｨｰｨｪ06ｨｦ 04ｨｨｨｬｨｮ06ｨｴ02ｨｦ ｨｮ050702ｨｨｨｨ. 06ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｪ06 09ｨｨ08ｨｨｨｦ09ｨｺｨｨ , ｨｮ ﾂｨｨ0903ｨｨ ｨｬｨｪ04ｨｦ ｨｰ 09 06ｨｰ ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｦ ｨｰ020808ｨｨｨｰ0608ｨｨｨｨ, 09 01ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ02ｨｦ0302ｨｬ 09ｨｰｨ 05ｨｨ ｨ ｨｨ09ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｰ020808ｨｨｨｰ0608ｨｨｨｨ 0108ｨｮ00ｨｨ ｨｮ01ｨ 0809ｨｰ09, 09 ｨｰ06ｨｬ ﾂｨｨ ｨｨ ｨｨｨｨ. 00 ｨｺ06ｨｪ , ｨｺ060001ｨ ｨｨ ｨｨｨｨ ｨｪ ｨｨ050609ｨｹ 0106 ｨｰ ﾂｨｨ 07ｨｰｨｨ02, ｨｪ ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ04ｨｦ 0906ｨｺ0605ｨｨｨｪ04ｨｦ ｨ ｨｨ04ｨｪ ｨｮ ﾂｨｨ ｨ 09ｨｺｨｮ. 00 ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ ｨｪ0609ｨｰ ｨｮ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｨ0903ｨｨ ｨｮ ﾂｨ ｨｨ 04ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｺ06ｨｪｨｰ08ｨ ｨ ｨ ｨｪ01ｨｨ09ｨｰ ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｪｨｨｨｺ ｨ 05ｨｨ ｨｪｨｮ 07ｨｮｨ 05ｨｨｨｺｨ 02ｨｨｨｦ , ｨ ｨｰ0902ｨｰ09ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ ｨｮ08ｨｪｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨｰ04, ｨｨ01ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｬｨ ｨｰ0208ｨｨｨ 05ｨｮ ｨｪ02ｨｺ06ｨｰ060806ｨｦ 0902ｨｪ09ｨ 02ｨｨ06ｨｪｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ, 06ｨ 0704ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ06 ｨｮｨｺｨ ｨ 05ｨｨ 0202ｨｪｨｮ 0906ｨｺ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｰ-09ｨｰ06 ｨｰ ﾂ ｨ ｨｬ0208ｨｨｨｺｨ ｨｪ09ｨｺｨｨ ｨ ｨ ｨ ｨｹ. 00 ｨｮ ｨｨ0701 ｨｰ06ｨｰｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｪｨｨｨｴ02ｨｰ ｨｹ09ｨｺ ｨｪｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 05ｨｰｨｨ 07ｨｮｨ 05ｨｨｨｺｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ ｨ 05ｨｨ ｨｺ ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪｨｮ ｨｪｨｮ ｨ ｨｺ02ｨｨ06, ｨｨ ｨ 01 ｨｺ ｨｬ040905ｨｮ 0906ｨｺ ｨｺ0506 ﾂｨｨ05ｨｨ09ｨｹ 0003ｨｨ0806ｨｺｨｨ02 ｨｬｨ ｨｨｨｦ09ｨｺ ｨｪｨ ｨｪｨｨ07, ｨｨｨｬ0206ｨｴｨｨ ｨｹｨｬｨ 01ｨ 0500ｨｺ ｨｰｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｺ0605ｨ ｨ ｨｨ09ｨｹ 00ｨｪ000401ｨ 01ｨｨｨｴｨｪ ｨｰｨｨ ｨｨ ﾂｨｨｨｪ06ｨｦ 06ｨｰ 07ｨｮ09ｨｰ0205ｨｹ00ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨ 02ｨｪｨｪ06 09ｨｰ08ｨ 01ｨ 05ｨｨ ｨ ｨｬ ｨｮｨｪ02ｨｦ, ｨｺ06ｨｰ ｨｰｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨｹ ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｺｨ ｨｺ ｨ ｨｺ0802 ﾂ02ｨｰ ﾂｨｰｨｨ 09 ｨｺｨ ｨｦ ｨ 05ｨｰｨ ｨｦ09ｨｺ06ｨｦ ｨｪ02 ｨ 0405ｨｨ 0601ｨｨｨｪ-0109ｨ ｨｰｨｪｨｨｨｺｨ, ｨｺ06ｨｰ ｨ 00ｨ 05ｨｨ ｨｪｨ 09ｨｰ0607ｨｴｨｨ01 07ｨｰ02ｨｪ ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ. 03ｨｰ02ｨｪ ｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨｹ 09 ｨｺｨ ｨｺ06ｨｬ-ｨｪｨｨｨ ｨｮ01ｨｹ ｨｺｨｮ0807ｨｰｨｪｨｨｨｺ02, 0706 ｨ 0605ｨｹ0302ｨｦ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｨ ｨ 0405ｨｨ ｨ 0605ｨｹｨｪ04ｨｬｨｨ, 09 05ｨｮ ﾂ0302ｨｬ 0905ｨｮ ﾂｨ 02 ｨｺ06ｨｺ02ｨｨ01ｨｨ060406ｨｬ, 09 01ｨｮ010302ｨｬ ｨC ｨ ｨｨ ｨｬ ｨｪｨ ｨ ｨｨ05ｨｨ ｨｪ ｨｰ0209ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ06, ｨｴ00ｨｪｨｪ ｨｬ020705ｨｨ09ｨｹ ｨｪｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨｰｨｺｨｨ ｨｨ 0906ｨｰｨｪｨｨ ｨｰ ﾂ ｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｦ ｨ ｨｰ ｨｪｨ 05, ﾂｨｰ ｨｰ06 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨｮ-ｨｰ06 04ｨ 07ｨｰｨｨ02ｨｮ 04ｨ 0705ｨ ｨｰｨｨ05ｨｨ ｨｰ ﾂｨｮ ｨ ｨ ｨｬ-ｨｰ06 06ｨｪ ｨ 09ｨ 05 07ｨｰｨｨ ｨｮｨ., 0601ｨｪｨ ｨ ｨ 05ｨｨ ｨ ｨｰ06ｨｰ 00ｨｺｨｰ06-ｨｰ06, ｨｮ ﾂｨｨ0903ｨｨｨｦ ｨｰ ﾂｨｮ ｨ , 03ｨｨ05, , ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ ｨｪ01ｨ 01, ｨｪｨｨｨｺｨｰ06 ｨｪｨｨｨｺ060001ｨ ｨｪ02 09ｨｨ010205, 09 ｨｪ ｨｰ ｨｨ05ｨｨ, ｨｨ 06ｨｪ 0905ｨｮ03ｨｨ05 ｨｬ06ｨｴｨｪ04ｨｬ ｨｬ06ｨｰｨｨ0906ｨｬ ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｬｨ ｨｪ04ｨｦ ｨｪ ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ04ｨｦ ｨ ｨｨ04ｨｪ ｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨｹ ｨｰｨｺｨｨ 09ｨｰｨｨ01ｨｨｨｦｨｪ ｨ. 0106, ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺｨｮ 04ｨ ｨｨ09ｨｹ 01ｨｨ0502ｨｰｨ ｨｪｨｰ04, ｨ 0605ｨｹ03ｨｨｨｪ09ｨｰ ｨｰｨｨ ｨｨｨ ｨ ｨｴ Main regions of illegal catching of falcons in Russia Now the main regions of gyrfalcon catching are 1. Kamchatka and 2. Chukotka. Birds are caught by individual trappers. Their number in the country is no more than 20 persons at all. The main regions of saker catching are 1. foothills of Altai, south- eastern Altai and western Tuva; 2. Tuva depression (Republic of Tuva), north-west of the Minusinsk depression, steppe depressions of the Baikal region (fig. 1). 09ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪ ｨC ｨｨ040506ｨ 0502ｨｪｨｪｨ ｨｰｨｪｨｨ ﾂｨｹ07 07ｨｰｨｨ02ｨ ｨ 08ｨ ｨ 09ｨｺｨｨ ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｪｨｨｨｺ ｨｰ ｨｬ020507ｨｪ09ｨｺ The Saker ｨC is a favorite bird for falconry. Photo by I. Smelansky Following expert estimation the number of professional groups of poachers catching Altai sakers was 15ｨC20 groups 5 years ago. But the number is decreased in twice last 2ｨC3 years (Nikolenko, this issue). Season and techniques of catching The most part of catchers try to bring sakers in Gulf States to the season of hunting with falcons that begins in September. The largest pressure of catching is noted during the active migration of young birds and the beginning of wide migration of adults (the last half of August ｨC beginning of September). Some persons catching adult birds for orders catch during all breeding season but recently it is accident. The classic catching techniques of Arabians is using pigeons with nooses. Peculiarities of this method is that if a saker takes a

16 ｨｪｨ ｨｰ ｨｨｨｴｨｪｨｨｨｺｨｨ ｨｨ ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ 2007, ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｰ ｨｨｨｴｨｪｨｨｨｺ ｨｺ ｨｬ0209ｨｰｨｮ ｨｪｨ 04ｨｪｨ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ ｨｪ ｨｮ050702ｨｨ07ｨｬ 0906ｨｺ ｨｰ ｨｬ07 ｨ 0405 ｨｪｨ ｨｪ020900ｨｪ ｨｬｨ ｨｺ09ｨｨｨｬｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ04ｨｦ. 08 ｨｺ06ｨｪ02ｨｮ ｨｨｨｺｨｨｨｦ ｨｨ ｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｪ ﾂｨｨ09ｨ 02ｨｰ ｨｹ0004ｨｪ ｨｮ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｪｨｨｨｺｨｨ ｨｰ02ｨｪ ｨｺ0605ｨｨｨｪ ｨ ｨｨ04ｨｪ0209ｨ ｨｮ0302 ｨｪ02 08ｨｨ09ｨｺｨｮ06ｨｰ 0106ｨ 0409ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｨ ｨｨｨｰｨｹ 07ｨｰｨｨ02 09ｨ ｨｬ0609ｨｰ0607ｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ06. 02ｨｪｨｨ ｨｨｨｴｨｮｨｰ 0905ｨｨ07ｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ ｨ 08ｨｰｨｪ ｨｨｨｨ, ｨｨ, ｨｺ06ｨｪ02 ﾂｨｪ , ｨｨ01 ｨｪｨ ｨｰ ｨｰｨｨ ｨｮ- ﾂｨ ｨｨ 04ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨ 08ｨ ｨｺ06ｨｪｨｹ ｨｨ ｨｺ06ｨｪｨｰ08ｨ ｨ ｨ ｨｪ01ｨｨ09ｨｰ ｨｰｨ ｨｪ060907ｨｰ ｨｺｨｨｨｬｨｨ ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｪｨ 07 09ｨｨｨｰｨｮｨ 02ｨｨ07 09 ｨｪ ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ04ｨｬ ｨｬ 0906ｨｺ ｨｨｨｨ 01ｨ ﾂｨ 0506 ｨｪ ｨｰ060502ｨｰｨｨ07 09 ｨｪ ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ06ｨｬ 0906ｨｺ0605ｨｨｨｪ06ｨｬ ｨ ｨｨ04ｨｪ ｨｪｨ ｨｬ02ｨｪ0609ｨ ｨｹ ｨｰ02ｨｬ, ﾂｨｰ ｨｮ ﾂｨ ｨｦｨｪ ｨｨ ｨｮ0305ｨｨ, ｨｨ 0609ｨｰｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨｹ 05ｨｨ03ｨｹ ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ 0504, ｨｺ06ｨｰ ｨｬ0603ｨｪ ｨｨｨｰｨｹ ｨｪｨ ｨｰ08ｨｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｰ ｨｨｨｨ: 1) , ｨｨｨ 05ｨｨ04ｨｨ08ｨｮ06ｨｴｨｨ ｨｪｨ 0106ｨ 04- ﾂ ｨｺ ｨ 03ｨｨ ｨｪｨ 0906ｨｺ0605ｨｨｨｪ ｨｪｨｺｨ 01 05ｨｨｨ ｨ 03ｨｨ ｨｺ06ｨｪｨｰ08ｨ ｨ ｨ ｨｪ01ｨｨ09ｨｰｨ ｨｬ, ｨｨｨｬ0206ｨｴｨｨｨｬ ｨｮ09ｨｰ ｨｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｺｨｨ; 2) , 0106ｨ 0409ｨ 06ｨｴｨｨ ｨｺ ｨｪ ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ06 ｨｪｨ 04ｨ ｨｺｨ 04 06ｨｰ 0302ｨｦ010609; 3) , 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰｨ 06ｨｴｨｨ02 ｨｪｨ 07ｨｨｨｰ06ｨｬｨｪｨｨｨｺｨｨ ｨ 07 ｨｺｨ ｨｰ ｨｨ ｨC ｨｪｨ ｨｨｨ ｨｬｨ ｨ 07 ｨｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｨｨ ｨ 0201ｨｪｨ ｨｦｨｺｨ. 00 ｨｪ ｨｰ 0008ｨ 0301ｨ ｨｪ ｨｨｨｨ, ｨｨｨｬ0206ｨｴｨｨ02 ｨｺ06ｨｪｨｰｨ ｨｺｨｰ ｨｺｨｮ07ｨｴｨｨｨｺｨ ｨｬｨｨ 0906ｨｺ ｨ ｨｨ04 09ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪ04, ｨｨ 0008ｨ 0301ｨ ｨｪ02 ｨ 08ｨ ｨ 09ｨｺｨｨ01 09ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪ, ｨｨｨｬｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ06 09ｨｨ08ｨｨｨｦ0204, ｨｺ06ｨｰ ｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨｰ ｨｨ ｨｰ 0906ｨｺ ｨｺ06ｨｪ02 ﾂｨｪ ｨｺｨｮ07ｨ ｨｰ ｨｹｨｬｨ ｨｰｨｪ06, ﾂｨｰ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｨ 05ｨｰ06ｨｦ ｨｺｨ ｨｰ ｨｨｨｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｨｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｨｨｬ0206ｨｰ ｨｺ0605ｨ 06ｨｰ ｨ , 09ｨｰ ｨC 06ｨｰ ｨ , 09 04ｨ 09ｨｨ09ｨｨｨｬ0609ｨｰｨｨ 06ｨｰ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨｬ0208 ﾂ0209ｨｺ06ｨｦ 0708ｨｨ090502ｨｺｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ 07ｨｰｨｨ ﾂｨｨｨｰ0409ｨ ｨｺ0609ｨｰｨｹ ｨｺ08ｨｮ07ｨｪ0401 ｨｨ ｨｺ08ｨ 09ｨｨ ｨｰｨｨ02, ｨｬ0603ｨｪ ｨｨｨｰｨｹ, ﾂｨｰ06 04ｨ 0601ｨｪｨｮ ｨｮ06 07ｨ 08ｨｰｨｨ06 (10 07ｨｰｨｨ02) ｨｰ06ｨｦ ｨｺｨ ｨｰ ｨｨｨｨ ｨｨｨｬ0206ｨｰ ｨｪ02ｨｬ 3000 ｨｨ ｨ , ｨｰ0902ｨｰ09ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ06. 06ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｪ06 05ｨｰｨｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｪ060907ｨｰ ｨｬｨ ｨｺ09ｨｨｨｬｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ04ｨｦ ｨｮｨｴ0208ｨ ｨｮ050702ｨｨ07ｨｬ pigeon trappers must catch up quickly with it on a vehicle, that ｯs why such techniques is used only in flat steppe territories. When Syrian poachers started to penetrate into mountain regions since 1990-s, they began to use a pigeon with clinging to him rope. The most rare method is catching by dhogazza with another raptor. This techniques are used mainly by professional ornithologists for catching adult birds on breeding territories for equipping by PITs. Techniques of falcon transporting Usually birds are transported to staging posts in boxes After forming a group birds are put to sleep, neatly dressed in bandage and packed for transporting through the border. Packed birds are transported by airplane in baggage section or in passenger salon. Frequently birds are brought into a plane avoiding the customs and a system of baggage inspection by bribing the employees of air companies. Falconry fashion in Russia Today about 10 centers for captive-breeding of rare bird species including zoos where falcons bred successfully. However nothing of centers has a certificate of CITES Secretariat for captive-breeding. Activity of the centers has stimulated the development of falconry in Russia since the end of 1990-s. And popularity of falconry is raising that is indicated by hunter Internet sites and forums and announcement about buying of birds inside the country. However the development of Russian falconry is on the embryonic stage, and the essential progress of it is doubtable next 10ｨC15 years. 03ｨ 08ｨｰｨｨ ｨｺ , 04ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｪｨ ｨｨ ｨｰｨｺ02 ｨｪ0204ｨ ｨｺ06ｨｪｨｪ ｨ. 0806ｨｰ ｨ 0807 Party of falcons, arrested in an effort the illegal export. Photo by A. Kovshar

17 13Raptors Conservation Raptors Conservation 2007, ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪ, ｨｨｨ 03ｨｨｨｦ ｨｬ ｨｺｨｨ ｨｺ06ｨｪｨｰ08ｨ ｨ ｨ ｨｪ01ｨｨ09ｨｰｨ ｨｬｨｨ. 0806ｨｰ ｨ 0807 A Saker died during transportation by smugglers. Photo by A. Kovshar 0906ｨｺ , ｨｰ.ｨｺ. ｨｬｨｪ0600ｨｨ ｨ 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰｨｺｨ ｨｰ ｨｰ0607ｨｪｨｪ06, 09 ｨｬ06ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｰｨ ｨｰｨ 07ｨｰ02ｨｪ ｨｨ 0106 ｨｮ09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ ｨｪｨｨ07 09ｨｪ0203ｨｪ ｨｺ080609ｨ. 06ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｪ06 05ｨｰｨｨ ｨｨｨｬｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ06 04ｨ ｨｨ09ｨ 06ｨｰ ｨｨｨｪ090702ｨｺｨｰ0608ｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｬ060302ｨｪ ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ﾂｨｪｨｨｨｺｨｨ 0708ｨｨ ｨｰｨｺｨ 01 ｨｪ ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ ｨ 07ｨｰｨｨ02 ｨｨ04 09ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪ04. 06ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｪ06 ｨｮ 05ｨｰ06ｨｦ ｨｺｨ ｨｰ ｨｨｨｨ ｨｪｨ ｨ ｨ 02ｨｰ0907 ｨｬｨ ｨｺ09ｨｨｨｬｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ04ｨｦ 06ｨｰ ｨｰｨｨ02, ｨｰ.ｨｺ. ｨｪ02ｨ 0605ｨｹ0306ｨｦ 04ｨ 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰ06ｨｺ ｨｪ02 01ｨ 00ｨｰ ｨｬ0603ｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ 0705ｨ ｨｰｨｨｨｰｨｹ ｨｰｨｺｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ﾂｨｪｨｨｨｺｨ ｨｬ ｨｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｬ060302ｨｪｨｪｨｨｨｺｨ ｨｬ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ04ｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ ｨｪ ｨｺｨ ｨｪｨ 05ｨ 03, ｨ 0708ｨｨ 09ｨｺ0804ｨｰｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｺ02 ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｹ 07ｨｰｨｨ02 ｨｪ ｨｨ09ｨ 02ｨｰ 09ｨｰ ｨ ｨｨ05ｨｨ ｨｰ0607ｨｪｨｪ ｨｮ ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｨ ｨｨｨ ｨ 02ｨｰ ｨｨ 05ｨｰ06ｨｦ ｨｺｨ ｨｰ ｨｨｨｨ ｨｪ0608ｨｬ02 ｨｺ0608ｨｬ0502ｨｪｨｨ02 09ｨ ｨｬ06ｨｺ 0906ｨｺ ｨ ｨｬ02ｨ ｨｬｨｨ, ｨｪ02 ｨｨｨｬ0206ｨｴｨｨｨｬｨｨ 0202ｨｪｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ ｨｮ ｨｪｨｨｨｺ0609 ｨｨ ｨｪｨ 0804ｨｪｨｺｨ ｨｰ06ｨｦ ｨｺｨ ｨｰ ｨｨｨｨ 0105ｨｨｨｪｨ ﾂｨｺｨｨ ｨｺｨｮ07ｨｴｨｨｨｺ ｨｨ ｨ 02ｨｰ ｨｰ08ｨｨ 05ｨｰｨ 07ｨ. 01ｨ ｨｨｨ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰ ｨｪ ｨｬ ｨｰ0802- ﾂｨ 02ｨｰ0907 ｨｰｨ ｨｺｨ ﾂｨｺｨ ｨ : 06ｨｰ ｨｨｨｨ ｨｨ ｨ 04ｨ 0109ｨｰｨ ｨｪ ｨC ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪ ｨｰｨｨ080609ｨｺｨ ｨｨ04 08ｨ 04ｨ 0109ｨｰｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｪ ｨｨ05ｨｨ 0704ｨ 02ｨｺｨｨ09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ ｨC ｨｪｨ 0905ｨｨ03ｨｪｨｨｨｦ ｨｰ06ｨｺ. 0308ｨｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｺ06ｨｬ 09ｨ 08ｨｨｨ ｨｪｨｰ ｨｨｨｨ ｨｨ ｨｮ ﾂｨ 02ｨｰ ｨ 0605ｨｹ ｨC ｨ ｨ 0906ｨｺ0605ｨ ｨｨ 09ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ ｨｨｨｬ0206ｨｰ 05ｨｨ02ｨ, ｨｨ09ｨ 06ｨｴｨｨ02 ｨｨ ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪ ｨｰｨｨ08ｨｮ06ｨｴｨｨ02 07ｨｰｨｨ ｨ 04ｨ 0109ｨｰｨ ｨｪ02, 0601ｨｪｨ ｨｺ06, ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺｨｮ 06ｨｪｨｨ ｨ ｨｺｨｺｨｮｨｬｨｮ05ｨｨ08ｨｮ06ｨｰ 07ｨｰｨｨ ｨ 04ｨｮ ｨｪ0209ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺｨｨｨｬ ｨｺ06ｨｪｨｰｨ ｨｺｨｰｨ ｨｬ, ｨｨ ｨｨｨ 0405ｨｹ ｨｰ0608ｨ 07 ｨｺｨ ｨｰ ｨｨ ｨC ｨｨｨｬｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ ｨ 0301ｨ ｨｪ02 05ｨｨ08ｨｨｨｨ 05ｨｨｨ ｨ 0301ｨ ｨｪ ｨｮ00ｨｨ01 ｨ 08ｨ ｨ 09ｨｺｨｨ01 09ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪ, 0708ｨｨ020403ｨ 06ｨｴｨｨ ｨｨ ｨｨｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ040609ｨ ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｬ 0708ｨｨ0005ｨ 0302ｨｪｨｨ07ｨｬ ｨ 0301ｨ ｨｪ ｨC ｨｮ ﾂｨ ｨｴｨｨ ｨｪｨ 0302ｨｦ 09ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪ04, 0906ｨｰ08ｨｮ01ｨｪｨｨｨｺ ｨｹ09ｨｰ09, ｨｰｨ 09ｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹ09ｨｰ09 04ｨ 08ｨｮｨ 0203ｨｪ ｨｨ08ｨｬ ｨｨ ｨｬ0209ｨｰｨｪ ｨｨ07ｨｰｨｨｨｦ ｨｰｨ 09ｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｨ 05ｨｰ06ｨｦ ｨｺｨ ｨｰ ｨｨｨｨ ｨｰ0907, ｨｮｨｰｨｨ, 05ｨｨ ﾂｨｪ04ｨｬｨｨ ｨ ｨｬｨｨ 0302ｨｦ ｨｨ ｨｰ ｨｨ ｨｰ 0906ｨｺ ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 ｨｰ ｨ, 06ｨｺ08ｨ 09ｨｺｨｨ ｨｨ 08ｨ 04ｨｬ0208ｨ, ｨｺ06ｨｰ060804ｨｦ ｨｨｨｬ 04ｨ ｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｪ ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｰ ｨｨｨｬ0401 ｨｨｨｬｨｨ 07ｨｰｨｨ02 09ｨｨ05ｨｹｨｪ06 09ｨ 08ｨｹｨｨ08ｨｮ02ｨｰ 06ｨｰ ｨｪ0209ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺｨｨ ｨｰｨｺ0609 ( ｨｪ ｨｬ0603ｨｪ06 05ｨｨ03ｨｹ 0708ｨｨ ｨｪｨ 05ｨｨ ﾂｨｨｨｨ 09ｨｪｨｮｨｰ08ｨｨ 09ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪ ｨｨ01 07ｨｮｨｪｨｺｨｰ ｨｺｨｨ, ﾂｨｰ ｨｰ ｨｺ0609ｨｰｨｹ06) ｨｨ 06ｨ 04 ﾂｨｪ06 ｨｪ ｨ 02ｨｰ 2ｨC ｨｰｨｺ ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｪ06 ｨｪｨ ｨｰ06ｨｦ ｨｺｨ ｨｰ ｨｨｨｨ ｨｪ0609ｨ ｨｪ04 ｨｬｨｨ ｨ ｨ 09ｨｪ ｨｪ ｨｪｨ 01 ｨｪｨ 0906ｨｺ , ｨｺ06ｨｰ ｨｪ02 ｨｨｨｬ0206ｨｰ ｨｪｨｨ ﾂ ｨ ｨｴ ｨｪ06 ﾂｨｪ06ｨｦ 0202ｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｰ06ｨｦ ｨｺｨ ｨｰ ｨｨｨｨ ｨｮ ﾂｨ 06ｨｰ 06ｨｰ 0302ｨｦ ｨｪｨｹ00ｨｨ 04ｨ 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰｨｮ (00ｨ ｨｺｨｰｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨ 04ｨ 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰｨｪｨｮ ｨ ｨｰｨｮ), 09ｨｮｨｬｨｬｨ ｨｺ06ｨｰ ｨｬ060302ｨｰ 09ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｰｨｺｨｨ ｨｰ ﾂ ｨ , ｨｨ 0802 ﾂｨｹ ｨｨ0100ｨｰ ｨｨｨｬｨｺ02 07ｨｰｨｨ0204, ｨｨｨｪｨｰ ｨｪ06ｨｦ 0302ｨｦ01ｨｮ. 0308ｨｨ 05ｨｰ06ｨｬ ｨｪｨ ｨｰ01ｨ 09ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 06ｨｰ ﾂ00ｨｰ, ﾂｨｰ06 ｨｰｨ ｨｺｨ 07 07ｨｰｨｨ02ｨ ｨｪｨ 0804ｨｪｨｺ02 ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｪ02ｨｦ 0804ｨｪ06 ﾂｨｪ06ｨｦ 0202ｨｪ ｨｰｨｹ07 ｨｺｨ ｨｰ ｨｨ ｨC ｨｨｨｬｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ ｨ 0301ｨ ｨｪ ｨｨｨｨ, ｨｰｨ ｨｴｨｨ ｨｺ ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ0401 ｨｨ ｨｪ ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ ｨｨｨｦ09ｨｺｨｨ01 07ｨｨｨｰ06ｨｬｨｪｨｨｨｺ0609, ｨｪ0609ｨｪ06ｨｬ, ｨｹ06 08ｨ 04ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｪ060006ｨｪ01ｨ ｨｨｨｬ0708ｨｨｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｪ ｨｪ0209ｨｮ0302ｨｺ03. 08ｨ ｨｺ 0708ｨ 09ｨｨ0506, 05ｨｰｨｨ ｨｰ ｨｪｨｨｨｰ ｨ ｨｬｨｨ, ｨｨｨ 05ｨｨ04ｨｨ08ｨｮ06ｨｴｨｨｨｬｨｨ0907 ｨｪｨ ｨ ｨｴｨｨ09ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｨ, 08ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｨ ｨｨ ｨ ｨｺ ｨｬ06ｨｰ0807 ｨｪｨ ｨｰ06, ﾂｨｰ06 ｨｪ02ｨｺ06ｨｰ ｨｨ04 05ｨｰｨｨ01 07ｨｨｨｰ06ｨｬｨｪｨｨｨｺ0609 ｨｺ06ｨｪｨｰ080605ｨｨ08ｨｮ06ｨｰ0907 ｨｺ08ｨｨｨｬｨｨｨｪｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ04ｨｬｨｨ 0008ｨｮ0707ｨｨ080609ｨｺｨ ｨｬｨｨ, ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪｨｪ06 05ｨｰｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｰ ｨｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｪ0609ｨｨｨｰ ｨｬｨｨｨｪｨｨｨｬｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ04ｨｦ ｨｮｨｴ0208ｨ 0708ｨｨ080601ｨｪ04ｨｬ ｨｮ050702ｨｨ07ｨｬ. 0002ｨｪ04 02ｨｨｨ 07ｨ 0406ｨｪ 0202ｨｪ ｨｪｨ 0906ｨｺ ｨｨ05ｨｹｨｪ06 09ｨ 08ｨｹｨｨ08ｨｮ02ｨｰ 09 04ｨ 09ｨｨ09ｨｨｨｬ0609ｨｰｨｨ 06ｨｰ 09ｨｨ01ｨ, ｨ, ｨ 09ｨｰｨ ｨｨ 06ｨｺ08ｨ 09ｨｺｨｨ 0906ｨｺ0605ｨ. 01ｨ ｨｨｨ 0605ｨｹ ﾂｨｰ02ｨｪｨｨ02 06ｨｰ01ｨ 00ｨｰ0907 ｨｺ08ｨｮ07ｨｪ04ｨｬ 09ｨ ｨｬｨｺｨ ｨｬ ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｨ ｨｺ0802 ﾂ02ｨｰｨ ｨ 09ｨｰ ｨｰ ｨｺ06ｨｪｨｰ08ｨ 09ｨｰｨｪ06ｨｦ 06ｨｺ08ｨ 09ｨｺｨｨ (070802ｨｨｨｬｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ06 ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｦｨｪｨｨ02 09ｨ 08ｨｨｨ ｨｪｨｰ ｨｰ0506ｨｦ ｨｨ ｨｰ00ｨｬｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｬ060800). 0808ｨｮ07ｨｪｨ 07 09ｨ ｨｬｨｺｨ ｨ ｨｺ0802 ﾂ02ｨｰｨ 09 ｨｨ0102ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ06ｨｬ ｨｪｨｨｨｨ ｨｬ060302ｨｰ 09ｨｰ06ｨｨｨｰｨｹ ｨC 20 ｨｰ ｨ , 0601ｨｪｨ ｨｺ06 ｨｰｨ ｨｺｨｨ01 07ｨｰｨｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｪｨ 0906ｨｰｨｪ ｨｪ ｨｪｨ ｨｮ ｨｺ06ｨｪ02 ﾂｨｪ ｨｺｨｮ07ｨ ｨｰ020502ｨｦ ｨｪｨ 09ｨ ｨｬｨｺｨｮ ｨｺ0802 ﾂ02ｨｰｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｰ 2ｨC3 ｨｰ ｨ , 09ｨ ｨｬｨｺｨｮ ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ 1ｨC2 ｨｰ ｨ ｨ ｨｬｨｺｨｨ ｨ 05ｨｰｨ ｨｦ09ｨｺｨｨ01 ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪ ｨｰ0506ｨｦ ｨｨ ｨｰ00ｨｬｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｬ ｨ 06ｨｰ ｨｪ02 09ｨ ｨｬ06ｨｺ ｨｺ0802 ﾂ02ｨｰｨ ｨｪ ｨｪｨ ｨｪｨ 07ｨｰｨｨ02, ｨｪ ｨｴｨｨ ｨｨｨｪ01ｨｨ09ｨｨ01ｨｮｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ04ｨｬｨｨ ｨ 02ｨｪｨｪ0609ｨｰ07ｨｬｨｨ 08ｨ 04ｨｬ0208ｨ ｨｨ 06ｨｺ08ｨ 09ｨｺｨｨ ｨｨ04 06ｨ ｨｴ02ｨｦ ｨｬｨ , ｨｰｨ ｨｰ 500ｨC ｨ ｨ 09ｨｪ ｨｪ ｨｪ04 04ｨ 0601ｨｪ ｨｺ0605ｨ 40ｨC 100 ｨｰ ｨ , ｨｺｨ 05ｨｹ040409ｨ 06ｨｴｨｨ ｨｨ 08ｨ 0403ｨｨ00ｨ 06ｨｴｨｨ02 ｨ 03ｨｨ06ｨｰｨ ｨｨ ｨｬ0209ｨｰｨｪ ｨｪｨ ｨｪｨｨ07, ｨｪ02 ﾂｨｰ06 ｨｨｨｪ0602, ｨｺｨ ｨｺ ｨｬｨｨ00.

18 ｨｪｨ ｨｰ ｨｨｨｴｨｪｨｨｨｺｨｨ ｨｨ ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ 2007, ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｰ ｨｨｨｴｨｪｨｨｨｺ ﾂ02ｨｰ (Falco rusticolus), ｨ ｨｴ02ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ 09 07ｨｨｨｰ06ｨｬｨｪｨｨｨｺ ｨｰ ｨｬ020507ｨｪ09ｨｺ A Gyrfalcon (Falco rusticolus) bred in captivity. Photo by I. Smelansky 0604ｨｬ02ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｰ05ｨ 0905ｨｨ09ｨ 02ｨｬ ｨｰｨｨ ｨｪ0609ｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｮ ｨ ｨｪｨ 06ｨｰ ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ, 0708ｨｨ ﾂ00ｨｬ ｨｨ05ｨｨ09ｨｹ ｨｺｨ ｨｺ ｨｰｨｨ0204, ｨｰｨ ｨｺ 0904ｨ ｨｨ08ｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨｹ ｨｨ 07ｨｰ02ｨｪ0204 ｨｨ04 00ｨｪ (090209ｨｨｨｪ, 2001) ｨ 0502ｨｬｨ 06ｨｰ050609ｨ ｨｺ0802 ﾂ02ｨｰ0609 ｨ 0405ｨ ｨｨ0102ｨｪｨｰｨｨ00ｨｨ02ｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｪｨ 08ｨ ｨｬ ﾂｨ ｨｰｨｺ ｨｨｨｪ (0906ｨ ｨｺ0609, 2000) ﾂ02ｨｰ 09 ｨｰ06ｨｰ ｨｨ0601 ｨ 0405 ｨｪｨ ｨｨｨ ｨｨ090502ｨｺｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ06ｨｦ 07ｨｰｨｨ0202ｨｦ, ｨｪ ｨｨｨｰｨｹ ｨｰ ｨｺｨｰｨｨｨｺｨｨ 09ｨｨ08ｨｨｨｦ09ｨｺｨｨ ｨ 0405ｨｨ ｨｪ ｨｰ0607ｨｪｨｨｨｨ, ｨｰ06ｨｬｨｮ 06ｨｪｨｨ ｨｨ05ｨｨ 07ｨｰｨｨ ｨｪ0609ｨｪ06ｨｬ ｨｪｨ ｨｬｨｨ0008ｨ 02ｨｨ ｨｲ07ｨｰｨｨ ｨｰ02ｨｪ ｨｨ ｨｨ ｨｺｨｮ 0609ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ ｨｪ0609ｨｪ06ｨｬ 0708ｨｨ ﾂ00ｨｪｨｪ0602 ｨｬ0209ｨｰｨｪ0602 ｨｪｨ ｨｪｨｨ02, ｨｨｨｬｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ ｨ 0301ｨ ｨｪ ｨｨｨｨ, 03ｨｨ09ｨｮｨｴｨｨ02 ｨｪｨ ｨｰ020808ｨｨｨｰ0608ｨｨ0701 ｨ 0802ｨ 05ｨ ｨｺ0802 ﾂ02ｨｰｨ. 05ｨ 0709ｨ ｨｪ ｨｨ ｨ 08ｨ ｨｹｨｪ06 06ｨｰ050609ｨｮ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨｬ0208 ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨ 0708ｨｨ090502ｨｺｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ0401 ｨｺ0802 ﾂ02ｨｰｨ ｨｨ ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｦ ｨｰ020808ｨｨｨｰ0608ｨｨｨｨ ｨｪｨｪ02ｨｦ ｨｬｨｨ0008ｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ, 0601ｨｪｨ ｨｺ06 00ｨｨｨｺ09ｨｨ080609ｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨｹ ｨｰｨ ｨｺ ｨｮ ﾂｨ ｨｨ ｨｨ04ｨｲ07ｨｰｨｨ07 07ｨｰ02ｨｪ ｨｨ04 00ｨｪ000401, 09 ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ, ｨｪｨ 0708ｨ 0502, ｨ ｨｪ0705ｨ 09ｨｹ ｨｺ08ｨｮ07ｨｪｨ 07 00ｨｪ ｨ ｨｮ0707ｨｨ080609ｨｺｨ 05ｨｰ ｨｺ0605ｨ (08ｨ 0807ｨｺｨｨｨｪ, 1998). 08 ｨｺ06ｨｪ02ｨｮ ｨｨ04ｨｲ07ｨｰｨｨ02 07ｨｰ02ｨｪ ｨｨ04 00ｨｪ ｨｺ ｨｰｨ ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｰｨｨ050609ｨｹ ｨｨ 09 ｨｨ01 ｨｪｨｨ04ｨｺ06ｨｦ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨｬ0208 ﾂ0209ｨｺ06ｨｦ 09ｨｰ06ｨｨｨｬ0609ｨｰｨｹ06, 0601ｨｪｨ ｨｺ06 07ｨｰ02ｨｪ ｨｪ02ｨｬｨｮ ｨｨ0404ｨｬｨ 06ｨｰ ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ0401 ｨｨ ｨｪ ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ ｨｨｨｰ06ｨｬｨｪｨｨｨｺ0609, ｨｬｨｨ080609ｨ 0903ｨｨ ｨｺ06ｨｪ ｨC ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ ｨｨ 0608ｨｨ02ｨｪｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0401 ｨｪｨ ｨ 03ｨｮ ｨｰｨｨ02 ｨｪｨ ｨｰ ｨ 08ｨ ｨ 09ｨｺｨｨ ｨｪｨｺｨｨ ﾂ02ｨｰ (Falco rusticolus) 08ｨ ｨｺ ｨｺ08ｨｮ07ｨｪ04ｨｦ ｨｨ ｨｺ08ｨ 09ｨｨ0904ｨｦ 0906ｨｺ0605 ｨｺ0802 ﾂ02ｨｰ 0202ｨｪｨｨｨｰ0907 ｨ 08ｨ ｨ 09ｨｺｨｨｨｬｨｨ 0906ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｪｨｨｨｺｨ ｨｬｨｨ, ｨｪ06 09 ｨｮ ｨｨ ｨｮ09ｨｰ04ｨｪｨｨ 06ｨｪ ｨ 0409ｨｰ ｨｨｨ ｨ 02ｨｰ. 06ｨｺ ｨｰ ｨｺ0802 ﾂ02ｨｰｨ 09 ｨ 08ｨ ｨ 09ｨｺｨｨ02 09ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪ ｨｨ ｨｺ ｨｨｨｪｨｰ ｨ 09 ｨｺ06ｨｪ ｨC ｨｪｨ - ﾂｨ , ﾂ ｨ ｨｴ02ｨｦ ｨｺ ｨｰｨ 0906ｨｺ ｨｺ ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｰｨｨ05ｨ 09ｨｹ. 0602ｨｬ ｨｪ02 ｨｬ02ｨｪ0202, ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ 0506ｨｬ ｨｬｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｨ 0302ｨｦ ｨｨｨｪｨｰ ｨ ｨｺ 00ｨｨｨ 08ｨｨ01ｨ ｨｬ ｨｨ 09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ ｨｪｨｨ02ｨｬ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04 07ｨｨｨｰ06ｨｬｨｪｨｨｨｺ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｺ , ｨｪｨ ｨｺ0802 ﾂ02ｨｰｨ, ｨｺｨ ｨｺ ｨｪｨ ｨｨ ｨｨｨｰ ｨｨｨ 08ｨｨ010609, 09ｨｪ0609ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪ (Falco cherrug) 09ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪ ｨ ｨ ｨｪ0609ｨｪ04ｨｬ ｨｨ ﾂｨｨｨｰｨ 02ｨｬ04ｨｬ ﾂｨｨｨｬ 0906ｨｺ060506ｨｬ ｨ 08ｨ ｨ 09ｨｺｨｨ ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｪｨｨｨｺ ｨｪｨ 09ｨｰ0607ｨｴ ｨｬ07 06ｨｪ ｨｰｨ ｨｰ 0609ｨｪ0609ｨｪｨｮ ｨｺ ｨｰｨ ｨC 80% ｨｨ ｨｰｨｮ07ｨ 06ｨｴｨｨ01 09 ｨ 08ｨ ｨ 09ｨｺｨｨ02 09ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪ ｨｺ , 09ｨｺ0506 ﾂｨ 07 00ｨｨｨ 08ｨｨ ｨ ｨｨｨ ｨｰ ｨｪ ｨ ｨｪｨｪ ﾂｨｨ090502ｨｪｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ 0906ｨｺ , ｨ 0903ｨｨ01 09 ｨ 08ｨ ｨ 09ｨｺｨｨ02 09ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪ04, ｨｰｨｮ07ｨ 06ｨｰ ｨｨ ｨｺ0605ｨｨｨｪ ｨｨｨｰｨ 0502ｨｦ: Fahad bin Sultan Falcon Center ( ｨｨ0701, 05ｨ ｨｮ ｨｺｨ ｨ 09ｨｨ07), Qatar Falcon Center (08ｨ ｨｰｨ 08), Dubai Falcon Hospital (02ｨｮｨ ｨ ｨｨ, ), Abu Dhabi Falcon Hospital (08ｨ ｨｮ-02ｨ ｨ ｨｨ, ), Al Areen Falcon Hospital (09ｨ ｨｦｨｪ), ｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0302 ｨｨ04 ｨｰｨ ｨｬ060302ｨｪ ｨｺ0605ｨｨｨｪ06ｨｬ ｨｨｨｰｨ ｨｨ070102, 0201ｨｨｨｪ09ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ06ｨｬ ｨｪｨ ｨ ｨｮ ｨｺｨｮ ｨ 09ｨｨ06, 06ｨｰｨｺ0804ｨｰ06ｨｬ , ｨｺ0605ｨｨ- ﾂ0209ｨｰ0906 ｨｪｨ ｨ ｨ 02ｨｬ ｨｺ ｨ ｨｨ ｨ 02ｨｰ 08ｨ 09ｨｰｨｨ. 08ｨｪｨ 05ｨｨ ｨｰｨｮ070502ｨｪｨｨｨｦ ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪ ｨ 08ｨ ｨ 09ｨｺｨｨ02 09ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪ ｨｺｨ ｨ 02ｨｰ, ﾂｨｰ ｨｪ0609ｨｪ04ｨｬ 0706ｨｰ0802ｨ ｨｨｨｰ020502ｨｬ 0906ｨｺ ｨｰ ｨ ｨｮ ｨｺｨ ｨ 09ｨｨ07, ｨｪ06 ｨｨｨｬ070608ｨｰｨｨ08ｨｮ06ｨｴｨ 07 06ｨｺ ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪ ｨｰ ｨｰｨｨ ｨｪ ｨｰｨｮ07ｨ 02ｨｰ , 08ｨｮ0902ｨｦｨｰ, 09ｨ ｨｦｨｪ. 05 ｨｮ ﾂ00ｨｰ06ｨｬ ｨｪｨｰｨｪ06ｨｦ 09ｨｬ0208ｨｰｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ ｨｪ06 ｨｪｨ 0905ｨｨ03ｨｪｨｨｨｦ ｨｰ06ｨｺ ｨｨｨｰ ｨｺ ｨC8400 ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪ0609, 06ｨｺ % ｨｨ04 ｨｺ06ｨｰ ｨ ｨｬｨｺｨｨ, ｨｨｨｬｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ06 ｨｬ (06ｨｺ %) (0806ｨｺ09 ｨｨ 0108., 2003) ｨ ｨｲ00ｨｬ ｨｰｨ ｨｬ ｨｰｨｨ ｨｰ ｨｨ 07ｨｰｨｨ0204, ｨ ｨｴ02ｨｪｨｪ ｨｨｨｰ06ｨｬｨｪｨｨｨｺｨ 01, 0601ｨｪｨ ｨｺ06 ｨｨ01 ｨｺ0605ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｰ ｨｺｨ ｨｪ ｨ 02ｨｰ 25% ｨｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｬｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨ ｨｴ02ｨｪｨｪ ｨｨｨｰ06ｨｬｨｪｨｨｨｺｨ ｨｺ , ｨｨｨｬｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ06 00ｨｨｨ 08ｨｨ ｨｬ020301ｨｮ ｨｺ0802 ﾂ02ｨｰ06ｨｬ ｨｨ ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪ06ｨｬ ｨｨ ｨｺ0802 ﾂ02ｨｰ06ｨｬ ｨｨ 09ｨ 0709ｨ ｨｪ06ｨｬ, ｨｰ ｨ ｨｮ ｨｺ06ｨｦ 0808ｨ 09ｨｨｨｨ ｨ 0605ｨｹ03ｨｨｨｪ09ｨｰ ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｪｨｨｨｺ ﾂｨｨｨｰｨ 06ｨｰ 01ｨｨｨｺｨｨ01 07ｨｰｨｨ ｨ 02ｨｪｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ06 09ｨ ｨｮ ｨｺ ｨｺ0605ｨｨｨｪ ｨｪｨｺｨ ｨｰ ｨｰ0607ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ ｨｪ04ｨｦ ｨｪｨ 0906ｨｺ ｨｪｨ ｨｮ080609ｨｪ ｨ 02ｨｦ, 0708ｨｨ ｨ ｨ ｨｰｨｪ06ｨｬ 0106ｨｬｨｨｨｪｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｨ 09ｨ ｨｬ06ｨｺ (97,5%), ｨｰ.ｨｺ. 0609ｨｪ0609ｨｪｨ 07 ｨｬｨ 0909ｨ 0906ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｪｨｨｨｺ ｨｪｨ ｨｰ ｨｮ09ｨｺｨ 02ｨｰ 07ｨｰｨｨ02, ｨ 0605ｨｹ03ｨ 07 ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｹ ｨｨ04 ｨｺ06ｨｰ ｨｨｨ ｨｪ02ｨｰ, ﾂｨｰ ｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｪ ｨｬ02 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ07 07ｨｰｨｨ ｨｮｨｰｨｪｨｨｨｺ060904ｨｬｨｨ ｨ ｨｰ ﾂｨｨｨｺｨ ｨｬｨｨ (0806ｨｺ09 ｨｨ 0108., 2003). 05ｨ 0709ｨ ｨｪ (Falco peregrinus) 05ｨ 0709ｨ ｨｪ ｨｰｨ ｨｰ ｨｬ02ｨｪ0202 1% ｨｨｨｬ070608ｨｰｨｨ08ｨｮ02ｨｬ ｨ 08ｨ ｨ 09ｨｺｨｨ02 09ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪ04 07ｨｰｨｨ02, 0708ｨｨ ﾂ00ｨｬ ｨ 0605ｨｹ03ｨｨｨｪ09ｨｰ ｨｰｨｮ07ｨ 06ｨｴｨｨ01 ｨｪｨ 0804ｨｪ06ｨｺ 0906ｨｺ ｨC 05ｨｰ06 09ｨ ｨｬｨｺｨｨ ｨｰｨｮｨｪ ｨｨ01ｨ (F. p. callidus), ｨｨｨｬｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ06 ｨｨ04 05ｨｨｨ ｨｨ08ｨｨ (06ｨ ｨｦｨｬ0408, 08ｨ ｨｬ ﾂｨ ｨｰｨｺｨ ).

19 13Raptors Conservation Raptors Conservation 2007, ｨｨ ｨｨ06ｨｪ04, 09 ｨｺ06ｨｰ ｨ ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪ00ｨｪ ｨｪ ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ04ｨｦ 06ｨｰ ｨｺ : ｨｺ0802 ﾂ02ｨｰｨ (Falco rusticolus) ｨC 1 ｨｨ ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ (Falco cherrug) ｨC 2ｨC3 Fig. 1. Regions where illegal catching of falcons is recorded: gyrfalcons (Falco rusticolus) ｨC 1 and sakers (Falco cherrug) ｨC 2ｨC3 02ｨｰ ｨｰｨ ｨｦｨｬ040809ｨｺｨｨ ｨｺ ｨｪｨ ｨｬ0209ｨｰｨ 01 04ｨｨｨｬ0609ｨｺｨｨ ｨｪ02ｨｦ 0804ｨｨｨｨ ｨｰ ｨｪ ｨ ｨｰｨｮ ｨｬｨｨｨｺ0806 ﾂｨｨ (Eastham, et al., 2000). 04ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨ ｨｪ ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ ｨ ｨｪｨ 0906ｨｺ ｨｨｨｨ 05ｨ ｨｪ ｨｰｨ ｨｰｨｺ06ｨｬ ｨｨｨｪ000608ｨｬｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ 06 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｹ ｨｰ08ｨｮ01ｨｪ06 09ｨｮ01ｨｨｨｰｨｹ 06ｨ ｨ ｨｺｨｰｨｨ09ｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ ｨｨ 08ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｨ ｨｰ020808ｨｨｨｰ0608ｨｨｨｨ ｨｨｨｨ 09 80ｨC ｨｪｨ 09ｨｰ0607ｨｴ ｨｬ07 09ｨｨｨｰｨｮｨ 02ｨｨ ｨｨｨｰ ｨｮ06ｨｴｨｨｨｬ 06ｨ 08ｨ 0406ｨｬ. 0209ｨｪ0609ｨｪ04ｨｬｨｨ 08ｨ ｨｦ06ｨｪｨ ｨｬｨｨ 06ｨｰ050609ｨ ｨｺ0802 ﾂ02ｨｰｨ ｨｰ ｨｮ06 06 ﾂ ｨｹ 08ｨ ｨｬ ﾂｨ ｨｰｨｺｨ, ｨｰ0608ｨｮ06 ｨC ﾁｨｮｨｺ06ｨｰｨｺｨ ｨｨｨｰ0907 ｨｺ0802 ﾂ02ｨｰ ｨｪ0609ｨｪ06ｨｬ ｨｨｨｪ01ｨｨ09ｨｨ01ｨｮｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ04ｨｬｨｨ ｨ ｨｬｨｨ, ｨｺ06ｨｰ ｨｪ02 ｨ ｨｰｨｨ 09 09ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪ ｨｪ0609ｨｪ04ｨｬｨｨ 08ｨ ｨｦ06ｨｪｨ ｨｬｨｨ 06ｨｰ050609ｨ ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｰ ｨｮ06 06 ﾂ ｨｹ ｨｹ ｨｰｨ 07, ｨｰ06 ﾂｨｪ04ｨｦ 0805ｨｰｨ ｨｦ ｨｨ 04ｨ 07ｨ 01ｨｪｨ ｨ (08ｨｨ09. 1), ｨｺｨｮ01ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｺｨ 06ｨｰ ｨｨｨｬｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ06 ｨｨ ｨｰｨ 07 ｨｨ 09ｨ ｨｺｨ 09ｨｨｨｨ, ｨｰ0608ｨｮ06 06 ﾂ ｨｹ 06ｨｮ09ｨｨｨｪ09ｨｺｨ 07 ｨｺ06ｨｰ050609ｨｨｨｪｨ ( ｨｮｨ 05ｨｨｨｺｨ ｨ ), ｨ 07ｨ 01 00ｨｨｨｪｨｮ09ｨｨｨｪ09ｨｺ06ｨｦ ｨｺ06ｨｰ050609ｨｨｨｪ04 ( ｨｰ0207ｨｪｨ 07 ｨｰ020808ｨｨｨｰ0608ｨｨ07 09ｨ ｨｺｨ 09ｨｨｨｨ ｨｨ ｨｰ020808ｨｨｨｰ0608ｨｨ ｨ 09ｨｪ ｨｺ ｨｺ08ｨ 07), 09ｨｰ0207ｨｪ0402 ｨｺ06ｨｰ050609ｨｨｨｪ04 09ｨ ｨｦｨｺｨ 05ｨｹ09ｨｺ ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ, ｨｨｨｬｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ ｨｦ09ｨｺｨ 07, 06ｨｮ00ｨｪｨｮｨｦ09ｨｺｨ 07, ｨｨｨｪ09ｨｺｨ 07 ｨｨ 09ｨ 0800ｨｮ04ｨｨｨｪ09ｨｺｨ 07 ｨｺ06ｨｰ050609ｨｨｨｪ04 (09ｨｮ0807ｨｰｨｨ07), 0308ｨｨ0605ｨｹ0106ｨｪｨｹ02 (0608ｨｺｨｮｨｰ09ｨｺｨ 07 06ｨ 05ｨ 09ｨｰｨｹ) ｨｨ 09ｨ 05ｨ 00ｨ ｨｪ06-01ｨｮｨｺｨｮｨｰ09ｨｺｨ ｨｰ0207ｨｹ (0709ｨｰｨｹ ｨｪ09ｨｺｨｨｨｦ 09ｨｮ0807ｨｰ09ｨｺｨｨｨｦ ｨ 09ｨｰ06ｨｪ06ｨｬｨｪ04ｨｦ 06ｨｺ08ｨｮ00) ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｰ ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ ｨｮ0707 ｨｨ05ｨｨ ｨｨｨｪ01ｨｨ09ｨｨ01ｨｮｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ ｨｬ0209ｨｰｨ 01 00ｨｪ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨ 05ｨｰｨ ｨｦ09ｨｺ ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｺ ｨｰｨｪ04ｨｬ ｨｪｨｺｨ ｨｬ 0707ｨｰｨｹ 0502ｨｰ ｨｪｨ 04ｨ ｨｰｨ ｨC ｨｮ0707, ｨｮ00ｨｨ ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ 01, ｨｰｨ ｨｺｨｨ01 ｨｺｨ ｨｺ 09ｨ ｨｺｨ 09ｨｨ07, 0608ｨｺｨｮｨｰ09ｨｺｨ 07 06ｨ 05ｨ 09ｨｰｨｹ, 09ｨｮ0807ｨｰｨｨ07 ｨC ｨｪ02 ｨ ｨC ｨｮ0707 ｨｪｨ ｨｨ06ｨｪ ｨｪｨｨ02 2ｨC ｨ, ｨ ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｬ ｨ ｨｪｨｺ02ｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｨｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨｰ0609 (01ｨｨｨｺ060502ｨｪｨｺ06, ｨｪｨ 09ｨｰ. 09ｨ.), ｨｺ0605ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｰ ｨｮ ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｰｨｨ050609ｨｹ ｨ 09ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ ｨｮｨｴｨｨｨｬ 0707ｨｰｨｨ0502ｨｰｨｪｨｨｨｬ ｨｨ060106ｨｬ. 05ｨ 0709ｨ ｨｪ 09 ｨｪｨ 09ｨｰ0607ｨｴ ｨｬ ｨｨｨｰ0907 ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 07ｨ 08ｨ ｨｹｨｪ ｨｬ ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｨ, 09 ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｹ0302ｨｦ 09ｨｰ020702ｨｪｨｨ, ｨｺ0802 ﾂ02ｨｰｨ 09 ｨｬ0209ｨｰｨ 01 ｨｨ01 06ｨｰ050609ｨ. 08ｨ ｨｺｨｰｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨ ｨｹ ｨｪ ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ04ｨｦ 0906ｨｺ0605ｨｨｨｪ04ｨｦ ｨ ｨｨ04ｨｪ ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪ ｨｨ09ｨ 06ｨｰ 50ｨC ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ , ｨ 0605ｨｹ03ｨ 07 ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｹ ｨｨ04 ｨｺ06ｨｰ ｨC 0008ｨ 0301ｨ ｨｪ02 05ｨｨ08ｨｨｨｨ ｨｺｨｨ ｨｨ ｨｬ02ｨｰ ｨｰ050609ｨ ｨｨ 09 ｨｰ02ｨｬ, ﾂｨｰ ｨｪ0609ｨｪｨ 07 ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｹ ｨｪ ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ ｨｺ0605ｨｨｨｪ ｨ ｨｨ04ｨｪ0209ｨ 0608ｨｨ02ｨｪｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｪｨ ｨ 08ｨ ｨ 09ｨｺｨｮ ｨｺ0605ｨｨｨｪｨｮ ｨｰｨｮ 09 ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪ06ｨｬ ｨｪｨ ｨｺｨ, ｨｰ06 ｨ 0605ｨｹ03ｨ 07 ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｹ ｨｰｨ 08ｨ 02ｨｰ ｨｰｨ 09ｨｨｨｰｨｹ ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪ0609 ｨｪ ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ06 ｨｺ ｨｪｨｮ ｨｰ04, ｨｰ ｨｪｨｰ07ｨ ｨ ｨｺｨｨｨｬ 06ｨ 08ｨ 0406ｨｬ, 0609ｨｪ0609ｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｨ010601ｨｨｨｰ0907 ｨｪｨ ｨｬｨ ｨｮ06 ｨｬｨｨ0008ｨ 02ｨｨ06 ｨｬ ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪ0609 ｨｨ ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ ｨｨ0806ｨｺｨｨ01 ｨｺ06 ﾂ000906ｨｺ ｨｰｨｨ02 (09ｨｰ0608ｨ ｨｨｨｪｨ ｨ 0900ｨｮ09ｨｰｨ ｨC ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ ｨｪｨｰ07ｨ 0807). 08ｨ ｨｺｨｰｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨ ｨｰ ﾂｨｨ ｨｨ060507, ｨｰ ｨｮ09ｨｰ07 1,5 ｨｪ ｨｨ ｨｰｨ 0609ｨｪ0609ｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｬｨ ｨｰ02ｨｪ020609, ｨｨ ｨ 0102ｨｪｨｨ07 09ｨｪ0200ｨ ｨｺｨｰ07ｨ 0802-ｨｪ0607ｨ 0802 ｨｨｨｪｨｰ02ｨｪ09ｨｨ09ｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ ｨ 0906ｨｺ ｨ ｨｬｨ 07 ｨｪｨｨ04ｨｺｨ 07, ｨｰ.ｨｺ ｨｰ06ｨｰ ｨｨ ｨ ｨｺｨｰｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨ ｨｺ0605ｨｨｨｪ ｨｪｨｺｨｨ ｨｰｨ 06ｨｰ 00ｨｮｨｪｨｺ02ｨｨ06ｨｪｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ, 09 05ｨｰ06ｨｰ ｨｨ ｨｰ 05ｨｨ03ｨｹ 07ｨｰｨｨ ｨｹ06 ｨｨ ｨｺｨｨ ｨｨ05ｨｨ 08ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07. 02ｨｰ010205ｨｹｨｪ0402 ｨｨｨｪ01ｨｨ09ｨｨ0104, ｨｴｨｨ ｨｰｨｨ02 ｨｪｨ 04ｨ ｨｺｨ 04, ｨｰ 09 ｨｰ02 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ02 00ｨｪ ｨｪｨ, 0601ｨｪｨ ｨｺ ｨｪ ｨｬ07 05ｨｰ ｨｰ0907 ｨｨ09ｨｺ0506 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ02ｨｬ. 0805ｨ 0909ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨｨｦ ｨ 08ｨ ｨ 09ｨｺｨｨｨｦ ｨｬ02ｨｰ ｨｰ050609ｨ 0906ｨｺ ｨC ｨｪｨ ｨｮｨ ｨｰ0507ｨｬｨｨ. 05ｨｨ08ｨｨｨｦ09ｨｺｨｨ , ｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｺ ｨ 0301ｨ ｨｪ ｨｨｨｨ, ｨｺ06ｨｰ ｨｮ ﾂｨｨ05ｨｨ09ｨｹ 06ｨｰ050609ｨｮ ｨｮ 09ｨｨ08ｨｨｨｦ020209, ｨｰ ｨｨｨｬｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ06 ｨｪｨ ｨ 0601ｨｪ ｨｮｨ 07, 0904ｨ 08ｨ ｨ ｨｨ04 ｨｬｨ 03ｨｨｨｪ ｨｨ09ｨ 01ｨｮ ｨｰ07ｨｴ ｨｺ0605ｨ ｨ 02ｨｪｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ 05ｨｰ06ｨｦ ｨｬ02ｨｰ0601ｨｨｨｺｨｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0609ｨ, ﾂｨｰ06 ｨｺ060001ｨ 0906ｨｺ ｨｮｨ 07, ｨｪｨ 0106 ｨ 0409ｨｰ ｨｪｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｪｨ ｨ 09ｨｰ06ｨｬ06ｨ ｨｨ0502, ｨｰ06ｨｬｨｮ ｨｰｨ ｨｺ06ｨｦ ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪ0706ｨｰ ｨｪｨ ｨｪ ｨｰ0207ｨｪ ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪ09ｨｰ09ｨ 01, ｨｨｨｬｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ ｨｮ09ｨｰ04ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｪ ｨｰ ｨｪｨｨ04ｨｺ06ｨｦ ｨｰ08ｨ 0906ｨｦ ｨｹ ｨｨ05ｨｨ ｨ 05ｨｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｪ ｨｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｺ06ｨｬ ｨｬ02ｨｰ ｨ % 0906ｨｺ ｨｨｨ ｨｪ02ｨｰ, ｨｨ 06ｨｪｨｨ ｨｮ ｨｰ 06ｨｰ , 04ｨ 07ｨｮｨｰｨ 0903ｨｨ09ｨｹ ｨｰ050701, 05ｨｨｨ 06 ｨ 0208ｨｮｨｰ ｨｮ0502ｨｰ ｨｰ ｨｬｨ ｨｪｨｪ ｨｮｨ ｨｰ050609ｨ, ｨｺｨ ｨｺ 0708ｨ 09ｨｨ0506, ｨｨ ｨｹ04ｨｮ06ｨｰ ｨ 09ｨｰ06ｨｬ06ｨ ｨｨ05ｨｨ 0001ｨｨ09ｨ 03, ｨｰｨ ｨｺ ｨｺｨ ｨｺ 06ｨｪｨｨ ｨｨｨｬ0206ｨｰ ｨｺｨｮ ｨｨｨｬ0609ｨｰｨｹ, ｨｮ06 09ｨｺ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｨ 06ｨｰｨｺ080409ｨ 06ｨｴｨｨ ｨｺｨｪｨ. 0809ｨｰ06ｨｬ06ｨ ｨｨ05ｨｨ ｨｪ ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｨ ｨｪ ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪ0705ｨｨ09ｨｹ ｨ ｨｬｨｨ , ｨｺ060001ｨ ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ ｨｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 09ｨｨ08ｨｨｨｦ09ｨｺｨｨｨｬｨｨ ｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨｪ ｨ ｨｦ06ｨｪ ｨｰｨ 07, 06ｨｪｨｨ 09ｨｰｨ 05ｨｨ ｨｨ ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｮｨ ｨｨ090704ｨ ｨｪｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｺ ｨｪ02ｨｬｨｮ ｨｺ06ｨｦ, ﾂｨｰ06

20 ｨｪｨ ｨｰ ｨｨｨｴｨｪｨｨｨｺｨｨ ｨｨ ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ 2007, ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｰ ｨｨｨｴｨｪｨｨｨｺ ｨｴｨｨｨｺ ｨｺ0605ｨ ｨｬｨｨ, ｨｨ04ｨｲ07ｨｰ04ｨｦ ｨｮ ｨｺ06ｨｪｨｰ08ｨ ｨ ｨ ｨｪ01ｨｨ09ｨｰ ｨｰ ｨ 0807 A box with confiscated falcons Photo by A. Kovshar ｨｺ06 09ｨｪｨｨ04ｨｨ ｨｰ ｨｮｨ 02ｨｦ ｨｨ ｨｮ010601ｨ 0706ｨｦｨｬｨ ｨｪｨｪ ｨｺ ｨ ｨｮｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0401 ｨｬ02ｨｰ0601ｨ ｨ ｨｰ0802ｨ ｨｮ06ｨｰ ｨ 08ｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ ｨｰ050609ｨ ｨｮｨ 02ｨｦ, 06ｨ 04 ﾂｨｪ ｨ 0409ｨ 06ｨｰ ｨｨ01 09 ｨ 05ｨｨ03ｨ ｨｦ03ｨｨ01 ｨｺ ｨｬ0209ｨｰｨｮ ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｪｨｪ ｨｮｨｪｨｺｨｰｨ ｨｬ0209ｨｰｨ 01 ｨｰ08ｨ 01ｨｨ02ｨｨ06ｨｪｨｪ ｨ 0906ｨｺ (0805ｨｰｨ ｨｦ, 09ｨ ｨｺｨ 09ｨｨ07, 0308ｨｨｨ ｨ ｨｦｨｺｨ 05ｨｹ02) ｨｮｨ ｨｨ 0708ｨｨ06ｨ 0802ｨｰｨ 06ｨｰ ｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨｮ ｨｬ0209ｨｰｨｪ ｨｪｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｨ ｨｰ ｨｬ0209ｨｰｨ ｨ 09 ｨｺｨ 08ｨｰ06ｨｪｨｪ0401 ｨｺ060806ｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｮｨ ｨｨ ｨｮｨｰ0907 ｨｨ0401ｨ 0502ｨｺｨ. 01ｨ 0708ｨｨｨｬ0208, 06ｨｮ09ｨ, ｨｪ0209ｨｬ06ｨｰ0807 ｨｪｨ ｨｨ090502ｨｺｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ ｨｨ ｨｺ06ｨｦ ﾂｨｨ090502ｨｪｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ06 ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ, ｨｹ04ｨｮ02ｨｰ0907 ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｹ0302ｨｦ ｨｮ050708ｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ ｨｨ , ｨｰ.ｨｺ. ｨｪｨ ｨ 0605ｨｹ0302ｨｦ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｨ 0200 ｨｰ020808ｨｨｨｰ0608ｨｨｨｨ ｨｪ02ｨｰ 09ｨｨｨｪｨ ｨｪｨｰ080607ｨｪ ｨｮ050702ｨｨｨｦ ｨｮｨ 02ｨｦ, ｨｨ ｨｨ01 04ｨ ｨｬ060302ｨｪ 05ｨｨ03ｨｹ ｨｬ ｨｰ08ｨ 0909ｨ ｨｬ, ｨｺ06ｨｰ ｨｺ06ｨｪｨｰ080605ｨｨ08ｨｮ06ｨｰ0907 ｨｬｨｨ05ｨｨ02ｨｨ02ｨｦ. 0002ｨｪ ｨ ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ ｨ 06ｨｰ050609ｨ 0906ｨｺ , ｨｪ ｨｬ07 ﾂｨ 09ｨｰ ｨ ｨｺｨｰｨｨｨｺｨｮ02ｨｬ04ｨｦ 0008ｨ 0301ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨｨｨｨ, ｨｨｨｬｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ ｨ ｨｬｨｨ 09 08ｨ 09ｨｺｨ 04ｨ, ｨC ｨｰｨ 09ｨｪ06ｨｦ 0902ｨｰｨｹ06 ｨｨ05ｨｨ 09ｨｨ05ｨｺ06ｨｬ ｨｪｨ 0106ｨ 04 ﾂｨｮ (09ｨｮ0905ｨｨｨｺｨ, 07ｨｨｨｴｨｮ01ｨｮ, ｨ ). 06ｨｰ06ｨｰ ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｨｨ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰ06 ｨｨ ｨｹ04ｨｮ02ｨｰ ｨｪ ｨ ｨｦ06ｨｪｨ ｨｺｨｨｨｬ ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｰ0602ｨｬ ｨｨ 00ｨｮ09ｨｰ06ｨｦ ｨｺｨｮ09ｨｰｨ 08ｨｪｨｨｨｺ060906ｨｦ 08ｨ 09ｨｰｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ06, ｨ ｨｬ02ｨｰ0601ｨ ｨｪ02 01ｨ 06ｨｰ ｨｨ ｨｮ05ｨｹｨｰｨ ｨｰ ｨｰ06ｨｰ ｨｬ02ｨｰ ｨ 04ｨｮｨｬ0209ｨ 02ｨｰ ｨｪｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨ ｨｨ ｨｨｨｨ 0906ｨｺ , ｨｨ0102ｨｪｨｰｨｨ00ｨｨｨｺｨ 02ｨｨ06 ｨｨ ｨｰｨｪｨｨ ﾂｨｹｨｨ ｨｨ09ｨ 01 ｨｪｨ ｨｬ0209ｨｰｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ ｨｨ ｨｨ ｨｹ04ｨｮ02ｨｰ ｨｪ0609ｨｪ06ｨｬ ｨｺ06 ｨｺ09ｨ 05ｨｨ00ｨｨ02ｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｬｨｨ ｨ ｨｬｨｨ. 01ｨ ｨｨｨ ｨｺｨｨｨｦ ｨ 06ｨｰ050609ｨ, ｨｺ06ｨｰ060804ｨｬ ｨｹ04ｨｮ06ｨｰ ｨｨｨｬｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ ｨｰｨｨ ｨｪ ｨｦ ｨｨ0601 ｨｪｨ 00ｨｪ ｨｮ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｺｨ 01 ｨC 06ｨｰ ｨ 01ｨｪ06ｨｦ 0902ｨｰｨｹ06 ｨｪｨ 0108ｨｮ ｨｨｨｴｨｪｨｨｨｺｨ, ｨｨｨｬｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ06 00ｨｨ05ｨｨｨｪｨ, 09ｨｰ0207ｨｪ ｨ, ｨｺｨｮ0800ｨ ｨｪｨｪｨｨｨｺｨ. 06ｨｰ06ｨｰ ｨｬ02ｨｰ0601 ｨｪｨ ｨｨｨ ｨｨ ｨｰ02ｨｪ ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ ｨｪｨｨｨｰ , ｨｰ.ｨｺ. ﾂｨ 09ｨｰ06 ｨｨ ｨｹ04ｨｮ02ｨｰ ｨｰ050609ｨ ｨｰｨｨ ｨｨ01 ｨｬ02 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ ｨ ｨｰ ﾂｨｨｨｺｨ ｨｬｨｨ. 0002ｨｰ ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪ ｨｰｨｨ080609ｨｺｨｨ 0906ｨｺ ｨｬ ｨ 07ｨｰｨｨ ｨ 04 ﾂｨｪ ｨｰ ｨｺ060806ｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｮｨｪｨｺｨｰｨ ｨｺｨｨ ｨｰｨｺｨｨ ｨｰｨｺ06ｨｦ ｨｨ ｨｹ04ｨｮ06ｨｰ ｨｺ06, ｨｪ0609ｨｪ06ｨｬ, ﾂｨｰ06ｨ 04 ｨｪ ｨｨ090502ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨｹ 09ｨｪｨｨｨｬｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｬ ｨｬ06ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｬｨ 03ｨｨｨｪ ｨｬｨｨ05ｨｨ02ｨｨ02ｨｦ ｨｰ ｨｺｨ ｨｺ 07ｨ 08ｨｰｨｨ ｨｬｨｨ08ｨｮ02ｨｰ0907, 07ｨｰｨｨ0204 ｨｮ ｨｰ0907, ｨ ｨｺｨｺｨｮ08ｨ ｨｰｨｪ ｨｪｨ 06ｨｰ0907 ｨｨ ｨｮ07ｨ ｨｺ ｨ 06ｨｰ ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪ ｨｰｨｨ080609ｨｺｨｨ ﾂ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02ｨｮ. 0102ｨ 0605ｨｹ03ｨｨ02 07ｨ 08ｨｰｨｨｨｨ ｨｰ ｨｮｨｬｨｺｨ ｨｮ ﾂｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｺ05ｨ 01ｨｨ. 0808ｨｮ07ｨｪ0402 ｨｮ07ｨ ｨｺ ｨ 06ｨｰ ｨｨｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ06 ｨｨ040006ｨｰ ｨｪｨｪ ｨｴｨｨｨｺｨｨ ｨｨ 06ｨｰ0708ｨ ｨｰ0907 ｨｺ06ｨｪｨｰ02ｨｦｨｪ0208ｨ ｨｬｨｨ. 0608ｨ ｨｪ ｨｰｨｨ080609ｨｺｨ 07ｨｰｨｨ02 06ｨ 04 ﾂｨｪ ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ ｨｰ ｨ ｨｪ0208ｨｪ0401 ｨｺ060806ｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｰ ｨｰｨｨ07ｨｬｨｨ 09 ｨ 06ｨｺ ｨｰ02ｨｪｨｺｨ 01, 06ｨ 03ｨｨｨｰ ｨｮ ｨｪｨｨ02ｨ 02ｨｬ06ｨｦ ｨｰｨｺｨ ｨｪｨｹ06, ｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｺ ｨｺｨ 08ｨｰ06ｨｪｨｪ0401 ｨｺ060806ｨ ｨｺｨ 01 ｨｨ ｨｮｨｺｨｰ0609, ｨｰｨｨ09ｨｪ ｨｮｨｬｨｺｨ 01, 09 ｨｰｨｮｨ ｨｮ09ｨ ｨ ｨｰｨｨ ｨ 06ｨｰ ｨｺ0506ｨ ｨｮ ﾂｨｺｨｨ. 03ｨｰｨｨ ｨ ｨｨ03ｨｨ09ｨ 06ｨｰ ｨｮｨｰ00ｨｬ ｨｪｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｰｨｪ04ｨｦ ｨｬｨ ｨｰ0208ｨｨｨ 05, 09 06ｨｰ010205ｨｹｨｪ ｨｮ ﾂｨ ｨｪ0609ｨ ｨｪｨｪ ｨｰｨｨ0204 ｨｮｨｺ05ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰ0907 ｨｪｨ 00ｨ ｨｪ0208ｨｪｨｮ ｨ 09ｨｰｨｨｨｪｨｮ, ｨｺ ｨｺ06ｨｰ060806ｨｦ 0708ｨｨｨｺ08ｨｮ ﾂｨｨ09ｨ 06ｨｰ ｨｺ06ｨｰ ﾂ02ｨｬ. 03ｨｰｨｨ0204 ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0302 ｨｬ0600ｨｮｨｰ ｨ 04ｨｰｨｹ 0706ｨｬ02ｨｴ02ｨｪ04 09 ｨｪ ｨ ﾂｨｪ ｨｨ05ｨｰｨｨ0502ｨｪ ｨ ｨｺ02ｨｰ ｨ ｨｪ ｨｰｨｨ080609ｨｺｨ ｨｮ07ｨ ｨｺ0609ｨ ｨｪｨｪ ｨｰｨｨ ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ ｨｰ ｨ ｨ 00ｨ 03ｨｪ06ｨｬ 06ｨｰ ｨｪｨｨｨｨ 09ｨ ｨｬ060500ｨｰｨ 05ｨｨｨ ｨ 0506ｨｪ02 09ｨ ｨｬ060500ｨｰｨ ｨｺ ｨｰｨ 09ｨｺｨ 07ｨｰｨｨ ｨ 0506ｨｪ 09ｨ ｨｬ060500ｨｰｨ 0609ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ ｨｰ0907, ｨｬｨｨｨｪｨｮ07 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨｮ ｨｬ06ｨｰ08ｨ ｨ ｨ 00ｨ 03ｨ, 07ｨｮｨｰ00ｨｬ ｨｺｨｮ07ｨ 0906ｨｰ08ｨｮ01ｨｪｨｨｨｺ0609 ｨ 09ｨｨｨ ｨｺ06ｨｬ07ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｦ ｨｰｨ 09ｨｺ02 07ｨｰｨｨ02 ｨｪｨ 09ｨ ｨｬ060500ｨｰ ｨｬ0600ｨｮｨｰ ｨ 04ｨｰｨｹ ｨｺ0506 ﾂ02ｨｪ ｨｰ08ｨｮ01ｨｪｨｨｨｺｨｨ 0905ｨｮ03ｨ ｨ 09ｨｨｨ 02ｨｨ06ｨｪｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨ ｨ 09ｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ, ｨｰｨ ｨｬ060302ｨｪｨｪ0401 ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ﾂｨｪ ｨｮ03ｨ. 0308ｨｨ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ02 04ｨ 0705ｨ ｨｰｨｮ 0905ｨｮ ﾂｨ ｨｦｨｪ ｨ 0909ｨ 03ｨｨ ｨｪｨ 09ｨｪｨｮｨｰ0802ｨｪｨｪｨｨ01 ｨ 09ｨｨｨ 0802ｨｦ09ｨ ｨｰ ｨｺ06ｨｪｨｰ08ｨ ｨ ｨ ｨｪ01ｨｨ09ｨｰｨｮ ｨｮ ﾂｨ ｨ 05ｨ ｨｺｨｨ 06ｨ ﾂｨｨｨｰｨｹ 05ｨｨ ﾂｨｪｨｮ06 ｨ ｨ 09ｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ ｨｨ ｨｮｨｦｨｰｨｨ 06ｨｰ 06ｨｰ0902ｨｰ09ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ. 00ｨ 05ｨｨ04ｨｨ ｨ ｨｰ0609, ｨｺｨ ｨｺ 0708ｨ 09ｨｨ0506, ｨｨｨｬ0206ｨｰ ｨｮｨｪｨｺｨｰ ｨｺｨｨ 07ｨｰｨｨ ｨｰ050609ｨｮ, 09ｨｺｨｮ07ｨｺ02 ｨｨ ｨｺ02 ｨｪ ｨｺ ｨｨ090502ｨｺｨ 06ｨｰ ｨｨｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨｰ04 ｨｨ04 ﾂｨｨ0905ｨ 0608ｨｪｨｨｨｰ , 0906ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｪｨｨｨｺ0609, 0906ｨｰ08ｨｮ01ｨｪｨｨｨｺ ｨｪｨｰ ｨｨ 0108ｨｮ00ｨｨ ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ ｨｰ0608ｨｨ07 09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｪｨｺｨ 07ｨｰｨｨ02, ｨｪｨｪ ｨｪ ｨ 09ｨｪｨｨ ｨ 08ｨ ｨ 04 ｨｨ ｨｹ040609ｨ 05ｨｨ ｨｰ04 07ｨｰｨｨ02, ｨｪｨｪ ｨｨｨｺ06ｨｦ 0708ｨｨ , ｨｨ ｨｨｨｬ0205ｨｨ ｨｰ0602 ｨｬｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ02 06ｨｰｨｪ0609ｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ ｨｪｨｪ ｨｪ ｨｰ06ｨｬｨｮ ｨｰｨｹ-0707ｨｰｨｪｨ 0102ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 0502ｨｰ ｨｪｨ 04ｨ 01 07ｨｰｨｨ0204 ｨｨ ｨｨ (09 ｨｰ. ﾂ. ｨｪ ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ0402) ｨｰｨ ｨｨ 04ｨｪｨ ﾂｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪｨｮ06 ｨｺ06ｨｪｨｺｨｮ0802ｨｪ02ｨｨ06 07ｨｰｨｨ02ｨ ｨｬ ｨｨ04 07ｨｨｨｰ06ｨｬｨｪｨｨｨｺ0609.

21 13Raptors Conservation Raptors Conservation 2007, ｨ 0709ｨ ｨｪ (Falco peregrinus), ｨ ｨｴ02ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ 09 07ｨｨｨｰ06ｨｬｨｪｨｨｨｺ ｨｰｨ ｨｦ 08ｨ 05ｨｹｨｺ06ｨｪ ｨｰ ｨｬ020507ｨｪ09ｨｺ A Peregrine Falcon (Falco peregrinus) bred in the 00Altai Falcon Center03. Photo by I. Smelansky , ｨｺ060001ｨ , 0609ｨｪ0609ｨｪ ｨｰｨ ｨ 0906ｨｺ , ｨｨ09ｨ 05ｨｨ ｨｺ06ｨｪ0902ｨｪ02ｨｨ , 0708ｨｨｨｰ06ｨｺ ｨｪｨ ｨ 08ｨ ｨ 09ｨｺｨｨｨｦ 0804ｨｪ06ｨｺ ｨｺｨ ｨｺ ｨｪ ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ0401, ｨｰｨ ｨｺ ｨｨ ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ ｨｰ ｨｪｨｪ ｨｨ ｨｰｨｨ02 04ｨｪｨ ﾂｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｰｨｨ ｨｬ02 ｨｰ060006, ｨｰ020702ｨｪｨｪ06 ｨｬ02ｨｪ0702ｨｰ0907 ｨｨ ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｰｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ ｨ 08ｨ ｨ 09ｨｺｨｨ ｨｰｨｪｨｨｨｺ0609, ｨｨ090704ｨｰｨ 0903ｨｨ01 ｨｪｨ ｨｪｨｪ ｨｨｨｰ06ｨｬｨｪｨｨｨｺｨ 01 07ｨｰｨｨ ｨｰ06ｨｬｨｮ 09 ｨｪｨ 09ｨｰ0607ｨｴ ｨｬ07 ｨｨｨｬ0202ｨｰ 09ｨｬ ｨｨｨｰｨｹ ｨｹ0004ｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｺ06ｨｪｨｺｨｮ0802ｨｪ02ｨｨｨｨ ｨｬ020301ｨｮ 07ｨｨｨｰ06ｨｬｨｪｨｨｨｺｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨｨ ｨｺ06ｨｪｨｰ08ｨ ｨ ｨ ｨｪ01ｨｨ09ｨｰｨ ｨｬｨｨ, ｨｨ ｨ 0605ｨｹ ｨｰ0209ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ ｨｪｨｺｨ ｨｪ02ｨｺ06ｨｰ ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪ ｨｪ ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ ｨｰｨｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｺ ﾂｨｰｨｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｦ ｨ 08ｨ ｨ 09ｨｺｨｨｨｦ 0906ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｪｨｨｨｺ ｨｮｨ ｨｨｨｪ02 01ｨｮ03ｨｨ ｨｬ02 ﾂｨｰｨ 02ｨｰ ｨｨｨｺ06ｨｬ ｨｺ ｨｨ 0006ｨｰ ｨ ｨｰｨｨｨｰｨｹ 04ｨ ｨｪ , ﾂ02ｨｬ 04ｨ 0906ｨｺ0605ｨ ｨｨ04 07ｨｨｨｰ06ｨｬｨｪｨｨｨｺｨ ｨｰ06 02ｨｴ ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ 0706ｨ ｨｮ0301ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｺ06ｨｪｨｰ08ｨ ｨ ｨ ｨｪ01ｨｨ09ｨｰ0609 ｨｪｨ ｨｨ00ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｪ ｨｨｨｺｨｨｨｬｨｨ03 07ｨｰｨｨ02ｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨｬ0209ｨｰ06 ｨｪｨ 0804ｨｪｨｺ02 09ｨｰｨ ｨｬ02ｨｰ06ｨｬ ｨｰ06 ﾂ00ｨｪｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨ 0608ｨｹｨ 04 ｨｬ020301ｨｮ 07ｨｨｨｰ06ｨｬｨｪｨｨｨｺｨ ｨｬｨｨ. 0308ｨｨ 05ｨｰ06ｨｬ 0708ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪ0706ｨｰ0907 ｨｨ 01ｨ 0502ｨｺｨｨ02 06ｨｰ 02ｨｨ09ｨｨ05ｨｨ040609ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0401 ｨｬ02ｨｰ ｨ 0608ｨｹｨ ｨｨ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ02ｨｬ ｨｬ020301ｨｮｨｪｨ ｨｪ ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｪ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ04ｨ 02ｨｨｨｦ, 09 ｨｺ06ｨｰ ｨｨ03 ｨｪ02ｨｺ06ｨｰ ｨｺ08ｨｮ07ｨｪ ｨｨ ｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｨ 0906ｨｺ ｨ ｨｪｨ 0906ｨｺ0605ｨｨｨｪｨｮ ｨｰｨｮ ｨｨｨｨ 03ｨｨｨｰ06ｨｬｨｪｨｨｨｺｨｨ ｨｨ 0202ｨｪｨｰ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｺｨｨ01 07ｨｰｨｨ ｨｨｨｨ ｨｨ ｨｪｨ ｨ 06ｨｰ ｨｮ06 06 ﾂ ｨｹ ｨ ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｨ ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ ｨｪ060006ｨｪ01ｨ ｨｺｨｨ01 09ｨｨ ｨｨｨｪｨｰ080601ｨｮｨｺ02ｨｨｨｨ ｨｨ080601ｨｮ, ｨ 00ｨ ｨｪ01ｨｮ 0906ｨｺ0605ｨｨｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｰ ｨｨ ｨｨ07ｨｪ, ｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0302 ｨｪ0206ｨ ｨｨｨｬ0609ｨｰｨｹ 0708ｨｨ06ｨｰ ｨ ｨｪ02ｨｪ0401 ｨｨ ｨ ｨ ｨｨ01 07ｨｰｨｨ02, 09 ｨｰ06ｨｬ ﾂｨｨ090502, ｨｺ06ｨｪ00ｨｨ09ｨｺ0609ｨ ｨｪｨｪ ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ04ｨｬｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｬｨｨ. 01ｨ ｨｪ0703ｨｪｨｨｨｦ 0102ｨｪｨｹ ｨｨｨｨ 09ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ09ｨｮ02ｨｰ ｨｪ02 ｨｬ02ｨｪ ｨｰｨ ｨｺｨｨ ｨｪｨｰ080609, 09ｨｺ0506 ﾂｨ ｨ 08ｨｺｨｨ, ｨｮ ｨｪ ｨｮ ﾂｨ 06ｨｴｨｨ ｨｺ0605ｨｨｨｪ ｨｰ06ｨｬ09ｨｰ ｨ ｨｰｨｬ02ｨｰｨｨｨｰｨｹ, ﾂｨｰ06 ｨｪｨｨ 0601ｨｨｨｪ ｨｨ04 ｨｪｨｨ01 ｨｪ ｨｰ ｨｰｨｨ00ｨｨ02ｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｬ 07ｨｨｨｰ06ｨｬｨｪｨｨｨｺ06ｨｬ ｨｺ0802ｨｰｨ 08ｨｨｨ ｨｰ ｨｺ06ｨｪ02ｨｮ ｨ ｨｪｨｪｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ 05ｨｰｨｨ ｨｪｨｰ ｨｨ090601ｨｨｨｰ ｨｺ ｨ ｨｺｨｰｨｨ09ｨｪ06ｨｬｨｮ 08ｨ 0409ｨｨｨｰｨｨ ｨｰ ﾂｨｨｨｬｨｨ 07ｨｰｨｨ02ｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨｨｨｨ ｨ 09ｨｰｨ 02ｨｰ ﾂｨｨ ｨｨ08ｨｬ, ｨｺ06ｨｰ , ｨｪｨ ｨｮ 09 06ｨ ｨｴ020708ｨｨｨｪ07ｨｰ04ｨｬｨｨ ｨｬｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨｰ04, ｨ 00ｨ 06ｨｰ ｨｰｨ ｨｺ ｨｰｨｮ ﾂｨｨｨｬｨｨ 07ｨｰｨｨ02ｨ ｨｬｨｨ: 0709ｨｰ0802ｨ ｨ ｨｬｨｨ, ｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨｨ 0906ｨｺ0605ｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨｮ050708ｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ ｨｰ ﾂｨｨｨｬｨｨ 07ｨｰｨｨ02ｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨｨｨｨ ｨ 09ｨｰｨ 02ｨｰ 09 ｨｺｨ ｨｬ ｨｬ, 06 ﾂ00ｨｬ ｨｬ0603ｨｪ06 09ｨｮ01ｨｨｨｰｨｹ ｨｰｨｪｨｨ ﾂｨｹｨｨｨｬ ｨｮｨｬｨ ｨｬ ｨｨ 06ｨ ｨｲ ｨｪｨｨ07ｨｬ ｨｺｨｮ07ｨｺ02 07ｨｰｨｨ02 09ｨｪｨｮｨｰ08ｨｨ ｨｨｨｨ. 05ｨｺ05ｨ ｨ 02ｨｰ ﾂｨ ｨｰ0502ｨｪｨｨ02, ﾂｨｰ06 09ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ09ｨｮ06ｨｴｨｨ02 07ｨｨｨｰ06ｨｬｨｪｨｨｨｺｨｨ, 09ｨｰ0605ｨｺｨｪｨｮ0903ｨｨ09ｨｹ ｨ 0502ｨｬ06ｨｦ 05ｨｺ ｨｰｨ ｨｨ01 07ｨｰｨｨ02 09 ｨ 08ｨ ｨ 09ｨｺｨｨ02 09ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪ04, 09ｨｰｨ 05ｨｨ ｨ ｨｺｨｰｨｨ09ｨｪ ｨ 09ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 0906ｨｺ0605ｨｨｨｪ04ｨｦ 0804ｨｪ06ｨｺ 09ｨｪｨｮｨｰ08ｨｨ ｨｨｨｨ. 0201ｨｪｨ ｨｺ ｨ 0409ｨｨｨｰｨｨ02 ｨｪｨ ｨｨｨｰ ｨｰ0607ｨｪｨｨｨｨ 0004ｨ ｨ 03, ｨｨ ｨｨ 09ｨｰ06ｨｨｨｰ 0603ｨｨ01ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 09ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ ｨｨ04ｨｬ02ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ07 09ｨｨｨｰｨｮｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ 09 ｨ 05ｨｨ03ｨ ｨｦ03ｨｨ02 10ｨC ｨｰ. 09ｨｨｨｰ0208ｨ ｨｰｨｮ08ｨ 08ｨ 0807ｨｺｨｨｨｪ ｨｪｨ ｨｰ ｨｨｨｴｨｪｨｨｨｺｨｨ 0708ｨ 05ｨｹ09ｨｺ ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ. 0506ｨｺ ｨ 08ｨ 04ｨｪ0402 (Falconiformes), ｨ 08ｨ 04ｨｪ0402 (Strigiformes) ｨｬｨｹ: ｨ 05ｨ /C060605, ｨｨｨｪ ｨ ｨｨ07 ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ 09 08ｨ 04ｨ 0109ｨｰｨ ｨｪ02. ｨC 08ｨｺｨｰｨｮｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ ｨ 0502ｨｬ04 ｨｨ04ｨｮ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪ04 07ｨｰｨｨ ｨｰ06 ﾂｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｨ ｨｪ06ｨｦ 0804ｨｨｨｨ. 00ｨ ｨｰ0208ｨｨｨ ｨｮｨｪｨ ｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｺ06ｨｪ ｨｪ02ｨｨｨｨ (XI 0208ｨｪｨｨｨｰ ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨ 07 ｨｺ06ｨｪ ｨｪ02ｨｨ07). 08ｨ 04ｨ ｨｪｨｹ: ｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｮ00ｨ ｨｰ ｨｦ0608ｨｰ0403, ｨC ｨ ｨｺ ｨ ｨｺ06ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ 06ｨｰ ｨｨ ｨｺ0802- ﾂ02ｨｰ ｨ ｨｬ ﾂｨ ｨｰｨｺｨｨ ｨC ｨｮ ｨ 09ｨ ｨｬ06ｨｬｨｮ 09ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ090609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ06 ｨｺｨ ｨｬ ﾂｨ ｨｰ09ｨｺ06ｨｦ ｨｮ050702ｨｨｨｨ 05ｨｰ ｨｨ01ｨ. ｨC ｨ ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨ ｨｨ0608ｨ 04ｨｪ0606ｨ 08ｨ 04ｨｨ07 08ｨ ｨｬ ﾂｨ ｨｰｨｺｨｨ ｨｨ 0708ｨｨ050200ｨ 06ｨｴｨｨ01 ｨｬ060802ｨｦ: 00ｨ ｨｰ0208ｨｨｨ ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｪｨ ｨｮ ﾂｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｺ06ｨｪ ｨｪ02ｨｨｨｨ. 0302ｨｰ080607ｨ ｨｺ-08ｨ ｨｬ- ﾂｨ ｨｰ09ｨｺｨｨｨｦ, ｨC ｨｰｨｺｨｨｨｪ , ｨｺｨｨｨｪ ｨ ｨｰｨｺｨｨｨｦ 06ｨｰ ﾂ02ｨｰ ｨｺ05ｨ 01ｨ ｨｬ, ｨｰｨ ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｬ ｨｪｨ ｨｴｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｨ 08ｨ ｨ 06 ﾂ02ｨｦ 0008ｨｮ ｨｬ0208ｨ ｨｬ 0708ｨｨｨｪｨｮ030102ｨｪｨｨ ｨ 05ｨ 09ｨｰｨｨ ｨｰ ｨｨ 0906ｨｺ0605ｨ ｨｬｨｨ. 21ｨC23 ｨｪ0607ｨ , 08ｨ ｨｮ-02ｨ ｨ ｨｨ, ｨC ｨｪｨ ｨｰ ｨｨｨｴｨｪｨｨｨｺｨｨ ｨｨ ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ, ｨC ｨｺ09 01., 09ｨ 08ｨｰ06ｨｪ 01., 0306ｨｰｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ 0906ｨｺ0605ｨ -ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｨ 0906ｨｺ0605ｨｨｨｪｨ ｨｰｨ. ｨC 05ｨｰ0207ｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨ ｨｰ02ｨｪｨｹ, ｨC33. Eastham, C., N. Fox, and J.L. Quinn. Saker (Falco cherrug) and Peregrine Falcons (Falco peregrinus) in Asia: Determining migration routs and trapping pressure. ｨC Proceedings of the V World Conference on Birds of Prey and Owls (B.-U. Meyburg and R.D. Chancellor, Eds). Hancock House, Blaine, Washington, pp. 247ｨC258. Riddle K.E., Remple J.D. Use of the Saker and other large falcons in Middle East falconry. ｨC Raptor Conservation Today. B.-U. Meyburg, R.D. Chancellor Eds. Pica Press, pp. 415ｨC420.

22 ｨｪｨ ｨｰ ｨｨｨｴｨｪｨｨｨｺｨｨ ｨｨ ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ 2007, ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｰ ｨｨｨｴｨｪｨｨｨｺ0609 The1 7results1 7of1 7the1 7project1 7on1 7illegal1 7falcon1 7trade1 7research in1 7the1 7Altai-Sayan1 7region1 7in ｨC2006 ｧｲｧｦｧｩｧｵｧｭｧｾｧｴｧ ｧｴｧｽ1 7ｧｱｧｲｧｰｧｦｧｬｧｴｧ 1 7ｧｱｧｰ1 7ｧｪｧｩｧｵｧｹｧｦｧｯｧｪｧﾀ1 7ｧｯｧｦｧｭｧｦｧ ｧ ｧｭｧｾｧｯｧｰｧ ｧｰ ｧｳｧｰｧｬｧｰｧｭｧｪｧｯｧｰｧ ｧｰ1 7ｧ ｧｪｧｩｧｯｧｦｧｳｧ 1 7ｧ 1 7ｧ ｧｭｧｴｧ ｧｦ-ｧｳｧ ｧﾁｧｯｧｳｧｬｧｰｧｮ1 7ｧｲｧｦｧ ｧｪｧｰｧｯｧｦ ｧ ｨC ｧ ｧ. Nikolenko1 7E.G.1 7(Siberian1 7Environmental1 7Center,1 7Novosibirsk,1 7Russia) ｧｯｧﾚ1 7ｧ爰ﾝｧﾖｧﾟ1 7ｧ焙1 7ｧｿ.ｧ.1 7(ｧｮｧ ｧｰｧｰ1 700ｧｳｧﾚｧﾒｧﾚｧ筴繖1 7ｧﾚｧﾛ1 7ｧ1 7ｧ爰ﾝｧ焙1 7ｧﾚｧ鬧ﾖｧ繖1 7ｧﾚｧﾛ1 7ｧ隗ﾖｧﾟｧ荅竅03,1 7ｧｯｧ爰ﾓｧ爰罘ﾚｧﾒｧﾚｧ筴繖1 7,1 7ｧｲｧ爰罘罘ﾚｧ) 0806ｨｪｨｰｨ ｨｺｨｰ: 0605ｨｹ09ｨｨ08ｨ 01ｨｨｨｺ060502ｨｪｨｺ ｨｨｨ ｨｨ0809ｨｺｨｨｨｦ 05ｨｺ ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨｨｦ 0202ｨｪｨｰ ｨｨ ｨｨｨ ｨｨ0809ｨｺ ｨ / ｨｰ0205./00ｨ ｨｺ09: +7(383) nikolenko@ecoclub.nsu.ru Contact: Elvira Nikolenko NGO Siberian Environmental Center P.O. Box 547 Novosibirsk Russia tel./fax: +7 (383) nikolenko@ecoclub.nsu.ru ｨｪｨｨ ｨｰｨ 02-05ｨ 07ｨｪ09ｨｺｨｨｨｦ ｨｨ06ｨｪ ｨｰ0907 ｨｬ0209ｨｰ06ｨｬ ｨｺ06ｨｪ0202ｨｪｨｰ08ｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ ｨｺ08ｨｮ07ｨｪ ｨｺ ｨｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｰｨｨ0502ｨｰｨｨ07 09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ0609ｨｪ04ｨｬ ｨｨ0006ｨｪ06ｨｬ ｨｪ ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ ｨ ｨｪｨｮ ｨｺ0605ｨｨｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｰ ｨｨｨｨ ｨ ｨｪ06 ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｪ06ｨｦ 09ｨｨｨｰｨｮｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ ｨｺ0605ｨｨｨｪ04ｨｬ ｨ ｨｨ04ｨｪ020906ｨｬ 09 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ06ｨｬ ｨｨ06ｨｪ02, ｨｺｨ ｨｺ ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ04ｨｬ, ｨｰｨ ｨｺ ｨｨ ｨｪ ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ04ｨｬ, ｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｺ ｨ ｨｪｨ 05ｨｨ04ｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｨｨｪ000608ｨｬｨ 02ｨｨ07, 0906ｨ 08ｨ ｨｪｨｪｨ 07 ｨｨ04 08ｨ 04ｨｪ0401 ｨｨ09ｨｰ06 ﾂｨｪｨｨｨｺ ｨｦ ｨｨｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｨ05ｨｨ09ｨｹ 09 08ｨ ｨｬｨｺｨ ｨｺｨｰｨ TRAFFIC Europe-Russia ｨ 05ｨ ｨ ｨｺ ｨｪ01ｨ 04ｨｮ ｨ (Rufford Foundation). 02ｨ ｨｪｨｪｨ 07 07ｨｮｨ 05ｨｨｨｺｨ 02ｨｨ ｨｰ0907 ｨ 09ｨｰ060809ｨｺ06ｨｦ, ｨｪ02 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ 09 ﾂｨｨｨｰｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｨ02ｨｨｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ06ｨｦ 07ｨｮｨ 05ｨｨｨｺｨ 02ｨｨ02ｨｦ TRAFFIC ｨｨ ｨｬ060302ｨｰ ｨｪ ｨ 01ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨ ｨｬｨｨ TRAFFIC, 0609ｨｪ0609ｨ ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｬｨｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｺ ｨｪｨ 05ｨｰｨｨ01, ｨｰｨ ｨｺ ｨｨ ｨｪｨ 0108ｨｮ00ｨｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ0401 ｨｬｨ ｨｰ0208ｨｨｨ 05ｨ 01, ｨｮ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｪ ｨｮ05ｨｹｨｰｨ ｨｰ02 ｨ ｨｨ0806ｨｺｨｨ01 ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｦ. The current state of the falcon trade and trafficking in the Altai-Sayan region has been investigated (fig.1). Investigations were carried out within the project TRAFFIC Europe-Russia with the support of the Rufford Foundation. Analysis of individual announces about purchase/sale of falcons We monitored Runet (the Russian segment of Internet) and issues of advertising newspapers from 2005 in order to search for individual adverts on the purchase or sale of falcons. We found 2 adverts about the sale of falcons and 9 ｨC about their purchase on Runet. There was one advert of a sale of the Peregrine Falcon in a Novosibirsk newspaper. This information has demonstrated that today demand does not predetermine the supply of falcons in Russia, because the falcon trappers are developing demand for the falcons. 04ｨｨ ｨｰｨ 02-05ｨ 07ｨｪ09ｨｺｨｨｨｦ 05ｨｺ ｨｨ06ｨｪ ｨｪ ｨ 0604ｨｪｨ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ07 09 ｨｰ02ｨｺ09ｨｰ02. Fig. 1. Altai-Sayan Ecoregion. Signs of the legend in text.

23 13Raptors Conservation Raptors Conservation 2007, ｨｰ0601ｨｨｨｺｨ 00 ｨｪｨ 09ｨｰ0607ｨｴ02ｨｬ ｨ ｨｪｨ 05ｨｨ ｨ 0909ｨｬｨ ｨｰ08ｨｨ09ｨ 02ｨｰ ｨｰｨ 02-05ｨ 07ｨｪ09ｨｺｨｨｨｦ 05ｨｺ ｨｨ06ｨｪ ｨｨ050200ｨ 06ｨｴｨｨｨｬｨｨ ｨｰ020808ｨｨｨｰ0608ｨｨ07ｨｬｨｨ ｨC ｨｬｨ ｨｺ ｨｨ06ｨｪ, 09ｨｺ0506- ﾂｨ 06ｨｴｨｨｨｦ ｨ 07 ｨｰ020808ｨｨｨｰ0608ｨｨ06 10 ｨ 01ｨｬｨｨｨｪｨｨ09ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｰｨｨ09ｨｪ ｨｨｨｪｨｨ02: ｨｨｨ ｨｨ0809ｨｺ06ｨｦ (010502), 0802ｨｬ ｨｺ06ｨｦ (0802) 06ｨ 05ｨ 09ｨｰ02ｨｦ ｨｨ 0608ｨｺｨｮｨｰ09ｨｺ06ｨｦ 06ｨ 05ｨ 09ｨｰｨｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｪ09ｨｺｨｨｨｬ 09ｨｮ0807ｨｰ09ｨｺｨｨｨｬ ｨ 09ｨｰ06ｨｪ06ｨｬｨｪ04ｨｬ 06ｨｺ08ｨｮ0006ｨｬ (060802, ), 0805ｨｰｨ ｨｦ09ｨｺ ｨｺ08ｨ 07 (0808), 0808ｨ 09ｨｪ ｨｺ ｨｺ08ｨ 07 (0808), ｨｮｨ 05ｨｨｨｺ 0805ｨｰｨ ｨｦ (0408), 09ｨ ｨｺｨ 09ｨｨ07 (0409), ｨ (0406), 09ｨｮ0807ｨｰｨｨ07 (0409) (08ｨｨ09. 1). 05ｨ ｨｨ ｨｺｨｰｨ ｨ 0405ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｮ06ｨｴｨ 07 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰｨ : ｨｪ06 09ｨｺｨ ｨｪｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｰｨｨ 08ｨｮｨｪ02ｨｰ ｨｪｨ ｨｬ02ｨｰ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｪ ｨ ｨｲ ｨｪｨｨｨｦ ｨｺｨｮ0705ｨｨ ｨ 03ｨｨ 0906ｨｺ ｨ ｨｺ0302 ｨｺ ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ06 ｨ ｨｨ ｨｨｨｪ00ｨｪ ｨｮ05ｨｹｨｰｨ ｨｰ 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰ ｨ ｨｪｨｰｨｮ ｨｰ0908ｨ ｨｴ02ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｪ ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ ｨｨ04ｨｲ07ｨｰｨｨ07 ｨｨ 06ｨ ｨｰｨ 09ｨｨ ｨｪ0902ｨｪ02ｨｨｨｨ ｨｨｨｦ09ｨｺ06ｨｦ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｨ 0805ｨｰｨ 02-05ｨ 07ｨｪ09ｨｺ ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ 03 ( , 00ｨｨｨｪｨ ｨｪ09ｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 WWF) ｨC 09ｨｺｨ ｨｪｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｨ0906ｨｺ 0802ｨｺ05ｨ ｨｬｨｪ ｨ 0402ｨｰ 04ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｰ02ｨｬｨｮ 06ｨ ｨｲ ｨｪｨｨｨｦ 06ｨ ｨ 02ｨｨ ｨｨ0906ｨｰｨｪ04ｨｬｨｨ (ｨｨ ｨｨ ｨｨ09ｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｬｨｨ), 0106ｨ 04ｨｰ04ｨｬｨｨ ｨｰｨ 02-05ｨ 07ｨｪ09ｨｺ06ｨｬ ｨｨ06ｨｪ02. 08ｨｪｨ 05ｨｨ ｨ ｨ ｨｪ 09 6 ｨ 01ｨｬｨｨｨｪｨｨ09ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｰｨｨ09ｨｪ ｨｪｨｰ08ｨ ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ ｨｨ0401ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07ｨｬ 09 ｨｺｨ ｨｬ, ｨｪ02ｨｬ 2ｨC3 ｨｨ04 ｨｺ06ｨｰ ｨ 05ｨｨ 06ｨ ｨｲ ｨｪｨｨ ｨ ｨｪ ｨ 08ｨ ｨｺｨｰ0208ｨ. 02ｨ ｨｲ ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｺｨ ｨｺ 09 00ｨ 0402ｨｰｨ 01, ｨｰｨ ｨｺ ｨｨ ｨｨ04 ｨｨｨｪｨｰ0208ｨｪ02ｨｰｨ 09 ﾂｨｨｨｰｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨｹ ｨｮｨｪｨｨｨｺｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ04ｨｬｨｨ, ｨｨ ｨｪ ｨ 01ｨ 05ｨｨ ｨｮ00ｨｨｨｬｨｨ 0706 ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪｨｨ ｨ 09ｨｰ0608ｨ, ｨｺ06ｨｪｨｰｨ ｨｺｨｰｨｪ04ｨｬ 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｬ ｨｨ ｨｰ02ｨｺ09ｨｰｨｮ 06ｨ ｨｲ ｨｪｨｨ07; 06ｨ ｨｲ ｨｪｨｨ07 06ｨｰ 0601ｨｪ ｨ 09ｨｰ0608ｨ 09 ﾂｨｨｨｰｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨｹ ｨｮｨｪｨｨｨｺｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ04ｨｬｨｨ, ｨｨ ｨｨ01 08ｨ ｨｺ ｨ ﾂ02ｨｰ ｨｬ ｨ ｨｪ04 04ｨ ｨｮ01ｨ 0809ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｪ ｨｰ08ｨｮｨｺｨｰｨｮ ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ (09 7 ｨ 01ｨｬｨｨｨｪｨｨ09ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｰｨｨ09ｨｪ ｨｪｨｰ08ｨ 01: ｨｨｨ ｨｨ0809ｨｺ, 09ｨ 08ｨｪｨ ｨｮ05, ｨｪ ｨｰｨ ｨｦ09ｨｺ, 0802ｨｬ , 0808ｨ 09ｨｪ ｨｺ, 08ｨ ｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｪ ｨｨ ) ｨｨ ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ0602 ｨｮ0708ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｨ080601ｨｪｨ ｨ (000609ｨｺ09ｨ ) 04ｨ ｨｨ ｨC : 1) ｨｦ09ｨｰ09ｨｮ06ｨｴｨｨ01 07ｨｨｨｰ06ｨｬｨｪｨｨｨｺｨ 01 ｨｨ 0108ｨｮ00ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ04ｨ 02ｨｨ0701, ｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ ｨｺ06ｨｰ ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨ 04 ﾂ02ｨｦ, 08ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02ｨｬ ｨｨ/ｨｨ05ｨｨ ｨ 0302ｨｦ 01ｨｨｨｴｨｪ ｨｰｨｨ02, 09ｨｪ020900ｨｪｨｪ ｨ 09ｨｪｨｮ06 08ｨｪｨｨ00ｨｮ 0408; 2) ｨｰｨｮ07ｨｨ0903ｨｨ01 04ｨ 0709ｨｺｨ 01 ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｪ ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ06ｨｦ 0905ｨｮ03ｨ 06ｨｦ ｨｨ080601ｨｪｨ ｨ 08ｨ ｨｪｨｨ0701 ｨｪｨ 0106ｨ 04 ﾂｨｮ ｨｨ04 01ｨｨｨｺ06ｨｦ 0708ｨｨ ｨｨ/ｨｨ05ｨｨ ｨｪｨ 05ｨｺ ｨｰ 01ｨｨｨｴｨｪ ｨｰｨｨ02, 09ｨｪ020900ｨｪｨｪ ｨ 09ｨｪｨｮ06 08ｨｪｨｨ00ｨｮ 0408 (09ｨｺ0506 ﾂｨ 07 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ ｨ 0709ｨｨｨｰ020507); 3) ｨｪｨｪ0401 ｨｪｨ 08ｨｮ0302ｨｪｨｨ0701, ｨ ｨｪｨｪ ｨｰ ｨｬ, ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02ｨｬ, ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪ ｨｰｨｨ080609ｨｺ06ｨｦ ｨｨ ｨｰ ｨｬ 06ｨ ｨｰ06ｨｬ 01ｨｨｨｴｨｪ ｨｰｨｨ02, 09ｨｪ020900ｨｪｨｪ ｨ 09ｨｪｨｮ06 08ｨｪｨｨ00ｨｮ Analysis of official reaction of the governmental bodies We made official requests to all state nature protection organizations in the region. We requested information on organizations running a business connected with catching, capturing and selling the birds of prey, listed in the Red Data Book of the RF, and on received claims and arranged permissions for their catching in the wild and their export; about revealed infringements connected with their catching, keeping, transporting and trading. Only two departments of the Service of Supervising for Hunting (Altai Kray and Republic of Khakasia) and only two departments of the Service of Supervising for Nature Management (Krasnoyarsk Kray and Republic of Khakasia) have provided such information in the period under the question. The department of the Service of Supervising for Hunting of Altai Kray has reported regular detentions of poachers and smugglers (44 events). However such activity is no longer part of the organization ｯs responsibilities since 2004, and arrests ended up with minimal fines for the hunt rule breach and the illegal catching of pigeons. No criminal charges were brought in. Following the received official replies we can conclude that today no state nature protection organization manages the illegal falcon trapping and trade. Legal catching with special permission is virtually absent in the region for many years. Rare cases of arrests are not publisized and are not used in the practice of operative services. The Service of Supervising for Nature Management of Altai Kray was the only one to inform us about the export licenses issued by the Center for Captive-Breeding of Rare Birds 00Altai Falcon03, which gave permission for the export of 40 sakers, for sale of 70 sakers inside the country, and the releasing of 20 sakers in the wild in Analysis of the information received from the Siberian Customs The Siberian Customs (SC) has informed us about data on the official export of falcons for the period 2000 to 2006 (Table 1). A simple comparison of the data from the customs and the data from the sources given above has demonstrated that there were more than just 00Altai-Falcon03 falcons exported under the license. The absence of such information in regional departments of the Service of Supervising for Nature Manage-

24 ｨｪｨ ｨｰ ｨｨｨｴｨｪｨｨｨｺｨｨ ｨｨ ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ 2007, ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｰ ｨｨｨｴｨｪｨｨｨｺ ｨｰ0207ｨｪ0402 ｨｺ06ｨｰ050609ｨｨｨｪ04 06ｨｮ0904 ｨC ｨｰｨｨ07ｨｨ ﾂｨｪ0402 ｨｬ0209ｨｰｨ 06ｨ ｨｨｨｰｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ. 0806ｨｰ ｨｨｨｺ060502ｨｪｨｺ06 The steppe depressions of Tuva are typical inhabitance places for Saker Falcon. Photo by E. Nikolenko 06ｨ ｨｺ0302 ｨｮ 05ｨｨｨ ｨｨ0809ｨｺ ｨｰｨ ｨｬ060302ｨｪｨｪ ｨｮ0708ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 (050607) ｨ 0405ｨｨ 04ｨ ｨｪ04 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ ｨｰｨ ｨｰｨｨ09ｨｰｨｨｨｺ ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ ｨｺ ｨｰｨ ﾂ ｨｰｨ ｨｬ060302ｨｪｨｪ ｨｮｨｪｨｺｨｰ ｨｨｨｴｨｪ ｨｰｨｨ02, 09ｨｪ020900ｨｪｨｪ ｨｨ ｨｪｨｨ , ｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｺ ｨｪｨｪ0401 ｨｪｨ 08ｨｮ0302ｨｪｨｨ0701, ｨ ｨｪｨｪ ｨｨ ｨｬ02ｨｴ02ｨｪｨｨ02ｨｬ ﾂ ｨｮ01ｨ 0809ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪｨｮ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02ｨｮ 0408, 04ｨ ｨｨ ｨC ｨｪ06 09ｨｺｨ ｨｪｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｰｨｨ 08ｨｮｨｪ02ｨｰ ｨｨ 0906ｨ 08ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｨｨｪ000608ｨｬｨ 02ｨｨ07 ( ｨｨ0404 ｨｨ ｨｰ02ｨｬｨ ｨｰｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨ02 09ｨｰｨ ｨｰｨｹｨｨ) ｨｮ ﾂｨ ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 05ｨｨ ｨｺ0605ｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｬ ｨ 0405ｨｨ 0106ｨ ｨ ｨｪ ｨｪｨｨ07, ｨｮ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｪ0402 ｨｨ ｨｮ01ｨ 0809ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｪ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ04ｨ 02ｨｨｨｦ ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｺ02ｨｰ ｨｨｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨｰ ｨｮ05ｨｹｨｰｨ ｨｰ02 ｨ 0405ｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｪｨ ｨ ｨ 04ｨ ｨｨ ｨｮ ﾂｨ ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 05ｨｨ ｨｺ0605ｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨｨ05ｨｨ 0608ｨｮ01ｨｨ07ｨｬｨｨ ｨ ｨｨ09ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07ｨｬｨｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｮ ﾂｨ ｨ ｨｺ0302 ｨ 0405ｨ ｨｮ ﾂ02ｨｪｨ ｨｨｨｪ000608ｨｬｨ 02ｨｨ ｨｮ ﾂｨ ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 05ｨｨ ｨｮ01ｨｨ07ｨｬｨｨ ｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｦ09ｨｺ06ｨｬ ｨｺ08ｨ 02, ｨｪ06 06ｨｪｨｨ ｨｪ02 ｨ 0405ｨｨ 09ｨｺ0506- ﾂ02ｨｪ04 09 ｨ ｨ 04ｨｮ ｨｨ 09 06ｨｰ09ｨｮｨｰ09ｨｰ09ｨｨ02ｨｬ 01ｨ ｨｰ ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪ0609ｨｰ02ｨｦ. 01ｨ 0609ｨｪ0609ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｨ 0906ｨ 08ｨ ｨｪｨｪ ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0401 ｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｪ 0907ｨｨ0906ｨｺ ｨｪｨ 08ｨｮ03ｨｨｨｰ020502ｨｦ (47 ﾂ ｨｺ), 04ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｪ ｨ 04ｨｪ ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ ｨ 0408ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰｨ ｨｪｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｺ02ｨｰｨ ｨｨ ｨｪ06 ｨ ｨｪｨｺ02ｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｨｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨｰ0609 ｨｨ 05ｨｨ02, ｨｨｨｬ0206ｨｴｨｨ01 06ｨｰｨｪ060302ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｺ 06ｨ ｨｰｨｮ 01ｨｨｨｴｨｪ ｨｰｨｨ ｨｰｨ 02-05ｨ 07ｨｪ09ｨｺ06ｨｬ ｨｨ06ｨｪ ｨｪ ｨｨｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨｰ0609-ｨ ｨｨ , 0906ｨｰ08ｨｮ01ｨｪｨｨｨｺ ｨｮ01ｨ 0809ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ0401 ｨｨ 06ｨ ｨｴ0209ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｪ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ04ｨ 02ｨｨｨｦ, ｨｰ ｨｨ ｨｨｨｪ090702ｨｺｨｰ , 0906ｨｰ08ｨｮ01ｨｪｨｨｨｺ ｨｨｨｰ06ｨｬｨｪｨｨｨｺ0609 ｨｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｺ09ｨｨ010208ｨｬｨｨ09ｨｰ ｨｨｨｰ ｨ ｨｪｨ 05ｨｨ04ｨ ｨ 0405ｨｨ ｨｰ04 ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ0402 ｨ ｨｪｨｺ02ｨｰ04, ｨｪ0102ｨｪｨｰ04 ｨｺ06ｨｰ ｨ ｨｨ ｨｨｨｪ000608ｨｬｨ 02ｨｨ02ｨｦ ｨｮ ﾂｨ 0701 ｨｨ ｨｬ02ｨｰ0601ｨ 01 ｨｪ0204ｨ ｨｺ06ｨｪｨｪ ｨ 0409ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｺ ｨ ｨｰ06ｨ 08ｨ ｨｪ06 28 ｨ ｨｪｨｺ02ｨｰ. 00 ｨ ｨｪｨｺ02ｨｰｨ 01 04ｨ 0708ｨ 03ｨｨ09ｨ 05ｨ 09ｨｹ ｨｨｨｪ000608ｨｬｨ 02ｨｨ ｨｮ06ｨｴｨｨｨｬ ｨｰ02ｨｬｨ ｨｬ: 1) ｨｨ04ｨｬ02ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ02 09ｨｨｨｰｨｮｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ 09 ｨｪ ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ04ｨｬ ｨｬ 0906ｨｺ ; ment points out that the export was perhaps illegal and the documents were forged. However additional information is needed for further investigation of these facts. SC has also given the information about 10 cases of arrests in 2000ｨC06: criminal actions were brought in 6 cases of transporting 44 sakers and 2 gyrs across the state border of RF, and administrative actions were brought in 4 cases since the trafficked birds found were not claimed by anybody. Analysis of the questionnaire of specialists We analyzed a questionnaire sent off to 137 specialists and individuals dealing with the trade of birds of prey in the Altai-Sayan region. In total we gathered 28 returned questionnaires. Not all regions were covered by our questionnaire (fig. 3) because of a small numbers of specialists in some remote regions and who were difficult to contacting. The illegal trapping has appeared in the region more than 10 years ago, first in the Altai region, then in the Sayan region (fig. 5). More than a half of the respondents (57.14%) believed that the illegal trapping has decreased in last 5 years from a common widespread phenomenon into a rare or very rare event (fig. 6). However 39.29% of the respondents did not answer the question. Almost all respondents (51.86%, n=54) indicate the States of the Arabian Peninsula (especially UAE, Syria, Jordan, Saudi Arabia) as countries of origin of poacher and smuggler groups, as well as the Caucasian region (16.66%; especially Azerbaijan and Chechnya), followed by the countries of Middle Asia (12.96%). China, Mongolia and Ukraine were noted only once (fig. 9). The most intensive trapping has noted on the steppe regions of Khakasia, in Mongun- Taiga region of Tuva, Kosh-Agach region of the Republic of Altai, also in steppe foothills of Altai (fig. 10). The questionaries state that the Saker Falcon is the most commonly trapped ｨC 58.14% (n=43), followed by the Peregrine Falcon ｨC 27.91%, and only 13.95% of specialists (from Altai Kray, Republic of Altai and Irkutsk district) mentioned the Gyrfalcon. Near 100 sakers, several tens of peregrines and 20ｨC30 gyrs are caught in the region every year. The state of the wild populations of the Peregrine Falcon in the region is estimated as stable (fig. 13). However, the numbers of the Saker Falcon and Gyrfalcons are decreas-

25 13Raptors Conservation Raptors Conservation 2007, ｨｪ06-09ｨｰ0207ｨｪ06ｨｦ 05ｨ ｨｪ0103ｨ 00ｨｰ 06ｨｮ ｨｰ ｨｨｨｺ060502ｨｪｨｺ06 The mountain steppe landscape of Tuva. Photo by E. Nikolenko 2) ｨｪｨｺｨ ｨｺ0605ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｰ09ｨ 0008ｨｮ ｨｪｨｨ02 2ｨC ｨ ｨｨ 3ｨC5 0502ｨｰ ｨｪｨ 04ｨ 01 ; 3) ｨｬｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｨ 09ｨｺｨｮ07ｨｴｨｨｨｺ0609; 4) ｨｬ0209ｨｰｨ 06ｨｰ050609ｨ 0906ｨｺ ; 5) ｨｬｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ02 06 ｨｬ0209ｨｰｨ ｨｺｨｨ, ｨｬ02ｨｰ0601ｨ ｨｨ ｨｨ ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪ ｨｰｨｨ080609ｨｺｨｨ 0906ｨｺ ; 6) ｨｬｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ ｨｪｨ 08ｨ 04ｨｪ ｨｰｨｨ02; 7) ｨｨｨｪ000608ｨｬｨ 02ｨｨ ｨｪｨ 01 ｨｪｨ 0906ｨｺ ; 8) ｨｪｨｺｨ ｨｪ ｨｰ050609ｨ ( ｨｨ01ｨ ｨｬ); 9) 0905ｨｨ07ｨｪｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｮ050702ｨｨｨｨ; 10) 06ｨｰ08ｨ 0302ｨｪｨｨ ｨ 0502ｨｬ ｨｨ 06ｨｰｨｪ060302ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｪｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ ｨｺ ｨｪ ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ06ｨｬｨｮ ｨｮ 0906ｨｺ ; 11) 0905ｨｮ ﾂｨ ｨｨ 04ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｪ ｨ ｨｨ ｨｺｨｮ07ｨｴｨｨｨｺ0609; 12) ｨｪｨ ｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 04ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｪ ｨｨ/ ｨｨ05ｨｨ ｨｺｨｮ07ｨｴｨｨｨｺ0609; 13) 0905ｨｮ ﾂｨ ｨｨ ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ ｨｰ050609ｨ 0906ｨｺ ｨｰ02 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｰ. 08ｨｪｨｺ02ｨｰｨ ｨ 0405ｨ ｨｰ080602ｨｪｨ ｨｨｨｪ02ｨｨ07ｨｮ ｨｰ0209ｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07: ｨｨ ｨｪｨｪ ｨ 08ｨｨｨ ｨｪｨｰ ｨｰ0902ｨｰｨ ｨｪ0102ｨｪｨｰ ｨｬ ｨ 08ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 0601ｨｨｨｪ ｨｨ05ｨｨ ｨｪ0209ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺ ｨｺｨ ｨ 0904 ﾂｨｨ ｨ 09ｨｹ ｨｺｨ ｨ 08ｨｨｨ ｨｪｨｰｨ 06ｨｰ0902ｨｰｨ ｨｪｨｰｨ 01 06ｨｰ 06ｨ ｨｴ ﾂｨｨ0905ｨ 06ｨｰ0902ｨｰ0609 ｨｪｨ 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ , ｨｺ06ｨｰ ｨ ｨｪ03ｨｨ080609ｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨｹ ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ ｨｬ ｨｮ05ｨｹｨｰｨ ｨｰ04 08ｨｪｨ 05ｨｨ04 06ｨ ｨｲ ｨｪｨｨｨｦ 06 ｨｺｨｮ ｨ ｨｺ ｨｮｨｪ02ｨｰ02 ｨｨ 0802ｨｺ05ｨ ｨｬｨｪ ｨ 0402ｨｰｨ ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪ09ｨｰ ｨｮ0909ｨｺ ﾂｨｪ ｨｨｨｪｨｰ0208ｨｪ02ｨｰｨ ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ 08ｨｮ0302ｨｪ06 2 ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｪ ｨ ｨｲ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｺｨｮ07ｨｺ ｨｺ ｨｨ 9 ｨC ｨ ｨｺ ｨ ｨｲ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｺｨｮ07ｨｺ ｨｺ ｨ ｨｪ04 ｨｨ ｨｺ ｨ 0605ｨｹ0306ｨｦ ｨｰｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ06, 07ｨｰｨｨ ｨｨ06ｨ 0802ｨｰｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨｹ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 09 ｨｺｨ ﾂ0209ｨｰ ﾂ02ｨｦ 07ｨｰｨｨ0204, ｨｬ0603ｨｪ06 ｨC ｨｺｨ ｨｺ ｨｪｨｨｨ ｨｮ01ｨｹ 07ｨｨｨｰ06ｨｬｨｪｨｨｨｺｨ ｨｨ05ｨｨ 0202ｨｪｨｰ08ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ06. 02ｨ ｨｲ ｨｪｨｨ ｨ ｨ ｨｪ04 ｨｨ04 07ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｨｨｪ04, 08ｨ 04ｨ 0109ｨｰｨ ｨｪｨ, ｨｺ0904 ( ing. The majority of respondents (76.92%, n=26) considers that reports about the falcon problem appear in the mass media not every year, 15.38%, 15.38% ｨC several times per year and 7.69% suppose that the mass media does not mention the falcon. Little or no information was reported about administrative and criminal actions against the poachers and smugglers. Analysis of arrests made in the progress of catching and trafficking of the falcons We have compiled the database contained 64 detailed events of detentions of poachers and smugglers with falcons or tools for catching with each event descriptions based on the sources from the Runet, data from the state bodies of nature protection and the questionnaires. Since 2000, the average number of illegally trapped birds reported in an incident was 13 birds in the Altai-Sayan region, 24 ｨC in Europe, 20 ｨC in the Far East. Far East customs officials claim only 1 out of 10 smugglers is arrested. Following such estimations we can estimate that 130 birds are being caught every year in the Altai-Sayan region, 200 ｨC in Far East and 240 birds ｨC in other regions. The comparisons of the tables 2 and 3 demonstrates that the largest bulk of the of arrests was reported during inspective trips of officials of the Service of Supervising for Hunting of the Altai Kray. It is followed by the detentions at airports during check-ins and boarding the plane (27 events) ｨC almost all registered events occurred in Europe (Moscow, Ekaterinburg, Sochi, Ukraine) and in the largest cities of Siberia. The lowest numbers of detentions are reported on trains, highways and at state borders. The sharp decline of detention numbers was noted in 2003 but rose once again in 2004ｨC2005 (Table 4). Specialists attribute the decline of 2003 with the aftermath of the 9ｨC 11 events and with the wars in Afghanistan and Iraq. The increasing numbers of detention in 2004ｨC2005 are the result of raising the demand for gyrfalcons and increased traffic through Far East, complemented by the decline of nature protection measures in Siberia. Conclusion The illegal falcon trade greatly exceeds the legal trade. The total lack of any activities by the government organizations to curb the illegal trade is complemented with lack

26 ｨｪｨ ｨｰ ｨｨｨｴｨｪｨｨｨｺｨｨ ｨｨ ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ 2007, ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｰ ｨｨｨｴｨｪｨｨｨｺ ｨ ｨｲ ｨｪｨｨ07) ｨｨ 0805ｨｰｨ ｨｦ09ｨｺ ｨｺ08ｨ 07 (1 06ｨ ｨｲ ｨｪｨｨ02) ｨｪ02ｨｬ 0905ｨｮ ﾂｨ 02, ｨ 0204ｨｮ ｨｪ06, ｨ 09ｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨｹ 0906ｨｺ0605ｨ, ｨｪ ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ06 06ｨｰ ｨｪｨｪ ｨｰｨ 02-05ｨ 07ｨｪ09ｨｺ06ｨｬ ｨｨ06ｨｪ ｨｪ06ｨｬ 06ｨ ｨｲ ｨｪｨｨｨｨ ｨｨ04 02ｨｪ ｨｰ ｨｺｨ ｨ 00ｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨｹ ｨｪ02 ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ ｨｺ0605ｨ, ｨ 0008ｨ 04ｨｪ ｨｺｨｨ02 07ｨｰｨｨ0204, 06ｨ ｨｨｨｰｨ 06ｨｴｨｨ02 ｨｪｨ 07ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｨｨｪ ｨ ｨｲ ｨｪｨｨ0701 ｨｬ0209ｨｰ ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨ 09ｨｰ0608ｨ ｨｪ02 ｨｮｨｺｨ ｨ ｨｹ ｨｨ09ｨｺｨ ｨｺ05ｨ ｨｬｨｪ ｨ 0402ｨｰ 04ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｦ0102ｨｪ06 ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ ｨ ｨｲ ｨｪｨｨ ｨ ｨ 0709ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｨｨ ｨｨ0809ｨｺ02. 06ｨ ｨｺｨｨｨｬ 06ｨ 08ｨ 0406ｨｬ, ｨｰ06ｨｦ 0904ｨ 0608ｨｺ02 06ｨ ｨｲ ｨｪｨｨｨｦ 09ｨｨ01ｨｪ06, ﾂｨｰ ｨｨｨｨ 08ｨ 0409ｨｨ09ｨ 02ｨｰ ｨｪｨｮｨｰ0802ｨｪｨｪｨｨｨｦ 0804ｨｪ06ｨｺ 0906ｨｺ , ｨ ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ, 09ｨｺ , ｨｮ050708ｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ06 05ｨｰｨｨ01 07ｨｰｨｨ ｨｨ 0506ｨ ｨｨｨｰ020502ｨｦ. 02ｨ ｨｪｨｪ ｨ ｨｲ ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｪ ｨｰ 09ｨｮ01ｨｨｨｰｨｹ 06 ｨｰ06ｨｬ, ｨｪｨ 04ｨｪｨ ﾂ02ｨｪ04 05ｨｨ 07ｨｰｨｨ ｨｺ ｨｰｨ 09 ｨ 08ｨ ｨ 09ｨｺｨｨ02 09ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪ04, ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0302 ｨｺｨ ｨｺ ｨｨ ｨｪ02ｨｰ ｨｪｨｨｨｺｨ ｨｺ06ｨｦ 00ｨ 08ｨ ｨｪｨｰｨｨｨｨ, ﾂｨｰ ｨｺｨｮ07ｨ ｨｰ020507ｨｬｨｨ ｨ ｨｪ ｨｮ ﾂｨ 0701 ｨｪ02 09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ060907ｨｰ ｨｺｨｮ07ｨｴｨｨｨｺｨｨ ｨｺ0605ｨｨｨｪ ｨｪｨｺ ｨ 05ｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 06ｨ ｨｲ ｨｪｨｨｨｦ ｨ 0302 ｨｮｨｺｨ ｨ 02ｨｰ ｨｪｨ ｨｰ06, ﾂｨｰ06, 09 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ06ｨｬ 0905ｨｮ ﾂｨ 02, ｨｪ ｨｰ ｨｪｨｨ02, ｨ ｨｪｨ 06ｨ ｨｰ, ｨｺ ｨ 0409ｨｨ09ｨ 06ｨｰ ｨｪｨｮｨｰ08ｨｨ 09ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪ ｨｮ09ｨｰ06ｨｰｨ ｨｴｨ 01ｨｺｨｨ ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ ｨｺ05ｨ ｨｬｨｪ ｨ 0402ｨｰ ｨｮｨｺｨ ｨ 02ｨｰ, ﾂｨｰ06, , ｨ ｨｺ ｨｨ02ｨｪｨｰｨｨ08ｨｮ06ｨｰ0907 ｨｪｨ ｨｦ09ｨｺｨｮ06 ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｹ 09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ04, ｨｰ , 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ 0804ｨｪ06ｨｺ ｨｨ06ｨｪ02 09ｨｺ0804ｨｰ (ｨｰ.02. ｨｪ ｨｹ04ｨｮ02ｨｰ ｨｰｨｺ0804ｨｰ04ｨｬｨｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｪｨ 05ｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨｨ 0706ｨｺｨｮ07ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹ ｨ ) ｨｨ05ｨｨ 06ｨｰ09ｨｮｨｰ09ｨｰ09ｨｮ02ｨｰ, 09 ｨｰ0802ｨｰｨｹｨｨ01, ｨｮ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｪｨｨｨｺｨｨ 0804ｨｪｨｺｨ ｨｹ04ｨｮ06ｨｰ0907 ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｹ0302ｨｦ ｨｮ070409ｨｨｨｬ0609ｨｰｨｹ ｨｴｨ 01ｨｺｨｨ ｨｨｨｪｨｰ0208ｨｪ02ｨｰ. 0005ｨ 0102ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｨｨｪ000608ｨｬｨ 02ｨｨ02ｨｦ ｨｮ01ｨ 0809ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｬｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨ ｨｪ ｨｨ ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ ｨｮ0708ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｨ080601ｨｪｨ ｨ (000609ｨｺ09ｨ ) ｨ ｨｮ ﾂ02ｨｪ 06ｨｰ0902ｨｰ, ﾂｨｰ06 ｨｮｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｪｨｪ ｨｪｨｨ07 06ｨｪｨｨ ｨｪ02 ｨｬ0600ｨｮｨｰ ｨｰｨ 09ｨｨｨｰｨｹ 0706 ｨｰ0201ｨｪｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨｨｬ 0708ｨｨ ﾂｨｨｨｪｨ ｨｬ ｨｨ06ｨｪｨｮ ｨ ｨ ｨ ｨｪ ｨｨ09ｨｹｨｬｨ, ｨｮ ﾂ02ｨｪ ｨｰ0902ｨｰ ｨｰ0902ｨｰｨｨ05ｨｨ 0708ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｪ ｨｰ08ｨｮｨｺｨｰｨｮ ｨｨ 0801ｨｬｨｨｨｪｨｨ09ｨｰ08ｨ 02ｨｨ ｨｮｨ ｨｲ02ｨｺｨｰ ｨｬ ｨｺ06ｨｦ 06ｨ 05ｨ 09ｨｰｨｨ, 0808ｨ 09ｨｪ ｨｺ ｨｺ08ｨ 07, ｨｮｨ 05ｨｨｨｺ 0805ｨｰｨ ｨｦ, 09ｨ ｨｺｨ 09ｨｨ07 ｨｨ ｨ ｨC ｨｨ01ｨｨｨｬ06ｨｬｨｮ, ｨｨ ﾂｨｨｨｪ02 ｨｰ060006, ﾂｨｰ06 04ｨ 0708ｨ 03ｨｨ09ｨ 02ｨｬ ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｪ02 ｨｪｨ ｨｰ ｨｨ01 ｨｺ06ｨｬ0702ｨｰ02ｨｪ02ｨｨｨｨ ｨｮ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｪ ｨｰ0902ｨｰ04 ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｦ ｨｨ080601ｨｪｨ ｨ ｨｮｨｺｨ ｨ 06ｨｰ ｨｪｨ ｨｰ06, ﾂｨｰ06 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪｨ 07 09ｨｰ08ｨｮｨｺｨｰｨｮ08ｨ, ｨｺｨ ｨｺ ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪｨ 07, ｨｰｨ ｨｺ ｨｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪ (Falco cherrug) ｨｰ ｨｰ ｨ 0807ｨｺｨｨｨｪｨ The Saker Falcon (Falco cherrug) in flight. Photo by I. Karyakin of the support and motivation to the legal business. The events of detentions of trappers or smugglers are rare events and bringing a criminal action to a court of law is almost unheard of. All Governmental organizations in-charge of the illegal trapping and trafficking of falcons don ｯt have any motives for combatting the problem, since exceptionally low costs of falcons mentioned in the Russian legislation, and hence minimal damages spell out exceptionally low fines. There is no way the Governnment will manage and control the illegal falcon trade in the foreseeable future. Recommendations 1. Develop motivation for nature protection organizations, customs and border patrols to struggle against trapping and smuggling of falcons. 2. Improve the Russian legislation and increase the management incentives and fines for illegal trapping of the falcons. 3.Create a special task force to struggle against poaching in the region. 4. Develop and introduce new anticorruption methods. 5. Control the lawsuits against trappers and smugglers by mass media and society. 6. Support the special projects of the scientific organizations monitoring falcons in the regions where the poacher activities are high. 7. Introduce the state program on microchipping of birds and equip the customs posts with special instruments for tracing of microchips. 8. Create a public list of issued permissions and introduce falcon certificates. 9. Create legal and financial support of the established centers which breed falcons in captivity.

27 13Raptors Conservation Raptors Conservation 2007, ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｪ02 06ｨｰ ｨｨ09ｨ 06ｨｰ 06ｨ ｨｰ 01ｨｨｨｴｨｪ ｨｰｨｨ02, 09ｨｺ0506 ﾂ00ｨｪｨｪ ｨ 09ｨｪｨｮ06 ｨｺｨｪｨｨ00ｨｮ 0408 ｨｨ 0308ｨｨ ｨｪｨｨ , 09 ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ, ｨｺ08ｨｮ07ｨｪ ｨｺ , ｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｺ ｨｰ0607ｨｪｨｨ ｨｨ01 ｨｪ ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ04ｨｬ 06ｨ ｨｰ06ｨｬ ｨｨ080601ｨｪｨ , ｨｺ06ｨｰ ｨｰｨ 09ｨｨ05ｨｨ 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ ｨ ｨｪｨｪ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ0701, 0905ｨ ｨｨ ｨｪｨｨ07ｨｬｨｨ ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 09 ｨｰ ｨｬ06ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｰｨ, ｨｺ060001ｨ ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨ 0405ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪ04, ｨｰ ｨｨ0601ｨ ｨｰ06ｨｰｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ04ｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ ｨ ｨｺ, ｨｨ080601ｨｪｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｦ09ｨｺ ｨｺ08ｨ ｨ ｨｴｨ 02ｨｰ ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｨ 05ｨｺ ｨｰｨｪ ｨｨ0202ｨｪ04ｨｨｨｦ ｨｨ 08ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｦ ｨｪｨ ｨ 03ｨｮ 0906ｨｺ ｨｨｨｰ06ｨｬｨｪｨｨｨｺ06ｨｬ ｨｰｨ ｨｦ-08ｨ 05ｨｹｨｺ06ｨｪ03 ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ , 0708ｨｨ ｨｰ06ｨｬ, ﾂｨｰ06 09ｨ ｨｬ 07ｨｨｨｰ06ｨｬｨｪｨｨｨｺ ｨｰｨ 09ｨｨ ｨｪｨｨ07, ﾂｨｰ ｨｬ ｨｰｨ ｨｺｨｨ02 08ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｨ ｨ 09ｨ ｨｺ ｨｪ06, 0706 ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｦｨｪ02ｨｦ ｨｬ020802, ﾁ02ｨｰ ｨｨ ｨｰｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｦ ｨｹ010604ｨｪｨ ｨ (06ｨｰ ｨｰｨｪｨ ｨ ｨｰｨ 0902) 06ｨｰ0902ｨｰｨｨ05ｨｨ, ﾂｨｰ06 ｨｪ02 08ｨ ｨ 00ｨ 06ｨｰ 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｬｨｨ 06 ｨｪ ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ06ｨｬ 06ｨｰ , ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｨ, ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪ ｨｰｨｨ080609ｨｺ02 ｨｨ ｨｰ ｨｬ 06ｨ ｨｰ ｨｺ , ｨｮｨｺｨ ｨ 07 ｨｪｨ ｨｰ06, ﾂｨｰ06 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ ｨｪｨｨ07 06ｨｰｨｪ060907ｨｰ0907 ｨｺ ｨｺ06ｨｬ0702ｨｰ02ｨｪ02ｨｨｨｨ ｨｨ080601ｨｪｨ ｨｰ ｨｰｨｪｨ ｨ 0808ｨ 09ｨｪ ｨｺ ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｨ02ｨｨｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ06ｨｬ 06ｨｰ0902ｨｰ02 ｨｮｨｺｨ ｨ 05, ﾂｨｰ06 ｨｪ02 08ｨ ｨ 00ｨ 02ｨｰ ｨｪｨｨ07ｨｬｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｬ ｨ ｨｬ, 0601ｨｪｨ ｨｺ ｨｨ ﾂｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨ ｨｰ ｨｪｨｮ 0906ｨｰ08ｨｮ01ｨｪｨｨｨｺ ｨｰｨｪｨ ｨ, 0006ｨｰ0609ｨｨ0903ｨｨｨｦ 06ｨｰ0902ｨｰ, 09ｨｺｨ 04ｨ 05, ﾂｨｰ ｨ 09ｨｪ ｨｺ02 ﾂｨｮ ﾂ0205ｨ 0906ｨｺ ｨｬ0603ｨｪ ｨｰ0802ｨｰｨｨｨｰｨｹ ｨ 0601ｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨ ｨｰｨｪｨｨ ﾂｨｹｨｨ01 ｨｬｨ 00ｨ 04ｨｨｨｪｨ 01, 0601ｨｪｨ ｨｺ06 ｨｪｨｨｨｺｨ ｨｺｨｨ01 ｨｬ ｨｰｨｪｨ ｨｪ ｨｨｨｪｨｨｨｬｨ 02ｨｰ, ｨｰ.ｨｺ. 05ｨｰ06 ｨｪ ｨｨｨｰ ｨｺ06ｨｬ0702ｨｰ02ｨｪ02ｨｨ06. 02ｨｰ ｨｰｨｪｨ ｨ ｨｮｨ 05ｨｨｨｺｨｨ 0805ｨｰｨ ｨｦ 06ｨｰ0902ｨｰｨｨ05, ﾂｨｰ06 ｨｪ02 08ｨ ｨ 00ｨ 02ｨｰ ｨｮｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｬｨｨ ｨｪｨｨ07ｨｬｨｨ. 0201ｨｪｨ ｨｺ06 09 ｨ 0801ｨｨ ｨｰｨｮ0708ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨ 0405ｨｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｦ0102ｨｪ04 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ ｨｰ06ｨｺ060502, ｨｰｨ ｨｪｨｪ06ｨｬ 13 ｨ 0900ｨｮ09ｨｰｨ ｨ ｨｦ06ｨｪ ｨｪ00ｨｮ01ｨ ｨｦ ｨｮｨ 05ｨｨｨｺｨｨ 0805ｨｰｨ ｨｦ ｨｪｨ 03ｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪｨｨ02ｨｮ ｨ 08ｨｪｨ ｨｮ05ｨ 04ｨ 06ｨｰ ｨｨ ｨｨｨｴｨｪ ｨｰｨｨ02, ｨｨ01 ｨｪｨ 0906ｨｺ0605ｨ -ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ. 03ｨｰｨｨ ｨｨ ｨｨ ｨ ﾂ09ｨｺ ｨ ｨｦ06ｨｪｨ ｨｮｨ 05ｨｨｨｺｨｨ 0805ｨｰｨ ｨｦ. 05ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｪｨ 07 09ｨｺｨ 04ｨ 05ｨ, ﾂｨｰ06 ｨｪ02 04ｨｪｨ 05ｨ, ﾂｨｰ06 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ ｨｰｨｨ0204 ｨC ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪ ｨｹｨｺ ｨｨ080601ｨｪｨ ｨ 09ｨｪ ｨｺ ｨｺ08ｨ 07 ｨｨ ｨｮｨ 05ｨｨｨｺｨｨ 09ｨ ｨｺｨ 09ｨｨ07, ｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｺ ｨｰ ｨｰｨｪｨ ｨ 0805ｨｰｨ ｨｦ09ｨｺ ｨｺ08ｨ 07 ｨｨ ｨｮｨ 05ｨｨｨｺｨｨ 09ｨ ｨｺｨ 09ｨｨ ｨ ｨｴｨｨ05ｨｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｮ ﾂｨ ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｪｨ 08ｨｮ03ｨｨｨｰ020502ｨｦ ｨｨ080601ｨｪｨ ｨ 09ｨｪ ｨｺ ｨｺ08ｨ ｨ ｨｴｨ 02ｨｰ, ﾂｨｰ ｨｺｨｰ07ｨ ｨ 09ｨｪ ｨｺ02 ｨ 0405ｨｨ 04ｨ ｨ ｨｪ ｨ 0301ｨ ｨｪ02 05ｨｨ08ｨｨｨｨ, ｨｮ ｨｺ06ｨｰ ｨｨ04ｨｲ07ｨｰ ｨ 0709ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｨ 5 ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪ ｨｺ0605ｨ ｨ ｨｪ ｨ 07ｨｪ09ｨｺｨｨｨｦ 0906ｨｺ (0409). 01ｨ 04ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0401 ｨ ｨ ｨｪ ｨｨ09ｨｺ ｨｪｨ 09ｨｮｨｬｨｬｨｮ ｨｮｨ. (0706 ｨｰｨ ｨｺ09ｨ ｨｬ 00ｨｨｨｪ. 0308ｨｨ ｨｰ ) ｨｮ05ｨｹｨｰｨ ｨｰｨｮ ｨｮ ｨｪ ｨ ｨｪｨ 08ｨｮ03ｨｨｨｰ020507ｨｬ ｨ ｨｪ020902ｨｪ 0708ｨｨ ｨC ｨ 05ｨｨ0302ｨｪｨｨ ｨ ｨｮ ｨｪ06 ｨｨ 03ｨｰ08ｨ 00 ｨC ｨｮｨ ｨｨ080601ｨｪｨ ｨｮｨ 05ｨｨｨｺｨｨ 09ｨ ｨｺｨ 09ｨｨ ｨ ｨｴｨ 02ｨｰ, ﾂｨｰ ｨｨ ｨC ｨ 0405ｨ ﾂ02ｨｪｨ ｨｰｨｺｨ ｨ ｨｺ ｨ 05ｨ ｨ ｨｬ0209ｨｰｨｪ06ｨｦ 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰ , ｨｰｨｪｨ ｨ ｨｨ ｨ 07ｨｪ09ｨｺｨｨｨｦ 0906ｨｺ ｨｰ ｨｰｨｪｨ ｨ 0805ｨｰｨ ｨｦ09ｨｺ ｨｺ08ｨ ｨ ｨｴｨ 02ｨｰ ｨｮ050708ｨｪ06ｨｬ 04ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｨ 05ｨｨ ｨｮ01ｨｨ07ｨｬｨｨ ｨ ( ｨｮ ﾂｨ 07 04ｨ ｨｮｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ ｨｨ0601), ｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｺ ｨｮ ﾂｨ ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 05ｨｨ ｨｨ ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪ ｨｰｨｨ080609ｨｺ ｨｺ ｨｮｨｺ ｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹ 06ｨｰ010205ｨ ｨｰｨｪｨ ｨ 0805ｨｰｨ ｨｦ09ｨｺ ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｨ0005ｨ ｨ ｨｴｨ 02ｨｰ, ﾂｨｰ06 ｨｨｨｪ090702ｨｺｨｰ0608ｨ ｨｮ050708ｨｪ06 ｨｪｨ ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰ ｨｰ0207ｨｪ ｨｪ ｨ ｨｦ06ｨｪｨ 01 ｨｨ 0704ｨｰｨ 06ｨｰ0907 ｨｨ01 04ｨ ｨｨ09ｨ ｨｰｨｹ, 0708ｨｨ ｨｰ06ｨｬ, ﾂｨｰ06 ｨｰｨ ｨｺｨ 07 ｨ 0608ｨｹｨ ｨ ｨｪ ｨｨｨｰ 09 ｨｺ06ｨｬ0702ｨｰ02ｨｪ02ｨｨ ｨｰｨｪｨ ｨ, ｨｨ 04ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 04ｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｪ ﾂｨｨ09ｨ 06ｨｰ0907 ｨｬｨｨ040208ｨｪ04ｨｬｨｨ 03ｨｰ08ｨ 00ｨ ｨｬｨｨ 04ｨ ｨｪｨ 08ｨｮ0302ｨｪｨｨ ｨ 09ｨｨ ｨｰ04 ｨｨ ｨｪ0204ｨ ｨｺ06ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ 06ｨｰ ｨｮｨ 02ｨｦ. 01ｨ ｨｨｨ ｨ ｨｪ04ｨｦ 06ｨｰ0902ｨｰ ｨ ｨｮ ﾂ02ｨｪ ｨｨ ｨｹ010604ｨｪｨ ｨ ｨｮｨ 05ｨｨｨｺｨｨ 09ｨ ｨｺｨ 09ｨｨ07 ｨC ｨｨｨｬｨｨ ｨ 0405ｨｨ 0708ｨｨ ｨｪ ｨｮ ﾂｨ ｨｨ 04ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 (8 0905ｨｮ ﾂｨ 0209) 09 ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨｪｨ 08ｨｮ03ｨｨｨｰ020502ｨｦ (18 ﾂ ｨｺ), ｨｪｨ ｨｺ06ｨｰ ｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｪ ｨｰ06ｨｺ : 7 ｨC 04ｨ ｨｪｨ 08ｨｮ0302ｨｪｨｨ ｨ 09ｨｨ ｨｰ04 ｨｨ ｨｪ0204ｨ ｨｺ06ｨｪｨｪ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｺ ｨｪ , 11 ｨC 04ｨ ｨｪｨ 08ｨｮ0302ｨｪｨｨ ｨ 09ｨｨ ｨ 0409ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｨｨｪ0609ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪｨｪ ｨ 0301ｨ ｨｪ ｨｨｨｬ02 ﾂｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ06, ﾂｨｰ06 17 ｨｨ04 18-ｨｰｨｨ ｨｮｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｪｨｪ ｨｮ- ﾂｨ ｨｰｨｪ0609ｨｨ05ｨｨ09ｨｹ ｨｺ 2000ｨC , ｨｺ060001ｨ ｨｮｨ 05ｨｨｨｺ02 09ｨ ｨｺｨ 09ｨｨ ｨｬ0209ｨｰｨｪ ｨｨ ｨｰｨｪｨ ｨｬ ｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ06 ｨｪｨ 08ｨｮ03ｨｨｨｰ020502ｨｦ ｨ 06ｨ ｨｴ0209ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ04ｨ 02ｨｨ ｨ 07ｨｪ09ｨｺｨｨｨｦ 0906ｨｺ ｨ ｨｺ ｨｮｨ 05ｨｨｨｺｨｨ 09ｨ ｨｺｨ 09ｨｨ ｨ ｨｴｨ 02ｨｰ 06 ｨｰ06ｨｬ ｨｨ ｨｨ 06 ｨｰ ｨｮ ﾂｨ 0701: 1998ｨC ｨC 04ｨ ｨ ｨｪ ｨ 0301ｨ ｨｪ 05ｨｨ08ｨｨｨｨ, 04ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｬｨ 0903ｨｨ ｨｰ ｨｬ 0906ｨｺ ｨC 09 09ｨ 03ｨｺｨｨ08ｨｨｨｨ 04ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ 03ｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪｨｨ02ｨ 09ｨ ｨｺｨ 09ｨｨｨｨ, ｨｨ0903ｨ ｨｺ ｨｺ09ｨｮ ｨｮ09ｨｰ-0902ｨｪｨｰ07ｨ 08ｨｹ ｨC 04ｨ ｨ ｨｪ04 ｨｪ0209ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺ ｨ 0301ｨ ｨｪ 05ｨｨ08ｨｨｨｨ ｨｮｨ 07ｨｬｨｨ, 28 07ｨｮｨｰｨ ｨｪｨｺｨ ｨｬｨｨ, 5 ｨｺ0506ｨ ｨｮ ﾂｨｺｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨｨ ｨｨ09ｨｺ0506 ﾂ02ｨｪ ｨｮ ﾂｨ ｨｨ ｨｺ060808ｨｮ0702ｨｨｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨ ｨｺ, 09 00ｨ 0402ｨｰｨ ｨ ｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｪ ｨ 0405ｨｨ 06ｨ ｨｪｨ 08ｨｮ0302ｨｪ04 ｨｬｨ ｨｰ0208ｨｨｨ ｨｮ ﾂｨ ｨ 0906ｨｺ ｨ 08ｨ ｨ ｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07ｨｬ, ｨ ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｬ 04ｨｮｨｺ ｨｨｨｰ020502ｨｬ ｨｰｨｪｨ ｨ ｨｮｨ 05ｨｨｨｺｨｨ 09ｨ ｨｺｨ 09ｨｨ ｨ 03ｨｮｨｺ060904ｨｬ ｨ ｨｪｨｪ ｨｮ ﾂｨ ｨｨ ｨ 0405ｨｨ ｨｰ ｨｪ04 09 ｨｨｨｪｨｰ020809ｨｹ06 ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｺ02ｨｰｨ ｨｨｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨｰ0609, 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰｨ 06ｨｴｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｪ06ｨｬ ｨｨ06ｨｪ ｨｨ ｨｨ08ｨｨｨｪ09ｨｺ06ｨｬ ｨｨ 0709ｨｰｨｹ-08ｨ ｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｪ09ｨｺ06ｨｬ 08ｨ ｨｦ06ｨｪｨ 01 09ｨ ｨｺｨ 09ｨｨｨｨ ｨ 09 ｨｪｨ 08ｨｮ03ｨｨｨｰ020502ｨｦ ｨｨ 03ｨｰ08ｨ 00 04ｨ ｨｪｨ 08ｨｮ0302ｨｪｨｨ ｨ 09ｨｨ ｨｰ04 ｨｨ 06ｨｰ07ｨｮ09ｨｰｨｨ05ｨｨ.

28 ｨｪｨ ｨｰ ｨｨｨｴｨｪｨｨｨｺｨｨ ｨｨ ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ 2007, ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｰ ｨｨｨｴｨｪｨｨｨｺ ｨ ｨｺｨｨｨｬ 06ｨ 08ｨ 0406ｨｬ, ｨｪｨ 0609ｨｪ0609ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｨ 0600ｨｨ02ｨｨｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ ｨｰ0902ｨｰ0609 ｨｬ0603ｨｪ ｨ ｨｰｨｹ , ﾂｨｰ06 ｨｪｨ ｨｪ0703ｨｪｨｨｨｦ 0102ｨｪｨｹ ｨｪｨｨ 0601ｨｪｨ ｨｨ ｨｮ01ｨ 0809ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｪ ｨｰ08ｨｮｨｺｨｰｨｮ08 ｨｪ ｨ ｨｰ 09ｨｨｨｰｨｮｨ 02ｨｨ02ｨｦ 09 ｨｪ ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ04ｨｬ ｨｬ 0906ｨｺ ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ04ｨｦ 06ｨｰ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07ｨｬ ｨｨ06ｨｪ ｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ06 06ｨｰ09ｨｮｨｰ09ｨｰ09ｨｮ02ｨｰ ｨｮ0302 ｨｬｨｪ ｨｰ. 04ｨ ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｪ ｨｮ ﾂｨ ｨｨ 04ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｪｨ 08ｨｮ03ｨｨｨｰ020502ｨｦ ｨｪ02 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨ ｨｰｨｨ04ｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪ04 ｨｨ ｨｪ02 ｨｨ ｨｹ04ｨｮ06ｨｰ ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰ ｨ ｨｰｨｨ09ｨｪ ｨｮ03ｨ. 07ｨｪｨｨｨｺｨ 05ｨｹｨｪｨ 09ｨｨｨｰｨｮｨ 02ｨｨ ｨｮｨ 05ｨｨｨｺ02 09ｨ ｨｺｨ 09ｨｨ07, ｨｨ ｨｮｨ 05ｨｨｨｺｨ ｨｪ09ｨｺ06ｨｬ ｨ ｨｪｨ 05ｨｺ ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨ 07 ｨｨｨｪ090702ｨｺ02ｨｨ07, 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰｨ 06ｨｴｨ ｨｮ030209ｨｰ ｨｰ ｨｬ ｨｰｨｪｨ ｨ, 0601ｨｪｨ ｨｺ06, ｨｪ0209ｨｬ06ｨｰ0807 ｨｪｨ ｨｨｨｬ0206ｨｴｨｨ ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07, 09 ｨｨ01 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰ02 06ｨｰ09ｨｮｨｰ09ｨｰ09ｨｮ06ｨｰ ｨｪｨｰ04 ｨｪｨ ｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｪｨ 08ｨｮ03ｨｨｨｰ020502ｨｦ 04ｨ 06ｨｰ ｨｺ08ｨ 09ｨｪ06ｨｺｨｪｨｨ03ｨｪ ｨｨ ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰｨｮ ｨｨｨｪ090702ｨｺｨｰ ｨｰｨｪｨ ｨ 0805ｨｰｨ ｨｦ09ｨｺ ｨｺ08ｨ 07, ｨ 2000ｨC ｨ ｨ 00ｨｨｨｺ09ｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪ ｨｮ ﾂｨ ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 05ｨｨ ｨｮ01ｨｨ07ｨｬｨｨ ｨ, ｨｬ0603ｨｪ06 ｨｪｨ 0409ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ06 ｨ 05ｨ 0006ｨｰ090608ｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ06ｨｦ, ｨｰ.ｨｺ. ｨｺ0806ｨｬ02 ｨｰ060006, ﾂｨｰ ｨｪｨ ｨｪ ｨｨｨｰ 09 ｨｨ01 ｨｺ06ｨｬ0702ｨｰ02ｨｪ02ｨｨ06, 06ｨｰ 05ｨｰ06ｨｦ ｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ 06ｨｰ ｨｰｨｪｨ ｨ ｨｪ020900ｨｰ ｨ 0605ｨｹ03ｨｨ02 ｨｮｨ 04ｨｰｨｺｨｨ. 05ｨｨｨ ｨｨ0809ｨｺ0602 ｨｰｨ ｨｬ060302ｨｪｨｪ0602 ｨｮ0708ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｰｨ 09ｨｨ0506 ｨｨｨｪ000608ｨｬｨ 02ｨｨ ｨｮ ﾂｨ ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｦ 04ｨ ｨｨ ｨC : ｨｰｨｨ 0905ｨｮ ﾂｨ 07ｨｬ, ｨ ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｬ ｨｬ02ｨｴ02ｨｪｨｨ02ｨｬ ﾂ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02ｨｮ ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪ0609 ｨｨ 2 ｨｺ0802 ﾂ02ｨｰ0609, ｨ 0405ｨｨ ｨ ｨｮ030102ｨｪ04 ｨｮ ｨｪ ｨ, ｨｨ ｨｮ ﾂｨ 0701 ｨ 0405ｨｨ ｨ ｨｮ030102ｨｪ ｨ 06ｨ ｨ 01ｨｬｨｨｨｪｨｨ09ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｰｨｨ09ｨｪ ｨ 0906ｨｪｨ 08ｨｮ0302ｨｪｨｨ0701, ｨｰ.ｨｺ. 06ｨｰ ｨｪｨｪ ｨｰｨｨ02 ｨｮ ｨｪｨ 08ｨｮ03ｨｨｨｰ020502ｨｦ ｨｪ02 ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ 08ｨｮ0302ｨｪ06. 08ｨｪｨ 05ｨｨ04 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ06ｨｬ 05ｨｺ ｨｰ02, ｨｨ ｨｮ09ｨｺ ｨｺ ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｨ 05ｨｺ ｨｰｨｪ ｨｨ0202ｨｪ04ｨｨｨｦ ｨｰｨ 02-05ｨ 07ｨｪ09ｨｺ06ｨｬ ｨｨ06ｨｪ ｨ ｨｴｨ 02ｨｰ ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ ｨｨ080601ｨｪｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｦ09ｨｺ ｨｺ08ｨ 07 ｨC 07ｨｨｨｰ06ｨｬｨｪｨｨｨｺ ｨｰｨ ｨｦ-08ｨ 05ｨｹｨｺ06ｨｪ ｨ ｨ 05 05ｨｺ ｨｰ 40 ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪ0609, 09ｨｪｨｮｨｰ0802ｨｪｨｪ ｨ 03ｨｮ 70 ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪ0609 ｨｨ ｨｮ09ｨｺ 15 ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪ0609 ｨｨ ｨC 05ｨｺ ｨｰ 30 ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪ0609 ｨｨ ｨｮ09ｨｺ 20 ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪ ｨｰｨｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨ 01ｨ 06ｨｰ 09 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｬｨｨ, ｨｮ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｬｨｨ 06ｨｰ 01ｨｨ0802ｨｺｨｰ0608ｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｦ-08ｨ 05ｨｹｨｺ06ｨｪｨ ｨｪ09ｨｰｨ ｨｪｨｰｨｨｨｪｨ 0307ｨｰｨｺ0609ｨ ｨｬ02 ｨｰ060006, ｨｪｨｨ07ｨｬ ｨｰｨｺ0609ｨ, ｨｨ01 07ｨｨｨｰ06ｨｬｨｪｨｨｨｺ ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ ｨ ｨｺ ｨｨ ｨｮ09ｨｰｨｨ05 18, ｨC 0 ｨｨ 16, ｨC 60 ｨｨ 16, ｨC 90 ｨｨ 51 ｨｨ ｨC 90 ｨｨ ｨｰ0902ｨｰ09ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ ｨｪｨｨ07ｨｬ ｨｨ04 08ｨ 04ｨｪ0401 ｨｨ09ｨｰ06 ﾂｨｪｨｨｨｺ0609, ｨｨｨ ｨｨ0809ｨｺｨｨｨｦ 07ｨｨｨｰ06ｨｬｨｪｨｨｨｺ ｨｪｨｰ03 ｨｰｨ ｨｺ ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ ｨ 03ｨｮ 0906ｨｺ ｨｮｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ ｨｨ0601 ｨC ｨ ｨｬ 01ｨｨ0802ｨｺｨｰ0608ｨ 05ｨｰ ｨｨｨｰ06ｨｬｨｪｨｨｨｺｨ, 08ｨ 04ｨｬｨｪ060302ｨｪｨｨ ｨｺ ｨｨ ｨｨ ｨ 03ｨ 0609ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ ｨｨ09ｨｹ ｨｪ , 0601ｨｪｨ ｨｺ06 06ｨｪｨ 06ｨｰｨｺｨ 04ｨ 05ｨ 09ｨｹ 01ｨ 09ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨ ｨ ｨｪ ｨｪｨｨ07 06ｨ 05ｨｰｨｨ01 07ｨ 08ｨｰｨｨ ｨｨ02ｨｨｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ06ｨｬ 06ｨｰ0902ｨｰ ｨｨ080601ｨｪｨ ｨ ｨｮｨｺｨ ｨ 02ｨｰ0907, ﾂｨｰ06 07ｨｨｨｰ06ｨｬｨｪｨｨｨｺ ｨｪｨｰ ｨC (04ｨ ｨｬ07 09ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ090609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｨ080601ｨｪｨ ｨ ) 05ｨｺ ｨｰｨｪ ｨｨ0202ｨｪ04ｨｨｨｨ ｨｨ 08ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｪｨ ｨ 03ｨｮ ｨｪ ｨ ｨ ｨｮ09ｨｰｨｪ06ｨｬｨｮ ｨ ｨｴ02ｨｪｨｨ06 04ｨ ｨｬ. ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ 05ｨｹｨｪｨｨｨｺｨ 06ｨｰ010205ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨ 04ｨ 06ｨ ｨｲ02ｨｺｨｰｨ ｨｬｨｨ 03ｨｨ0906ｨｰｨｪ ｨｬｨｨ08ｨ, 05ｨｺ ｨｰｨｨ0404 ｨｨ 08ｨ ｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ, ｨC ｨｪｨｨ ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｨ 07ｨｨｨｰ06ｨｬｨｪｨｨｨｺ06ｨｬ ｨ ｨｪ ｨ ｨ ｨ ｨｨ02ｨｨｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ04ｨｦ 05ｨｺ ｨｰ 0906ｨｺ ｨｪ ｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ ｨC Table 1. Legal export of falcons controlled by the Siberian Customs in 2000ｨC Year Month 00ｨｨ01 07ｨｰｨｨ0204 Species ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｰ ｨｰｨｨ02, 03ｨｰ. Number of birds, ind. ｨ 0900ｨｮ09ｨｰ / August ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪ / Saker Falcon ｨｪｨｰ07ｨ 08ｨｹ / September ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪ / Saker Falcon 15 06ｨｺｨｰ07ｨ 08ｨｹ / October ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪ / Saker Falcon 12 ｨｪ0607ｨ 08ｨｹ / November ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪ / Saker Falcon ｨ Total ｨｪｨｰ07ｨ 08ｨｹ / September ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪ / Saker Falcon ｨｺｨｰ07ｨ 08ｨｹ / October ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪ / Saker Falcon 31 06ｨｺｨｰ07ｨ 08ｨｹ / October ｨｺ0802 ﾂ02ｨｰ / Gyrfalcon ｨ Total ｨｪｨｰ07ｨ 08ｨｹ / September ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪ / Saker Falcon 20 06ｨｺｨｰ07ｨ 08ｨｹ / October ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪ / Saker Falcon ｨ Total ｨｪｨｰ07ｨ 08ｨｹ / September ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪ / Saker Falcon ｨ Total ｨ ｨｹ / April ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪ / Saker Falcon (110) ｨｨ0605ｨｹ / July ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪ / Saker Falcon ｨｪｨｰ07ｨ 08ｨｹ / September ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪ / Saker Falcon ｨ / Total ｨ / Total

29 13Raptors Conservation Raptors Conservation 2007, ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪ, 04ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ 0708ｨｨ ｨｰｨｺ02 ｨｺ06ｨｪｨｰ08ｨ ｨ ｨ ｨｪ ｨｨ07, ｨ ｨｬｨ 08ｨ, 0102ｨｺｨ ｨ 08ｨｹ ｨｰ ｨ 0302ｨｪｨｺ0609ｨ Confiscated illegal Saker Falcon. Russia, Samara, December Photo by A.Pazhenkov ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ04ｨｦ 05ｨｺ ｨｰ ｨｨ06ｨｪ ｨ 09ｨｰｨ ｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ06, 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ 05ｨｺ ｨｰ ｨ ｨ ﾂ02ｨｪ ｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ06 ｨｨ ｨｰｨｪ ｨｨｨｰ06ｨｬｨｪｨｨｨｺ0609, ｨｨ ｨｨｨｰ06ｨｬｨｪｨｨｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｦ 08ｨ 05ｨｹｨｺ06ｨｪ ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ06ｨｬ 05ｨｺ ｨｰ02 04ｨｪｨ ﾂｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪｨ (ｨｪ02 ｨｬ02ｨｪ %) ｨｰ09ｨｮｨｰ09ｨｰ09ｨｨ02 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ ｨｨ080601ｨｪｨ ｨ 01 06ｨ 05ｨｺ ｨｰ ｨｮ00ｨｨｨｬｨｨ 07ｨｨｨｰ06ｨｬｨｪｨｨｨｺｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨｮｨｺｨ ｨ 02ｨｰ, ﾂｨｰ06, ｨｬ0603ｨｪ06, 05ｨｺ ｨｰ ｨｨ05 09 ｨｪｨ 08ｨｮ0302ｨｪｨｨ02ｨｬ 0708ｨ 09ｨｨ ｨｬ0502ｨｪｨｨ ｨｺｨｮｨｬ02ｨｪｨｰ0609 ｨｨ05ｨｨ 01ｨ ｨｹｨｪ04ｨｬ 0106ｨｺｨｮｨｬ02ｨｪｨｰｨ ｨｬ ( ﾂｨｰ06ｨ 04 05ｨｰ06 ｨｮｨｰ ｨ ｨｰｨｹ, ｨｪ0206ｨ ｨｨｨｬ ｨｮ ﾂｨｨｨｰｨｹ 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0402 ｨｨ ｨｬｨｨｨｪｨｨ09ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｰｨｨ09ｨｪ ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｨｨｨ) ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｬｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｨ090502ｨｺｨ 02ｨｰ 07ｨ 08ｨｰｨｨ07 20 ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪ ｨ ; 05ｨｰｨｨ ｨｺｨｨ 06ｨｰ05ｨｨ ﾂｨ 06ｨｰ ｨｰ ｨｺ ｨ 03ｨｨ ｨｪ ｨｨ ｨ 07ｨｨｨｰ06ｨｬｨｪｨｨｨｺｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨC ｨｬ0603ｨｪ06, ﾂｨｰ06 ｨｰｨｮｨｰ ｨｨｨｬ0205 ｨｬ0209ｨｰ ｨｰ ｨｪｨｪ ｨｰｨｨ02 (090604ｨｬ0603ｨｪ06, 04ｨｨｨｬｨｪｨｨ01 ｨｺ0802 ﾂ02ｨｰ0609) ｨｪ04ｨｬ 0106ｨｺｨｮｨｬ02ｨｪｨｰｨ ｨｬ, ﾂｨｰ06 ｨｰ ｨｰ0802ｨ ｨｮ02ｨｰ ｨｺｨｨ ｨｰ ｨｪ ｨｪｨｨｨｦ ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ06ｨｦ 0106ｨ 04 ﾂ ｨｨ ｨｺ ｨｮｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ ｨｨ0601 ｨｪ02 ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ 08ｨｮ0302ｨｪ06. 08ｨｪｨ 05ｨｨ ｨｮ05ｨｹｨｰｨ ｨｰ0609 ｨ ｨｪｨｺ02ｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ ｨｺ ｨｰ ﾂｨｨｨｰｨ 02ｨｬ, ﾂｨｰ ｨｰ06ｨ 08ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0401 ｨ ｨｪｨｺ02ｨｰ ｨｰｨ ｨｰ 0904ｨ 0608ｨｺｨｮ ｨｪｨ ｨｨｨ ｨ ｨｺｨｰｨｨ09ｨｪ06ｨｦ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｨ ｨｨｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨｰ0609 (ｨｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｪｨｨ07), ｨｺ06ｨｰ ｨ 0605ｨｹ03ｨｨｨｬ 09ｨｪｨｨｨｬｨ ｨｪｨｨ02ｨｬ 06ｨｰｨｪ060907ｨｰ0907 ｨｺ ｨｨｨｪ000608ｨｬｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ ｨｺ0605ｨｨｨｪ ｨ ｨｨ04ｨｪ0209ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｪ06ｨｦ 0904ｨ 0608ｨｺ ｨ 09ｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｬ ｨｰｨ ｨｪ ｨｨｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨｰ04 08ｨ 04ｨｪ ｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ (08ｨｨ09. 2). 00 ｨｰ ｨｬ ｨｨ06ｨｪ ﾂｨｨ0905ｨｮ ｨｨｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨｰ ｨｰｨ ｨｪ04 ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｦｨｪ02 ｨｪ0208ｨ 09ｨｪ0604ｨｪｨ ﾂｨｪ06 (08ｨｨ09. 3). 06ｨｰ ｨ ｨｪ06, ｨｮ06 06 ﾂ ｨｹ, 09 ｨｬｨ 0504ｨｬ ｨｺ0605ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｰ0906ｨｬ ｨｨｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨｰ ｨｮ01ｨ 0500ｨｪｨｪ ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ 01 ｨｨ 04ｨ ｨｰ08ｨｮ01ｨｪ00ｨｪｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ06 ｨｺ06ｨｪｨｰｨ ｨｺｨｰｨ 09 ｨｪｨｨｨｬｨｨ. 0602ｨｬ ｨｪ02 ｨｬ02ｨｪ0202, ｨｬ ﾂ05ｨｨ ｨｬ0603ｨｪ04ｨｬ 0706 ｨｪ02ｨｺ06ｨｰ060804ｨｬ 0706ｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｰ020507ｨｬ ｨｰｨｨ 0908ｨ 09ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ02 09ｨｨｨｰｨｮｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ 09 ｨｰ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰ0701 ｨｬｨ ｨｺ ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ : 0805ｨｰｨ ｨｦ09ｨｺｨ 07 (0808 ｨｨ 0408), 05ｨ 07ｨｪ09ｨｺｨ 07 (0808, 0409, 0406) ｨｨ 0308ｨｨｨ ｨ ｨｦｨｺｨ 05ｨｹ09ｨｺｨ 07 (060802) ｨｹ03ｨｨｨｪ09ｨｰ ｨｪ0102ｨｪｨｰ0609 (37,74%, n=53) ｨｮｨｺｨ 04ｨ 05ｨｨ, ﾂｨｰ06 06ｨｪｨｨ ｨｨｨｬ0206ｨｰ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｮ ﾂｨ ｨｺ0605ｨｨｨｪ ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｦ ｨｨ ｨｮ0302ｨ ｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｨｨｪ000608ｨｬｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ (08ｨｨ09. 4), 0601ｨｪｨ ｨｺ06 01ｨ 0502ｨｺ06 ｨｪ ｨｨｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨｰ ｨｨ080601ｨｪｨ , ｨｰｨｪｨ , ｨｮｨｪｨｨ ｨｨｨｰ02ｨｰ0609, 04ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｺ ｨ ｨｰ ｨｺｨ ｨｺ06ｨｦ-05ｨｨｨ 06 ｨｨｨｪ000608ｨｬｨ 02ｨｨ02ｨｦ 0706 ｨｰ02ｨｬ02 (ｨｨ01 06ｨｰ0902ｨｰ04 ｨｪ ｨｨ ｨ 0608ｨｺｨｮ) ｨｮ0006ｨｦ 09ｨｰ060806ｨｪ04, ｨｪｨｨ04ｨｺｨｨｨｦ ｨｪｨｰ 06ｨｰ0902ｨｰ ｨｪｨ 05 ｨｨｨｪ000608ｨｬｨ 02ｨｨ06 ｨｨ (11,32%) 06ｨｰ08ｨ 03ｨ 02ｨｰ ｨｰ06, ﾂｨｰ ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｦｨｪ ｨｺ ｨｴｨ 02ｨｰ ｨ ｨｪｨｪｨ 07 ｨｰ02ｨｬｨ ｨｺｨｨｨｦ ｨｪｨｰ 06ｨｰ0902ｨｰ ｨｨ0302ｨｪｨｨｨｦ 09 ｨ 0801ｨｨ ｨｬｨｨｨｰ02ｨｰｨ ｨ ｨｪ ｨｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｺ ｨｰ09ｨｮｨｰ09ｨｰ09ｨｮ06ｨｰ. 06ｨｪｨｰ ｨｪｨ 07 09ｨｨｨｰｨｮｨ 02ｨｨ07 ｨ 0405ｨ 0909ｨｺ0804ｨｰｨ ｨｬ ｨｺ06ｨｦ 06ｨ 05ｨ 09ｨｰｨｨ ｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｰ0902ｨｰ ｨｪｨ 04ｨ ｨ 05ｨｺ ｨｰ02 09ｨｨ ( ｨｪｨ 05ｨｨ04ｨ 0804ｨｪｨｺ ｨｨ ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ ) 0802ｨｬ ｨｺｨｨｨｦ ｨｨ080601ｨｪｨ ｨ ｨｴｨｨ05, ﾂｨｰ ｨｰｨｮ07ｨ 05ｨｨ 04ｨ 0709ｨｺｨｨ 06ｨｰ ｨ ｨｮ ﾂｨｪ06-ｨｨ ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹ09ｨｺｨｨｨｦ ｨｨ0006ｨｪ ｨ ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ06 ｨ ｨｨ0608ｨ 04ｨｪ0606ｨ 08ｨ 04ｨｨ07 08ｨｮ04ｨ ｨ 0909ｨ 03: ｨC 06ｨｰ ｨｪｨ 0106ｨ 0409ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 20 ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪ0609 ｨｪｨ ｨｰ ｨｨ09ｨｮ05ｨｹ09ｨｺ06ｨｬ 08-ｨｪ ｨｬ ｨｺ06ｨｦ 06ｨ 05. ｨC 06ｨｰ ｨｪｨ 05ｨｺ ｨｰ 15 ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪ ｨｨ08ｨｨ06, ｨｨ 05ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪ04 08ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｪｨ 05ｨｰｨｨ 04ｨ 0709ｨｺｨｨ 09 06ｨｰ0902ｨｰ02 ｨｪ ｨ ｨｴｨ ｨｹ ｨｪｨｰ07ｨ ｨｬ ｨ ｨ ｨｪ06 ｨｨ09ｨｺ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨ ｨｨｨｰ08ｨ 03ｨｪ04ｨｦ 09ｨｮ ｨｬ ｨｨｨｺ09ｨｨ01ｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ ｨｪｨ 0409ｨ ｨｪｨｪ ｨｪｨ 0609ｨｪ0609ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｨ ｨｰ060006, ﾂｨｰ06 ｨ ｨｮ0100ｨ 05ｨｰ020809ｨｺｨ 07 06ｨｰ ﾂ02ｨｰｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ ｨｪ ｨｰｨ ｨｰ0907, 09ｨｮｨｬｨｬ04 ｨｪｨ ｨｪ02 ｨｨ09 ﾂｨｨ ｨｰ0907 ｨｨ ｨｪ ｨ ﾂｨｨ09ｨ 06ｨｰ ｨ 04ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 09ｨｮ01ｨ 06ｨｰ0902ｨｰ ﾂｨｨｨｺ ｨｪ ｨｨ050907, ｨｨ ｨ ｨ ｨｺ0804ｨｰ06 ｨｺｨ ｨｺ ｨｪ ｨ ｨｴ ｨ 0909ｨｬ06ｨｰ0802ｨｪｨｨ06, ｨｰ ｨｬｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ06 09ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ09ｨｮ02ｨｰ ｨｨ ｨｦ 0102ｨｪｨｹ ｨｪ ｨｨｨｰｨｹ, ﾂｨｰ06 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ04ｨ 02ｨｨ07 ｨ 0405ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ ﾂｨｨ09ｨｰ ｨｬｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ06, ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ090502ｨｪｨｨ ｨｺｨｨ ｨｨ02ｨｨｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ06ｨｬ 06ｨｰ0902ｨｰ ｨｮｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｪ04 09ｨｨ0104 ｨｨ ｨｺ0605ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｰ ｨｰｨｨ ｨｬ ｨ ｨｬ , ｨｪｨ ｨｺ06ｨｰ ｨｬ ｨｺ ｨｰ (ｨｰｨ ｨ 05. 1) ｨｰｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 05ｨｰｨｨ01 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0401 ｨｨ ｨｨ ｨｪｨｪ ｨｪｨｨｨｦ 0706ｨｺｨ ｨ 02ｨｰ, ﾂｨｰ06 ｨｺ0806ｨｬ02 07ｨｨｨｰ06ｨｬｨｪｨｨｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｦ 08ｨ 05ｨｹｨｺ06ｨｪ03 04ｨ ｨｮｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ ｨｨ ｨｺ ｨｰ ﾂ ｨｰｨ ｨｬ060302ｨｪｨｪ ｨｰ ｨｬ050705ｨｨ ｨｨ 0108ｨｮ00ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ04ｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ. 06ｨ ｨｺ, ｨｰｨ ｨｦ 08ｨ 05ｨｹｨｺ06ｨｪ03 ｨｮｨｺｨ ｨ 02ｨｰ, ﾂｨｰ06 ｨｪ ｨ 09ｨ ｨｺ , 0601ｨｪｨ ｨｺ06 ｨｪｨ 58 07ｨｰｨｨ02 (ｨｨ04 ｨｪｨｨ01 11 ｨｺ0802 ﾂ02ｨｰ0609) 05ｨｺ ｨｰ ｨ ｨｬ0502ｨｪ. 06. ｨｺ. ｨｨ ｨｮ00ｨｨ01 07ｨｨｨｰ06ｨｬｨｪｨｨｨｺ ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ ｨ 05ｨｺ ｨｰ02 ｨｪ02 ｨ 0405ｨｨ ｨｮ ﾂ02ｨｪ04, ｨ ｨｨ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｨｨｪ000608ｨｬｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ ｨｪ ｨｬ0603ｨｪ ｨｪｨｨｨｰｨｹ, ｨｺ02ｨｬ ｨｨ05ｨｨ09ｨｹ 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ ｨ 08ｨｰｨｨｨｨ ｨｰｨｪ06 ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0302, ﾂｨｰ ｨｰｨ ｨｦ 08ｨ 05ｨｹｨｺ06ｨｪ ｨｨ ｨｨ ｨｬ0502ｨｪｨｪ ｨ 08ｨｰｨｨｨｨ ﾂ ｨｺ09ｨｮ ｨC ｨ ｨｬ0502ｨｪ06 08ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｪｨ ｨｰｨｨ02. 06ｨ ｨｺｨｨｨｬ 06ｨ 08ｨ 0406ｨｬ, ｨｬ0603ｨｪ ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｮ06ｨｴｨｨ :

30 ｨｪｨ ｨｰ ｨｨｨｴｨｪｨｨｨｺｨｨ ｨｨ ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ 2007, ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｰ ｨｨｨｴｨｪｨｨｨｺ ｨｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｺ02ｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｪ ｨｨｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨｰ0609 (n=28) Fig. 2. Occupations of questioned specialists (n=28) 1 ｨC ｨｨｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨｰ04-ｨ ｨｨ ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ04ｨ 02ｨｨｨｦ / biologists of state organization 2 ｨC ｨｨｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨｰ ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｪ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ04ｨ 02ｨｨｨｦ / conservationists of state organizations 3 ｨC ｨｨｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨｰ ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｪ / specialists of NGO 4 ｨC060106ｨｰ ｨｨ ｨｨｨｪ090702ｨｺｨｰ0608ｨ / hunt inspectors 04ｨｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｪｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ ｨ ｨｪｨｺ02ｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｪ ｨｨｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨｰ ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ ｨｬ (n=28) Fig. 3. Representation of questioned specialists in regions (n=28) 1 ｨC 0805ｨｰｨ ｨｦ09ｨｺｨｨｨｦ ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｦ / Altai Kray 2 ｨC ｨｮｨ 05ｨｨｨｺｨ 0805ｨｰｨ ｨｦ / Altai Republic 3 ｨC 0808ｨ 09ｨｪ ｨｺｨｨｨｦ ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｦ / Krasnoyarsk Kray 4 ｨC ｨｮｨ 05ｨｨｨｺｨ 09ｨ ｨｺｨ 09ｨｨ07 / Khakasiya Republic 5 ｨC ｨｮｨ 05ｨｨｨｺｨ ｨ / Tuva Republic 6 ｨC 0608ｨｺｨｮｨｰ09ｨｺｨ 07 06ｨ 05ｨ 09ｨｰｨｹ / Irkutsk district 04ｨｨ ｨｰ06 ﾂｨｪｨｨｨｺｨｨ ｨｮ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｨｨｪ000608ｨｬｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ ｨｪ0102ｨｪｨｰｨ ｨｬｨｨ (n= 53) Fig. 4. Sources of giving the information by respondents (n= 53) 1 ｨC ｨ / press 2 ｨC 0905ｨｮ0302ｨ ｨｪｨ 07 ｨｨｨｪ000608ｨｬｨ 02ｨｨ07, ｨ ｨｪｨｪｨ ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰ06ｨｦ / business information 3 ｨC 06ｨｰ 04ｨｪｨ ｨｺ06ｨｬ0401 / from friends 4 ｨC ｨ ｨｨ0102ｨｰ020502ｨｬ 05ｨｨ ﾂｨｪ06 / I was a witness personally 0102ｨｰ020502ｨｬ 05ｨｨ ﾂｨｪ0603 (22,64%) 0706ｨｺｨ ｨ 02ｨｰ, ﾂｨｰ ｨｨｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨｰ04, ｨｴｨｨ02 ｨ ｨｺｨｰｨｨ09ｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ 09 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ06ｨｬ , ｨｰｨ ｨｰ06 ﾂｨｪ06 ﾂｨ 09ｨｰ06 09ｨｰｨ 05ｨｺｨｨ09ｨ 06ｨｰ ｨｮ ﾂｨ 07ｨｬｨｨ ｨｪ0204ｨ ｨｺ06ｨｪｨｪ06ｨｦ 0106ｨ 04 ﾂｨｨ 0906ｨｺ ｨ ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ 0706ｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹ ｨｰｨ ｨｺ ｨ 08ｨ ｨｺｨｰ0208ｨｨ04ｨｮ02ｨｰ 0904ｨ 0608ｨｺｨｮ ｨｪ0102ｨｪｨｰ0609, ｨｺｨ ｨｺ ｨｹｨｬｨ ｨｨｨｪ000608ｨｬｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｪｨｮ ｨ ｨｪｨｪ06ｨｬ ｨｺｨｨｨｦ ｨｪｨｰ 06ｨｰ0902ｨｰ ｨｪｨ 05 ｨｨｨｪ000608ｨｬｨ 02ｨｨ06 06ｨｰ 04ｨｪｨ ｨｺ06ｨｬ (28,30%) 0909ｨｨ0102ｨｰ0205ｨｹ09ｨｰ09ｨｮ06ｨｰ 06 ｨｰ06ｨｬ, ﾂｨｰ06 ｨｨｨｪ000608ｨｬｨ 02ｨｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｰ06 ﾂｨｪ06 03ｨｨ0806ｨｺ06 08ｨ ｨｨｨｰ ｨｮ09ｨｰｨｪ06ｨｬ 09ｨｨ0102, ﾂｨｰ06 ｨｮｨｺｨ ｨ 02ｨｰ ｨｪｨ ｨｬ0502ｨｪｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ ｨｪｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｰ06ｨｬ ｨｬ02ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ02 09ｨｨｨｰｨｮｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ 09 ｨｪ ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ04ｨｬ ｨｬ 0906ｨｺ ｨｪ0609ｨｪｨ 07 ｨｬｨ 0909ｨ ｨｨｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨｰ0609 (85,71%, n=28) 09 ﾂｨｨｨｰｨ 06ｨｰ, ﾂｨｰ06 06ｨｰ ｨｺ ｨｮ ﾂｨｨ05 08ｨ ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ02 06ｨｺ ｨｰ ｨｪｨ 04ｨ 01 (08ｨｨ09. 5), 10,71% ｨｨｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨｰ0609 (ｨｨ04 05ｨ 07ｨｪ09ｨｺ06ｨｦ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｨ) ｨｮｨｺｨ 04ｨ 05ｨｨ, ﾂｨｰ06 ｨｪ ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ04ｨｦ ｨｮ ﾂｨｨ05 08ｨ ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｪ0209ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺ ｨｰ ｨｪｨ 04ｨ ｨｨ ｨｰ06ｨｬ, ﾂｨｰ ｨｰｨ ｨｦ09ｨｺ06ｨｦ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｨ 05ｨｰ06ｨｰ 07ｨｮｨｪｨｺｨｰ ｨｪｨｨｨｺｨｰ06 ｨｪ02 06ｨｰｨｬ02ｨｰｨｨ05, ｨ 0601ｨｨｨｪ ｨｨｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨｰ ｨｮｨｺｨ 04ｨ 05, ﾂｨｰ06 06ｨｰ ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ090609ｨ ｨ 09ｨｪｨｨ ﾁｨｮｨｰｨｹ ｨｬ02ｨｪ ｨｨｨｪ ｨｨｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨｰ0609 ｨｮｨｺｨ 04ｨ 05ｨｨ, ﾂｨｰ06 06ｨｰ ｨｺ ｨｬ 0706 ｨｬｨ ｨｺ ｨｨ06ｨｪｨｮ 09 ｨｰ02 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｰ ｨ 0405 ｨｨ 0609ｨｰｨ 00ｨｰ ｨｺｨｨｨｬ, ｨｪ ｨｮ050708ｨｪ04ｨｬ (40,75% ｨC 3ｨC5 0502ｨｰ ｨｪｨ 04ｨ 01, 44,44% ｨC 2ｨC ｨ ｨｪｨ 04ｨ 01, n=27) ｨｪｨｨ01 2ｨC ｨｰ 37,04% (n=27) ｨｪ0102ｨｪｨｰ0609 ｨｪｨ ｨ 06ｨｰ 05ｨｰ ｨｪｨｨ02 06ｨ 04 ﾂｨｪ04ｨｬ ｨｨ ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 18,52% ｨC ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｦｨｪ ｨｺｨｨｨｬ, ｨｰ060001ｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｺ ｨｨｨｰｨｮｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ 3ｨC5 0502ｨｰ ｨｪｨ 04ｨ 01 05ｨｰｨｨ 02ｨｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｰ 55,55% ｨｨ 3,7%, ｨｰ0902ｨｰ09ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ06 (08ｨｨ09. 6). 06ｨ ｨｺ ｨｰｨｪ060302ｨｪｨｨ02 06ｨｰ0902ｨｰ ｨｺｨ ｨ 02ｨｰ, ﾂｨｰ06 09ｨｨｨｰｨｮｨ 02ｨｨ ｨｨ06ｨｪ02 ｨｨ04ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｨ05ｨ 09ｨｹ 04ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｰ: ｨｪ0204ｨ ｨｺ06ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ 06ｨｰ ｨｺ ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｴｨ 02ｨｰ0907 ｨｨ ｨｨ04 06ｨ 04 ﾂｨｪ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｨｨｰ 09 08ｨ ｨｺ ｨｨ ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｦｨｪ ｨｺ ｨ 02ｨｪｨｪ06 05ｨｰ06 04ｨ ｨｬ02ｨｰｨｪ ｨｰ0902ｨｰｨ ｨｬ ｨｨｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨｰ0609 ｨｨ ｨ 09ｨｪ ｨｺ ｨｺ08ｨ 07, 0805ｨｰｨ ｨｦ09ｨｺ ｨｺ08ｨ 07 ｨｨ ｨｮｨ 05ｨｨｨｺｨｨ 09ｨ ｨｺｨ 09ｨｨ07 (08ｨｨ09. 7) ｨC ｨｪｨ ｨｰｨｬ02ｨｰｨｨｨｰｨｹ, ﾂｨｰ06, 0706 ｨｪｨ 03ｨｨｨｬ 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｬ, ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪｨｪ ｨｰｨｨ ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ 01 ﾂｨｨ090502ｨｪｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｰ 0906ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｰｨｨ05ｨ 09ｨｹ 0106 ｨｬｨｨｨｪｨｨｨｬｨｮｨｬｨ ｨｪ0102ｨｪｨｰ04 ｨｨ ｨｮｨ 05ｨｨｨｺｨｨ 0805ｨｰｨ ｨｦ 09 ﾂｨｨｨｰｨ 06ｨｰ, ﾂｨｰ06 04ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｰ 06ｨｰ ｨｺ ｨｪｨ ｨｰ020808ｨｨｨｰ0608ｨｨｨｨ ｨｮｨ 05ｨｨｨｺｨｨ ｨ 0405 ｨｨ 0609ｨｰｨ 00ｨｰ ｨ 04 ﾂｨｪ04ｨｬ ｨｪｨｨ02ｨｬ ｨC ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪｨｪ ｨｹ, 0706 ｨｪｨ 03ｨｨｨｬ 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｬ, ｨｴ ｨ ｨｪ0702ｨｰ ｨｪ ｨ ｨｮ0707ｨｨ080609ｨｺｨ ｨ 05ｨｰｨ ｨｦ09ｨｺｨｨ01 ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪ ｨｨｨｪ ｨｨｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨｰ ﾂｨｨｨｰｨ 06ｨｰ (57,14%, n=28), ﾂｨｰ06 06ｨｰ ｨｰ02 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｰ 0906ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｴｨ 02ｨｰ ｨｨ 05ｨｰ06ｨｬ 39,29% ｨｨｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨｰ ｨ ｨｰ08ｨｮ01ｨｪｨｨ05ｨｨ09ｨｹ 06ｨｰ0902ｨｰｨｨｨｰｨｹ ｨｪｨ ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｴ02ｨｪｨｨｨｨ ｨｨ05ｨｨ ｨｮ090205ｨｨ- ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨｨｨ ｨ, ﾂｨｰ06 ｨｮｨｺｨ ｨ 02ｨｰ ｨｪｨ 06ｨｰ09ｨｮｨｰ09ｨｰ09ｨｨ ｨｰ ｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｨｨｪ000608ｨｬｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ ｨｰ06ｨｬｨｮ

31 13Raptors Conservation Raptors Conservation 2007, ｨｰｨ ｨｦ09ｨｺｨ 07 ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｹ / Altai 05ｨ 07ｨｪ09ｨｺｨ 07 09ｨ ｨｦｨｺｨ 05ｨｹ09ｨｺｨｨｨｦ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｹ / Sayan ｨｨ06ｨｪ / Baikal region 04ｨｨ ｨｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｪ ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ ｨｰ050609ｨ 09 ｨｰ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰ0701 ｨｬｨ ｨｺ ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ (n=28) Fig. 5. Period of appearances of illegal catching in the three parts of the region (n=28) 1 ｨC ｨｪｨｨ / last years 2 ｨC 06ｨｺ ｨｰ ｨｪｨ 04ｨ 01 / about 10 years ago 3 ｨC 09 01ｨ 09ｨｪｨｨ / for a long time ｨC5 0502ｨｰ ｨｪｨ 04ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 2ｨC ｨ 04ｨｨ ｨｬ02ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ02 09ｨｨｨｰｨｮｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ 09 ｨｪ ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ04ｨｬ ｨｬ 0906ｨｺ ｨｬｨ ｨｺ ｨｨ06ｨｪ02 04ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｰ (n=27) Fig. 6. Changing of the illegal catching of falcons in the macro-region during last 5 years (n=27) 1 ｨC ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｦｨｪ ｨｺ06 / extremely rarely 2 ｨC ｨｺ06, ｨｪ ｨｮ050708ｨｪ06 / rarely, but regularly 3 ｨC ｨ ｨ 04 ﾂｨｪ04ｨｬ ｨｪｨｨ02ｨｬ / was a usual occurrence ｨｨ ｨｬ02ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ02 09ｨｨｨｰｨｮｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ 09 ｨｪ ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ04ｨｬ ｨｬ 0906ｨｺ ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ ｨｬ 04ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｰ (n=27): 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11 ｨC 3ｨC5 0502ｨｰ ｨｪｨ 04ｨ 01, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 ｨC ｨｪｨｨ02 2ｨC ｨ. 02ｨ 0604ｨｪｨ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ ｨｨ06ｨｪ ｨｰ0902ｨｰ09ｨｰ09ｨｮ06ｨｰ 06ｨ 0604ｨｪｨ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ07ｨｬ ｨｪｨ 08ｨｨ Fig. 7. Changing of the illegal catching of falcons in regions during last 5 years (n=27): 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11 ｨC 3ｨC5 years ago, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 ｨC during last 2ｨC3 years. Signs of the regions are the similar on the fig ｨｮ ｨC 05ｨｰ06 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ ｨ 04ｨｰｨｹ ｨ ｨｪ06 09 ｨ ｨｰ ｨｪ04ｨｬ ｨｪｨｨ02ｨｬ , ｨｺ060001ｨ 06ｨｰ09ｨｮｨｰ09ｨｰ09ｨｮ06ｨｰ 01ｨ ｨｮ01ｨｨ ｨ ｨｺｨｨｨｬ 06ｨ 08ｨ 0406ｨｬ, ｨｪ ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ04ｨｦ 06ｨｰ ｨｺ ｨｮ ﾂｨｨ05 08ｨ ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ ｨ 07ｨｪ09ｨｺ06ｨｦ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｨ ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ ｨｪ0209ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺｨｨｨｬｨｨ ｨ ｨｬｨｨ , ﾂ02ｨｬ ｨｰｨ ｨｦ09ｨｺ06ｨｦ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｰ ｨｨｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨｰ04 08ｨ 04ｨｪ0401 ﾂｨ 09ｨｰ02ｨｦ ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ 06ｨｰｨｬ02- ﾂｨ 06ｨｰ 09ｨｪｨｨ0302ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｪ ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ ｨ ｨｨ ｨ 05ｨｰ ｨｪｨｨ ｨ ｨｺ ｨｨ ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｦｨｪ ｨｺ060006, 0601ｨｪｨ ｨｺ ｨｪ0202 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ ｨ 04ｨｰｨｹ ｨ ｨｪ ｨｰ09ｨｮｨｰ09ｨｰ09ｨｨ02ｨｬ ｨｰ ｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｨｨｪ000608ｨｬｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ. 02 ﾂ0209ｨｨ01ｨｪ ｨｪ06: ｨｪｨ ｨ ｨ 02ｨｰ ｨ 01 ｨ 03ｨｨ06ｨｰｨ 03ｨ ｨｨ ｨｬ0209ｨｰｨｪ ｨｪｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｬ02ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ02 ﾂｨｨ0905ｨ 0008ｨｮ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｰ 01ｨ 08ｨｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｪ ｨｮ05ｨｹｨｰｨ ｨｰ ｨｪｨｺｨｨ ｨｪ0102ｨｪｨｰｨ ｨｬｨｨ ﾂｨｨ0905ｨ 0008ｨｮ0707, 0102ｨｦ09ｨｰ090609ｨ 0903ｨｨ01 ｨｪｨ ｨｰ020808ｨｨｨｰ0608ｨｨｨｨ ｨｬｨ ｨｺ ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ 3ｨC5 0502ｨｰ ｨｪｨ 04ｨ 01 ｨｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 2ｨC ｨ ｨ 09ｨｪ ｨｮ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｬ 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｬ, ｨｰ ｨｪｨ 04ｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｦ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｨ ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ ｨｬ ｨｬ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｪ02ｨｬ ｨC8 0008ｨｮ0707, ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 2ｨC ｨ ｨC ｨC4 0008ｨｮ ｨｬｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ06 06ｨｰ0902ｨｰｨｨ0903ｨｨ ｨｨｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨｰ0609 (n=11), ｨｺ ﾂｨｨ ｨｮ ｨｬｨ ｨｺ ｨｨ06ｨｪ ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｰｨｨ050609ｨｹ 0708ｨｨｨｬ0208ｨｪ ｨC ｨC ｨｪｨｺｨｮ ｨｺｨｮｨｰ09ｨｺ06ｨｦ 06ｨ 05ｨ 09ｨｰｨｨ 01ｨ 05 ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ ｨｨｨｪ ｨｨｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨｰ ｨC 06ｨｪ ｨｮｨｺｨ 04ｨ 05 ｨｮｨｬ02ｨｪｨｹ0302ｨｪｨｨ02 ﾂｨｨ0905ｨ 0008ｨｮ ｨ 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ ｨｨ ｨC ｨｰｨ ｨｨ 09ｨｺｨｮ07ｨｴｨｨｨｺ0609, ｨ ｨｪｨｨ04ｨ 02ｨｨ ｨ ｨｹ03ｨｨｨｪ09ｨｰ ｨｪ0102ｨｪｨｰ0609 (76,67%, n=29) ｨｮｨｺｨ 04ｨ 05ｨｨ, ﾂｨｰ06 ｨｪ0204ｨ ｨｺ06ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｬ ｨｬ 04ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｬｨ 06ｨｰ ｨｨ020403ｨｨ , 0607ｨｨ08ｨ 06ｨｴｨｨ ｨｪｨ 0706ｨｬ06ｨｴｨｹ ｨｬ0209ｨｰｨｪ ｨｨｨｰ020502ｨｦ; 39,29% (n=28) ｨｪ0102ｨｪｨｰ ｨｰ0902ｨｰｨｨ05ｨｨ, ﾂｨｰ ｨｨ06ｨｪ02 08ｨ ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪ02ｨｪｨ ｨｪ ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪｨ 07 09ｨｺｨｮ07ｨｺｨ 0906ｨｺ ｨ ｨ 09ｨｺｨｨ ｨｮ01ｨ 0809ｨｰ09ｨ, ｨｺｨ ｨｺ 09ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪ ｨｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｨ 09ｨｺｨｮ07ｨｴｨｨｨｺ0609, 09 ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ , 05ｨｨ08ｨｨ07, ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07, 05ｨ ｨｮ ｨｺｨ ｨ 09ｨｨ07, ｨｮｨｺｨ ｨ 06ｨｰ 0708ｨ ｨｺｨｰｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨ ｨｪ0102ｨｪｨｰ04 (51,86%, n=54), ｨｰｨ ｨｺ ｨｰ ｨ 09ｨｺｨ 0409ｨｺｨｨｨｦ ｨｨ06ｨｪ ｨC 16,66% ( ｨ ｨ ｨｦ0103ｨ ｨｪ ｨｨ ﾁ02 ﾂｨｪ07) ｨｨ ｨｪ ｨｨ07 ｨC 12,96% ｨｪ06ｨｬｨｮ ｨｮ0706ｨｬｨｨｨｪｨ ｨｪｨｨ06 09 ｨ ｨｪｨｺ02ｨｰｨ ｨｨ010601ｨｨｨｰ0907 ｨｪｨ 08ｨｨｨｰｨ ｨｦ, 0006ｨｪ000605ｨｨ06 ｨｨ 07ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｨｨｪｨｮ. 02ｨｺ ,97% 06ｨｰ0902ｨｰ0609 ｨｮｨｺｨ ｨ 06ｨｰ 0708ｨｨ020403ｨｨ ｨｨ ｨｮ00ｨｨ ｨｨ06ｨｪ ｨｨｨｨ (08ｨｨ09. 9) ｨｨ 09 06ｨｰ0902ｨｰｨ ｨｪ0102ｨｪｨｰ0609 ｨｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｦ09ｨｺ06ｨｦ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｨ ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ (n=30) 09 08ｨ 09ｨｪ06ｨｦ 09ｨｰ020702ｨｪｨｨ ｨｮｨｺｨ ｨ 06ｨｰ ｨｨ04 ｨ 08ｨ ｨ 09ｨｺｨｨ01 09ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪ (46,66%) ｨｨ ｨｪ02ｨｦ 0804ｨｨｨｨ ｨｨ 08ｨ 09ｨｺｨ 04ｨ (40,00%), ｨｰ ｨ 07ｨｪ09ｨｺ06ｨｦ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｨ (n=21)

32 ｨｪｨ ｨｰ ｨｨｨｴｨｪｨｨｨｺｨｨ ｨｨ ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ 2007, ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｰ ｨｨｨｴｨｪｨｨｨｺ0609 1) 0708ｨｨ020403ｨｨｨｦ (ｨｺｨ ｨｺ 0708ｨ 09ｨｨ0506, 0802 ﾂｨｹ ｨｨ0100ｨｰ 06 09ｨｨ08ｨｨｨｦ02ｨ 01) 0302ｨｪｨｨｨｰ0907 ｨｪｨ ｨｬ0209ｨｰｨｪ06ｨｦ 0302ｨｪｨｴｨｨｨｪ02, ｨｮ ﾂｨ 02ｨｰ 0008ｨ 0301ｨ ｨｪ09ｨｰ0906 ｨｨ ｨｨ09ｨｺｨｮ, ｨ 0706ｨｰ06ｨｬ ｨｨ ｨ ｨｨｨｪｨｨｨｬｨ 02ｨｰ ｨｮ0402ｨｦ03 ｨｨ04 05ｨｨ08ｨｨｨｨ; 2) ｨｨ ｨｪ02ｨｦ 0804ｨｨｨｨ ｨｨ05ｨｨ 08ｨ 09ｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｮ ﾂｨ 02ｨｰ ｨｨ09ｨｺｨｮ ｨｮｨ 05ｨｨｨｺ02, 0706ｨｺｨｮ07ｨ 02ｨｰ 09ｨｺ06ｨｰ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｮ ｨｬｨｮ ｨｨ ｨｮ09ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｨ09ｨ 02ｨｰ ｨｪｨ ｨｪ02ｨｦ ｨｬ0209ｨｰ ｨｺｨｨ 0906ｨｺ ｨｰｨ ｨｦ09ｨｺｨ 07 ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｹ ｨｬｨ ｨｺ ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ / Altai part of the macro-region 05ｨ 07ｨｪ09ｨｺｨ 07 ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｹ ｨｬｨ ｨｺ ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ / Sayan part of the macro-region 04ｨｨ ｨｬ02ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｺ0605ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｰ09ｨ 0008ｨｮ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｰ ｨｰｨ ｨｦ09ｨｺ06ｨｦ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｨ ｨｬｨ ｨｺ ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ (n=6) ｨｨ 09 05ｨ 07ｨｪ09ｨｺ06ｨｦ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｨ ｨｬｨ ｨｺ ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ (n=5) Fig. 8. Changing of numbers of poacher teams in the Altai part of the macro-region (n=6) and Sayan part of the macro-region (n=5) during last 5 years 1 ｨC ｨ ｨｮ0707 / more then 10 poacher teams 2 ｨC 06ｨｺ ｨｮ0707 / about 10 poacher teams 3 ｨC 3ｨC5 0008ｨｮ0707 / 3ｨC5 poacher teams 4 ｨC 1ｨC2 0008ｨｮ / 1ｨC2 poacher teams ｨｨ04 ｨ 08ｨ ｨ 09ｨｺｨｨ01 09ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪ ｨ 04ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰ 09ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪ ｨｪ02ｨｦ 0804ｨｨｨｨ ｨｨ 08ｨ 09ｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨC 57,16% ｨｨ 19,03% ｨｰ0902ｨｰ09ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ ｨｬ02 ｨｰ060006, ｨｪ0102ｨｪｨｰ04 ｨｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｦ09ｨｺ ｨｺ08ｨ 07 ｨｨ 0808ｨ 09ｨｪ ｨｺ ｨｺ08ｨ 07 06ｨｰ010205ｨｹｨｪ06 ｨｮｨｺｨ ｨ 06ｨｰ 09ｨｰｨｮ0102ｨｪｨｰ0609-ｨｨｨｪ0609ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪ020209, ｨｺｨ ｨｺ ｨｺｨ ｨｰ ｨｨ06 05ｨｨ02, ｨｨｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ ｨｰｨｮ07ｨ 06ｨｴｨｨ01 09 ｨｮ ﾂ02ｨ ｨｪ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 09ｨ 08ｨｪｨ ｨｮ05ｨ ｨｨ 0808ｨ 09ｨｪ ｨｺｨ, ﾂｨｰ06ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｪ ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ04ｨｦ 0906ｨｺ0605ｨｨｨｪ04ｨｦ ｨ ｨｨ04ｨｪ ｨｰｨｨ ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ ｨｨｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨｰ04 09ｨ ｨｺｨ 09ｨｨｨｨ 0708ｨｨ090205ｨｨ 0109ｨ 0607ｨｨ09ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｮ09ｨｰ06ｨｦ ﾂｨｨ0906ｨｦ 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰｨ 06ｨｴ02ｨｦ ｨｬ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ04ｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ ｨ : 04ｨｨ ｨｰｨ (n=54): A) ｨｬ ｨｬｨ ｨｺ ｨｨ06ｨｪ02, B) ｨｰｨ ｨｦ09ｨｺ06ｨｦ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｨ (n=30), C) 09 05ｨ 07ｨｪ09ｨｺ06ｨｦ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｨ (n=21), D) 09 09ｨ ｨｦｨｺｨ 05ｨｹ09ｨｺ06ｨｬ ｨｨ06ｨｪ02 (n=3) Fig. 9. National structure of poachers (n=54): A) in the whole macro- region;b) in the Altai part (n=30); C) in the Sayan part (n=21); D) in the Baikal region (n=3) 1 ｨC 0808ｨ ｨ 09ｨｺｨｨ02 09ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪ04 / Arabian States 2 ｨC ｨｪ ｨｨ07 / Middle Asia 3 ｨC ｨ ｨ ｨｦ0103ｨ ｨｪ / Azerbaijan 4 ｨC ﾁ02 ﾂｨｪ07 / Chechen 5 ｨC 08ｨ 04ｨｪ ｨｨ06ｨｪ ｨｨｨｨ / different Russian regions 6 ｨC 07ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｨｨｪｨ / Ukraine 7 ｨC 08ｨｨｨｰｨ ｨｦ / China 8 ｨC 0006ｨｪ000605ｨｨ07 / Mongolia ｨｰｨ 06ｨｰ050609ｨ 0906ｨｺ ｨｰ0902ｨｰ ｨｪｨ ｨ ｨｨ ｨｰｨｪ0401 ｨｨｨｬ ｨｬ0209ｨｰｨ ｨ ｨｨｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨｰ04, ｨｺｨ ｨｺ 0708ｨ 09ｨｨ0506, ｨｪｨ ｨ 05ｨｨ ｨ 01ｨｬｨｨｨｪｨｨ09ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｰｨｨ09ｨｪ ｨ ｨｦ06ｨｪ ｨｨ ｨｨ06ｨｪ ｨ 0609ｨｪ0609ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｨ 05ｨｰｨｨ01 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0401 ｨ 0405ｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｺｨ 08ｨｰｨ 08ｨ ｨｦ06ｨｪ ｨｮｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02ｨｬ ﾂｨｨ0905ｨ 0909ｨｰ0802 ﾂ (08ｨｨ09. 10). 06ｨ ｨｺｨｨｨｬ 06ｨ 08ｨ 0406ｨｬ, ｨｬｨ ｨｺ09ｨｨｨｬｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ04ｨｦ ｨｪｨ ｨ ｨ 02ｨｰ0907 ｨｪｨ ｨｦ 09ｨｰ0207ｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｰ020808ｨｨｨｰ0608ｨｨｨｨ 09ｨ ｨｺｨ 09ｨｨｨｨ, 0006ｨｪ00ｨｮｨｪ-06ｨ ｨｦ00ｨｨｨｪ09ｨｺ06ｨｬ 08ｨ ｨｦ06ｨｪ , ｨ ﾂ09ｨｺ06ｨｬ 08ｨ ｨｦ06ｨｪ ｨｮｨ 05ｨｨｨｺｨｨ 0805ｨｰｨ ｨｦ, ｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｺ ｨｪ ｨｰ ｨｰｨ 07: 08ｨｮ08ｨｹｨｨｨｪ09ｨｺ06ｨｬ, ｨｰｨｹ07ｨｺ060909ｨｺ06ｨｬ, 0302ｨｰ080607ｨ ｨｺ06ｨｬ, ｨｰ0806ｨｨ09ｨｰ06ｨｺ09ｨｺ06ｨｬ, 05ｨｬ060502ｨｪ09ｨｺ06ｨｬ, 05ｨｬ02ｨｨｨｪ ｨｺ06ｨｬ, 0906ｨｺｨｰ020909ｨｺ06ｨｬ ｨｨ 0709ｨｰｨｹ-0308ｨｨ09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ09ｨｺ06ｨｬ 08ｨ ｨｦ06ｨｪｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｦ09ｨｺ ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｺｨｨ, ｨｬ02ｨｰ ｨｨ ｨｨ ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪ ｨｰｨｨ080609ｨｺｨｨ 0906ｨｺ ｨｪ0102ｨｪｨｰ04 ｨｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｦ09ｨｺ ｨｺ08ｨ 07, ｨｮｨ 05ｨｨｨｺ 0805ｨｰｨ ｨｦ ｨｨ 09ｨ ｨｺｨ 09ｨｨ07 (29,63%, n=27) ｨｮｨｺｨ 04ｨ 05ｨｨ, ﾂｨｰ06 04ｨｪｨ 06ｨｰ 06 ｨｪｨ 05ｨｨ ﾂｨｨｨｨ ｨｬ0209ｨｰ ｨｺｨｨ 0906ｨｺ ｨｨ ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ 01. A B C D

33 13Raptors Conservation Raptors Conservation 2007, ｨｨ ｨ 04ｨｪ ｨ ｨｦ06ｨｪｨ ｨｰｨ 02-05ｨ 07ｨｪ09ｨｺ ｨｺ ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ : ｨｺ0605ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｰ ｨｰ0802 ﾂ ｨ ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｬ ｨ ｨｪｨｺ02ｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｨｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨｰ0609. B ｨC 0008ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪ, 05 ｨC 0008ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨ 05ｨ 09ｨｰ02ｨｦ, D ｨC ｨｬ04, E ｨC 0008ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｺ ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ Fig. 10. Pressure of poaching in the different refions of the Altai-Sayan ecoregion: number of observed poachers following the data of questionnaire. B ｨC state borders, 05 ｨC district borders, D ｨC water bodies, E ｨC ecoregion border ｨｪｨ ｨｺ06 ｨｪ0209ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺ ｨｪ0102ｨｪｨｰ0609 ｨｮｨｰ06 ﾂｨｪｨｨ05ｨｨ, ﾂｨｰ06 ｨｮｨｺｨ ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｨ ｨｰｨｪ0402 ｨｬ0209ｨｰｨ ｨ ｨｬ ｨｪｨｪ06, ｨｰ. ｨｺ. 07ｨｰｨｨ ｨｨ09ｨ 06ｨｰ ｨｪｨ 07ｨ 09ｨｰｨｮ03ｨｹｨｨ01 09ｨｰ0607ｨｪｨｺｨ 01 ｨｨ ｨｬｨ 01 09ｨｺ06ｨｰ , ｨｺ06ｨｰ ｨｨ06ｨｪ02 ｨｬｨｪ ｨｰ0906 ｨｨ ｨｺ06ｨｰ ｨｮ050708ｨｪ06 ｨｬ02ｨｪ0706ｨｰ ｨ ｨｺｨｰｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨ ｨｪ0102ｨｪｨｰ04 ｨｮｨｺｨ 04ｨ 05ｨｨ 09 ｨｺｨ ﾂ0209ｨｰ ｨｪ0609ｨｪ ｨｬ02ｨｰ0601ｨ 06ｨｰ050609ｨ 0906ｨｺ ｨC ｨｪｨ ｨｮｨ ｨｨ0502ｨｰ ｨｰ0507ｨｬｨｨ (83,34%, n=30). 0306ｨｬｨｨｨｬ06 05ｨｰ ｨｬ02ｨｰ0601ｨ, ｨｨ ｨｹ04ｨｮ06ｨｰ ｨ 01ｨｪｨ ｨｰｨｹ (13,33%) ｨｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｦｨｪｨｨｨｺ (05ｨｮ ﾂ06ｨｺ) (3,33%). 0201ｨｨｨｪ ｨｪ0102ｨｪｨｰ ｨｨ ｨｮｨ 05ｨｨｨｺｨｨ 0805ｨｰｨ ｨｦ ｨ ｨｴｨｨ05, ﾂｨｰ06 07ｨｰｨｨ ｨｰ ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0302 ｨｪｨ 09ｨｮ0905ｨｨｨｺｨ ｨｹ03ｨｨｨｪ09ｨｰ ｨｪｨｪ0401 (77,79% 06ｨｰ0902ｨｰ0609, n=36) ｨｮｨｺｨ ｨ 06ｨｰ, ﾂｨｰ ｨｨ ｨｨ ｨｹ04ｨｮ06ｨｰ0907 ｨ 09ｨｰ06ｨｬ06ｨ ｨｨ05ｨｨ ｨｪｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｨｨｬ0609ｨｰｨｨ ｨｬ02 ｨｰ060006, 09 19,44% 06ｨｰ0902ｨｰ0609 ｨｮｨｺｨ ｨ 02ｨｰ0907 ｨｨ ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨ 0102ｨｦ ( ｨｰｨ ｨｦ09ｨｺ06ｨｬ ｨｺ08ｨ 02, ｨｮｨ 05ｨｨｨｺ ｨｰｨ ｨｦ ｨｨ 0808ｨ 09ｨｪ ｨｺ06ｨｬ ｨｺ08ｨ 02). 0201ｨｨｨｪ ｨｪ0102ｨｪｨｰ ｨｨ ｨｮｨ 05ｨｨｨｺｨｨ 0805ｨｰｨ ｨｦ 06ｨｰｨｬ02ｨｰｨｨ05 ｨｨ ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｬ06ｨｰ0602ｨｨｨｺ ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪ ｨｰｨｨ080609ｨｺｨｨ ｨｨ ｨ 0906ｨｺ ｨｨ ｨｨ06ｨｪ ｨ ｨｨ ｨｹ04ｨｮ06ｨｰ0907 ｨ 09ｨｰ06ｨｬ06ｨ ｨｨ05ｨｨ, ｨｺ06ｨｰ ｨｰ ｨｪ0609ｨｪ04ｨｬ ｨ 06ｨｬ ｨ 07ｨ 08ｨｰｨｨｨｦ 0906ｨｺ ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ 01 (40,48% 06ｨｰ0902ｨｰ0609, n=42), 28,57% 06ｨｰ0902ｨｰ ｨｨ010601ｨｨｨｰ0907 ｨｪｨ ﾂ ｨ ｨｰ04 ( ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ 01, ｨｺ0806ｨｬ02 09ｨ ｨｺｨ 09ｨｨｨｨ ｨｨ ), 26,19% ｨC ｨｪ ｨｪ04ｨｬ ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪ ｨｰ06ｨｬ (0805ｨｰｨ ｨｦ09ｨｺｨｨｨｦ ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｦ ｨｨ ｨｮｨ 05ｨｨｨｺｨ 0805ｨｰｨ ｨｦ, 0808ｨ 09ｨｪ ｨｺｨｨｨｦ ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｦ) ｨｨ ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 4,76% ｨC ｨｦ ｨｬｨｨ ｨ 09ｨｰ06ｨ ｨｮ09ｨ ｨｬｨｨ ( ｨｮｨ 05ｨｨｨｺｨｨ 0805ｨｰｨ ｨｦ ｨｨ ｨ ) (08ｨｨ09. 11) ｨｪｨ 08ｨ 04ｨｪ ｨｰｨｨ ｨｪ0609ｨｪ04ｨｬ 09ｨｨ0106ｨｬ, ｨｺ06ｨｰ060804ｨｦ 06ｨｰ05ｨ 0905ｨｨ09ｨ 02ｨｰ ｨｬ ｨｨ06ｨｪ02, ｨｰ0907 ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪ ｨC 58,14% (n=43), ｨ 04ｨ ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｹ ｨｰ0902ｨｰ ｨｨ ｨｹ ｨｪｨ 09ｨ 0709ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨC 27,91% ｨｨ ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 13,95% ｨC ｨｪｨ ｨｺ0802 ﾂ02ｨｰｨ ( ｨｰｨｬ02ｨｰｨｨ05ｨｨ ｨｨｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨｰ04 ｨｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｦ09ｨｺ ｨｺ08ｨ 07, ｨｮｨ 05ｨｨｨｺｨｨ 0805ｨｰｨ ｨｦ ｨｨ 0608ｨｺｨｮｨｰ09ｨｺ06ｨｦ 06ｨ 05ｨ 09ｨｰｨｨ) ｨｨｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨｰ04 ｨｮｨｺｨ ｨ 06ｨｰ, ﾂｨｰ06 ｨｪｨ ｨｨｨ ｨ ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪ00ｨｪ 06ｨｰ ｨｰｨｨ02 (47,06% 06ｨｰ0902ｨｰ0609, n=51), ﾂｨｮｨｰｨｹ ｨｬ02ｨｪ0202 ｨC 06ｨｰ ｨｬ (35,29%), 15,69% 06ｨｰ0902ｨｰ ｨｨ ｨｹ ｨｪｨ ｨｨ04ｨｲ07ｨｰｨｨ02 07ｨｰ02ｨｪ ｨｨ04 00ｨｪ ｨｨ ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ ｨｪ0102ｨｪｨｰ (1,96%) ｨｮｨｺｨ 04ｨ 05 09ｨ ｨｨ02. 01ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨC 90,48% (n=21) ｨｮｨｺｨ 04ｨ 05ｨｨ, ﾂｨｰ ｨｬ ｨｹ04ｨｮ06ｨｰ ｨ ｨｬｨｺｨｨ, ｨｨ 9,52% ｨC 09ｨ ｨｬ ｨｪ04 ｨｪｨ 0906ｨｺ ｨ ｨｪｨ 01 ｨｪｨ 0906ｨｺ ｨｪ02 06ｨｰ0902ｨｰｨｨ05 ｨｪｨｨ 0601ｨｨｨｪ ｨｪ0102ｨｪｨｰ ｨｪｨｺｨ ｨｪ ｨ ｨｨ01ｨ ｨｬ 01ｨ 08ｨｨ ｨｨ ｨｪ ｨｮ05ｨｹｨｰｨ ｨｰ ｨｪｨｺｨｨ ｨｨｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨｰｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨｪ ｨ ｨｨ01ｨ ｨｬ ｨｨ04 06ｨｰ0902ｨｰ0609 ｨｪｨ 05ｨｰ06ｨｰ , ｨｬ ﾂ05ｨｨ ｨｬ0603ｨｪ04ｨｬ ｨｪｨｨｨｰｨｹ ｨｨ04ｨｲ07ｨｰｨｨ ｨｺ ｨｬ 0805ｨｰｨ 02-05ｨ 07ｨｪ09ｨｺ06ｨｬ ｨｨ06ｨｪ02 04ｨｨ ｨ ｨ 0906ｨｺ ｨｨ ｨｨ06ｨｪ ｨ (n=42) Fig. 11. Methods of falcon transporting (n=42) 1 ｨC ｨ 09ｨｨｨ 02ｨｨ07 / aviation 2 ｨC ｨｪｨ ｨ / by rail train 3 ｨC 0802ｨｦ ｨ 09ｨｰ06ｨ ｨｮ0904 / regular buses 4 ｨC ｨ 09ｨｰ06ｨｬ06ｨ ｨｨ05ｨｨ / vehicles

34 ｨｪｨ ｨｰ ｨｨｨｴｨｪｨｨｨｺｨｨ ｨｨ ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ 2007, ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｰ ｨｨｨｴｨｪｨｨｨｺ ｨｨ ｨｪｨｺｨ ｨｪ ｨ ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ (Falco cherrug) (n=24), 09ｨ 0709ｨ ｨｪｨ (Falco peregrinus) (n=16) ｨｨ ｨｺ0802 ﾂ02ｨｰｨ (Falco rusticolus) (n=9) Fig. 12. Estimation of the annual catching of Sakers (Falco cherrug) (n=24), Peregrine Falcons (Falco peregrinus) (n=16) and Gyrfalcons (Falco rusticolus) (n=9) (ｨ 0204 ｨｮ ﾂ00ｨｰｨ 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ ｨｺｨｮｨｰ09ｨｺ06ｨｦ 06ｨ 05ｨ 09ｨｰｨｨ). 08ｨ ｨｦ ｨｨｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨｰ ｨ ｨｪｨｺｨｮ ｨ ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ. 06. ｨｺ. 09ｨ ｨｺｨ 09ｨｨ07 ｨｨ ｨ 09ｨｪ ｨｺ ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｰ 0906ｨ 06ｨｦ 0601ｨｪｨｮ ｨ 00ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｮ06 ｨｰ020808ｨｨｨｰ0608ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪ ｨ 0906ｨｺ , 06ｨｰ0902ｨｰ ｨｨｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨｰ0609 ｨｨ04 05ｨｰｨｨ ｨｨ06ｨｪ0609 ｨ 0405ｨｨ 06ｨ ｨｲ0201ｨｨｨｪ02ｨｪ ｨｪｨｮ 0008ｨｮ0707ｨｮ. 0604ｨｲ07ｨｰｨｨ02 ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｰｨｺｨ ｨｪｨｨ09ｨ 06ｨｰ 70% ｨｪ0102ｨｪｨｰ0609 ｨｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｦ09ｨｺ ｨｺ08ｨ 07 (n=10), 100% ｨｨ ｨｮｨ 05ｨｨｨｺｨｨ 0805ｨｰｨ ｨｦ (n=4), 100% ｨｨ ｨｮｨ 05ｨｨｨｺｨｨ ｨ (n=1), 100% ｨｨ ｨ 09ｨｪ ｨｺ ｨｺ08ｨ 07 ｨｨ ｨｮｨ 05ｨｨｨｺｨｨ 09ｨ ｨｺｨ 09ｨｨ07 (n=7). 06ｨ ｨｺｨｨｨｬ 06ｨ 08ｨ 0406ｨｬ, ｨ 09ｨｪ06 06ｨｰ0902ｨｰｨ ｨｬ, ｨｰｨｺｨｨ ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪ ｨ 0905ｨｨ09ｨ 06ｨｰ ｨｺｨ ｨｦ ｨｨ ｨｰ020808ｨｨｨｰ0608ｨｨｨｦ ｨ ｨC ｨｰ ｨｰｨｹ, ｨｬ, ｨ ｨｰｨｪｨｨ ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪ ｨ 0709ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｨｨｪｨｨ02ｨ ｨｪｨｨ09ｨ 06ｨｰ 100% ｨｪ0102ｨｪｨｰ0609 ｨｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｦ09ｨｺ ｨｺ08ｨ 07 (n=6), 100% ｨｨ ｨｮｨ 05ｨｨｨｺｨｨ 0805ｨｰｨ ｨｦ (n=1), 28,57% ｨｨ ｨ 09ｨｪ ｨｺ ｨｺ08ｨ 07 ｨｨ ｨｮｨ 05ｨｨｨｺｨｨ 09ｨ ｨｺｨ 09ｨｨ07 (n=7); ｨｰｨｺｨ 01 ｨC 100% ｨｨ ｨｮｨ 05ｨｨｨｺｨｨ ｨ (n=1), 71,43% ｨｨ ｨ 09ｨｪ ｨｺ ｨｺ08ｨ 07 ｨｨ ｨｮｨ 05ｨｨｨｺｨｨ 09ｨ ｨｺｨ 09ｨｨ ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ06, 06ｨ ｨｴ0202 ｨｺ0605ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｰ ｨ 0905ｨｨ09ｨ 02ｨｬ ｨｪ06 09ｨ 0709ｨ ｨｪ0609 ｨｬ0603ｨｪ ｨｪｨｨｨｰｨｹ 09 ｨｪ0209ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺ ｨｰｨｺ0609, ｨｬ0603ｨｪ06, ﾂｨｮｨｰｨｹ ｨｬ02ｨｪ ｨｰｨｨ ｨｺ0802 ﾂ02ｨｰｨ ｨ 0502ｨｬｨ ｨｰｨｨ ﾂｨｪ ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｰｨ ｨｺｨｮ ｨｪｨｺｨｮ, ｨｰ.ｨｺ ｨｰｨｬ02ｨｰｨｨ05ｨｨ ｨｪ0102ｨｪｨｰ0609: ｨｨｨｪｨｨ02ｨ 01 ｨｮｨｺｨ 04ｨ 05ｨｨ ｨｪ0102ｨｪｨｰｨ ｨｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｦ09ｨｺ ｨｺ08ｨ 07 ｨｨ ｨｪ06ｨｬｨｮ ｨｨ ｨｮｨ 05ｨｨｨｺ 0805ｨｰｨ ｨｦ ｨｨ ｨ ｨｨ ｨｨ ｨ 09ｨｪ ｨｺ ｨｺ08ｨ 07, ｨｰｨｺｨ 01 ｨC 0601ｨｨｨｪ ｨｪ0102ｨｪｨｰ ｨｨ ｨｮｨ 05ｨｨｨｺｨｨ 0805ｨｰｨ ｨｦ ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ06, 06ｨ ｨｴ0202 ｨｺ0605ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｰ ｨｪｨｪ0401 ｨｺ0802 ﾂ02ｨｰ0609 ｨｬ0603ｨｪ06 06 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｹ ｨｮ ｨｪ ｨｪｨｨｨｰｨｹ 09 ｨｪ0209ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺ ｨｰｨｺ ｨｰｨｨ (20ｨC30 07ｨｰｨｨ02). ｨC ｨｰｨｺｨｨ / tens birds Falco cherrug Falco peregrinus ｨC 0201ｨｨｨｪｨｨ0204 / single birds Falco rusticolus ｨｨ07ｨｪｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｮ050702ｨｨｨｨ ｨｹ03ｨ 07 ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｹ ｨｨｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨｰ ﾂｨｨｨｰｨ 06ｨｰ, ﾂｨｰ06 ｨｪ0204ｨ ｨｺ06ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ 06ｨｰ ｨｨ0702ｨｰ 06ｨｰ08ｨｨ02ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ ｨｬ ｨｨ06ｨｪｨｮ (50%, n=22), 0706 ﾂｨｰｨｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｺ ｨｺ0605ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｰ0906 (45,45%) ｨC 06ｨｰ08ｨｨ02ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ ｨｰ010205ｨｹｨｪ0401 ｨｬ0209ｨｰｨ ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ ｨｨｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨｰ (4,55%) ｨｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｦ09ｨｺ ｨｺ08ｨ 07 ｨｮｨｺｨ 04ｨ 05, ﾂｨｰ06 04ｨ ｨｬ02ｨｰｨｪ ｨｨ07ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｪ02ｨｰ ｨｰ0607ｨｪｨｨｨｨ ﾂｨｨ090502ｨｪｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｬｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ07 08ｨ ｨｨ05ｨｨ09ｨｹ: 47,1% (n=17) ｨｮｨｺｨ ｨ 06ｨｰ, ﾂｨｰ06 ﾂｨｨ090502ｨｪｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ 07ｨ 01ｨ 02ｨｰ, 47,1% ｨC 09ｨｰｨ ｨ ｨｨ05ｨｹｨｪｨ, ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ ｨｪ0102ｨｪｨｰ (5,9%) ｨｨ ｨｮｨ 05ｨｨｨｺｨｨ 09ｨ ｨｺｨ 09ｨｨ07 ｨｮｨｺｨ 04ｨ 05 ｨｮ090205ｨｨ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ02 ﾂｨｨ090502ｨｪｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ (08ｨｨ09. 13). 08ｨｪｨ 05ｨｨ04 06ｨｰ0902ｨｰ ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ ｨｬ 0706ｨｺｨ 04ｨ 05, ﾂｨｰ ｨｰｨ ｨｦ09ｨｺ06ｨｬ ｨｺ08ｨ 02 (n=6) ﾂｨｨ090502ｨｪｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ 09ｨｺ ｨｰｨ ｨ ｨｨ05ｨｹｨｪｨ ｨｨ05ｨｨ ｨｮｨｬ02ｨｪｨｹ03ｨ 02ｨｰ0907 ( % 06ｨｰ0902ｨｰ0609), ｨｮｨ 05ｨｨｨｺ ｨｰｨ ｨｦ ｨ ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｬ ｨｪ0102ｨｪｨｰ0609 ｨｪｨ ｨ ｨ 02ｨｰ ｨ 0102ｨｪｨｨ02 ﾂｨｨ090502ｨｪｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ, ｨｪｨ ｨｰｨｨ09, ｨ 09ｨｪ ｨｺ06ｨｬ ｨｺ08ｨ 02 (n=4) 09ｨｰｨ ｨ ｨｨ05ｨｹｨｪｨｮ06 ﾂｨｨ090502ｨｪｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ ｨｮｨｺｨ 04ｨ 05ｨｨ ｨ 04ｨ ｨ 0605ｨｹ ｨｨｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨｰ0609, ﾂ02ｨｬ 0200 ｨｮｨｬ02ｨｪｨｹ0302ｨｪｨｨ02 (75% ｨｰｨｨ09 25%), ｨ 2 06ｨｰ0902ｨｰｨｨ0903ｨｨ ｨｪ0102ｨｪｨｰｨ ｨｨ ｨｮｨ 05ｨｨｨｺｨｨ 09ｨ ｨｺｨ 09ｨｨ07 01ｨ 05ｨｨ ｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ ｨｰｨｨ ｨｪ ｨｰ0902ｨｰ04 ( ﾂｨｨ090502ｨｪｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ 07ｨ 01ｨ 02ｨｰ ｨｨ 08ｨ 09ｨｰ00ｨｰ) ｨｰ0607ｨｪｨｨ02 ﾂｨｨ090502ｨｪｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ 09ｨ 0709ｨ ｨｪｨ 09 ｨｬｨ ｨｺ ｨｨ06ｨｪ02 ｨ 0605ｨｹ03ｨｨｨｪ09ｨｰ ｨｨｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨｰ0609 (ｨｨ ｨｨ06ｨｪ0609, ｨｺ0806ｨｬ02 09ｨ ｨｺｨ 09ｨｨｨｨ) ｨｪｨｨ09ｨ 06ｨｰ ｨｺｨ ｨｺ 09ｨｰｨ ｨ ｨｨ05ｨｹｨｪ0602 ｨC 78,6% (n=14), ｨｨｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨｰｨ ｨｨ04 09ｨ ｨｺｨ 09ｨｨｨｨ ｨｨ 0808ｨ 09ｨｪ ｨｺ ｨｺ08ｨ 07 (14,3%) ｨｮｨｺｨ 04ｨ 05ｨｨ ｨｰ ｨｨ ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ ｨｨｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨｰ ｨｨ04 09ｨ ｨｺｨ 09ｨｨｨｨ (7,1%) ｨｮｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｮｨｬ02ｨｪｨｹ0302ｨｪｨｨ02 (08ｨｨ09. 13) ｨｰ ｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ ｨｺ0802 ﾂ02ｨｰｨｮ ｨｬｨ 05ｨ ｨC ｨｰ0902ｨｰ0609, 0708ｨｨ ｨｰ06ｨｬ, ﾂｨｰ06 ｨｺ0802 ﾂ02ｨｰ ｨC ｨｺ06 04ｨｨｨｬｨｮ06ｨｴｨｨｨｦ 09ｨｨ ｨｨ06ｨｪ02, ｨｨ ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｦ 0706 ｨｮ ﾂ00ｨｰｨｮ ﾂｨｨ090502ｨｪｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｺｨｰ06 ｨｪ ｨｨｨｰ. 00ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ ｨｨｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨｰ ｨ ｨｨ05ｨｨ09ｨｹ: 42,9% (n=7) ｨｮｨｺｨ ｨ 06ｨｰ ｨｮｨｬ02ｨｪｨｹ0302ｨｪｨｨ02 ﾂｨｨ090502ｨｪｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ, 57,1% ｨC 09ｨｰｨ ｨ ｨｨ05ｨｹｨｪｨｮ06 ﾂｨｨ090502ｨｪｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ (08ｨｨ09. 13) ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹ ｨｨ ｨｺｨｮｨｰ09ｨｺ06ｨｦ 06ｨ 05ｨ 09ｨｰｨｨ 06ｨｰｨｬ02ｨｰｨｨ05, ﾂｨｰ ｨｮ050702ｨｨ ｨｺ , 00ｨｪ ｨｴｨｨ ｨｨｨ ｨ ｨｦｨｺｨ 05ｨｹ02, ｨｨ04ｨｬ02ｨｪ0702ｨｰ ｨｰｨｪ060302ｨｪｨｨ ｨｰ060806ｨｪｨｮ ｨ 05ｨ 01ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 ﾂｨｨ0905ｨ 09ｨ ｨｬ ｨｪｨ 01 ﾂｨｨ090506ｨｬ 09ｨ ｨｬ06ｨｺ ｨC 05ｨｰ ｨｨ ｨｨｨｰ, 09ｨｺ , ｨｨ04-04ｨ 06ｨｰ050609ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｬｨｨ0008ｨ 02ｨｨ06ｨｪｨｪ ｨｮｨｰ0701 ｨｨ05ｨｨ 04ｨｨｨｬ0609ｨｺｨ 01 09ｨｪ ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ, ｨ ｨｪ02 ｨｪｨ 00ｨｪ ｨｹ ｨ ｨｺｨｨｨｬ 06ｨ 08ｨ 0406ｨｬ, 06ｨ ｨｴ ｨｰ0607ｨｪｨｨ02 ﾂｨｨ090502ｨｪｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ ｨｮ050702ｨｨｨｦ 09 ｨｬｨ ｨｺ ｨｨ06ｨｪ02 ｨｬ0603ｨｪ ｨｪｨｨｨｰｨｹ ｨｺｨ ｨｺ 09ｨｰｨ ｨ ｨｨ05ｨｹｨｪ0602 ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ ｨ 0709ｨ ｨｪｨ, ｨ ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｨ ｨｺ0802 ﾂ02ｨｰｨ 06ｨｪｨ ｨ 02ｨｰ ｨｮｨｬ02ｨｪｨｹ03ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｺ06ｨｰ0608ｨ 07 09ｨｰｨ ｨ ｨｨ05ｨｨ04ｨ 02ｨｨ07 ﾂｨｨ090502ｨｪｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ 06ｨｰｨｬ02 ﾂｨ 02ｨｰ ｨｮ050702ｨｨｨｦ ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ 09 09ｨ ｨｺｨ 09ｨｨｨｨ ｨｨ ｨｪｨ ｨ 09ｨｪ ｨｺ ｨｺ08ｨ 07, ｨｰ060001ｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｺ ｨｪ ｨｰｨ ｨｪ0604ｨｪｨ ﾂｨｪ06 ｨｮｨｺｨ ｨ 02ｨｰ ｨｮｨｬ02ｨｪｨｹ0302ｨｪｨｨ ｨｪｨｺｨｨ ｨｰ0607ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｬｨｨ0008ｨｨ08ｨｮ06ｨｴ ｨｺ0802 ﾂ02ｨｰｨ ｨｪ0206ｨ ｨｨｨｬ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｨｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ0401 ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｦ ｨC ｨｨｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨｰ ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ 01, ｨｺｨ ｨｺ 0708ｨ 09ｨｨ0506, ｨｪ ｨ ｨｰ ｨｨｨｪ000608ｨｬｨ 02ｨｨ02ｨｦ 06 ｨｪ00ｨｬ.

35 13Raptors Conservation Raptors Conservation 2007, ｨｨ ｨｪｨｺｨ 01ｨｨｨｪｨ ｨｬｨｨｨｺｨｨ ﾂｨｨ090502ｨｪｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ ｨｮ050702ｨｨｨｦ ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ (n=17), 09ｨ 0709ｨ ｨｪｨ (n=14), ｨｺ0802 ﾂ02ｨｰｨ (n=7) Fig. 13. Estimation of population trends of Sakers (n=17), Peregrine Falcons (n=14) and Gyrfalcons (n=7) 1 ｨC ﾂｨｨ090502ｨｪｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ 08ｨ 09ｨｰ00ｨｰ / increasing trend 2 ｨC ﾂｨｨ090502ｨｪｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ 09ｨｰｨ ｨ ｨｨ05ｨｹｨｪｨ / stable trend 3 ｨC ﾂｨｨ090502ｨｪｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ 07ｨ 01ｨ 02ｨｰ / decreasing trend Falco cherrug Falco peregrinus Falco rusticolus ｨｰ08ｨ 0302ｨｪｨｨ ｨ 0502ｨｬ ｨｨ 06ｨｰｨｪ060302ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｪｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ ｨｺ ｨｪ ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ06ｨｬｨｮ ｨｮ 0906ｨｺ ｨｪ0609ｨｪｨ 07 ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｹ ｨｪ0102ｨｪｨｰ0609 (76,92%, n=26) ｨｮｨｺｨ 04ｨ 05ｨｨ, ﾂｨｰ ｨ ｨｴ02ｨｪｨｨ ｨｺ0605ｨｨｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨ 0502ｨｬ ｨｰ0802 ﾂｨ 06ｨｰ0907 ｨｪ02 ｨｺｨ ｨｦ , 15,38% ｨC ｨｪ0209ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 08ｨ (ｨｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｦ09ｨｺ ｨｺ08ｨ 07, ｨｮｨ 05ｨｨｨｺｨｨ 0805ｨｰｨ ｨｦ ｨｨ 0608ｨｺｨｮｨｰ09ｨｺ06ｨｦ 06ｨ 05ｨ 09ｨｰｨｨ) ｨｨ 7,69% 09 ﾂｨｨｨｰｨ 06ｨｰ, ﾂｨｰ06 ｨｪｨｨｨｺ060001ｨ (ｨｨ ｨ 09ｨｪ ｨｺ ｨｺ08ｨ 07) ｨｹ03ｨｨｨｪ09ｨｰ ｨｪ0102ｨｪｨｰ0609 (71,43%, n=28) 09 ﾂｨｨｨｰｨ 06ｨｰ, ﾂｨｰ06 ｨｬ0209ｨｰｨｪ ｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｨ, ｨｬ, 04ｨｪｨ 06ｨｰ, ﾂｨｰ ｨｺ0605ｨ ｨｰ ｨｺｨｨｨｬ ｨ ｨｪ0702ｨｬ04ｨｬ 09ｨｨ0106ｨｬ, ｨｨ ｨｨ ｨ 04 ﾂｨ ｨｪ0204ｨ ｨｺ06ｨｪｨｪｨ ｨｹｨｺ06 28,57% ｨｮｨｺｨ 04ｨ 05ｨｨ, ﾂｨｰ06 ｨｬｨ 0506 ｨｺｨｰ06 04ｨｪｨ 02ｨｰ 06ｨ 05ｨｰ06ｨｬ ｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｪ06 ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0302 ｨｬｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ02, ﾂｨｰ ｨｨ, ｨｺ06ｨｰ ｨｰ02ｨｪ02ｨｨｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ06 ｨｬ0600ｨｮｨｰ ｨ 04ｨｰｨｹ 04ｨ ｨｬ0203ｨ ｨｪ ｨｰ , 0706 ｨ 0605ｨｹ0306ｨｬｨｮ 09 ﾂ00ｨｰｨｮ, ｨｪｨ 01 05ｨｰｨｨｨｬ ｨｰ06 ｨｪ02 04ｨ 01ｨｮｨｬ0409ｨ 06ｨｰ ｨ ｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 04ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｪ ｨｨ/ ｨｨ05ｨｨ ｨｺｨｮ07ｨｴｨｨｨｺ ｨ 05ｨｰ06ｨｰ ｨｰ0902ｨｰｨｨ05ｨｨ ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ ｨｪ0102ｨｪｨｰ ｨｹ03ｨｨｨｪ09ｨｰ0906 ｨｮｨｺｨ ｨ 06ｨｰ, ﾂｨｰ06 ｨｨｨｬ ｨｨ ｨｰ02ｨｪ ｨｮ ﾂｨ ｨｦ, ｨｺ060001ｨ ｨｪ020905ｨｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｪ06ｨｬｨｮ 06ｨｰ0902ｨｰｨｮ 0708ｨｨ ｨｹ ｨｪｨ 2 ｨｨ ｨｮ ﾂｨ 07, 2 06ｨｰ0902ｨｰｨ ｨC ｨｨ ｨｰｨｪ06 ｨｪ0209ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺ ｨｮ ﾂｨ 0209 ｨｨ 1 ｨC ｨｨ ｨｰｨｪ06 ｨｬｨｪ ｨｰｨ ｨｺｨｨ ｨｮ ﾂｨ ｨｨｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨｰ ｨｰｨ ｨｦ09ｨｺ ｨｺ08ｨ 07 ｨｮｨｰ06 ﾂｨｪ0706ｨｰ, ﾂｨｰ06 03ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｬ020106ｨｰ090608ｨｪ04, ｨｪｨ 08ｨｮ03ｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｨ 0705ｨ ｨｰ07ｨｰ ｨｨ01 ｨｪｨ ｨｬ0209ｨｰ02; 06ｨ 04 ﾂｨｪ06 05ｨｰ06 09ｨｮｨｬｨｬｨ ｨｮｨ. 04ｨ ｨｪ0204ｨ ｨｺ06ｨｪｨｪｨｮ ｨｰｨｮ. 02ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0402 ｨｪｨ ｨｨｨｪ0609ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪｨｪ ｨ 0301ｨ ｨｪ ｨ 06ｨｰ ｨｨ, ｨｺｨ ｨｺ 09 ﾂｨｨｨｰｨ 02ｨｰ ｨｪ0102ｨｪｨｰ, ｨｮｨｰ ｨｺ ｨｺ02 04ｨ ｨ 04 ﾂｨｪ ｨｪｨ ｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｪ02 ｨ 0409ｨ 02ｨｰ (ｨｪ02 09 ﾂｨｨｨｰｨ 07 ｨｺ06ｨｪ00ｨｨ09ｨｺｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ 07ｨｰｨｨ02 ｨｨ 09ｨｪｨ 09ｨｰ02ｨｦ 0708ｨｨ 04ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｨ). 0201ｨｨｨｪ ｨｨ ｨｨｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨｰ ｨｰｨ 07 ｨｪｨ ｨ 02ｨｰ ｨｮ ｨｪ ｨｮ ﾂｨ 06 04ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨ ﾂ09ｨｺ06ｨｬ 08-ｨｪ ｨｨｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨｰｨ ｨｬ 0808ｨ 09ｨｪ ｨｺ ｨｺ08ｨ 07 ｨｨ ｨｰ02ｨｪ 0905ｨｮ ﾂｨ ｨｦ ｨｪｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 03ｨｰ08ｨ 00ｨ 04ｨ ｨｪ0204ｨ ｨｺ06ｨｪｨｪ0602 ｨｪｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨ ｨｪ0406ｨｪ ｨｨｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨｰ ｨｨ ｨｮｨ 05ｨｨｨｺｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨ 02ｨｰ 0905ｨｮ ﾂｨ ｨｦ, ｨｺ060001ｨ ｨｪｨ 08ｨｮ03ｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹ ｨ ｨｮ030100ｨｪ ｨｺ06ｨｬ 05ｨｨ0302ｨｪｨｨ ｨ ｨｨ ｨ ｨｰ07ｨｮｨｴ02ｨｪ 0706 ｨ ｨｬｨｪｨｨ09ｨｰｨｨｨｨ ｨｮｨ 05ｨｨｨｺ02 09ｨ ｨｺｨ 09ｨｨ07 ｨｪｨ ｨ 06ｨｰ 0905ｨｮ ﾂｨ ｨｦ, ｨｺ060001ｨ ｨ 09ｨｪ ｨｺ ｨ 0301ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｪｨ ｨ 0405ｨｨ 0609ｨｮ030102ｨｪ04 ｨｮ ｨｪ ｨｨｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨｰ ｨｺｨｮｨｰ09ｨｺ06ｨｦ 06ｨ 05ｨ 09ｨｰｨｨ ｨｮｨｺｨ ｨ 06ｨｰ, ﾂｨｰ06 06ｨ 04 ﾂｨｪ06 ｨｪｨ 05ｨ 00ｨ 06ｨｰ ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｮｨ. 09 ﾂ ｨｺｨ, ｨｺ060001ｨ ｨｮ01ｨ 00ｨｰ ｨ ｨｪｨ 08ｨｮ03ｨｨｨｰｨｹ 0608ｨｮ01ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪ09ｨ ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ 09ｨ ｨｬｨｨｨｬ ｨｪ0102ｨｪｨｰ06ｨｬ ｨｮ ﾂｨｨ ｨｮ ｨｪ ｨｮ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｪ ｨｰ0902ｨｰ0609 ｨｬ0603ｨｪ06 09ｨｮ01ｨｨｨｰｨｹ ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 06 ｨｰ06ｨｬ, ﾂｨｰ ｨ ｨｮ030100ｨｪｨｪ ｨｨ 04ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｨ ｨ, ｨｺｨ ｨｺ ｨ 01ｨｬｨｨｨｪｨｨ09ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｰｨｨ09ｨｪ0402, ｨｰｨ ｨｺ ｨｨ ｨｮ ｨｪ0402, ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｦｨｪ ｨ ｨ ｨｴｨ 06ｨｰ ｨｬ0603ｨｪ06, 05ｨｰ ｨｨ ｨｨｨｰ 0706ｨｰ06ｨｬｨｮ, ﾂｨｰ06 06ｨｪｨｨ ｨｺ06 04ｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｪ ﾂｨｨ09ｨ 06ｨｰ0907 ｨｪｨ ｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02ｨｬ 04ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0401 ｨC ﾂｨ ｨｴ02 ｨｨ01 06ｨｰ07ｨｮ09ｨｺｨ 06ｨｰ, ｨｪｨ ｨｨ09 ｨｬｨｨｨｪｨｨｨｬｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ04ｨｦ ｨ 01ｨｬｨｨｨｪｨｨ09ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｰｨｨ09ｨｪ04ｨｦ 03ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｰ0902ｨｰｨｨ0903ｨｨ ｨｨｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨｰ ｨｪ02ｨ ｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ06 06ｨｰ040409ｨ 06ｨｰ ｨｰ ｨｰｨｨ03 ｨｪｨ ｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｦ, ｨｺ060001ｨ 06ｨｪｨｨ ｨ 0405ｨｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｪ04, ｨｺ06ｨｰ ｨ ｨｰ01ｨ 0500ｨｪｨｪ06 ｨｪ ｨｺ080409ｨ 06ｨｰ ｨｮ09ｨｨ05ｨｨｨｦ ｨｨｨｪ090702ｨｺｨｰ , 0706ｨｰ08ｨ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｪ0401 ｨｪｨ ｨｺｨ ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02. 08ｨｪｨ 05ｨｨ ｨｮ ﾂｨ ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｪｨ 08ｨｮ03ｨｨｨｰ020502ｨｦ 0708ｨｨ 06ｨｰ ｨｨ05ｨｨ ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪ ｨｰｨｨ080609ｨｺ ｨｺ ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨ 08ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｨｨｪ000608ｨｬｨ 02ｨｨ ｨｮ ﾂｨ ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｦ , 04ｨ ｨｨ09ｨｺ0506 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ02ｨｬ ｨｨｨｪ000608ｨｬｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ ｨｮ ﾂｨ ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 05ｨｨ ｨｮ01ｨｨ07ｨｬｨｨ ｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｦ09ｨｺ06ｨｬ ｨｺ08ｨ 02, ｨｨ 09 06ｨｰ09ｨｮｨｰ09ｨｰ09ｨｨ02ｨｬ 01ｨ ｨｰ ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪ0609ｨｰ02ｨｦ, 0601ｨｪｨ ｨｺ06, 06ｨｪｨ ｨｮ ﾂｨｨｨｰ0409ｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨｹ 0708ｨｨ 06ｨ 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰｨｺ02 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0401 ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪ0609ｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｮ ｨ ｨ ｨｪ ｨｪｨ ｨｨ ｨC ; ｨ 0405ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｦ0102ｨｪｨ ｨｨｨｪ000608ｨｬｨ 02ｨｨ07 ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 06ｨ ｨｮ ﾂｨ 0701 ｨC 05ｨｰ ｨ ｨｪ06, ｨｪ0609ｨｪ06ｨｬ, 09 00ｨｮ09ｨｰｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02ｨｬ03 ｨｨｨｪ000608ｨｬｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ ｨｮ ﾂｨ ｨｨ 04ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨ 0405ｨｨ 06ｨｰ090608ｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪ ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ ｨｬ ｨｨ 08ｨ ｨｦ06ｨｪｨ ｨｬ 09 ｨｮｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02ｨｬ ﾂｨｨ0905ｨ ｨｨ04ｨｲ07ｨｰ ｨｰｨｨ02 09 ｨｰ ｨｮ ﾂｨ 0701, ｨｺ060001ｨ 05ｨｰ06 ｨｨ ｨｰｨｪ06 (ｨｰｨ ｨ 05. 2), ｨ ｨｮ 04ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨ 04ｨｪ ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ 01 (ｨｰｨ ｨ 05. 3), ｨ ｨｬ 09 ｨｮｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02ｨｬ ｨｺ0605ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｰ09ｨ 04ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｪ ｨｰｨｨ02 (ｨｰｨ ｨ 05. 4) ｨｨ ｨｬ ｨ ｨｬ (ｨｰｨ ｨ 05. 5) ｨC ｨｰ ｨｮ ﾂｨ ｨｨ, ｨｺ06ｨｰ ｨｨ ｨｰ02ｨｪ ｨｬ ｨｹ ｨｺ0605ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｰ ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｦ ｨｪｨ 02ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ02ｨｬ ｨｰ06ｨｺ02 (ｨｰｨ ｨ 05. 2) 06ｨｰ08ｨ 03ｨ 02ｨｰ ｨｪｨ 01ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ ｨｰ06 ﾂｨｪ0401 ｨｺ0802 ﾂ02ｨｰ ｨｮ ﾂｨ ｨｨ 04ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｦ ｨｰｨ 02-05ｨ 07ｨｪ09ｨｺ06ｨｬ ｨｨ06ｨｪ02 ｨｮｨｺｨ ｨ 06ｨｰ ｨｪｨ 0708ｨｨ0608ｨｨｨｰ02ｨｰｨｪ ｨｨ06ｨｪ ｨ : 0805ｨｰｨ ｨｦ09ｨｺｨｨｨｦ ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｦ, ｨｮｨ 05ｨｨｨｺｨ 0805ｨｰｨ ｨｦ, ｨｮｨ 05ｨｨｨｺｨ 09ｨ ｨｺｨ 09ｨｨ07, ｨｮｨ 05ｨｨｨｺｨ ｨ ｨｨ ｨｮｨ 05ｨｨｨｺｨ 09ｨｮ0807ｨｰｨｨ ｨｺ0605ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｰ09ｨｮ 04ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｦ 09 ｨｺｨ ｨｬ ｨｨ06ｨｪ02 ｨｬ0603ｨｪ06 09ｨｮ01ｨｨｨｰｨｹ 06ｨ ｨ ｨｺｨｰｨｨ09ｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｺ , ｨｰｨ ｨｺ ｨｨ 0708ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｪ ｨｰ08ｨｮｨｺｨｰｨｮ08, ｨｬ0603ｨｪ06, ｨ ｨｪｨｪ06 ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪｨｪ06 06ｨ ｨ ｨｺｨｰｨｨ09ｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ ｨｪｨｨ01.

36 ｨｪｨ ｨｰ ｨｨｨｴｨｪｨｨｨｺｨｨ ｨｨ ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ 2007, ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｰ ｨｨｨｴｨｪｨｨｨｺ ｨ ｨ ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｰ ｨｮ ﾂｨ ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｦ ｨｨ ﾂｨｨ ｨｨ04ｨｲ07ｨｰ ｨｰｨｨ ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ ｨｬ ｨｨ 08ｨ ｨｦ06ｨｪｨ ｨｬ Table 2. The number of poacher arrests and the number of confiscated birds in the regions and districts ｨｨ06ｨｪ Region ｨｮ ﾂｨ 0209 Number of events ｨｰｨｨ02* Number of birds* total since ｨ ｨｦ06ｨｪ, ｨｬ0209ｨｰ06 Region, place * ｨC 09 09ｨｺ06ｨ ｨｺｨ 01 ｨｮｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｪ06 ﾂｨｨ ｨｮ ﾂｨ 0209, 09 ｨｺ06ｨｰ ｨｨ ｨｰｨｪ06 ｨｺ0605ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｰ ｨｰｨｨ02 / a number of events, when a number of birds was known, is in the brackets ｨｮ ﾂｨ 0209 Number of events ｨｰｨｨ02* Number of birds* 02ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪｨｨｨｦ ｨｰ06ｨｺ (11) 100(9) 09 ｨｰ06ｨｬ ﾂｨｨ090502: / including: Far East 08ｨ ｨｬ ﾂｨ ｨｰｨｺｨ / Kamchatka 7 57 (7) ﾁｨｮｨｺ06ｨｰｨｺｨ / Chukotka 4 37 (2) 00ｨ 00ｨ 01ｨ ｨｪ / Magadan 1 10 (1) ｨ (15) 121(11) 09 ｨｰ06ｨｬ ﾂｨｨ090502: / including: Europe 09ｨ 03ｨｺｨｨ08ｨｨ07 / Bashkiria 1 3 (1) 03ｨｺｨ ｨｰ0208ｨｨｨｪｨ ｨｮ0800 / Ekaterinburg 2 9 (2) ｨｺ09ｨ / Moscow 6 50 (6) 0506 ﾂｨｨ / Sochi 1 16 (1) 0108ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02ｨ 09 07ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｨｨｪ06ｨｦ / Ukraine 2 12 (2) Border 07ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｨｨｪｨ / Ukraine 3 67 (3) ｨｮｨ 05ｨｨｨｺｨ 0805ｨｰｨ ｨｦ 6 31 (4) 28(3) 09 ｨｰ06ｨｬ ﾂｨｨ090502: / including: Altai Republic ｨ ﾂ09ｨｺｨｨｨｦ 08-ｨｪ / Kosh-Agach 5 28 (3) region 0709ｨｰｨｹ-08ｨ ｨｪ09ｨｺｨｨｨｦ 08-ｨｪ / Ust ｯ-Kan region 1 3 (1) 0805ｨｰｨ ｨｦ09ｨｺｨｨｨｦ ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｦ (2) 5(1) 09 ｨｰ06ｨｬ ﾂｨｨ090502: / including: Altai Kray 09ｨ 08ｨｪｨ ｨｮ05 / Barnaul 2 13 (2) ｨｰｨｹ07ｨｺ060909ｨｺｨｨｨｦ 08-ｨｪ / Tretyakovskiy 1 region 0808ｨ 09ｨｪ06ｨｴ02ｨｺ060909ｨｺｨｨｨｦ 08-ｨｪ / 2 Krasnoshekovskiy region 0906ｨｺｨｰ020909ｨｺｨｨｨｦ 08-ｨｪ / Lokevskiy region ｨｨｨ ｨｨ0809ｨｺ 3 50(3) 3(2) Novosibirsk 0808ｨ 09ｨｪ ｨｺ 1 9(1) 9(1) Krasnoyarsk ｨｮｨ 05ｨｨｨｺｨ 09ｨ ｨｺｨ 09ｨｨ (4) 21(4) 09 ｨｰ06ｨｬ ﾂｨｨ090502: / including: Khakasia Republic 08ｨ ｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｪ / Abakan 2 4 (1) 0709ｨｰｨｹ-08ｨ ｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｪ09ｨｺｨｨｨｦ 08-ｨｪ / Ust ｯ-Abakan district 1 1 (1) ｨｮｨ 05ｨｨｨｺｨ ｨ Tuva Republic 1 04ｨ 09ｨｰｨ 09ｨ 00ｨｮ00ｨｮ08-08ｨｺ0904 / Mugur-Aksy frontier post 1 09ｨ ｨｦｨｺｨ 05ｨｹ09ｨｺｨｨｨｦ ｨｨ06ｨｪ 5 20(2) 20(2) 09 ｨｰ06ｨｬ ﾂｨｨ090502: / including: Baikal region 09ｨｮ0807ｨｰｨｨ07 / Buryatia 3 16 (1) 0608ｨｺｨｮｨｰ09ｨｺ / Irkutsk 2 4 (1) 08ｨｨ0800ｨｨ04ｨｨ07 Kirgizia (2) 127(1) 09ｨｨ03ｨｺ02ｨｺ / Bishkek (2) 08ｨｨ00ｨｮ08ｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ ｨｪｨｰ ｨC ｨｨｨ ｨｨ0809ｨｺ, 09ｨ 08ｨｪｨ ｨｮ05, 0808ｨ 09ｨｪ ｨｺ, 0608ｨｺｨｮｨｰ09ｨｺ ｨC ｨｮｨｺｨ ｨ 02ｨｰ, ﾂｨｰ06 ﾂ ｨｪｨｨ01 ｨｨ0100ｨｰ ｨｺ ｨｨ ｨｰｨ 02-05ｨ 07ｨｪ09ｨｺ ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ. 0606, ﾂｨｰ06 ｨｺ0605ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｰ ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｦ 09 ｨｪｨｨ01 ｨｪ0204ｨｪｨ - ﾂｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ06, 0706ｨｺｨ ｨ 02ｨｰ ｨｪｨ ｨｪ ｨｰｨ ｨｰ06 ﾂｨｪｨｮ06 ｨ ｨｺｨｰｨｨ09ｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ 0708ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｪ ｨｰ08ｨｮｨｺｨｰｨｮ08 (09 ｨｰ. ﾂ. 07ｨ ｨｰ08ｨｮ05ｨｹｨｪ ｨｮ03ｨ ) ｨｨ ｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ 06ｨｰ ｨｨ09ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨ ﾂ ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪ04ｨｨｨｰｨｪ ｨ ｨｰｨ 02-05ｨ 07ｨｪ09ｨｺ06ｨｬ ｨｨ06ｨｪ02 ｨ ｨｨ04ｨｲ07ｨｰ ｨｰｨｨ ｨｮ ﾂｨ ｨｨ 05ｨｰ06ｨｬ ｨｦ09ｨｺ06ｨｦ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｨ (09ｨｺ0506 ﾂｨ 07 04ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｪｨ 07ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｨｨｪ02) ｨC ｨｰｨｨ02ｨ ｨｮ ﾂｨ 0701, ｨｪｨ 02ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ02ｨｬ ｨｰ06ｨｺ02 ｨC ｨｰｨｨ 0905ｨｮ ﾂｨ ｨｪ02ｨｬ ｨC 13 07ｨｰｨｨ ｨｰｨ 02-05ｨ 07ｨｪ09ｨｺ ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ, 24 ｨC , 20 ｨC ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ ｨｰ06ｨｺｨ. (09ｨ ｨｦｨｺｨ 05ｨｹ09ｨｺｨｨｨｦ ｨｨ06ｨｪ, ｨｨ 09 ｨｪ ｨｪ04ｨｬｨｨ 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｬｨｨ ｨｮ ﾂｨ ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07, ｨｪｨｺｨｮ ｨｪ02 09ｨｺ0506 ﾂ02ｨｪ.) 04ｨ 04ｨｬ ｨｪ02ｨｦ 07ｨ 08ｨｰｨｨｨｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｰ 6ｨC11 07ｨｰｨｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｺ06, 05ｨｰ06 01ｨ 0502ｨｺ06 ｨｪ ｨｪｨ ｨ 0608ｨｺｨ 0802ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ ｨｮ ﾂｨ ｨ 0906ｨｺ ｨｪｨｺ02 01ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ ｨｰ06 ﾂｨｪ0401 ｨｰｨ ｨｬ060302ｨｪｨｪｨｨｨｺ0609, 06ｨ ｨｲ02ｨｺｨｰ04 ｨｺ06ｨｪｨｰ08ｨ ｨ ｨ ｨｪ ｨｨ ｨｨ0906ｨｦ 0708ｨｨ0806-

37 13Raptors Conservation Raptors Conservation 2007, ｨ ｨｨ09ｨ 06ｨｰ0907 ｨｪ02 ﾂｨ ｨｨ ｨｮ- ﾂｨ ｨｹ04ｨｮ07 05ｨｰｨｮ ｨｪｨｺｨｮ, ｨｬ0603ｨｪ ｨｨｨｰｨｹ, ﾂｨｰ ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ ｨ 0905ｨｨ09ｨ 02ｨｰ ｨｺ ｨｰｨｨ ｨｰｨ 02-05ｨ 07ｨｪ09ｨｺ06ｨｬ ｨｨ06ｨｪ02, 200 ｨC ｨｪｨ 02ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ02ｨｬ ｨｰ06ｨｺ02 ｨｨ 02ｨｴ ｨｰｨｨ02 (10% ｨｺ06ｨｰ ｨ ｨｨ09ｨ 02ｨｰ ) ｨｰ0907 ｨｬ020301ｨｮ ｨｬｨｨ ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0401 ｨｰｨ ｨ 05ｨｨ ｨｨ ｨｰｨ ｨ 05ｨｨ ｨｺｨ ｨ 02ｨｰ, ﾂｨｰ06 ｨ 0605ｨｹ ｨｮ- ﾂｨ ｨ ｨｨ09ｨｰ08ｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪ ｨｰｨ ｨｦ09ｨｺ06ｨｬ ｨｺ08ｨ 02 ｨ 05ｨ ｨ ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰ02 ｨｨｨｪ090702ｨｺ02ｨｨｨｦ ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｰｨｪｨ ｨ ( ｨｮ ﾂｨ 07). 0201ｨｪｨ ｨｺ06, 09 ｨ 0605ｨｹ03ｨｨｨｪ09ｨｰ0902 ｨｨ04 ｨｪｨｨ01 ｨ 0405ｨｨ 04ｨ ｨ ｨｪ04 05ｨｨ02ｨ ｨｮ01ｨｨ07ｨｬｨｨ ｨ, ｨｪ06 ｨ ｨｺ , 05ｨｨｨ 06 ｨｪ02 ｨｮ01ｨ 09ｨ ｨｹ 0106ｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 09ｨｨｨｪｨｮ ｨ ｨｺｨｰｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨ ｨｰｨｨ 0905ｨｮ ﾂｨ ｨｨ ｨｪ02 ｨ 0405ｨｨ ｨｪ ｨｮ01ｨ ｨC ｨｨ 0302 ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02, ｨｰ06 04ｨ ｨｪ0204ｨ ｨｺ06ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ 06ｨｰ ｨｮｨ 02ｨｦ ｨｨ ｨｪｨ 08ｨｮ0302ｨｪｨｨ ｨ 09ｨｨ ｨｰ04 09 ｨ 01ｨｬｨｨｨｪｨｨ09ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｰｨｨ09ｨｪ04ｨｬ 03ｨｰ08ｨ 0006ｨｬ ｨｮｨ. 0308ｨｨ 05ｨｰ06ｨｬ ｨｨｨｪ000608ｨｬｨ 02ｨｨ07 06ｨ 05ｨｰｨｨ ｨｮ ﾂｨ 0701, ｨｺｨ ｨｺ 0708ｨ 09ｨｨ0506, ｨｪ ｨｴｨ 05ｨ 09ｨｹ ｨｨ ｨｪ02 ｨｨｨｬ0205ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｺｨ ｨｺ ｨ ｨｴ0209ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ ｨｪｨ ｨｪ09ｨ. 08ｨｪｨ ｨｨ ﾂｨｪｨ 07 09ｨｨｨｰｨｮｨ 02ｨｨ07 ｨｪｨ ｨ ｨ 02ｨｰ ｨ ｨｺｨ 09ｨｨｨｨ ｨC ｨｨ04 12-ｨｰｨｨ 04ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｦ 11 ｨC 04ｨ 0905ｨｮ00ｨ ｨｨｨｪ090702ｨｺｨｰ ｨｰｨｪｨ ｨ ｨｮ06ｨｴｨｨｨｬ 0706 ｨｺ0605ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｰ09ｨｮ 04ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｦ ｨｰ ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 09 ｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｨ ｨｬ0502ｨｪｨｨｨｨ 0802ｨｦ ｨｨ ｨ 01ｨｺ ｨ ｨｬ060500ｨｰ04, ｨｺ06ｨｰ ｨｨｨｬ0206ｨｰ 09ｨ ｨｬｨｮ06 03ｨｨ0806ｨｺｨｮ ｨ 00ｨｨ06: 05ｨｰ ｨ ｨｺｨｰｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨ ｨ ｨｨ09ｨｰ08ｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｪ ｨｮ ﾂｨ ｨｨ 04ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ (000609ｨｺ09ｨ, 03ｨｺｨ ｨｰ0208ｨｨｨｪｨ ｨｮ0800, 0506 ﾂｨｨ, 07ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｨｨｪｨ ) ｨｨ ｨｺ08ｨｮ07ｨｪ ｨ 01 05ｨｨｨ ｨｨ08ｨｨ ｨC ｨｮ ﾂｨ 07 04ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｨｨ ｨｨ0809ｨｺ02, 1 ｨC 09 09ｨ 08ｨｪｨ ｨｮ0502, 1 ｨC ｨｺｨｮｨｰ09ｨｺ02. 09ｨｨ01ｨｨ08ｨｮ06ｨｰ 04ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｪｨ 02ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ02ｨｬ ｨｰ06ｨｺ02 ｨｨ ｨｺ ｨｰｨｬ02 ﾂｨ 02ｨｰ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｹ ｨｪｨｨ04ｨｺｨｨｨｦ 0706ｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹ 04ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｦ ｨ 01: 1 ｨC 09 09ｨ 08ｨｪｨ ｨｮ0502 ｨｨ 2 ｨC 0708ｨｨ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨｨｨ 0008ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｨｨｪ06ｨｦ, ｨｺ06ｨｦ 06ｨ 05ｨ 09ｨｰｨｨ. 0201ｨｪｨ ｨｺ06 05ｨｰｨｨ 04ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｰ ｨｪ06 ｨｮｨｺｨ ｨ 06ｨｰ ｨｪｨ ｨｮ050708ｨｪ04ｨｦ ｨｺｨ ｨｪｨ ｨ 09ｨｨｨ ｨｨ0809ｨｺｨｨ01 07ｨｰｨｨ02 ﾂ ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｨｨｪｨｮ ｨｮ ﾂｨ 07 04ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｨ ｨｨ ｨｪｨ ｨ 09ｨｰ06ｨｬ06ｨ ｨｨ05ｨｹｨｪ0401 ｨｰ08ｨ 0909ｨ ｨｮｨ 05ｨｨｨｺ ｨｰｨ ｨｦ ｨｨ ｨｺ0906ｨｦ. 06ｨ ｨｺ ｨｮ ﾂｨ 07 04ｨ 00ｨｨｨｺ09ｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪ04 ｨｪｨ 0008ｨ ｨｪｨｨ0202, 0601ｨｨｨｪ ｨｨ04 ｨｺ06ｨｰ (09ｨｮ0807ｨｰｨｨ07) ｨ ｨ ｨｪ 0708ｨｨ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｰｨ ｨｬ060302ｨｪｨｪ ｨｰｨ ｨｪｨ ｨ 09ｨｰ06ｨｬ06ｨ ｨｨ05ｨｹｨｪ06ｨｬ ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪ ｨｰ02 ｨｨ 0108ｨｮ0006ｨｦ (010608ｨｪ04ｨｦ 0805ｨｰｨ ｨｦ) ｨC ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ﾂｨｪ06ｨｦ 0905ｨｮ03ｨ 06ｨｦ, 0708ｨｨ 04ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｨ ｨｪｨ - 06ｨ ｨ ｨｺｨ 0905ｨｮ ﾂｨ ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨ 04ｨｪ ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ 01, 08ｨ ｨｪ03ｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｪｨ ｨｬ0209ｨｰｨｮ ｨｨ 01ｨ 08ｨ ｨｺｨｰ0208ｨｮ 04ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 Table 3. Summary of events of arrests in different regions ranked on a place ｨｰ06 04ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 Places of arrest ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｰ ｨｮ ﾂｨ 0209 Number of events ｨｨ06ｨｪ Region ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｰ ｨｮ ﾂｨ 0209 Number of events ｨｨ / Nature ｨｰｨ ｨｦ09ｨｺｨｨｨｦ ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｦ / Altai Kray 42 09ｨ ｨｺｨ 09ｨｨ07 / Republic of Khakasia ｨｮｨ 05ｨｨｨｺｨ 0805ｨｰｨ ｨｦ / Altai Republic 4 09ｨｮ0807ｨｰｨｨ07 / Republic of Buryatia ｨｺｨｮｨｰ09ｨｺ / Irkutsk ｨ 09ｨｪ ｨｺ / Krasnoyarsk ｨ / Tyva ｨｰ / Airport 27 02ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪｨｨｨｦ ｨｰ06ｨｺ / Far East ｨｺ09ｨ / Moscow 5 03ｨｺｨ ｨｰ0208ｨｨｨｪｨ ｨｮ0800 / Ekaterinburg ｨｨｨ ｨｨ0809ｨｺ / Novosibirsk 3 09ｨ 08ｨｪｨ ｨｮ05 / Barnaul ｨｺｨｮｨｰ09ｨｺ / Irkutsk ﾂｨｨ / Sochi 1 07ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｨｨｪｨ / Ukraine 2 09ｨ ｨｺｨ 09ｨｨ07 / Republic of Khakasia ｨｪ ｨｨ07 / Middle Asia / Train 3 09ｨ 08ｨｪｨ ｨｮ05 / Barnaul ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02ｨ 09 07ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｨｨｪ06ｨｦ / Ukraine Border / Highway ｨｮｨ 05ｨｨｨｺｨ 0805ｨｰｨ ｨｦ / Altai Republic ｨｺ09ｨ / Moscow ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02ｨ / State border ｨｮｨ 05ｨｨｨｺｨ 0805ｨｰｨ ｨｦ / Altai Republic 1 09ｨｮ0807ｨｰｨｨ07 / Republic of Buryatia ｨｨｨ ｨ ｨ 04ｨ / Air base ｨｪ ｨｨ07 / Middle Asia ｨ ｨｪ02 ｨｨ ｨｰ02ｨｪ / 5 02ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪｨｨｨｦ ｨｰ06ｨｺ / Far East 3 Unknown 09ｨ 03ｨｺｨｨ08ｨｨ07 / Republic of Bashkiria 1 07ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｨｨｪｨ / Ukraine 1

38 ｨｪｨ ｨｰ ｨｨｨｴｨｪｨｨｨｺｨｨ ｨｨ ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ 2007, ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｰ ｨｨｨｴｨｪｨｨｨｺ ｨｮ03ｨｨｨｰ ｨｮ01ｨ 0809ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ06ｨｦ 0008ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨ ｨｺ0302 ｨｨｨｬ0202ｨｰ0907 ｨｨｨｪ000608ｨｬｨ 02ｨｨ ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｪｨ ｨ ｨｪ04ｨ 09ｨｰｨ 09ｨ 01, ｨｺ060001ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ﾂｨｪｨｨｨｺｨｨ ｨｨｨｪ000608ｨｬｨ 02ｨｨ06 06ｨ ｨｨｨｪ02ｨｨ0102ｨｪｨｰ02 ｨｪｨｨｨｺｨｮ01ｨ ｨｪ ｨ ｨｴｨ 05ｨｨ, ｨ 07ｨｰｨｨ ｨｮ09ｨｺｨ 05ｨｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｬ0209ｨｰ ｨｨ 08ｨ 0909ｨｬｨ ｨｰ08ｨｨ09ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 0904ｨ 0608ｨｺｨｮ ｨ ｨｬ (ｨｰｨ ｨ 05. 4), ｨｪｨ ｨ ｨ 02ｨｰ ｨｺｨｨｨｦ 0907ｨ 01 ﾂｨｨ0905ｨ 04ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｦ (5 0905ｨｮ ﾂｨ ) ｨｨ 09ｨｪ0609ｨ ｨｲ00ｨｬ ｨC ｨｰ06ｨｰ 0907ｨ ｨｮｨｺｨ ｨ 06ｨｰ ｨｰｨ ｨｺ ｨｨｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨｰ04 ｨC 06ｨｪｨｨ ｨ 06ｨｰ ｨｰ020808ｨ ｨｺｨｰ06ｨｬ ｨｪｨｰ07ｨ 0807 ｨｨ 0906ｨｦｨｪｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ02 ｨｨ 0608ｨ ｨｺ ｨｬ ｨｪ02 ｨｬ02ｨｪ0202, 09 05ｨｨｨ ｨｨ08ｨｨ ｨｨｨｺｨ (8 0905ｨｮ ﾂｨ 0209) ｨｨ0100ｨｰ ｨｰ020702ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ 0907ｨ ｨｮ ﾂｨ ｨｪ06 05ｨｨ ｨｪｨ 05ｨｰｨｨ01 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨ 0102ｨｪｨｨｨｨ ｨ ｨｰｨ 02-05ｨ 07ｨｪｨ 01? 02ｨ ｨｴｨｨｨｦ ｨｲ00ｨｬ 04ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｦ ｨC ｨｨ ｨｨｨｰ 04ｨ 09 ﾂ00ｨｰ 02ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ ｨｰ06ｨｺｨ. 0507ｨ 01 ｨｮ080609ｨｪ07 09ｨｨｨ ｨｨ0809ｨｺｨｨ01 04ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｦ ｨｨ ｨｮ090205ｨｨ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｨ01 ｨｺ0605ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｰ09ｨ ｨｪｨ 02ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ02ｨｬ ｨｰ06ｨｺ02 06ｨｰ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｨ ｨｮｨｺｨ ｨ 02ｨｰ ｨｪｨ ｨｮ090205ｨｨ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｺ0802- ﾂ02ｨｰｨ, 06ｨｰ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｨ ｨC ｨｪｨ 0907ｨ 01 ｨ ｨｺｨｰｨｨ09ｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ 0708ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｪ ｨｰ08ｨｮｨｺｨｰｨｮ ｨｨｨ ｨｨ08ｨｨ ｨｪ ｨ ｨ ｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｦ ｨ ｨｬ 09 08ｨ 04ｨｪ ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ ｨｮｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02ｨｬ ｨｺ0605ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｰ09ｨ 04ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｪ ｨｰｨｨ02 ( ｨｰ ｨｮ ﾂｨ 0209, ｨｺ060001ｨ 05ｨｰ06 ｨｨ ｨｰｨｪ06) Table 4. Summary of arrests on years in different regions with confiscated bird numbers (for that events, when it was known) Year ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｰ ｨｮ ﾂｨ 0209 Number of events ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｰ ｨｰｨｨ02 * Number of birds * ｨｨ06ｨｪ (ｨｺ ｨｮ ﾂｨ 0209) Region (number of events) 04ｨ ｨｦ06ｨｪ, ｨｬ0209ｨｰ06 Region, place * ｨC 09 09ｨｺ06ｨ ｨｺｨ 01 ｨｮｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｪ06 ﾂｨｨ ｨｮ ﾂｨ 0209, 09 ｨｺ06ｨｰ ｨｨ ｨｰｨｪ06 ｨｺ0605ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｰ ｨｰｨｨ02 / a number of events, when a number of birds was known, is in the brackets ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｰ ｨｰｨｨ02* Number of birds * (2) 05ｨｨｨ ｨｨ08ｨｹ / Siberia 0408 / Altai Republic 3 (2) (1) 05ｨｨｨ ｨｨ08ｨｹ (1) / Siberia (1) ｨｨｨ ｨｨ0809ｨｺ / Novosibirsk 43 (1) (3) 0200 / Far East 08ｨ ｨｬ ﾂｨ ｨｰｨｺｨ / Kamchatka 7 (2) ｨ / Europe 0506 ﾂｨｨ / Sochi 16 (1) (4) ｨ / Europe 20 (3) 05ｨｨｨ ｨｨ08ｨｹ (1) / Siberia (1) 09ｨ 08ｨｪｨ ｨｮ05 / Barnaul 8 (1) ｨｨ07 / Middle Asia 09ｨｨ03ｨｺ02ｨｺ / Bishkek 3 (1) (6) ｨ / Europe 6 (2) 0200 / Far East 3 (2) 05ｨｨｨ ｨｨ08ｨｹ (7) / Siberia (7) 0408 / Altai Republic 8 (1) ｨｨｨ ｨｨ0809ｨｺ / Novosibirsk 1 (1) 09ｨ ｨｺｨ 09ｨｨ07 / Republic of Khakasia 4 (5) (6) 0200 / Far East 08ｨｪｨ ｨｹ / Anadyr ｨ / Europe ｨｺ09ｨ / Moscow 23 (2) 05ｨｨｨ ｨｨ08ｨｹ (6) / Siberia (6) 09ｨｮ0807ｨｰｨｨ07 / Republic of Buryatia ｨ 09ｨｪ ｨｺ / Krasnoyarsk 9 (1) ｨｨｨ ｨｨ0809ｨｺ / Novosibirsk 2 (1) 09ｨ ｨｺｨ 09ｨｨ07 / Republic of Khakasia 16 (3) (7) 0200 / Far East 08ｨ ｨｬ ﾂｨ ｨｰｨｺｨ / Kamchatka 15 (1) ｨ / Europe 07ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｨｨｪｨ / Ukraine 21 (3) 05ｨｨｨ ｨｨ08ｨｹ (8) / Siberia (8) 0408 / Altai Republic 1 09ｨ ｨｺｨ 09ｨｨ07 / Republic of Khakasia 1 (3) ｨ / Republic of Tyva 1 09ｨｮ0807ｨｰｨｨ07 / Republic of Buryatia 16 (2) 0608ｨｺｨｮｨｰ09ｨｺ / Irkutsk 4 (1) (2) ｨ / Europe 8 (1) 05ｨｨｨ ｨｨ08ｨｹ (4) / Siberia (4) 0808 / Altai Kray 5 (4) (6) ｨ / Europe 07ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｨｨｪｨ / Ukraine 12 (1) 0200 / Far East 51 (3) 05ｨｨｨ ｨｨ08ｨｹ (3) / Siberia (3) 0808 / Altai Kray / Altai Republic 1 (1) 09ｨ ｨｺｨ 09ｨｨ07 / Republic of Khakasia ｨｨ07 / Middle Asia 09ｨｨ03ｨｺ02ｨｺ / Bishkek 127 (1) (3) ｨ / Europe 51 (2) 0200 / Far East 31 (4) 05ｨｨｨ ｨｨ08ｨｹ (1) / Siberia (1) 0408 / Altai Republic 19 (1)

39 13Raptors Conservation Raptors Conservation 2007, ｨ ｨ ｨｺｨ 0905ｨｮ ﾂｨ ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｦ 0706 ｨｬ ｨ ｨｬ 09 08ｨ 04ｨｪ ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ 01 Table 5. Summary of arrests on months in different regions Month ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｰ ｨｮ ﾂｨ 0209 Number of events ｨｨ06ｨｪ Region 04ｨ ｨｦ06ｨｪ Areal, place ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｰ ｨｮ ﾂｨ 0209 Number of events ｨｹ / July 1 05ｨｨｨ ｨｨ08ｨｹ / Siberia 09ｨ ｨｺｨ 09ｨｨ07 / Republic of 1 Khakasia ｨｮ09ｨｰ / / Far East ﾁｨｮｨｺ06ｨｰｨｺｨ / Chukotka 1 August ｨ / Europe 2 05ｨｨｨ ｨｨ08ｨｹ / Siberia 0408 / Altai Republic 3 09ｨ ｨｺｨ 09ｨｨ07 / Republic of 5 Khakasia 0502ｨｪｨｰ07ｨ 08ｨｹ / ｨ / Europe 4 September 05ｨｨｨ ｨｨ08ｨｹ / Siberia 0408 / Altai Republic / Altai Kray ｨｨｨ ｨｨ0809ｨｺ / Novosibirsk 1 09ｨ ｨｺｨ 09ｨｨ07 / Republic of 1 Khakasia 02ｨｺｨｰ07ｨ 08ｨｹ / / Far East 2 October ｨ / Europe 3 05ｨｨｨ ｨｨ08ｨｹ / Siberia 0808ｨ 09ｨｪ ｨｺ / Krasnoyarsk 1 09ｨ ｨｺｨ 09ｨｨ07 / Republic of 1 Khakasia 09ｨｮ0807ｨｰｨｨ07 / Republic of Buryatia ｨｨ07 / Middle Asia 09ｨｨ03ｨｺ02ｨｺ / Bishkek ｨ 08ｨｹ / / Far East 4 November ｨ / Europe 2 05ｨｨｨ ｨｨ08ｨｹ / Siberia 0408 / Altai Republic ｨｺｨｮｨｰ09ｨｺ / Irkutsk ｨｨ07 / Middle Asia 09ｨｨ03ｨｺ02ｨｺ / Bishkek ｨｺｨ ｨ 08ｨｹ / / Far East 08ｨ ｨｬ ﾂｨ ｨｰｨｺｨ / Kamchatka 3 December ｨ / Europe 3 05ｨｨｨ ｨｨ08ｨｹ / Siberia ｨｨｨ ｨｨ0809ｨｺ / Novosibirsk 1 08ｨｪ09ｨ 08ｨｹ / 1 05ｨｨｨ ｨｨ08ｨｹ / Siberia 0808 / Altai Kray 1 January ｨ 05ｨｹ / ｨ / Europe ｨｺ09ｨ / Moscow 1 February 05ｨｨｨ ｨｨ08ｨｹ / Siberia 0808 / Altai Kray ｨｨｨ ｨｨ0809ｨｺ / Novosibirsk ｨｰ ｨ 02ｨｰ ｨ ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｬｨｨ ｨｨｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨｰ0609: ｨｰｨ ｨｦ09ｨｺ06ｨｬ ｨｺ08ｨ ﾂ ｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｰ08ｨｮｨｺｨｰｨｮ08ｨｨ04ｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ ｨｰｨｪｨ ｨ ｨｮｨｺ ｨｰ ｨｰｨｪ0609ｨｨｨｰ0907 ｨｺ ｨ 0502ｨｬ ｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｺ ｨｺ ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｮ03ｨｪ06ｨｦ 06ｨ ｨｮ ｨｮｨ 05ｨｨｨｺ02 09ｨ ｨｺｨ 09ｨｨ ｨ 07ｨｪ09ｨｺｨｨｨｦ 0906ｨｺ ｨ ｨｺｨｰｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨ ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｰｨｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ ｨｨ 09 06ｨｰ09ｨｮｨｰ09ｨｰ09ｨｨ02ｨｬ 00ｨｨｨｪｨ ｨｪ09ｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07, 0108ｨｮ00ｨｨ ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｪ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ04ｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ ｨｪｨｨ ﾂ02ｨｬ ｨｪ02 09ｨｰｨｨｨｬｨｮ05ｨｨ08ｨｮ06ｨｰ0907 ｨｪｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨ ｨｪｨｰｨｨｨ 08ｨ ｨｺ06ｨｪｨｹ020809ｨｺ06ｨｦ ｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ ｨｮｨ 05ｨｨｨｺ ｨｰｨ ｨｦ 04ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ 09 ｨ 0900ｨｮ09ｨｰ ｨｪｨ 08ｨｮ03ｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹ 06ｨｰ07ｨｮｨｴ02ｨｪ ｨｪｨ ｨ 0601ｨｮ ｨC ｨ ｨｺ0804ｨｰ ｨｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ04ｨｬ 08ｨ 09ｨｺｨ 07ｨｪｨｨ02ｨｬ ｨｮ01ｨｨｨｬ ｨC ﾂｨｰ06 ｨｮｨｺｨ ｨ 02ｨｰ ｨｪｨ ｨｺ060808ｨｮｨｬ07ｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ ｨｬ0209ｨｰｨｪ ｨｮ01ｨ 0809ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ ｨ ｨｪ0609 ｨｨ 06ｨｰ09ｨｮｨｰ09ｨｰ09ｨｨ02 ｨｺ06ｨｪｨｰ ｨ ｨｬ ｨｰ060806ｨｪ04 ｨｰｨ ｨｬ0603ｨｪｨｨ ｨｨ ｨｪｨ 05ｨｨ04 04ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｦ 0706 ｨｬ ｨ ｨｬ (ｨｰｨ ｨ 05. 5) 0706ｨｺｨ ｨ 02ｨｰ, ﾂｨｰ06 09 ｨｬｨ 08ｨｰｨ 0706 ｨｨ0605ｨｹ 04ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｰ06 06ｨｰ09ｨｮｨｰ09ｨｰ09ｨｮ06ｨｰ, 07ｨｨｨｺ ｨｪｨ ﾂｨｨｨｪｨ 02ｨｰ ｨ 0900ｨｮ09ｨｰ02 ｨｨ ｨｨｨｰ ｨｺｨ ｨ ｨｪ09ｨ 0809ｨｺｨｨ02 ｨｨ ｨ 05ｨｹ09ｨｺｨｨ ｨｮ ﾂｨ ｨｨ ｨC ｨ 08ｨｪｨ ｨｮ05 ｨC ｨｺ09ｨ, ｨｮ ﾂｨ ｨｨｨ ｨｨ0809ｨｺ06ｨｬ ｨ ｨｰｨｮ ｨｨ ｨ ｨ 00ｨ 03, ｨｨｨ ｨｺ ｨ 0903ｨｨｨｦ ｨｬｨ ｨｪｨｨ06 ｨC ｨ 0405ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪ04, 09ｨｺ , 09 ｨｪ ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ06 07ｨｨｨｰ06ｨｬｨｪｨｨｨｺ0609 ｨｨ/ ｨｨ05ｨｨ 04ｨ ｨ 0506ｨｦ 07ｨ 08ｨｰｨｨ02ｨｦ 01ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ ｨｰ06 ﾂｨｪ0401 ｨｺ0802 ﾂ02ｨｰ0609; ｨｨ04ｨｲ07ｨｰｨｨ ｨｺ0605ｨ 09 09ｨ ｨｺｨ 09ｨｨｨｨ, ｨ ｨｴ ｨｪ , ｨｪ ｨｰ ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｬ ｨｨｨｨ ｨｨ ｨｹｨｪ ｨｮ01ｨ 0809ｨｰ09ｨ 01 ｨｪｨ ﾂｨｨｨｪｨ 02ｨｰ 08ｨ 0409ｨｨ09ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｪｨｮｨｰ0802ｨｪｨｪｨｨｨｦ 0804ｨｪ06ｨｺ 0906ｨｺ , ｨ ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ ｨｮ050708ｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ06 05ｨｰｨｨ01 07ｨｰｨｨ ｨｨ 0506ｨ ｨｨｨｰ020502ｨｦ, 09 ｨｺ06ｨｰ060806ｨｬ ｨｪｨ ｨｪ0703ｨｪｨｨｨｦ 0102ｨｪｨｹ ｨｪ ｨｰ ｨｪｨｨ02, ｨ ｨｪｨ 06ｨ ｨｰ, ｨｺ ｨ 0409ｨｨ09ｨ 06ｨｰ ｨｪｨｮｨｰ08ｨｨ 09ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪ04.

40 ｨｪｨ ｨｰ ｨｨｨｴｨｪｨｨｨｺｨｨ ｨｨ ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ 2007, ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｰ ｨｨｨｴｨｪｨｨｨｺ ｨｮ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｪ ｨｰ0902ｨｰ04 ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｦ ｨｨ080601ｨｪｨ ｨ ｨｬ ｨｮｨｺｨ ｨ 06ｨｰ ｨｪｨ ｨｰ06, ﾂｨｰ06 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ ｨｰ08ｨｮｨｺｨｰｨｮ0804, ｨｺｨ ｨｺ ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ0402, ｨｰｨ ｨｺ ｨｨ ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ0602, ｨｪ02 06ｨｰ ｨｨ09ｨ 06ｨｰ 06ｨ ｨｰ 01ｨｨｨｴｨｪ ｨｰｨｨ02, 09ｨｺ0506 ﾂ00ｨｪｨｪ ｨ 09ｨｪｨｮ06 ｨｺｨｪｨｨ00ｨｮ 0408 ｨｨ 0308ｨｨ ｨｪｨｨ , ｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｺ ｨｰ0607ｨｪｨｨ ｨ 0502ｨｬ06ｨｦ ｨｨ01 ｨｪ ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ ｨ ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ04ｨｦ 06ｨｰ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07ｨｬ ｨｰｨ 02-05ｨ 07ｨｪ09ｨｺ06ｨｬ ｨｨ06ｨｪ ｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ06 06ｨｰ09ｨｮｨｰ09ｨｰ09ｨｮ02ｨｰ ｨｮ0302 ｨｬｨｪ ｨｰ. 04ｨ ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｪ ｨｮ ﾂｨ ｨｨ 04ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｪｨ 08ｨｮ03ｨｨｨｰ020502ｨｦ ｨｪ02 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨ ｨｰｨｨ04ｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪ04 ｨｨ ｨｪ02 ｨｨ ｨｹ04ｨｮ06ｨｰ ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰ ｨ ｨｰｨｨ09ｨｪ ｨｮ03ｨ. 0209ｨｪ0609ｨｪ ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｨ06ｨｪ ｨｪｨｨ ｨ 0405ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪ04 ｨｨｨｪ090702ｨｺｨｰ0608ｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨｰｨｪｨ ｨ, 0601ｨｪｨ ｨｺ ｨｰｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ ｨｪ ｨｨｨｰ 09 ｨｨ01 ｨｺ06ｨｬ0702ｨｰ02ｨｪ02ｨｨ ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ04ｨｦ 05ｨｺ ｨｰ ｨｨ06ｨｪ ｨ 09ｨｰｨ 05 ｨC 06ｨｰ ｨｰｨｨ ｨｪ ｨ ｨ ﾂ02ｨｪ, ｨｪ0609ｨｪ06ｨｬ, ｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ06 ｨｨ ｨｰｨｪ ｨｨｨｰ06ｨｬｨｪｨｨｨｺ0609, ｨｨ ｨｨｨｰ06ｨｬｨｪｨｨｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｦ 08ｨ 05ｨｹｨｺ06ｨｪ ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ06ｨｬ 05ｨｺ ｨｰ02 04ｨｪｨ ﾂｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪｨ ｨｨｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨｰ04 ｨｨ04 08ｨ 04ｨｪ0401 ﾂｨ 09ｨｰ02ｨｦ ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ 06ｨｰｨｬ02 ﾂｨ 06ｨｰ 09ｨｪｨｨ0302ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｪ ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ ｨ 04ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｰ ｨｨ ｨ 05ｨｰ ｨｪｨｨ ｨ ｨｺ ｨｨ ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｦｨｪ ｨｺ060006, 0601ｨｪｨ ｨｺ06, ｨｪ0202 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ ｨ 04ｨｰｨｹ ｨ ｨｪ ｨｰ09ｨｮｨｰ09ｨｰ09ｨｨ02ｨｬ ｨｰ ｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｨｨｪ000608ｨｬｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ ｨｪ0609ｨｪ06ｨｦ 09ｨｨ01, ｨｺ06ｨｰ060804ｨｦ 06ｨｰ05ｨ 0905ｨｨ09ｨ 02ｨｰ ｨｬ ｨｨ06ｨｪ02 ｨC ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪ; 04ｨｪｨ ﾂｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ06 ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｹ ｨｪｨｨｨｰ ｨ 0709ｨ ｨｪ, ｨｺ0802 ﾂ02ｨｰ ｨC ｨｺｨｨｨｦ 06ｨｰ05ｨ 0905ｨｨ09ｨ 02ｨｬ04ｨｦ 09ｨｨ01, ﾂｨｰ ｨ ｨｪ06 09 ｨ 0605ｨｹ0302ｨｦ 09ｨｰ020702ｨｪｨｨ 09 ｨｰ02ｨｬ, ﾂｨｰ06 06ｨｪ ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 ｨｬｨｨ0008ｨｨ08ｨｮ02ｨｰ ｨｨ06ｨｪ ｨｪ04ｨｦ ｨｪ ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ04ｨｦ 06ｨｰ ｨｺ ｨｨ06ｨｪ ｨｰｨ ｨｰ 06ｨｺ ｨｰｨｨ02 (06ｨｺ ｨｰｨｪｨｨ ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪ0609, ｨｪ0209ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺ ｨｰｨｺ ｨ 0709ｨ ｨｪ0609 ｨｨ 20ｨC30 ｨｺ0802 ﾂ02ｨｰ0609) ｨｪ06 ﾂｨｪ ｨｺ ｨｺ0605ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｰ ｨｮ ｨｬｨ ｨｺ ｨｨ06ｨｪ ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｰｨｨ050609ｨｹ 0708ｨｨｨｬ0208ｨｪ ｨC ｨｮ ｨC ｨ ｨｺ06ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｬ ｨｬ ｨｨ06ｨｪ02 04ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｬｨ 06ｨｰ ｨｨ020403ｨｨ , 0607ｨｨ08ｨ 06ｨｴｨｨ ｨｪｨ 0706ｨｬ06ｨｴｨｹ ｨｬ0209ｨｰｨｪ ｨｨｨｰ020502ｨｦ. 0209ｨｪ0609ｨｪｨ 07 ｨｬｨ 0909ｨ ｨC ｨｰｨ 09ｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｨ ｨ 08ｨ ｨ 09ｨｺｨｨ01 09ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪ, 08ｨ 09ｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｨ ｨｪ02ｨｦ 0804ｨｨｨｨ ｨｮ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰ09ｨｮ06ｨｰ ｨｰｨ ｨｺ ｨｰｨｮ0102ｨｪｨｰ04-ｨｨｨｪ0609ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪ ｨ 09ｨｪ ｨｺｨ ｨｨ 09ｨ 08ｨｪｨ ｨｮ05ｨ ｨｨ ｨｮ ﾂｨｨ0903ｨｨ ｨ 0301ｨ ｨｪ09ｨｰ ｨｨ04 05ｨｨ08ｨｨｨｨ ｨｨ 09ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪ ｨｪ02ｨｦ 0804ｨｨｨｨ ｨｨ 08ｨ 09ｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｰｨ 02-05ｨ 07ｨｪ09ｨｺ06ｨｬ ｨｨ06ｨｪ02 ｨｪｨ ｨ ｨ 02ｨｰ0907 ｨｪｨ ｨｦ ｨｪ06-09ｨｰ0207ｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｰ020808ｨｨｨｰ0608ｨｨｨｨ, ｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｺ ｨｪ ｨｰ ｨｰｨ ｨ 02ｨｪｨｪ ｨｰ ｨ ﾂ09ｨｺｨｨｨｦ 08ｨ ｨｦ06ｨｪ ｨｮｨ 05ｨｨｨｺｨｨ 0805ｨｰｨ ｨｦ, 00ｨｨｨｪｨｮ09ｨｨｨｪ09ｨｺｨ 07 ｨｺ06ｨｰ050609ｨｨｨｪｨ ｨｮｨ 05ｨｨｨｺｨｨ 09ｨ ｨｺｨ 09ｨｨ07 ｨｨ ｨｪ ｨ ｨｦ06ｨｪ ｨｰｨ ｨｦ09ｨｺ ｨｺ08ｨ ｨ ｨｨｨ ｨ ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪ00ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ ｨｬ02ｨｰ ｨｨ ｨC ｨｪｨ ｨｮｨ ｨｰ0507ｨｬｨｨ ｨｨ ｨｨ ｨｹ04ｨｮ06ｨｰ ｨｨｨｬｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ06 ｨ 09ｨｰ06ｨｬ06ｨ ｨｨ05ｨｨ ｨｪｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｨｨｬ0609ｨｰｨｨ. 0506ｨｺ0605ｨ ｨｨ09ｨ 06ｨｰ ｨ ｨｨ ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ ｨｪｨ 09ｨｰ0607ｨｪｨｺｨ 01 ｨｨ ｨｬｨ 01 09ｨｺ06ｨｰ , ｨｺ06ｨｰ ｨｨ06ｨｪ02 ｨｬｨｪ ｨｰ0906 ｨｨ ｨｺ06ｨｰ ｨｮ050708ｨｪ06 ｨｬ02ｨｪ0706ｨｰ ｨ 0906ｨｺ ｨｨ ｨｨ06ｨｪ ｨ ｨｨ ｨｹ04ｨｮ02ｨｰ ｨｨ ﾂｨｪ04ｨｦ ｨ 09ｨｰ06ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪ ｨｰ, 05ｨｨｨ ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ ｨｰ0907 ﾂ ｨ ｨｰ ｨｦ ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪ. 0806ｨｰ ｨ 0807ｨｺｨｨｨｪｨ The juvenile of the Saker Falcon. Photo by I. Karyakin ｨ ｨｴ ｨｰ0607ｨｪｨｨ02 ﾂｨｨ090502ｨｪｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ ｨｮ050702ｨｨｨｦ 09 ｨｬｨ ｨｺ ｨｨ06ｨｪ02 ｨｬ0603ｨｪ ｨｪｨｨｨｰｨｹ ｨｺｨ ｨｺ 09ｨｰｨ ｨ ｨｨ05ｨｹｨｪ0602 ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ ｨ 0709ｨ ｨｪｨ, ｨ ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｨ ｨｺ0802 ﾂ02ｨｰｨ 06ｨｪｨ ｨ 02ｨｰ ｨｮｨｬ02ｨｪｨｹ03ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｺ06ｨｰ0608ｨ 07 09ｨｰｨ ｨ ｨｨ05ｨｨ04ｨ 02ｨｨ07 ﾂｨｨ090502ｨｪｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ 06ｨｰｨｬ02 ﾂｨ 02ｨｰ ｨｮ050702ｨｨｨｦ ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ 09 09ｨ ｨｺｨ 09ｨｨｨｨ ｨｨ ｨｪｨ ｨ 09ｨｪ ｨｺ ｨｺ08ｨ 07, ｨｰ060001ｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｺ ｨｪ ｨｰｨ ｨｪ0604ｨｪｨ ﾂｨｪ06 ｨｮｨｺｨ ｨ 02ｨｰ ｨｮｨｬ02ｨｪｨｹ0302ｨｪｨｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｬｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｺ 0906ｨｺ0605ｨｨｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨ 0502ｨｬ ｨｮ ｨｰ0907 ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｦｨｪ02 ｨｬｨ ｨ ｨｺｨｰｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨ ｨｪ ｨｮ ﾂｨ 02ｨｰ 08ｨ ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｨｨｪ000608ｨｬｨ 02ｨｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｨ ｨｮ01ｨ ｨｨ 06 ｨｪｨ ｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｨ ｨｪｨ 08ｨｮ03ｨｨｨｰ020502ｨｦ ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｰ ｨｮ ﾂｨ ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｦ ｨｨ ﾂｨｨｨｺ ｨｰｨ 02-05ｨ 07ｨｪ09ｨｺ06ｨｬ ｨｨ06ｨｪ02 ｨｮｨｺｨ ｨ 02ｨｰ ｨｪｨ ｨｮ06ｨｴｨｨｨｦ 0708ｨｨ0608ｨｨｨｰ02ｨｰ ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ ｨ : 1) 0805ｨｰｨ ｨｦ09ｨｺｨｨｨｦ ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｦ, 2) ｨｮｨ 05ｨｨｨｺｨ 0805ｨｰｨ ｨｦ, 3) ｨｮｨ 05ｨｨｨｺｨ 09ｨ ｨｺｨ 09ｨｨ07, 4) ｨｮｨ 05ｨｨｨｺｨ 09ｨｮ0807ｨｰｨｨ07 ｨｨ 5) ｨｮｨ 05ｨｨｨｺｨ ｨ ｨｺ ｨｨ ｨｰｨ 02-05ｨ 07ｨｪ09ｨｺ ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ ｨｨ0100ｨｰ ﾂ ｨ 01ｨｬｨｨｨｪｨｨ09ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｰｨｨ09ｨｪ ｨｪｨｰ0804 ｨC ｨｨｨ ｨｨ0809ｨｺ, 09ｨ 08ｨｪｨ ｨｮ05, 0808ｨ 09ｨｪ ｨｺ, 0608ｨｺｨｮｨｰ09ｨｺ, 0601ｨｪｨ ｨｺ06 ｨｺ0605ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｰ ｨ

41 13Raptors Conservation Raptors Conservation 2007, ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｦ 09 ｨｪｨｨ01 ｨｪ0204ｨｪｨ ﾂｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ ｨ 09ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ06 09 ｨｺ0605ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｰ0906ｨｬ 04ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｦ ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ 01, ﾂｨｰ06 ｨｮｨｺｨ ｨ 02ｨｰ ｨｪｨ ｨｪ ｨｰｨ ｨｰ06 ﾂｨｪｨｮ06 ｨ ｨｺｨｰｨｨ09ｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ 0708ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｪ ｨｰ08ｨｮｨｺｨｰｨｮ08 ｨｨ ｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ 06ｨｰ ｨｨ09ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨ ﾂ ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪ04ｨｨｨｰｨｪ ｨ ｨ ｨｬ04ｨｦ ｨｮｨｺｨｰｨｨ09ｨｪ04ｨｦ ｨ 04ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ 01 ｨC 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰｨ ｨｨｨｪ090702ｨｺ02ｨｨｨｦ ｨｰｨｪｨ ｨ, 0601ｨｪｨ ｨｺ06 ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪｨｪ06 05ｨｰｨｨ 0905ｨｮ- ﾂｨ ｨｨ 0708ｨ ｨｺｨｰｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｺ060001ｨ ｨｪ ｨｨ05ｨｨ09ｨｹ 0106 ｨｪｨ ｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｪｨ 08ｨｮ03ｨｨｨｰ020502ｨｦ 04ｨ 06ｨｰ ｨｺ08ｨ 09ｨｪ06ｨｺｨｪｨｨ03ｨｪ ｨｨ ｨｨ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｺ0605ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｰ09ｨ 04ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｦ ｨｺ ｨｪｨ 02ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ02ｨｬ ｨｰ06ｨｺ ｨｨ 0601ｨｪ ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｪ06ｨｬ ｨｮｨｬ02ｨｪｨｹ0302ｨｪｨｨｨｨ ｨｰｨ 02-05ｨ 07ｨｪ09ｨｺ06ｨｬ ｨｨ06ｨｪ02 09 ｨ 0605ｨｹ0302ｨｦ 09ｨｰ020702ｨｪｨｨ 06ｨｰ08ｨ 03ｨ 02ｨｰ ｨｨ04ｨｬ02ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨ ｨｺｨｰｨｨ09ｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ 0708ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｪ ｨｰ08ｨｮｨｺｨｰｨｮ08, ﾂ02ｨｬ ｨｨｨｬ0202ｨｰ 06ｨｰｨｪ060302ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｺ 0802ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ06ｨｬｨｮ ｨｮ080609ｨｪ ｨ ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ 07ｨｨｨｺ ｨ 0906ｨｺ ｨｪｨ ﾂｨｨｨｪｨ 02ｨｰ ｨ 0900ｨｮ09ｨｰ02 ｨｨ ｨｨｨｰ0907, ｨｪ ｨ 01ｨ 07, ｨｺｨ ｨ ｨ ｨｺ0506 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ ｨｬ ｨｨｨｨ ｨｪ ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｴｨ ｨｺ0605ｨｨｨｪ ｨ ｨｨ04ｨｪ0209ｨ 09ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ ｨｨｨｰ ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪｨｮ06 ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｹ. 01ｨ 0006ｨｪ ｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｪ ｨ ｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ ｨ ｨｪ0609 ｨｺ06ｨｪｨｰ080605ｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｨ ｨｰ0908ｨ ｨｴｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｪ ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ04ｨｦ ｨ ｨｨ04ｨｪ0209, 06ｨｰ09ｨｮｨｰ09ｨｰ09ｨｮ02ｨｰ ｨｺｨ ｨｨ ｨｬ06ｨｰｨｨ09ｨ 02ｨｨ ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ060006, ｨｺ06ｨｰ060804ｨｦ ｨｰｨ ｨｪ ｨｪｨ 0008ｨ ｨｪｨｹ ｨｨ09ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 09 ｨｪ0208ｨ 09ｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｺ06ｨｪｨｺｨｮ0802ｨｪｨｰｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨ 0608ｨｹｨ ｨ 08ｨｮｨ 0203ｨｪ04ｨｬｨｨ 07ｨｨｨｰ06ｨｬｨｪｨｨｨｺｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨｨ ｨｺ06ｨｪｨｰ08ｨ ｨ ｨ ｨｪ01ｨｨ09ｨｰｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨｰｨ 02-05ｨ 07ｨｪ09ｨｺ06ｨｬ ｨｨ06ｨｪ02 06ｨｰ ｨｬ 04ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｬｨ 06ｨｰ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｹ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ040609ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0402 ｨｨ 0609ｨｪｨ ｨｴ02ｨｪｨｪ ｨｮ , ｨｺ06ｨｰ ｨ 0409ｨｰ ｨ 00ｨｨ08ｨｮ06ｨｰ ｨｪｨ ｨｮ09ｨｨ0502ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｺ06ｨｪｨｰ ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｬｨｨ 09ｨｰ08ｨｮｨｺｨｰｨｮ08ｨ ｨｬｨｨ, 0102ｨｦ09ｨｰ09ｨｨ07 ｨｺ06ｨｰ , 09 06ｨｰ05ｨｨ ﾂｨｨ02 06ｨｰ , ｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ06 05ｨｨ0302ｨｪ04 00ｨｨｨ ｨｺ0609ｨｰｨｨ ｨｨ080601ｨｪｨ , ｨｺｨ ｨｺ ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ04ｨｦ, ｨｰｨ ｨｺ ｨｨ ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ0402 ｨｮ0708ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07, ｨｪ02 ｨｺ06ｨｪｨｰ080605ｨｨ08ｨｮ02ｨｰ 09ｨｨｨｰｨｮｨ 02ｨｨ ｨｺｨｨｨｬｨｨ 09ｨｨ01ｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨｨ ｨｨ01 ｨｪ ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ06ｨｦ 0106ｨ 04 ﾂ02ｨｦ. 0505ｨｮ ﾂｨ ｨｨ 04ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｪｨ 08ｨｮ03ｨｨｨｰ020502ｨｦ ｨC 05ｨｰ ｨｺ0609ｨｰｨｹ, ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｮ01ｨ, ｨ ｨｰ02ｨｬ ｨ ｨｨ ｨ 0106 ｨｨ ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨC 05ｨｺ09ｨｺ050604ｨｨ ｨ 0102ｨｦ09ｨｰ090609ｨ ｨｪｨｪ ｨｰ08ｨｮｨｺｨｰｨｮ08 06ｨｰ09ｨｮｨｰ09ｨｰ09ｨｮ02ｨｰ ｨｬ06ｨｰｨｨ09ｨ 02ｨｨ ｨｰ0908ｨ ｨｴ02ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｪ ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ ｨｰ050609ｨ ｨｨ ｨ 0906ｨｺ , ｨｪ0609ｨｪ06ｨｬ, ｨｨ04-04ｨ ｨｪｨｨ04ｨｺ06ｨｦ 0102ｨｪ0203ｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｪｨｺｨｨ 0906ｨｺ ｨｨｨｦ09ｨｺ06ｨｬｨｮ 04ｨ ｨｺ06ｨｪ0601ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹ09ｨｰ09ｨｮ, ｨｨ, ｨｺｨ ｨｺ ｨｰ09ｨｨ02, ｨｪｨｨ04ｨｺｨｨ01 03ｨｰ08ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ 08ｨｮ0302ｨｪｨｨ07. 06ｨ ｨｺｨｨｨｬ 06ｨ 08ｨ 0406ｨｬ, ｨｪｨ ｨｪ0703ｨｪｨｨｨｦ 0102ｨｪｨｹ 06ｨｰ09ｨｮｨｰ09ｨｰ09ｨｮ02ｨｰ ｨｺｨｰｨｨ09ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｮ01ｨ 0809ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ ｨｺ06ｨｪｨｰ080605ｨｹ ｨｪ ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪｨｮ ｨｰｨ ｨｴｨｮ ｨｺ0605ｨｨｨｪ ｨ ｨｨ04ｨｪ0209ｨ, ｨｰ.ｨｺ ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪ02 ｨｬ020301ｨｮ ｨｰ08ｨｮｨｺｨｮｨｰ08ｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨｪ02 09ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ09ｨｮ02ｨｰ ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ ｨｦ09ｨｰ09ｨｨ ｨｪｨｰ020008ｨ 02ｨｨ07 ｨｬ020301ｨｮ ｨｰ08ｨｮｨｺｨｰｨｮ08ｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨｬ0603ｨｪｨ 05ｨｨ03ｨｹ 09ｨｨ05ｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨｪ02ｨｺ06ｨｬｨｬ0208 ﾂ0209ｨｺ ｨｺｨｰ0608ｨ, ｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ ｨｺ06ｨｰ ｨｦ ﾂｨ 09 ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0302 ｨｪ ｨｨ09ｨ 02ｨｰ ｨｮ01ｨ 0809ｨｰ0906ｨｬ. 0402ｨｺ06ｨｬ02ｨｪ01ｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ ｨ ｨｨｨｬ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 04ｨ ｨｨｨｪｨｰ ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ 0708ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｪ ｨｰ08ｨｮｨｺｨｰｨｮ08, ｨｰｨ ｨｬ060302ｨｪ ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ﾂｨｪｨｨｨｺ ｨ 0608ｨｹｨ ｨｰ ｨｬ ｨｨ ｨｬ 0906ｨｺ ｨｨ05ｨ ｨｬｨｨ 06ｨ ｨｴ0209ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ04ｨ 02ｨｨｨｦ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨ ｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ ｨｰ08ｨｮｨｺｨｰｨｮ ｨｨ06ｨｪ02 ｨｨ ｨｨ01 ｨｺ06ｨｪ090605ｨｨ01ｨ 02ｨｨ06 09 ｨ 0608ｨｹｨ ｨｪ ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ04ｨｬ 06ｨｰ ｨｬ. 00 ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ, ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｨｨ 05ｨｨ04ｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0401 ｨ 08ｨｨ00ｨ ｨ 0608ｨｹｨ ｨ 08ｨ ｨｺ06ｨｪｨｹ020809ｨｰ0906ｨｬ 0906ｨｺ ｨｨ06ｨｪ ｨｪｨｨ02 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰ ｨｪ020902ｨｪｨｨ ｨ 0906ｨｺ ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｪ ｨ ｨｺ06ｨｪ0601ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹ09ｨｰ ｨｹ06 ｨｮ09ｨｨ0502ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｺ06ｨｪｨｰ ｨｨ ｨｮ030209ｨｰ06 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｬ ｨｰ0902ｨｰ09ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ 04ｨ ｨｪ ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ04ｨｦ ｨｺ ｨ 0408ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰｨｺｨ ｨｨ 09ｨｪ ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨ ｨｪｨｰｨｨｨｺ060808ｨｮ0702ｨｨ06ｨｪｨｪ0401 ｨｬ0208 ｨｪｨ ｨｬ0209ｨｰｨ ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ ｨｪｨｰ080605ｨｹ 04ｨ 09ｨｮ0102ｨ ｨｪ04ｨｬｨｨ ｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨｪｨ 01 ｨ 08ｨ ｨｺ06ｨｪｨｹ0208ｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨｨ ｨｺ06ｨｪｨｰ08ｨ ｨ ｨ ｨｪ01ｨｨ09ｨｰｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨｰ060806ｨｪ04 06ｨ ｨｴ0209ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ ｨｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｺｨｰ0609 ｨｪｨ ｨｮ ﾂｨｪ06-ｨｨ ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹ09ｨｺｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ04ｨ 02ｨｨｨｦ 0706 ｨｬ06ｨｪｨｨｨｰ0608ｨｨｨｪ00ｨｮ 0906ｨｺ ｨｬ0209ｨｰｨ 01 ｨ ｨｺｨｰｨｨ09ｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ ｨｪ ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ ｨｪｨｰ080605ｨｹ 04ｨ 06ｨ ｨｰ06ｨｬ 0906ｨｺ ｨｪｨ ｨｮ01ｨ 0809ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ06ｨｬ ｨｮ080609ｨｪ ｨｬｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｨｨｪ ｨｰ08ｨ ｨ ﾂｨｨ 08ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｦ ｨｨ 07ｨ ｨｰｨｨ04ｨ 02ｨｨ ｨｺ , ｨｪｨ ｨｴｨｨ ｨ 09ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｺ 0608ｨｨ01ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨ01, ｨｰｨ ｨｺ ｨｨ 00ｨｨ04ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨ01 05ｨｨ ｨｪ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｮ01ｨ 0809ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨ ｨｬｨｬ04 ｨｬ02 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ07 01ｨｨｨｺｨｨ01 07ｨｰｨｨ02 ｨｬｨｨｨｺ0806 ﾂｨｨ07ｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨｨ 09ｨｪｨ ｨ 0302ｨｪｨｨ02 07ｨｮｨｪｨｺｨｰ0609 ｨｰｨ ｨｬ060302ｨｪｨｪ ｨｮ09ｨｺｨ ｨｰ09ｨ ｨｬｨｨ 06ｨｰ ｨｨ09ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｬｨｨｨｺ0806 ﾂｨｨ ｨ ｨ 07 ｨｨ 00ｨｨｨｪｨ ｨｪ090609ｨ ｨｺｨ ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ ｨｪｨｰ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｺ ｨｬｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 06ｨ ｨｴ0209ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ ｨｬｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ ｨ 03ｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ ｨ ｨｪ ｨｺ ｨｨ 09ｨｰ ｨｰｨｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 04ｨ ｨｪ0204ｨ ｨｺ06ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ ｨ ｨ 08ｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ 0809ｨｰ ｨ 03ｨ 02ｨｰ ｨ 05ｨ ｨ 08ｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ ｨ ｨｬｨｬ02 TRAFFIC Europe-Russia ｨｨ 05ｨｨ ﾂｨｪ ｨｺ ｨ ｨｦ09ｨｬｨ ｨｪｨｮ 04ｨ 00ｨｨｨｪｨ ｨｪ090609ｨｮ06 ｨｨ ｨｨｨｪ000608ｨｬｨ 02ｨｨ06ｨｪｨｪ06-ｨｬ02ｨｰ0601ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｮ ｨｺｨｮ ｨｺｨｰｨ, ｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｺ ｨｬ ｨｨｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨｰｨ ｨｬ, ｨｰｨ 09ｨｨ0903ｨｨｨｬ ｨｨｨｪ000608ｨｬｨ 02ｨｨ ｨｰ ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｨ ｨｮ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰ090609ｨ 0903ｨｨｨｬ 09 ｨ ｨｪｨｺ02ｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｨ.

42 ｨｪｨ ｨｰ ｨｨｨｴｨｪｨｨｨｺｨｨ ｨｨ ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ 2007, ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｰ ｨｨｨｴｨｪｨｨｨｺ0609 Status1 7of1 7the1 7Saker1 7Falcon1 7on1 7the1 7eastern1 7fringe1 7of1 7the1 7Junggar Basin,1 7China ｧｳｧｴｧ ｧｴｧｵｧｳ1 7ｧ ｧ ｧｭｧｰｧ ｧ ｧｯｧ 1 7ｧｯｧ 1 7ｧ ｧｰｧｳｧｴｧｰｧｹｧｯｧｰｧｫ1 7ｧｰｧｬｧｲｧ ｧｪｧｯｧｦ1 7ｧ ｧｨｧｵｧｯｧ ｧ ｧｲｧｪｧｪ, ｧｬｧｪｧｴｧ ｧｫ Wu1 7Yi-Qun1 7(School1 7of1 7Life1 7Science,1 7Lanzhou1 7University,1 7China), Ma1 7Ming1 7(1 7Xinjiang1 7Institute1 7of1 7Ecology1 7and1 7Geography,1 7Chinese1 7Academy1 7of1 7Science, Urumqi,1 7Xinjiang,1 7China),1 7Liu1 7Xu1 7Feng1 7(Key1 7Laboratory1 7of1 7Animal1 7Ecology1 7and Conservation1 7Biology,1 7Institute1 7of1 7Zoology,1 7CAS,1 7China), Tian1 7Lei,1 7Mei1 7Yu1 7(XIEG,1 7CAS,1 7Urumqi,1 7Xinjiang,1 7China) ｧ ｧｫｧﾚ-ｧｬ1 7ｧﾟ1 7(ｧｺ1 7ｧ爰ﾝｧﾑ1 7ｧﾖｧ罘荅ﾖｧ罘荅ﾓｧﾖｧﾟｧﾟｧｧ辟1 7ｧﾟｧﾑ1 71 7,1 7ｧｵｧﾟｧﾚｧﾓｧﾖｧ筴罘ﾚｧ荅ﾖｧ舮1 7ｧｭｧﾑｧﾟｧｧ鬧ﾘｧ焙1 7,1 7ｧｬｧﾚｧ荅ﾑｧﾛ) ｧｮｧﾑ1 7ｧｮｧﾚｧﾟ1 71 7(ｧｪｧﾟｧ罘荅ﾚｧ舮1 7ｧ舮1 7ｧ1 7ｧ爰ﾝｧ焙1 7ｧﾚｧﾚ1 7ｧﾚ1 71 7ｧﾖｧ焙1 7ｧ筴ﾑｧ讒ﾚｧﾚ1 7ｧｳｧﾚｧﾟｧ隗ﾙｧｧﾟｧ,1 7ｧｬｧﾚｧ荅ﾑｧﾛｧ繖1 7ｧﾑｧ1 7ｧ 1 7ｧﾑｧﾕｧﾖｧﾞｧﾚｧ1 7ｧｯｧﾑ1 71 7, ｧｵｧ邃1 7ｧﾞｧ鬧ﾚ) ｧｬｧ繖1 71 7ｧｶｧﾖｧﾟ1 71 7(ｧ ｧﾝｧﾑｧﾓｧﾟｧﾑｧ1 7ｧﾝｧﾑｧﾒｧ爰筴ﾑｧ荅爰筴ﾚｧ1 7ｧ1 7ｧ爰ﾝｧ焙1 7ｧﾚｧﾚ1 7ｧﾘｧﾚｧﾓｧ爰荅ﾟｧｧ辟1 7ｧﾚ1 7ｧ皎筴ﾚｧ筴爰ﾕｧ爰爰遘筴ﾑｧﾟｧﾟｧ爰ﾛ1 7ｧﾒｧﾚｧ爰ﾝｧ焙1 7ｧﾚｧﾚ, ｧｪｧﾟｧ罘荅ﾚｧ舮1 7ｧ舮1 7ｧﾙｧ爰爰ﾝｧ焙1 7ｧﾚｧﾚ,1 7ｧｬｧﾚｧ荅ﾑｧﾛｧ繖1 7ｧﾑｧ1 7ｧ 1 7ｧﾑｧﾕｧﾖｧﾞｧﾚｧ1 7ｧｯｧﾑ1 71 7) ｧｴｧｧﾟ1 7ｧｭｧﾖｧﾛ,1 7ｧｮｧﾖｧﾛ1 7ｧﾀ1 7(ｧｪｧﾟｧ罘荅ﾚｧ舮1 7ｧ舮1 7ｧ1 7ｧ爰ﾝｧ焙1 7ｧﾚｧﾚ1 7ｧﾚ1 71 7ｧﾖｧ焙1 7ｧ筴ﾑｧ讒ﾚｧﾚ1 7ｧｳｧﾚｧﾟｧ隗ﾙｧｧﾟｧ,1 7ｧｬｧﾚｧ荅ﾑｧﾛｧ繖1 7ｧﾑｧ1 7ｧ 1 7ｧﾑｧﾕｧﾖｧﾞｧﾚｧ ｧｯｧﾑ1 71 7,1 7ｧｵｧ邃1 7ｧﾞｧ鬧ﾚ) Contact: Wu Yi-Qun School of Life Science Lanzhou University Tianshui road 222, Lanzhou China wuyq-05@163.com Ma Ming Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography Chinese Academy of Science Urumqi Xinjiang China maming@ms.xjb.ac.cn ｨｪｨｨ02 09ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪ (Falco cherrug) ｨC 09ｨｨ01, ｨｨｨｬ0206ｨｴｨｨｨｦ ｨ 0605ｨｹ ｨｪｨ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ02 09 ｨｺｨｮ05ｨｹｨｰｨｮ08ｨｪ06ｨｬ ｨｪｨ ｨｨｨｨ 09ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪ 0905ｨｨ03ｨｪ ｨｰ06ｨｺｨ ｨｨ 0002ｨｪｨｰ08ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ06ｨｦ 0804ｨｨｨｨ ｨｨｨｰｨ 02 00ｨｪ ｨｦ ｨ 0802ｨ 05 ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｰ06 ﾂ02ｨｪ, ｨｪ0609ｨｪ06ｨｬ, 09 04ｨ 07ｨ 01ｨｪ ｨｨｨｪ02ｨｨ ｨｨｨｰｨ 07, 09ｨｺ0506 ﾂｨ 07 05ｨｨｨｪ020407ｨｪｨｹ, 06ｨｨｨ 02ｨｰ, 0809ｨｨｨｪ0001ｨ ｨｦ, 01ｨ ｨｪｨｹ09ｨｮ, 00ｨｪｨｮｨｰ0802ｨｪｨｪ ｨｪ000605ｨｨ ｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｨ09ｨｰ0608ｨｨｨｨ 08ｨｨｨｰｨ 07 01ｨｨｨｴｨｪｨｨｨｺｨｨ, 09ｨｺ0506 ﾂｨ 07 ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ, 08ｨ 0909ｨｬｨ ｨｰ08ｨｨ09ｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨｹ ｨｺｨ ｨｺ ｨｺ08ｨ 09ｨｪ04ｨｦ ｨｬｨ ｨｰ0208ｨｨｨ ｨｬｨｪ0600ｨｨ ｨｦ: ｨｹ07 ｨｨ ｨｹ040609ｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨｹ ｨｬ020905ｨ 01, ｨｺ0609ｨｰｨｨ ｨｨ ｨｬ ｨ 04 ﾂｨｪ06 09 ﾂｨｨｨｰｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨｹ 0601ｨｪｨｨｨｬ ｨｨ04 09ｨｨ ｨｺｨ 0809ｨｰ09, 0708ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪ0702ｨｬ ｨｰ08ｨ 01ｨｨ02ｨｨ06ｨｪｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｺｨｨｨｰｨ ｨｦ09ｨｺ06ｨｦ ｨｬ0201ｨｨ02ｨｨｨｪ02. 08ｨ ｨｺ ｨｨ ｨ ｨ 09ｨｺｨｨ01 09ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪｨ 01, 0601ｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｨ04 ｨｺｨｮ05ｨｹｨｰｨｮ08ｨｪ0401 ｨｰ08ｨ 01ｨｨ- Introduction The Saker Falcon (Falco cherrug) is a species of great importance in the culture and traditions of the countries of the Middle East and Central Asia. In China, breeding area of Saker Falco mainly situated at the western provinces of China, including Xinjiang, Tibet, Qinghai, Gansu and inner-mongolia. In long Chinese history, raptor was regarded as good material for many purposes: the plumes were used to make craftwork; bones and flesh were usually considered as a kind of Chinese traditional medicine; similarly to Arab country, a cultural tradition was hunting with falcons for entertainment. In modern times, though the Saker Falcon is a species listed in Appendix II of CITES and Category II of the state of China protection list, hunting and poaching pressure of the Saker Falcon still severe, especially in 1990s. Materials and methods We have attempted to analyze factors that impact negatively on the Saker Falcon by researching the saker population condition in the eastern fringe of the Jungar Basin, Xinjiang, northwest China and develop recommendations for protecting the species in China ｨｦ ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪ (Falco cherrug) ｨｪｨ 00ｨｪ ｨｰ06 00ｨ 00ｨｨｨｪ00 A young Saker (Falco cherrug) in the nest. Photo by Ma Ming

43 13Raptors Conservation Raptors Conservation 2007, ｨｨｨｦ ｨ 0405ｨ ｨｰｨ 09 01ｨｨｨｴｨｪ04ｨｬｨｨ 07ｨｰｨｨ02ｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ ｨｦ ﾂｨ 09, ｨｪ0209ｨｬ06ｨｰ0807 ｨｪｨ ｨｰ06, ﾂｨｰ06 ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪ 09ｨｺ0506 ﾂ02ｨｪ ｨｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 II ｨｨ 09 ｨｺｨ ｨｰ ｨｨ06 II ｨｮ01ｨ 0809ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ ｨｨ09ｨｺｨ ｨ ｨｪ0702ｨｬ ｨｨ ｨｨｨｰｨ 07, ｨｪ0204ｨ ｨｺ06ｨｪｨｪ ｨｰ050609ｨ ｨｨ ｨｰ04 ｨｪｨ ｨｪ ｨｺｨ ｨ 02ｨｰ ｨｹ0204ｨｪ ｨｨ07ｨｪｨｨ02, ｨ 02ｨｪｨｪ ｨ ｨｰ0208ｨｨｨ 0504 ｨｨ ｨｬ02ｨｰ ｨ ｨｪｨｪ06ｨｦ 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰ ｨｨｨｪ07ｨｰｨ ｨｰｨｺｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ 05ｨｨ04ｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 00ｨ ｨｺｨｰ060804, ｨｪ0200ｨ ｨｰｨｨ09ｨｪ ｨｨ0706ｨｴｨｨ02 ｨｪｨ ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ, ｨｮ05ｨｹｨｰｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｬ ｨｨ04ｨｮ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｪｨ ｨｰ06 ﾂｨｪ06ｨｦ 06ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｨｨｪ ｨｮｨｪ00ｨ 08ｨｨｨｨ (05ｨｨｨｪ020407ｨｪｨｹ, ｨ 07ｨ 01ｨｪ04ｨｦ 08ｨｨｨｰｨ ｨｦ) ｨｨ 01ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 0802ｨｺ06ｨｬ02ｨｪ01ｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ ｨ ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ06 09ｨｨ01ｨ 09 08ｨｨｨｰｨ ｨｮ05ｨｹｨｰｨ ｨｰ04 00 ｨ 0802ｨ ｨｬ ﾂｨｨ090502ｨｪｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｺ ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｴｨ 02ｨｰ0907, ｨｨ 09ｨｨ01 ｨｨ04 06ｨ 04 ﾂｨｪ XX 0902ｨｺ02 09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ0609ｨｨｨｰ0907 ｨｮ ｨ 02ｨｬ04ｨｬ. 05ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ09ｨｮ02ｨｰ ｨｬｨｪ ｨｨ ﾂｨｨｨｪ, 0706 ﾂ02ｨｬｨｮ 05ｨｰ ｨｨ ｨｨｨｰ ｨｦ 0907ｨ 01 ﾂｨｨ090502ｨｪｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ ｨｪｨ ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ 0502 XX 0902ｨｺｨ ｨｹ03ｨ 07 ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｹ ｨｬ0209ｨｰ0606ｨ ｨｨｨｰｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｦ ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨ 0405ｨ ｨｪｨ 09 ｨｺｨ ﾂ0209ｨｰ ｨ 0106ｨｰｨｪ ｨｬ0205ｨｹ. 0808ｨｮ07ｨｪ06ｨｬｨ 0903ｨｰｨ ｨ ｨｪ ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｨｨｪ0902ｨｺｨｰｨｨ02ｨｨ010609, ｨ 02ｨｪｨｪ , 0708ｨｨ ｨｺ06 09ｨｰ060806ｨｬｨｮ 0907ｨ 01ｨｮ ｨｨｨｪ02 XX 0902ｨｺｨ ｨ 0008ｨ 00ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ ｨｬ0209ｨｰ0606ｨ ｨｨｨｰｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｦ ｨｨ 00ｨｪ ｨｮ050702ｨｨｨｦ ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪ04 ｨｪ02 ｨｬ060005ｨｨ ｨｮ ｨｪ ｨ 09ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 07ｨ 0804 ｨｨ, ｨｮ05ｨｹｨｰｨ ｨｰ02, ｨｪ0608ｨｬｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ06 08ｨ 04ｨｬｨｪ0603ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｰ07 ｨｬｨｪ0600ｨｨ02 00ｨ ｨｺｨｰ060804, ｨ 0903ｨｨ02 09ｨｪｨｨ0302ｨｪｨｨ02 ﾂｨｨ090502ｨｪｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ, 09 ｨ 0605ｨｹ03ｨｨｨｪ09ｨｰ ｨｨ06ｨｪ ｨｪ04, ｨｪ02ｨｺ06ｨｰ ｨｨ00ｨｨ ﾂｨｪ ｨｰ06ｨｺｨ 0203ｨｮｨｪ00ｨ 08ｨｨｨｨ ｨｮ05ｨｹｨｰｨ ｨｰ ｨｪｨｪ0401 ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｦ 0706 ｨｨ04ｨｮ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ06 09ｨｰｨ ｨｰｨｮ09ｨ ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｬ0603ｨｪ ｨｨｨｰｨｹ ｨｮ06ｨｴｨｨ02 00ｨ ｨｺｨｰ060804, ｨ 0903ｨｨ02 09ｨｪｨｨ0302ｨｪｨｨ02 ﾂｨｨ090502ｨｪｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ ｨｪｨｨ ﾂｨｰ060302ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｬ0209ｨｰ0606ｨ ｨｨｨｰｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｦ ｨｨ04-04ｨ ｨｪ02ｨ 0605ｨｹ0306ｨｦ ﾂｨｨ090502ｨｪｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ ｨｬ0209ｨｰｨｪ ｨｪｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｨ ｨｪ ｨｰｨ ｨｰｨｺｨ ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪ ｨｰｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｰ06ｨｺ ｨｮｨｪ00ｨ 0809ｨｺ06ｨｦ ｨｺ06ｨｰ050609ｨｨｨｪ04 ｨ ｨｪｨｰ ｨｪｨｪ ｨｨ07ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｪｨ 01ｨｨｨｴｨｪｨｨｨｺ0609 ｨ ｨｪ0204ｨｪｨ ﾂｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ ｨｪｨｨ , ｨ 0409ｨｨｨｰｨｨ07 05ｨｺ06ｨｪ06ｨｬｨｨｨｺｨｨ 05ｨｨｨｪ020407ｨｪ07, ｨｮ09ｨｺ0608ｨｨ ｨｰ0806ｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹ09ｨｰ09ｨ ｨ 09ｨｰ06ｨｰ08ｨ ﾁｨ 09ｨｰｨｹ ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｮ01ｨ 0809ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ ｨｪｨ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ ｨｰ080602ｨｪｨ ｨｨ ｨｮｨｬ ﾂｨｨ (09ｨｰ0605ｨｨ02ｨ 05ｨｨｨｪ020407ｨｪ07) ｨｪｨ ｨｨｨｪ020407ｨｪ07 (08ｨ ｨｦ06ｨｪ04 00ｨｨｨｪ000102, 08ｨｮｨｪ06ｨｮｨｪ ｨｨ 0805ｨｰｨ ｨｦ). 08ｨ ｨｺ ｨｰ09ｨｨ02, 09ｨｰ0806ｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹ09ｨｰ0906 ｨｮ0106ｨ ｨｪ ｨｨ ｨｺ ｨｮ09ｨｨ0502ｨｪｨｨ06 01ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｪｨ ｨｮ050702ｨｨｨｨ ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｨ 0108ｨｮ00ｨｨ01 01ｨｨｨｴｨｪ ｨｰｨｨ02. 06ｨ ｨｺｨｨ02 00ｨ ｨｺｨｰ Results In the range of globe, the Saker Falcon population is decreasing sharply from abundant species to endangered species in XX century. There were many reasons resulting in population decline of the Saker Falcon. The first population decline occurred at early XX century. A great deal of habitats of the Saker Falcon was cultivated in Europe. Large-scale application of insecticide especially DDT brought on the second decline in the middle of XX century. Owing to fragmentized habitats and breeding population, sakers weren ｯt being able to find mates and as result breed successfully. Though many factors for the population decline are similar to other region, some factors are specific to the east of Junggar Basin, Xinjiang. After investigation on survival status of the Saker several factors leading to population decline of the Saker Falcon can be concluded in following. 1. Habitat loss Before 1980s, as a result of less human population and disadvantage of traffic in the east of the Junggar Basin, human impacts on raptors had been insignificant. But in recent years, for the sake of improvement of traffic status and accelerating economy development, a piece of state highway number 216 was built from Urumqi (the capital of Xinjiang) to north Xinjiang (the counties including Qinghe, Fuyun and Altay). Thus convenient traffic followed to enormous survival pressure to Saker Falcon and other raptors. The conditions of exploitation mine and dig herbal medicine become much more severe. During surveys, over 10 sites of gold and tin mines were found in the breeding area of the Saker Falcon. Moreover, 5 cases of digging desert Cistanche were noted near the saker nests in April Those human activities have already destroyed local vegetation and habitat environment of raptor. Furthermore, it has impacted negatively on the breeding success of sakers. Thus habitat loss and interference of human being on the Saker breeding seemed that survival status of the Saker Falcon has being faced much more rigorous position than anytime. On condition that loss of habitat last few years the saker population has declined sharply. 2. Illegal trade and conveyance Due to firm demand for sakers in Arab States, many falcons were caught illegally last years. Though all species of Falconi-

44 ｨｪｨ ｨｰ ｨｨｨｴｨｪｨｨｨｺｨｨ ｨｨ ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ 2007, ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｰ ｨｨｨｴｨｪｨｨｨｺ ｨｨ07ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｺｨ ｨｺ 05ｨｺ090705ｨｮｨ ｨｰｨ 02ｨｨ07 03ｨ 01ｨｰ ｨｨ 09ｨ ｨｺｨ 0809ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ ｨ 09ｨｰ02ｨｪｨｨｨｦ 09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ060907ｨｰ0907 ｨ ｨｪｨ ﾂｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ04ｨｬｨｨ. 05ｨ ｨｬ07 ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｦ ｨ ｨｰ0401 ｨｨ ｨｪｨｪ ｨｨｨｨ09ｨｺ ｨ ｨｪｨ 08ｨｮ0302ｨｪ ｨ 01 00ｨｪ ｨｮ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｺ0609 ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｮ ﾂｨ ｨ 0608ｨ ｨｰ08ｨ 09 06ｨｰｨｬ02 ﾂ02ｨｪ06 ｨ 05ｨｨ04 00ｨｪ ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ 09 ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ ｨｮ0302 ｨｮｨｪｨｨ ﾂｨｰ0603ｨｨ05ｨ ｨｬ0209ｨｰｨｪｨｮ06 08ｨ 09ｨｰｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ ｨｨ ｨｬ0209ｨｰｨ 06ｨ ｨｨｨｰｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｬｨｪ0600ｨｨ01 01ｨｨｨｴｨｪ ｨｰｨｨ ｨｬ02 ｨｰ060006, 00ｨ ｨｺｨｰ0608 ｨ ｨｺ06ｨｦ09ｨｰ09ｨ 06ｨｺｨ ｨ 02ｨｰ ｨｪ0200ｨ ｨｰｨｨ09ｨｪ ｨｨ07ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｪｨ ｨｮ ｨ 04ｨｬｨｪ060302ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨ ｨｮｨｪｨｨ ﾂｨｰ060302ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｬ0209ｨｰ0606ｨ ｨｨｨｰｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｦ ｨｨ 09ｨｬ0203ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹ09ｨｰ09ｨ ﾂ ｨｺｨ ｨｨ ｨ 04ｨｬｨｪ060302ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｨ09ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 09ｨｰ06ｨｨｨｰ ｨｨ0206ｨｬ ｨ ｨｹ0204ｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨ 0502ｨｬ04, ﾂ02ｨｬ 08ｨ ｨｪ ﾂｨｨｨｰ0409ｨ 07 ｨｰ06, ﾂｨｰ06 ｨｬｨｪ0600ｨｨ02 ｨｬ0209ｨｰ0606ｨ ｨｨｨｰｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨ 0405ｨｨ ｨｮｨｪｨｨ ﾂｨｰ060302ｨｪ ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｪ0209ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺ ｨｰ, ﾂｨｨ090502ｨｪｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ ｨｺ ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｰｨｨ05ｨ 09ｨｹ ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪｨ 07 ｨｰ ｨｨ ｨｺ06ｨｪｨｰ08ｨ ｨ ｨ ｨｪ01ｨ 0905ｨ ｨ 0807 ｨｮ09ｨｰ06ｨｦ ﾂｨｨ0906ｨｬｨｮ ｨｮ ｨｪｨ ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ 09 09ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｨ03ｨｪ ｨｰ06ｨｺｨ, ｨ 0605ｨｹ ﾂｨｨ ｨｺ ｨ ｨｪ0204ｨ ｨｺ06ｨｪｨｪ06 06ｨｰ ｨｪ06 04ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｰ ｨｨ ｨｺ ｨ 08ｨ 04ｨｪ ｨｪ020902ｨｪ ｨｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 II , ｨｪ ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ04ｨｦ 06ｨｰ ｨｨ ｨ 03ｨ ｨｨ 0906ｨｺ ｨｪｨｨｨｺ060001ｨ ｨｪ ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｴｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨｹ ｨｬｨｪ02ｨｪｨｪ06, 09ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ09ｨｮ06ｨｴｨｨｨｦ 0002ｨｪ06ｨｬ02ｨｪ ｨｪ 0708ｨｨ090209ｨｰｨｨ ｨｺ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨｮ 09ｨｪｨｨ0302ｨｪｨｨ06 ﾂｨｨ090502ｨｪｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ ｨｮ050702ｨｨｨｦ 01ｨｨｨｴｨｪｨｨｨｺ ｨｨ ｨｪ06, ﾂｨｰ ｨｪｨ ｨｰ0802ｨ ｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ 0906ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｪｨｨｨｺ0609 ｨｪｨ 0905ｨｨ03ｨｪ02ｨｬ ｨｰ06ｨｺ ｨｺ0605ｨ 01 ｨｨ ｨｮ09ｨｰ06ｨｦ ﾂｨｨ09ｨ 07 05ｨｺ06ｨｪ06ｨｬｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨ ｨ 06ｨｰ ｨｨ ｨ 03ｨｨ ｨ 06ｨｰ ｨ 08ｨ ｨｺ06ｨｪｨｹ020809ｨｰ0906 ｨｨ ｨｰ ｨ 09ｨｪ04ｨｬｨｨ 0708ｨｨ ﾂｨｨｨｪｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨｪ ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｰ ｨｨ ｨｨ ｨｺ06ｨｪｨｰ08ｨ ｨ ｨ ｨｪ ｨｪ02ｨｺ06ｨｰ ｨｮ ﾂｨ ｨｨ ｨｪ ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｺｨｨ 06ｨｰｨｬ02 ﾂｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨｹ ｨｪｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｨｨ ｨｺ08ｨｮ07ｨｪ0401 ｨｰｨ ｨｬ0603ｨｪ0701, 09ｨｺ0506 ﾂｨ ｨｦ0103ｨｨｨｪ00, 0607ｨｪ0103ｨｨ07ｨｪ00, 01ｨ ｨｪ01ｨ ｨｦ, ﾁ02ｨｪ00ｨｰｨｮ ｨｨ 01ｨ ｨｪｨｺ06ｨｪ00 (Wang 2001; Ye, Ma, 2001; Ma, 1999, 2004). 06ｨ ｨｺｨ 07 ｨｪ ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ 09ｨｨ05ｨｹｨｪ06 ｨｨ09ｨｰ06ｨｴｨｨ05ｨ ｨｮ0809 ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ 04ｨ ｨｺ060806ｨｰｨｺｨｨｨｦ ｨｺ ｨｨｨｪ020407ｨｪｨｹ ｨｨｨｪ0609ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0402 ｨｺ06ｨｪｨｰ08ｨ ｨ ｨ ｨｪ01ｨｨ09ｨｰ ｨｪｨｨｨｺｨ 06ｨｰ 06ｨ 04 ﾂｨｪ06 ﾂ ｨｮ09ｨｺｨｪ06ｨｦ 07ｨｮｨｪｨｺｨｰ 08ｨｮｨｪ ｨ ｨ, 0008ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ﾂｨ ｨｴｨｨｨｦ 09 03ｨ ｨｺｨｨ09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ06ｨｬ, ｨｨ 01ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｹ09ｨｮ, 00ｨｨｨｪ01ｨ ｨｦ, 01ｨｨｨｪ0907, 00ｨｪｨｮｨｰ0802ｨｪｨｪ ｨｪ000605ｨｨ ｨｰ050609ｨ 0906ｨｺ ｨｹ03ｨｨｨｪ09ｨｰ ｨｦｨｬｨ ｨｪｨｪ ｨｺ ｨｨｨｰ0907 ｨｪｨ 0905ｨｨ03ｨｪｨｨｨｦ ｨｰ06ｨｺ 0706 ｨｬｨ ｨｮｨｰｨｮ 05ｨｨｨｪ020407ｨｪｨｹ ｨC 03ｨ ｨｺｨｨ09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ ｨC 0608ｨ ｨｪ ｨC 0808ｨ ｨ 09ｨｺｨｨｨｦ ｨｨ06ｨｪ ｨｨ05ｨｨ 09ｨ ｨｬ060502ｨｰ06ｨｬ 05ｨｨｨｪ020407ｨｪｨｹ ｨC 0808ｨ ｨ 09ｨｺｨｨ02 09ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪ ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨ ｨｺ06ｨｪ00ｨｨ09ｨｺ0609ｨ ｨｪ06 ｨｬ0209ｨｰｨｪ04ｨｬｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｬ0603ｨｪ02ｨｦ, ｨｨ 06ｨｺ ｨｺ06ｨｪｨｰ08ｨ ｨ ｨ ｨｪ01ｨｨ09formes listed in Appendix II of CITES the phenomenon that Eagles and Falcons were poached for and illegal trade never halt. Undoubtedly the existing phenomenon would result in sharp decline of wild population. The combination of requirement for falconry in the Middle East and huge economy benefit of poaching revealed to be the main reason for illegal trade and conveyance. Since 1990s some people has entered distributing region, captured sakers and then smuggled by customs. The cases of illegal conveyance once occurred at the most of big customs including Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, Chengtu, even Hongkong (Wan 2001; Ye et al. 2001; Ma et al. 1999, 2004). Those illegal activities made the Saker resource severely destroyed in short period. In Xinjiang, overseas smugglers usually through Kunjerab Pass bordered with Pakistan enter Xinjiang then to Gansu, Qinghai, Ningxia, and Inner-Mongolia to capture sakers. The most part of caught sakers were transported to the Middle East by the route of Xinjiang-Pakistan-Iran-Arab area or by Xinjiang-Arab country by airplane. A total of 954 Saker Falcons was confiscated by local governments and customs and about 2000 smugglers were arrested in 1992ｨC 1998 (Li et al., 2000). Illegal capturing and trade of sakers still exists. A group of smugglers from Pakistan penetrated north Xinjiang and captured Saker Falco using domestic pigeons and chucars (Alectoris chukar) as bait in September-October, 2002, which is well known by local shepherd. 3. Lack of quarry and food poisoning Since 1950s, a rural production practice has altered in that pasture declined rapidly and farming assert increased. The existing hunting habitats of sakers were cultivated with the planting of crop which reduced the availability of ground dwelling prey for Sakers. Intensive agriculture is associated with the mass extermination of common rodents, including gerbils (Rhombomys opimus, Meriones meridianus) most important preys for Saker Falcon. Another nature factor having a strong negative influence is eradication mouse plague. Since 1949 large-scale areas including Xinjiang have begun many larger campaigns of extermination mouse population (one of 00four disasters03) as a disaster to pasture. Long-term campaigns resulted in prey scarcity of the raptor. Food poisoning is another cause that harm to the saker health. Before liberation, pas-

45 13Raptors Conservation Raptors Conservation 2007, ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪ, ｨｨｨ 03ｨｨｨｦ 06ｨｰ 06ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 02ｨｨｨ ｨｪｨｨ0106ｨｬ ｨｪｨ ｨｰ08ｨｨ ｨｰ06 00ｨ 00ｨｨｨｪ00 A dead Saker from Sodium Cyanide. Photo by Ma Ming ｨｰ0609 ｨ ｨ ｨ ｨｪ ｨC (Li et al., 2000) ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ04ｨｦ 06ｨｰ ｨｨ ｨｰ ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ09ｨｮ06ｨｰ ｨｨ ｨｪｨｰ07ｨ ｨｺｨｰ07ｨ ｨｮ0707ｨ 07ｨ ｨｺｨｨ09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ09ｨｺｨｨ01 ｨｺ06ｨｪｨｰ08ｨ ｨ ｨ ｨｪ01ｨｨ09ｨｰ ｨｪｨｨｨｺ05ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｨｨｪ020407ｨｪ07 ｨｨ ｨｨ05ｨ ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪ0609 ｨｪｨ 0106ｨｬｨ 03ｨｪｨｨ ｨｮｨ 02ｨｦ ｨｨ ｨｺ02ｨｺ05ｨｨｨｺ0609 (Alectoris chukar) 09 ｨｺｨ ﾂ0209ｨｰ ｨｨｨｬｨ ｨｪｨｺｨｨ, 06 ﾂ02ｨｬ ｨ ｨｨ ｨｰｨｪ06 ｨｬ0209ｨｰｨｪ04ｨｬ 07ｨ 09ｨｰｨｮ01ｨ ｨｬ ｨｰｨ ｨｰ06ｨｺ ｨｺ0608ｨｬ0609 ｨｨ 07ｨｨｨｴ ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｹ09ｨｺ ｨｦ09ｨｰ ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ06 ｨｨ04ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｨ050609ｨｹ: ｨｴｨ 01ｨｹ 07ｨ 09ｨｰｨ ｨｨｨｴ ｨ 0409ｨｰ ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｰｨｨ05ｨ 09ｨｹ, ｨ ｨｴｨ 01ｨｹ 06ｨ 08ｨ ｨ ｨ ｨｰ0409ｨ 02ｨｬ ｨｬ0205ｨｹ 09ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ06 ｨｮ090205ｨｨ ﾂｨｨ05ｨ 09ｨｹ. 05ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ090609ｨ 0903ｨｨ ｨｰｨｪｨｨ ﾂｨｹｨｨ ｨ ｨｨ06ｨｰ ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪ0609 ｨ 0405ｨｨ 04ｨ ｨｪ07ｨｰ ｨｹ09ｨｺ ｨｦ09ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｬｨｨ ｨｺｨｮ05ｨｹｨｰｨｮ08ｨ ｨｬｨｨ, ﾂｨｰ06 ｨｪ0200ｨ ｨｰｨｨ09ｨｪ ｨｨ ｨｪｨ ﾂｨｨ090502ｨｪｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ 0609ｨｪ0609ｨｪ ｨ ｨｲ02ｨｺｨｰ ｨｨｨｰｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ. 06ｨｪｨｰ02ｨｪ09ｨｨ09ｨｪ ｨｹ09ｨｺ ｨｦ09ｨｰ ｨｨ ｨｺ ｨｨ09 ﾂ0204ｨｪ060902ｨｪｨｨ06 ｨｬｨ ｨｮｨｪ0609, 09ｨｺ0506 ﾂｨ 07 ｨ 0605ｨｹ03ｨｮ ﾂｨ ｨｪｨｺｨｮ (Rhombomys opimus) ｨｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｪｨｪｨｮ ﾂｨ ｨｪｨｺｨｮ (Meriones meridianus), ｨｴｨｨ ｨｪ0609ｨｪ04ｨｬｨｨ 06ｨ ｨｲ02ｨｺｨｰｨ ｨｬｨｨ 07ｨｨｨｰｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ. 0309ｨｰ0209ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ 00ｨ ｨｺｨｰ0608, 06ｨｺｨ ｨ 06ｨｴｨｨｨｦ ｨｹ0204ｨｪ0602 ｨｪ0200ｨ ｨｰｨｨ09ｨｪ ｨｨ07ｨｪｨｨ02, ｨC 0607ｨｮ09ｨｰ0603ｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ ｨｨ040606ｨｰｨｨｨｨ ｨｨ ｨｮｨｪ ｨ 0605ｨｹ03ｨｨ ｨｨｨｪ02ｨｨｨｨ, 09ｨｺ0506 ﾂｨ 07 05ｨｨｨｪ020407ｨｪｨｹ, ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ 05ｨｨ ｨｨｨｰｨｹ 03ｨｨ0806ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ 0903ｨｰｨ ｨ ｨｪ0402 ｨｺｨ ｨｬ07ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｨ 0706 ｨｮｨｪｨｨ ﾂｨｰ060302ｨｪｨｨ ｨｮｨｪ0609, ｨｴｨｨ ｨｪ0609 ﾂｨｨｨｺｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨｪ ｨｨ ｨｮｨｬ02ｨｪｨｹ03ｨ 06ｨｴｨｨｨｬｨｨ ｨｮｨｺｨｰｨｨ09ｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ 07ｨ 09ｨｰｨ ｨｨｨｴ ｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ0402 ｨｺｨ ｨｬ07ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｨ 0706 ｨｨ09ｨｰ0802ｨ 0502ｨｪｨｨ ｨｮｨｪ ｨ ｨｺ06ｨｪ ﾂｨｨ05ｨｨ09ｨｹ ｨｰ02ｨｬ, ﾂｨｰ06 01ｨｨｨｴｨｪｨｨｨｺｨ ｨｬ 09ｨｰｨ 0506 ｨｪ02 ﾂ02ｨｬ 07ｨｨｨｰｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｨｨｴ ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｰ ｨｴ ｨｪ06ｨｦ 0708ｨｨ ﾂｨｨｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｺ08ｨ 01ｨ ｨｮ050702ｨｨｨｦ ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｺ09ｨｰ02ｨｪ09ｨｨ09ｨｪ ｨｬ ｨｨ02 ｨｨ 09ｨｺ06ｨｰ ｨｰ ｨｺ ｨｨ090601ｨｨ05ｨｨ ｨｺ 07ｨｨｨｴ020904ｨｬ 06ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07ｨｬ ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪ0609, ｨｪ ｨｹ- toral farming and pasture rarely lead to the food poisoning of sakers. Pesticides and fertilizers have extensively used in intensive agricultural systems since 1970s. These chemical had significant effect for the raptor health by the food chain of vegetationprey-raptor. Owing to widespread plentiful use of rodenticides on grasslands and farmland, food poisoning becomes one of the main menaces to the Saker Falcon last year. 4. Weakness of management Another problem is the suffering of nature reserves in the Xinjiang region from lack of funding. For example, the Karamori Mountain Nature Reserve (18000 km 2, north Xinjiang) is the main distributing and breeding region of the Saker Falcon. Illegal hunters and traders often go free because forestry police do not have adequate funds to detect and investigate the cases properly. Many nature reserves in the west of China suffers from understaffed manager, especial professional technician, lacking fund and policeman, low-grade equipment have restricted to improvement of degree of management and executing the law. Discussion China is the cradle of traditional falconry culture and techniques and the history of Chinese hawking can be traced in the literature back to the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River valley around 1500 B.C.(Ye et al., 2002). Raptors were wide spread and numerous in the past thousands of years. But the Saker Falcon will be on the edge of extinction for next years. Since 1980s, the saker population has fleetly collapsed by suffering the influence of the following factors: habitat loss; illegal trade and conveyance; lack of quarry and food poisoning; weakness of management. In early 1990s, following increasing of international demand and lacking protection of the Saker Falcon large quantities of poacher swarmed into the west of China. Now the smuggling of falcons and illegal trade become the most serious reasons leading to population decline and the main threat to the survival of the Saker Falcon in Xinjiang. According to investigation of survival status of the Saker Falcon in Xinjiang, the following series of strategy can be concluded. 6ｦ1 To effective protect the resource of Saker Falco, the manager of wildlife must has the modern equipment of traffic and communication. At the same time, in order to

46 ｨｪｨ ｨｰ ｨｨｨｴｨｪｨｨｨｺｨｨ ｨｨ ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ 2007, ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｰ ｨｨｨｴｨｪｨｨｨｺ ｨｺ06ｨｬ ｨｦ09ｨｰ ｨｰｨ 05ｨｨ ｨ ｨｺｨｰｨｨ09ｨｪ ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪ07ｨｰｨｹ ｨｰｨｨ02ｨｨ0104 ｨｨ ｨｮ0106ｨ 0802ｨｪｨｨ07. 02ｨ ｨｪｨｪ ｨｨｨｬｨｨｨｺｨ ｨｰ04 06ｨｺｨ 04ｨ 05ｨｨ 04ｨｪｨ ﾂｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ ｨｨ07ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｪｨ ｨｰ0607ｨｪｨｨ ｨｮ050702ｨｨｨｦ 01ｨｨｨｴｨｪｨｨｨｺ0609 ﾂ ｨｨｨｴ0209ｨｮ ﾂｨｺｨｮ: 08ｨ 09ｨｰｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ ｨC ｨｰ09ｨ ｨC 01ｨｨｨｴｨｪｨｨｨｺ. 05ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｦ ｨｨ04-04ｨ 03ｨｨ0806ｨｺ ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ ｨｪｨｰｨｨ02ｨｨ ｨｪｨ 07ｨ 09ｨｰｨ ｨｨｨｴｨ 01 ｨｨ 07ｨ 0106ｨｰｨｪ0401 ｨｮ000601ｨｹ ｨｨｨｴ ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｨ ｨｪ0609ｨｪ0401 ｨｮ ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ090609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ06 ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｰｨｺｨｨ ｨ ｨｪ ｨｮ00ｨ ｨ 0502ｨｬｨ ｨｰ06ｨｨｨｰ 09 ｨｰ06ｨｬ, ﾂｨｰ06 04ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｺｨｨ 05ｨｨｨｪ020407ｨｪ07 09ｨｰ08ｨ 01ｨ 06ｨｰ 06ｨｰ ｨｪ ｨｰｨ ｨｰｨｺｨ ｨｰ09. 01ｨ 0708ｨｨｨｬ0208, ｨｪ04ｨｦ 04ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｺ 08ｨ 08ｨ ｨｬ0608ｨｨ (18000 ｨｺｨｬ 2, ｨｪ04ｨｦ 05ｨｨｨｪ020407ｨｪｨｹ) ｨC 0609ｨｪ0609ｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｨ06ｨｪ 08ｨ ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｨ 00ｨｪ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ ｨｰｨｪｨｨｨｺｨｨ ｨｨ ｨｰ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰ ｨｰｨ 06ｨｰ0907 ｨ 0204ｨｪｨ ｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｬｨｨ, 0706ｨｰ06ｨｬｨｮ ﾂｨｰ06 ｨｨｨｪ090702ｨｺｨｰ0608ｨ ｨｪ02 ｨｨｨｬ0206ｨｰ ｨｪ0206ｨ ｨｨｨｬ ｨｰ ｨ ｨｪｨ 08ｨｮ0302ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｨ 04ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨ 08ｨ ｨｺ06ｨｪｨｹ ｨ 0605ｨｹ03ｨｨｨｪ09ｨｰ ｨｨ080601ｨｪ ｨ ｨｰ ｨ 07ｨ 01ｨｪ ｨｨｨｰｨ 07 ｨｪ ｨ ｨｰｨ 02ｨｰ ｨｨｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨｰ0609, 00ｨｨｨｪｨ ｨｪ09ｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07, 0906ｨｰ08ｨｮ01ｨｪｨｨｨｺ ｨ ｨｪ04, ｨｮ09ｨｰｨ ｨ 0608ｨｮ010609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ﾂｨｨ09ｨ 02ｨｰ ｨｮ05ｨｮ ﾂ0302ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｨ ｨｮ09ｨｨ0502ｨｪｨｨ02 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04 ｨｺ06ｨｪｨｰ ｨ 09ｨｮ030102ｨｪｨｨ ｨｰ06ｨｺｨｨ 0906ｨｺ0605ｨｨｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｰ ｨ ｨｰ 09 08ｨｨｨｰｨ ｨｰ08ｨ 01ｨｨ02ｨｨｨｨ ｨｨ ｨｨ09ｨｰ0608ｨｨ07 ｨｨ ｨｰｨｪ ｨｪ02ｨｬ ｨｨ ｨｪｨｨ03ｨｪ02ｨｬ ｨｰ02 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ ｨｰ06ｨｦ 0802ｨｺｨｨ 06ｨｺ ｨｰ 0106 ｨｪ.05. (Ye et al., 2002). 09ｨｨｨｴｨｪｨｨｨｺｨｨ ｨ 0405ｨｨ 03ｨｨ0806ｨｺ06 08ｨ ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪ02ｨｪ04 ｨｨ ｨｬｨｪ ﾂｨｨ090502ｨｪｨｪ ｨｰ ﾂ020502ｨｰｨｨ ｨｪｨ 09ｨｰ0607ｨｴ ｨｬ07 ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪ 09ｨｺ ｨｺｨ 0302ｨｰ0907 ｨｪｨ 0008ｨ ｨｪｨｨ 0904ｨｬｨｨ08ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｮ050702ｨｨｨｨ ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨ ｨ ｨｪ ｨｰｨ ｨｺｨｨｨｬｨｨ 00ｨ ｨｺｨｰ0608ｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｺ ｨｪ ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪｨ 07 ｨｰ ｨｨ ｨｺ06ｨｪｨｰ08ｨ ｨ ｨ ｨｪ01ｨ, ｨｪ ｨｰｨ ｨｰ06ｨｺ 07ｨｨｨｴ ｨｮ ｨｨ 06ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07, ｨｪ ｨｰｨ ｨｰ06ｨｺ ｨ ｨｪ ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ ｨｨ04-04ｨ ｨｮ09ｨｨ0502ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｬ020301ｨｮｨｪｨ ｨｪ ｨ ｨｨ ｨｪ ｨｰｨ ｨｰ06 ﾂｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨ ｨｪ04 ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪ ｨｰ06ｨｺ ｨ 08ｨ ｨｺ06ｨｪｨｹ ｨｪｨｮ05 ｨｪｨ 04ｨ 07ｨ 01 08ｨｨｨｰｨ ｨｪｨ 09ｨｰ0607ｨｴ ｨｬ07 ｨｺ06ｨｪｨｰ08ｨ ｨ ｨ ｨｪ01ｨ 0906ｨｺ ｨｰｨ ｨｪ0609ｨｨｨｰ ｨ 09ｨｪ06ｨｦ 0708ｨｨ ﾂｨｨｨｪ06ｨｦ 0907ｨ 01ｨ ﾂｨｨ090502ｨｪｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｬ ｨｨ 09ｨｰｨ 05ｨ 0609ｨｪ0609ｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｮ ｨｦ 09ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ090609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 05ｨｰ ｨｺ0605ｨ 09 05ｨｨｨｪ020407ｨｪ ｨｮ05ｨｹｨｰｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｬ ｨｪｨｪ0401 ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｦ ｨｬ0603ｨｪ ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｮ06ｨｴ ｨ ｨｺ0506 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ02. 6ｦ ｨｺｨｰｨｨ09ｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨ ｨｪ04 ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｺ ｨｮ0809ｨ ｨｨｨｪ090702ｨｺｨｰ0608ｨ ｨ ｨｪ ｨｨ ｨｪ04 ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｰｨｹ ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｪ ｨ 0608ｨｮ010609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｰ ｨｬ07, ｨｺ06ｨｪｨｰ ｨｪｨ 01 ｨｺ06ｨｪｨｰ08ｨ ｨ ｨ ｨｪ0106ｨｦ 0906ｨｰ08ｨｮ01ｨｪｨｨｨｺｨｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｬ0603ｨｪｨｨ ｨｨ 0108ｨｮ00ｨｨ ｨｬ09ｨｰ ｨｪ04 ｨｮ09ｨｨ05ｨｨｨｰｨｹ ｨｬ ｨｺ02 05ｨｺ ｨｰｨｨ08ｨｮ02ｨｬ0401 ｨｰ0609ｨ supervise the smuggling of raptors officials of customs and other departments which deal with export should strengthen check on merchandise. 6ｦ1 Rescue station and iatrical establishment should be built in Xinjiang by Ministry of Forestry or interrelated branch. The similar rescue station for raptors has already been set up in Beijing. 6ｦ1 Based on a living habit of raptors artificial nests and perches should be set up in the Saker home range. Those measures not only provide favorable habitat but ensure successful breeding to Saker Falco. In long run, implement of those measures may effective control on local mouse plague in a certain extent. 6ｦ1 Domestication and artificial breeding of Saker is outstanding mode to relieve the pressure of supply and demand also effective manner to control on decreasing of population. 6ｦ1 Many local residents have no knowledge of wildlife conservation, to conserve wildlife in Xinjiang, there is a need to improve the park officers ｯ ability to efficiently patrol and guard the park, and to educate local residents about wildlife conservation. 6ｦ1 Penalty is too low and difficult to apply in practice. There is a need to revise the state protection list because the conservation status of Saker Falco has changed in past decades. To better protect the Saker Falcon resource, on the one hand, further study on breeding biology and population dynamics should be put in practice in west China. On the other hand, Ministry of Forestry and interrelated branch should take effective measures to decrease the heavy press on the Saker Falcon surviving. The implement of effective measures won ｯt only alleviate local mouse plague but also maintain the weak environment of desert. Acknowledgements This project is funded by the Falcon Research Institute (FRI), the Environmental Research and Wildlife Development Agency (ERWDA), National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC), the Xinjiang Conservation Fund (XCF) and WWF-China. We are grateful to the following people participated in the project: Dr. Nicholas C. Fox and Dr. Andrew Dixon (UK), Mr. Dimitar Ragyov and Ivaylo Angelov (Bulgaria), Istvan Balazs (Hungaria).

47 13Raptors Conservation Raptors Conservation 2007, ｦ1 00ｨｨｨｪｨｨ09ｨｰ020809ｨｰ ｨｪ ｨｦ09ｨｰ09ｨ ｨｨ05ｨｨ 09ｨｬ0203ｨｪ ｨｬ09ｨｰ09ｨ ｨｪ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ040609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 09 05ｨｨｨｪ020407ｨｪ02 07ｨｮｨｪｨｺｨｰ ｨｺ02 ｨｨ ｨｮ09ｨｺｨｮ ｨｺ06ｨｪ00ｨｨ09ｨｺ0609ｨ ｨｪｨｪ ｨｺ ｨ ｨｪ ｨｮｨｪｨｺｨｰ04 ｨｮ ｨｮｨｪｨｺ02ｨｨ06ｨｪｨｨ08ｨｮ06ｨｰ ｨｦ0103ｨｨｨｪ02. 6ｦ1 00 ｨ 0802ｨ 0502 ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ 09 00ｨｪ ｨｨ000601ｨｪ0401 ｨ ｨｨ06ｨｰ0607ｨ 01 ｨｪ0206ｨ ｨｨｨｬ06 ｨｮ09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ0609ｨｨｨｰｨｹ 00ｨｪ ｨ ｨｰ000608ｨｬ04 ｨｨ 0708ｨｨ09ｨ ｨｰｨｨ ｨｬ ｨｪ02 ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ ｨ 01ｨｮｨｰ ｨ 05ｨ ｨｨ07ｨｰｨｪｨｮ ｨｮ ｨ ｨｨｨｰｨ ｨｪｨｨ07, ｨｪ06 ｨｨ 06ｨ ﾂｨ ｨｰ ｨｮ ｨｪ ｨ 04ｨｬｨｪ060302ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｺｨｰｨｨ ｨｪ ｨｪｨｨ02 05ｨｰｨｨ01 ｨｬ ｨｬ060302ｨｰ ｨｺｨｰｨｨ09ｨｪ06 ｨｺ06ｨｪｨｰ080605ｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｺｨｨ ﾂｨｨ090502ｨｪｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ ｨｮｨｪ0609 ｨｪｨ 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0401 ｨｰ020808ｨｨｨｰ0608ｨｨ ｦ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ04ｨ 02ｨｨ07 07ｨｨｨｰ06ｨｬｨｪｨｨｨｺ0609 ｨｨ 08ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪ ｨｪ ｨC 02ｨｴ ｨｨｨｪ ｨ 09ｨｪｨｨ0302ｨｪｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ 01ｨｨｨｺｨｨ ｨｮ050702ｨｨｨｨ ｨｨ ｨｺ06ｨｪｨｰ ｨｪｨ 01 ｨｪｨｨｨｬｨｨ. 6ｦ1 0705ｨｮ ﾂ0302ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｨｨｪ000608ｨｬｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ 09 05ｨｨｨｪ020407ｨｪ02 ｨｬ0209ｨｰｨｪ ｨｪｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｨ ｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｪ ｨｨ ｨ 0502ｨｬ ｨ ｨｪ ｨｨ , ｨ ｨｪｨｨ04ｨ 02ｨｨ07 06ｨ ｨｮ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｬ0209ｨｰｨｪ0401 ｨｨｨｪ090702ｨｺｨｰ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｺｨｰｨｨ09ｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ ｨ ｨｪ04. 6ｦ ｨｨ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ02 03ｨｰ08ｨ , 08ｨ 04ｨｬ0208 ｨｺ06ｨｰ ｨｦ ﾂｨ 09 ｨｬｨｨ040208ｨｪ04ｨｦ ｨｬ06ｨｰ ｨｨ09ｨｺｨ ｨ ｨｪ0702ｨｬ ｨｨ010609, ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺｨｮ 09ｨｰｨ ｨｰｨｮ09 ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ 09ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ06 ｨｨ04ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｰｨｨ0502ｨｰｨｨ ｨｪ06ｨｦ 09ｨｰ060806ｨｪ ｨｮ05ｨｮ ﾂ0302ｨｪｨｨ ｨ ｨｪ04 ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ 09 04ｨ 07ｨ 01ｨｪ06ｨｬ 08ｨｨｨｰｨ ｨｪ06 ｨ 04ｨｰｨｹ ｨｪ ｨ ｨｺｨｰｨｨｨｺｨｮ 01ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ02ｨｦ ｨｨ04ｨｮ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ02 00ｨｪ ｨｦ ｨ ｨｨ ｨｨｨｨ ｨｨ 01ｨｨｨｪｨ ｨｬｨｨｨｺｨｨ ｨｮ050702ｨｨｨｦ ｨｮ0006ｨｦ 09ｨｰ060806ｨｪ04, 00ｨｨｨｪｨｨ09ｨｰ020809ｨｰ ｨｪ ｨｦ09ｨｰ09ｨ ｨｨ 09ｨｬ0203ｨｪ ｨｬ09ｨｰ09ｨ ｨｪ ｨｨｨｪｨｨｨｬｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｬ ｨｪｨｨ0302ｨｪｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｮ050702ｨｨｨｨ ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ. 00ｨｪ ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｰｨ ｨｺｨｨ01 ｨｬ0208 ｨｪ02 ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 ｨｮｨｬ02ｨｪｨｹ03ｨｨｨｰ ｨｺｨｨ ﾂｨｨ090502ｨｪｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ ｨｮｨｪ0609, ｨｪ06 ｨｨ ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ ｨ 09ｨｰ090609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ06 ｨｮ09ｨｰ06ｨｦ ﾂｨｨ090609ｨｰｨｨ 07ｨｮ09ｨｰ04ｨｪｨｪ ｨｺ0609ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ. 0905ｨ ｨ 08ｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ 02ｨ ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ ｨｺｨｰ 0609ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ090502ｨｪ 0708ｨｨ 00ｨｨｨｪｨ ｨｪ ｨｦ ｨｺ02 06ｨｪ09ｨｰｨｨｨｰｨｮｨｰｨ ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｺ (FRI), ｨｪｨｰ09ｨｰ09ｨ ｨ ｨｪ02 06ｨｺ08ｨｮ03ｨ 06ｨｴ02ｨｦ (ERWDA), 01ｨ 02ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ ｨｪ01ｨ 0209ｨｰ0209ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ0401 ｨｪｨ ｨｮｨｺ 08ｨｨｨｰｨ 07 (NSFC), 0806ｨｪ01ｨ ｨ ｨｪ ｨｨ ｨｨｨｪ020407ｨｪ07 (XCF) ｨｨ ｨｨｨｰｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0302 ｨ 05ｨ ｨ 08ｨｨｨｬ 04ｨ ｨｮ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｨ ｨｺｨｰ ｨｺ09ｨ, ｨｨｨｺ0906ｨｪｨ (000205ｨｨｨｺ06ｨ 08ｨｨｨｰｨ ｨｪｨｨ07), ｨ ｨ, ｨｪ ｨ ( ｨ 08ｨｨ07) ｨｨ ｨ 05ｨ 0409ｨ (0002ｨｪ0008ｨｨ07). References Li Y.M., Gao Z.X., Li X.H., Wang S, Niemel A.J. Illegal wildlife trade in the Himalayan region of China. ｨC Biodiversity and Conservation P. 901ｨC918. Ma M. Saker smugglers target western China. ｨC Oriental Bird Club Bulletin P.17. Ma M. Recent data on Saker smuggling In China. ｨC Falco P. 17ｨC18. Wang Z.M. Conservation and management of Saker Falcon in China. ｨC Proceedings of the II International Conference on the Saker Falcon and Houbara Bustard, Ulaanbaatar, 1ｨC4 July P. 196ｨC201. Ye X.D., Chang R., Fox N. The history of falconry in China. ｨC Falco P. 13. Ye X.D., Ma M. China ｨC Falco P. 5ｨC ｨｬｨｪ04ｨｦ ｨｹ0208, ｨｰ080602ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ ｨ 08ｨｰｨ ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｰ06ｨｬ ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪ ｨｰ06 00ｨ 00ｨｨｨｪ00 The big cage was built in the breeding center by the Forest Department for the reproductive Saker in Photo by MaMing

48 ｨｪｨ ｨｰ ｨｨｨｴｨｪｨｨｨｺｨｨ ｨｨ ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ 2007, ｨｮ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｰ ｨｨｨｴｨｪｨｨｨｺ0609 Raptors1 7 Research ｧｪｧｩｧｵｧｹｧｦｧｯｧｪｧｦ1 7ｧｱｧｦｧｲｧｯｧ ｧｴｧｽｧｷ1 7ｧｷｧｪｧｻｧｯｧｪｧｬｧｰｧ The1 7Saker1 7Falcon1 7in1 7pine1 7forests1 7of1 7north-eastern1 7Kazakhstan ｧ ｧ ｧｭｧｰｧ ｧ ｧｯ1 7ｧ 1 7ｧ ｧｰｧｲｧ ｧｷ1 7ｧｳｧｦｧ ｧｦｧｲｧｰ-ｧ ｧｰｧｳｧｴｧｰｧｹｧｯｧｰｧ ｧｰ1 7ｧｬｧ ｧｩｧ ｧｷｧｳｧｴｧ ｧｯｧ A.1 7Levin1 7(Institute1 7of1 7Zoology,1 7Ministry1 7of1 7Education1 7and1 7Sciences,1 7Almaty,1 7Kazakhstan) S.1 7Shmigalev1 7(Bird1 7Conservation1 7Union1 7of1 7Kazakhstan) A.1 7Dixon1 7(Wildlife1 7International1 7Consultants1 7Ltd.,1 7UK) T.1 7Kunka1 7(Volunteer,1 7Czech1 7Republic) ｧ.1 7ｧｭｧﾖｧﾓｧﾚｧﾟ1 7(ｧｪｧﾟｧ罘荅ﾚｧ舮1 7ｧ舮1 7ｧﾙｧ爰爰ﾝｧ焙1 7ｧﾚｧﾚ,1 7ｧｮｧﾚｧﾟｧﾚｧ罘荅ﾖｧ筴罘荅ﾓｧ焙1 7ｧ爰ﾒｧ筴ﾑｧﾙｧ爰ﾓｧﾑｧﾟｧﾚｧ1 7ｧﾚ1 7ｧﾟｧﾑ1 71 7ｧﾚ,1 7ｧ ｧﾝｧﾞｧﾑｧ荅, ｧｬｧﾑｧﾙｧﾑｧ遘罘荅ﾑｧﾟ) ｧｳ.1 7ｧｺｧﾞｧ1 7ｧﾑｧﾝｧﾗｧﾓ1 7(ｧｳｧ爰ｧﾙ1 7ｧ爰遘筴ﾑｧﾟｧ1 7ｧ皎荅ﾚｧ閼1 7ｧｬｧﾑｧﾙｧﾑｧ遘罘荅ﾑｧﾟｧﾑ) A.1 7ｧ ｧﾚ1 7ｧ罘爰ﾟ1 7(ｧｮｧﾖｧﾘｧﾕ1 7ｧﾟｧﾑｧ筴爰ﾕｧﾟｧﾑｧ1 71 7ｧ爰ﾟｧ繖1 7ｧﾝｧｧ荅ﾑｧ荅ﾚｧﾓｧﾟｧﾑｧ1 71 7ｧ邃1 7ｧ皎皎ﾑ1 7ｧ皎焙1 7ｧﾘｧﾚｧﾓｧ爰荅ﾟｧ爰ﾞ1 71 7ｧﾞｧﾚｧ邃1 7, ｧ ｧﾖｧﾝｧﾚ1 7ｧ爰ﾒｧ筴ﾚｧ荅ﾑｧﾟｧﾚｧ) ｧｴ.1 7ｧｬ1 7ｧﾟ1 7ｧﾑ1 7(ｧ ｧ爰ﾝｧ爰ﾟｧ荅ﾗｧ,1 7ｧｲｧﾖｧ罘痲1 7ｧﾒｧﾝｧﾚ1 7ｧﾑ1 7ｧｹｧﾖｧ遘ﾚｧ) 0806ｨｪｨｰｨ ｨｺｨｰ: 08ｨｪｨ ｨｰ0605ｨｨｨｦ ｨｨｨｪ 09ｨ ｨ 0608ｨ ｨｰ0608ｨｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｰ ｨｨｨｨ 06ｨｪ09ｨｰｨｨｨｰｨｮｨｰ ｨｨｨｨ 00ｨｨｨｪｨｨ09ｨｰ020809ｨｰ09ｨ 06ｨ 08ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｮｨｺｨｨ 08ｨ 04ｨ 0109ｨｰｨ ｨｪｨ 08ｨ 04ｨ 0109ｨｰｨ ｨｪ ｨｬｨ ｨｰ04 08ｨｺｨ 0102ｨｬ ｨｺ ｨｮ ｨｹ-08ｨ 08ｨ ｨ ｨｨ, 93 ｨｰ0205.: +7 (3272) ｨ ｨｺ09: +7 (3272) inst.zoo@nursat.kz levin_saker@nursat.kz Contact: Anatoliy Levin Laboratory of Ornithology Institute of Zoology Al-Faraby str., 93 Akademgorodok Almaty Kazakhstan tel.: +7 (3272) fax: +7 (3272) inst.zoo@nursat.kz levin_saker@nursat.kz ｨｪｨｨ ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ ｨｬ ｨ 04ｨ 0109ｨｰｨ ｨｪ02 ｨ 09ｨｨ00ｨ ｨｮｨｪｨｨ09ｨｰｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨ02 ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨ ｨｺｨｰｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨ ｨｪ02 04ｨ ｨｰ08ｨ 00ｨｨ09ｨ 05ｨｨ ｨｰ06 ﾂｨｪ06ｨｦ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｨ 09ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪ04 ( ｨｮ03ｨｨｨｪ, 1960) ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｰ ｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ ｨｪｨｨｨｰ ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺ ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 05ｨｰ ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ 08ｨ 04ｨ 0109ｨｰｨ ｨｪｨ ｨ ｨｪ ｨｰ08ｨｮ01ｨｪｨｨｨｺｨ ｨｬｨｨ 06ｨｪ09ｨｰｨｨｨｰｨｮｨｰｨ ｨｨｨｨ 01ｨ 02ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ06ｨｦ 08ｨｺｨ 0102ｨｬｨｨｨｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｮｨｺ 09 ｨｨ06ｨｪ ( ｨ 08ｨｹ, ｨｺ0609, 1993) ｨ ｨ 0809ｨｺ06ｨｬ 0308ｨｨｨｨ08ｨｰ0403ｨｹ02 ｨｪｨ ｨｬｨ ｨｮｨｰ ｨｺｨｬ 09 08ｨ 0405ｨｨ ﾂｨｪ0401 ｨ ｨｨ06ｨｰ0607ｨ 01 (06ｨｰｨｺ0804ｨｰ ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪ09ｨｰ09ｨ, ｨ, ｨ ) ｨ ｨ ｨｨ09ｨｰ08ｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪ ｨｨ ｨｰｨｨ ｨｨ 0609ｨｬ06ｨｰ ｨｪ ｨ ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪ (Falco cherrug) ｨ ｨｰｨｬ02 ﾂ02ｨｪ 0109ｨ : 00ｨｪ ｨｴｨｨｨｬｨｨ ｨｰ02ｨｪ02ｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｦ0102ｨｪ06 10 ｨｨ06ｨｪ ｨ ｨｦ06ｨｪ ｨｺｨ 0504, ｨｨ 0601ｨｨｨｪ06 ﾂｨｪｨｮ ｨ ｨｹ 09ｨｨ010205ｨｨ ｨｮ ﾁ02ｨｺｨ ｨｨ09ｨｺ ｨｰ0802 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｪ ｨｰｨｨ02 ｨ 09ｨｰ ｨｪ ｨｨ ｨｰ ｨｬ0600ｨｨ05ｨｹｨｪｨｨｨｺｨ (Aquila heliaca), ｨｴ ｨｪｨ ｨｨｨ ｨ 04 ﾂｨｪ06ｨｦ 01ｨｨｨｴｨｪ06ｨｦ 07ｨｰｨｨ0202ｨｦ ｨ ｨ ｨｰｨｺｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｮ ﾂ00ｨｰｨ 01ｨｨｨｴｨｪ ｨｰｨｨ ｨｰ080609ｨｪ0401 ｨｨ 0502ｨｪｨｰ06 ﾂｨｪ ｨｪ ｨ 01 03ｨ ｨ 0809ｨｺ06ｨｦ ｨｨ ｨｰ06 ﾂｨｪ06-08ｨ 04ｨ 0109ｨｰｨ ｨｪ09ｨｺ06ｨｦ 06ｨ 05ｨ 09ｨｰ02ｨｦ ｨ 0405ｨ ｨｨｨｪ07ｨｰｨ ｨｬ0209ｨｰｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｺｨ 04ｨ 0109ｨｰｨ ｨｪ09ｨｺ ｨｨｨｦ09ｨｺ06ｨｦ 05ｨｺ ｨｨ02ｨｨ02ｨｦ ｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨ ｨｨ ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰ ｨｬｨ ｨ 0608ｨ ｨｰ06 ﾂｨｪ ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ 09ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪ04 ｨ 0405ｨｨ 06ｨｰｨｬ02 ﾂ02ｨｪ ｨｨ ｨｪ0209ｨｪ ｨｨｨｴｨｪ ｨｰｨｨ02, ｨｪｨ ｨｦ0102ｨｪ04 ｨｨ 04ｨ ｨｺｨ 08ｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪ04 00ｨｪ000401ｨ ｨ 0605ｨｹ03ｨｨｨｪ09ｨｰ09ｨ ｨｨ04 ｨｪｨｨ ｨｪ0609ｨｪ ｨｪｨｨｨｬｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨ ｨｮ ｨｪ ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ ｨｨ00ｨｨｨｺｨｨ 08ｨ ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨ ｨ Under the project 00Saker Falcon in Central Asia03 we visited pine forests in north-eastern Kazakhstan since 20 April to 17 May We moved by vehicle along the edge of forest on the distance 100ｨC300 m and stopped between every 2ｨC3 km for observing the largest trees through a telescope and finding nests of raptors. Locations of found nests we identified with GPS Garmin 72. After that all new data included in the database in GIS. A total of route length along forests in the Pavlodar and Vostochno-Kazakhstankaya districts was 1485 km. We found 10 nests of the Saker Falcon (Falco cherrug), 31 nests of the Imperial Eagle (Aquila heliaca), 3 nests of the Goshawk (Accipiter gentilis) and a nest of the Shorttoed Eagle (Circaetus gallicus) during 2 weeks since 24 April. For distinguishing the clutch size and approximate dates of breeding period we checked one nest where found 5 eggs on 26 April. From two nests that had been found in 2005 the first nest was empty, the second was destroyed (the nesting pine was sawed down by woodcutters). During our work since 8 to 17 May in pine forests in the Semipalatinsk district we found 4 nests of the Imperial Eagle, 3 nests of the Saker Falcon and the Goshawk each, 2 nests of the Booted Eagle (Hieraaetus pennatus) and per a nest of the Great Spotted Eagle (Aquila clanga) and Eagle Owl (Bubo bubo) each. The distance between two nests of Sakers that were found on 8 May was 3.48 km.

49 13Raptors Research Raptors Conservation 2007, ｨｨ07ｨｨ ﾂｨｪ ｨｪ ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ (Falco cherrug) ｨｰ0806ｨｦｨｺ02 ｨｬ0600ｨｨ05ｨｹｨｪｨｨｨｺｨ (Aquila heliaca). 0806ｨｰ ｨｨｨｪｨ The typical nest of the Saker Falcon (Falco cherrug) placed in an old nest of the Imperial Eagle (Aquila heliaca). Photo by A. Levin ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｨ 0706ｨｨ09ｨｺｨｮ ｨｪ ｨ ｨｬｨ ｨｮｨｰ ｨｨ09ｨｰ08ｨｨ080609ｨ 05ｨｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｺ ｨｪ ｨｰ020808ｨｨｨｰ0608ｨｨｨｨ ｨｬ0600ｨｨ05ｨｹｨｪｨｨｨｺｨ, ｨｴ ｨｪ0609ｨｪ04ｨｬ ｨｰｨ 09ｨｴｨｨｨｺ06ｨｬ 00ｨｪ ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ. 05ｨ ｨｮｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ ｨｨ0601 ｨ ｨｪ ｨｪ ｨｰ020808ｨｨｨｰ0608ｨｨｨｦ ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ, ｨｪｨ ｨｺ06ｨｰ ｨｪｨ ｨｦ0102ｨｪ ｨｨ ｨｪ ｨｬｨｨ ｨｨ04 ｨｪｨｨ01 07ｨｰｨｨ ｨｨ010205ｨｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｺ05ｨ 01ｨｺｨ 01, ｨｨ 09 ｨｰ ｨ 0405ｨｨ 07ｨｰ02ｨｪ ｨｬ02 ｨｰ060006, 04ｨ ｨｬ07 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰ04 09 We surveyed the eastern forest belt and a forest part from Russian border to the Irtysh river since 11 to 17 May. The total length of circle route around that forests was 321 km. The single nest of the Saker Falcon with hatching bird was found on 16 May near Zhernovka village. The Imperial Eagle was a rare species too for that region ｨC we found only 2 nests for a week. From two nests that had been checked last year and located along our route one nest was occupied by the Imperial Eagle another nest was with the signs of occupancy but empty at the moment of visiting. On the southern edge of forest along the Irtysh river flood-lands we didn ｯt fine nests of Sakers and Imperial Eagles but a lot of the Black Kite (Milvus migrans) were registered breeding there. In spite of forests of the Pavlodar and Semipalatinsk districts were established as protected areas, now they are exploited actively by forest industry. Following the resolutions of the Forest and Hunting Management Committee forest services regularly carry out sanitary logging of trees more than 100 years old. As a result perennial nests of large raptors located on such trees are regularly destroyed and a number of old trees suitable for nesting are decreasing. There are also premeditated arsons of fragments of old aged forest. Under such conditions for protection of large raptors the Forest and Hunting Management Committee of the Republic of Kazakhstan should realize in cooperation with ornithologists the scientific program on mapping and following monitoring inhabit places of species that were included in the Red Data Book of Kazakhstan and International list of global endangered species. And forest services are important to control the population conditions of that birds themselves under the managing of specialists of the Institute of Zoology. The authors are grateful to the management of ERWDA and the project-leader Nick Fox for scientific, financing and technical support. Authors thank Igor Karyakin and Timofey Barabashin for methodical help and information about nest location of the Saker Falcon and other raptors that they found in the forest-steppe zone in Kazakhstan. 04ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨ ｨｺｨｰｨｨ09ｨｪ ｨｪ ｨｬ0600ｨｨ05ｨｹｨｪｨｨｨｺｨ (Aquila heliaca) ｨｨ ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ (Falco cherrug) 09 ｨ 0608ｨ ｨｰ06 ﾂｨｪ ｨ 04ｨ 0109ｨｰｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｨ Fig. 1. Distribution active nests of the Imperial Eagle (Aquila heliaca) and Saker Falcon (Falco cherrug) in pineforests of north-eastern Kazakhstan in 2005 and 2006

50 ｨｪｨ ｨｰ ｨｨｨｴｨｪｨｨｨｺｨｨ ｨｨ ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ 2007, ｨｮ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｰ ｨｨｨｴｨｪｨｨｨｺ ｨ 01ｨｺｨ ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ 09 09ｨｰｨ 0806ｨｬ 00ｨｪ ｨｬ0600ｨｨ05ｨｹｨｪｨｨｨｺｨ. 0806ｨｰ ｨｨｨｺ0906ｨｪｨ Clutch of Saker Falcon in an old Imperial Eagle nest. Photo by A. Dixon ｨ 01 ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ 08ｨｮ0302ｨｪ ｨｪ ｨｰ020808ｨｨｨｰ0608ｨｨｨｦ ｨｬ0600ｨｨ05ｨｹｨｪｨｨｨｺｨ ｨｨ0504ｨｬｨｨ 00ｨｪ020401ｨ ｨｬｨｨ (08ｨ 0807ｨｺｨｨｨｪ ｨｨ 0108., 2005; 08ｨ ｨｨ 0108., 2006) ｨ ｨｨ02ｨｨｨｰｨ ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｨ ｨｮ01ｨ ｨｹ 06ｨ ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 05ｨｨ03ｨｹ ｨ 03ｨ ｨ 0809ｨｺ06ｨｦ 06ｨ 05ｨ 09ｨｰｨｨ, 09 ｨｰ ｨｬ07 ｨｺｨ ｨｺ ｨｪｨ ｨｨｨ ｨｺ08ｨｮ07ｨｪ ｨｪ0402 ｨｬｨ 0909ｨｨ ｨ ｨ 00ｨ 06ｨｰ ｨｰ06 ﾂｨｪ06-08ｨ 04ｨ 0109ｨｰｨ ｨｪ09ｨｺ06ｨｦ 06ｨ 05ｨ 09ｨｰｨｨ ｨ 0608ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ ｨｬｨ ｨｰ0208ｨｨｨ 05ｨ ｨ ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ06 ｨｨ ﾂｨｨ090502ｨｪｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ 09 03ｨ ｨ 0809ｨｺ06ｨｦ 06ｨ 05ｨ 09ｨｰｨｨ, ｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｺ ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ07 09ｨｨｨｰｨｮｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ 09 ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪ06ｨｬ ｨｨ 0108ｨｮ00ｨｨｨｬｨｨ 01ｨｨｨｴｨｪ04ｨｬｨｨ 07ｨｰｨｨ02ｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨｬｨｨ07ｨ 05ｨ ｨｰｨｨｨｪ09ｨｺｨｨ ｨ ｨｰ06ｨｰ ｨｨ06ｨｪ ｨ 0405ｨ 0609ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ090502ｨｪｨ ｨｰ0608ｨｪｨ 07 05ｨｺ ｨｨ02ｨｨ07 (08ｨｨ09. 1). 00ｨ ｨｰ0208ｨｨｨ 05 ｨｨ ｨｬ02ｨｰ0601ｨｨｨｺｨ 06ｨｺ ｨｨ02ｨｨ ｨｨ05ｨ ｨｨ ｨ ｨｬｨ ｨ ｨｬｨｺｨ ｨｺｨｰｨ 0009ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪ ｨｪｨｰ08ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ06ｨｦ 0804ｨｨｨｨ ｨｪ0609ｨｪ ｨｨ 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ ｨｰｨ 07ｨ ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰ: ｨｨ04ｨｮ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ02 08ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｨ ｨｪｨｺｨ ﾂｨｨ090502ｨｪｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｪ ｨ ｨｪ ｨｨ ｨｰ06 ﾂｨｪ ｨ 04ｨ 0109ｨｰｨ ｨｪｨ ; ｨｬ06ｨｪｨｨｨｰ0608ｨｨｨｪ00 00ｨｪ ｨｰ020808ｨｨｨｰ0608ｨｨｨｦ ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｨ ｨｬ0600ｨｨ05ｨｹｨｪｨｨｨｺｨ, 06ｨ ｨｪｨ 08ｨｮ0302ｨｪｨｪ ｨ ｨｨ 0706ｨｨ09ｨｺ02 00ｨｪ ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪ0705ｨｨ ｨｬ02ｨｰ0601ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨ ｨｨ00ｨｬ04, 04ｨ ｨｨｨｬ09ｨｰ090609ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0402 ｨｮ ｨｨｨｦ09ｨｺｨｨ01 ｨｮ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｪｨｨｨｺ ｨｺ ｨｨ02ｨｨｨｨ (08ｨ 0807ｨｺｨｨｨｪ ｨｨ 0108., 2005) ｨ 0608ｨ ｨｮ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｺ ｨ, ｨｴｨｨ ｨｪ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｨ 0906ｨｺ , ｨｨ ｨｹ040609ｨ 05ｨｨ ｨｺ0609ｨｬｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨ02 09ｨｪｨｨｨｬｨｺｨｨ, ｨ 06ｨｴｨｨ ｨ 09ｨｰ, ｨｰｨｨ07 ｨｨ 09ｨｰ08ｨｮｨｺｨｰｨｮ08ｨｮ ｨ. 0209ｨｨ00ｨ 0709ｨｹ ｨｪｨ ｨ 09ｨｰ06ｨｬ06ｨ ｨｨ ｨｹ ｨｺ0806ｨｬｨｺｨｨ ｨｪｨ 08ｨ 0909ｨｰ0607ｨｪｨｨｨｨ 100ｨC300 ｨｬ, 0609ｨｰｨ ｨｪｨ 0905ｨｨ09ｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨｹ ｨｺｨ ｨC3 ｨｺｨｬ ｨｨ 09 ｨｰ ｨｺ ｨｬｨ ｨｰ08ｨｨ09ｨ 05ｨｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｨｨ ｨｺ08ｨｮ07ｨｪ ｨｹ ﾂｨｪ ｨ 00ｨｨ- ﾂ0209ｨｺ ｨｪｨｨ02 06ｨ ｨｪｨ 08ｨｮ0302ｨｪｨｪ ｨｪ ｨｨｨｺ09ｨｨ080609ｨ 05ｨｨ ｨｬ06ｨｴｨｹ ｨｪｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ ｨｮｨｰｨｪｨｨｨｺ ｨｪｨ 09ｨｨ00ｨ ｨｰ0608ｨ Garmin ｨｮ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｪｨｮ06 04ｨ 0102ｨｪｨｹ ｨｨｨｪ000608ｨｬｨ 02ｨｨ06 09ｨｪ0609ｨｨ05ｨｨ ｨｰｨｨ02, ｨｬ0209ｨｰｨ 08ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 00ｨｪ ｨｨ ｨｨ ｨｨｨｬ ｨｪｨｨｨｬｨ 05ｨｨ ｨｪｨ 02ｨｨ ｨｮ06 ｨｺｨ ｨｬ0208ｨｮ Nikon Coolpix ｨｨｨｪｨ ｨｬｨ ｨｮｨｰｨ ｨ ｨｬ 03ｨ ｨ 0809ｨｺ06ｨｦ ｨｨ ｨｰ06 ﾂｨｪ06-08ｨ 04ｨ 0109ｨｰｨ ｨｪ09ｨｺ06ｨｦ 06ｨ 05ｨ 09ｨｰ02ｨｦ ｨｰｨ 09ｨｨ05ｨ 1485 ｨｺｨｬ ｨｪｨ 04ｨｪｨ ｨｺ06ｨｬ09ｨｰ ｨｪ04ｨｬｨｨ ｨｬｨ 0909ｨｨ09ｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨ ｨ ｨｰ08ｨ ﾂ02ｨｪ06 4 ｨｪ ｨｨ ｨ 09ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ ｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｪ ｨｦ ｨｮｨｴｨｨｨｦ ｨｪ. 01ｨ ｨｨｨ 0605ｨｹ ｨｪｨｨｨｬｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨ ｨｮ ｨｪ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ0903ｨｨｨｬ ｨｰ ｨ ｨ ｨｬｨｺｨ ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ 09 00ｨｪ ｨｰ ｨｮｨｪｨｺｨ A female of the Saker Falcon in the nest. Photo by T. Kunk ｨｮ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｺｨ ｨｬ 09ｨｰｨ ｨ, ｨｨｨｬ0206ｨｴｨｨｨｬ ｨ 0302ｨｪｨｪｨｮ06 ｨｺ0806ｨｬｨｺｨｮ ｨｨ 0008ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ﾂｨ ｨｴｨｨｨｬ ｨｪｨ - ﾂｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ04ｨｬｨｨ 06ｨｰｨｺ0804ｨｰ04ｨｬｨｨ ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪ09ｨｰ09ｨ ｨｬｨｨ. 06ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｪ06 ｨｪｨ 0106ｨｬｨｨｨｪｨｨ08ｨｮ06ｨｴｨｨ01 09ｨｰｨ ｨ 09ｨｰｨｪ ｨｪｨ 01, 09ｨｰ0607ｨｴｨｨ01 ｨｪｨ 0607ｨｮ03ｨｺ ｨ, ｨｬ0600ｨｨ05ｨｹｨｪｨｨｨｺｨｨ 06ｨ 04 ﾂｨｪ06 09ｨｰ080607ｨｰ ｨｨ 00ｨｪ000401ｨ. 0207ｨｮ03ｨｺｨｨ ｨ ｨｰｨ 0804ｨｬｨｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨｮ ｨｰ ｨｰ ｨｨ 0706ｨｰ0802ｨ ｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪ0609, 00ｨｪ ｨｴｨｨ ｨｰ0806ｨｦｨｺｨ 01 ｨｬ0600ｨｨ05ｨｹｨｪｨｨｨｺｨ ｨｨ ｨｰ07ｨｴｨｨ ｨｪｨ 06ｨｰｨｺ0804ｨｰ ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪ09ｨｰ09ｨ ｨ ｨｬｨ 07 ｨｪｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨ 0405ｨｨ 06ｨ ｨ ｨｪ ｨｪ0402 ｨｬｨ 0909ｨｨ ｨ 0501ｨ ｨｦ09ｨｺ ｨｪｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｰ09ｨ ｨC ｨｪｨ ｨｨｨ ｨｺ08ｨｮ07ｨｪ0402 ｨ ｨ ｨ 0809ｨｺ06ｨｦ 06ｨ 05ｨ 09ｨｰｨｨ ｨｬ06ｨｰ0807 ｨｪｨ ｨｰ06, ﾂｨｰ ｨ 04ｨｪ ｨｬ07 06ｨｪｨｨ ｨｰ08ｨ 01ｨ 05ｨｨ 06ｨｰ ｨ , 09 ｨｪｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ05ｨｨ09ｨｹ ｨｮ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｺｨｨ 09ｨｰｨ ｨ ｨ 0302ｨｪｨｪ06ｨｦ 0607ｨｮ03ｨｺ06ｨｦ, 0008ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ﾂｨ ｨｴｨｨ ｨｪｨ ﾂｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ04ｨｬｨｨ ｨｴｨ 01ｨｨ 09ｨｰ0207ｨｪ04ｨｬｨｨ ｨｮ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｺｨ ｨｬｨｨ. 0102ｨｺ06ｨｰ ｨｨ04 05ｨｰｨｨ01 ｨｮ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｺ ｨｺｨ ｨｦｨｬ0502ｨｪ ｨ 01ｨｺｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨｪ04 08ｨ 04ｨｪ ｨ 09ｨｰｨ ﾂｨｰｨｨ ｨｨｨｪｨｮ ｨｰ020808ｨｨｨｰ0608ｨｨｨｨ ｨ 04ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｬｨ 06ｨｰ 00ｨ 08ｨｨ, 0708ｨ ｨｺｨｰｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨ 05ｨｨ0300ｨｪｨｪ ｨｪ ｨｨｨｴｨｪ ｨｰｨｨ ﾂ ｨｪ0602 ﾂ ﾂｨ ｨｦｨｪ ｨｨ ｨｰ09ｨｨ02 ｨｨｨｬ ｨｬ0209ｨｰ06 22 ｨ ｨC 04ｨ 2 01ｨｪ ｨｪｨ ｨｨ020401ｨ 09 01ｨ 0501ｨ ｨｦ ﾂ ｨｪ06ｨｬ ｨ ｨｴ00 15 ｨｰ ｨ ｨ. 02ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 01ｨ 0501ｨ ｨｦ09ｨｺ ｨ 0608ｨ ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ 05ｨｨ ｨ 0302ｨｪｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｨ ｨｰ070300ｨｪｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｺ0806ｨｬｨｺｨｨ, ｨｰ07ｨｪｨｮｨｴ02ｨｦ ｨｰ ｨ 05ｨｺｨｨｨｪ ｨｨｨｦ09ｨｺ06ｨｦ 0008ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨ 0109ｨ 01ｨｪ07, 24 ｨｨ 25 ｨ , ｨｪｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨ 0405ｨｨ ｨｪ ｨｪ ｨｬ0600ｨｨ05ｨｹｨｪｨｨｨｺｨ ｨｪ000401ｨ 01 07ｨｰｨｨ ｨｨ010205ｨｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｺ05ｨ 01ｨｺｨ 01 ( ｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｨ ｨｪｨｪ ｨｰ080602ｨｺ ｨ ｨｦ02ｨ ) ｨｰｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ 00ｨｪ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｬ0600ｨｨ05ｨｹｨｪｨｨｨｺｨ ｨｪｨ 05ｨｰ06ｨｬ ｨｮ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｺ ｨｰｨ 09ｨｨ05ｨ 9 07ｨ 08 ｨｪｨ 49,9 ｨｺｨｬ 0708ｨｨ ｨｪ02ｨｬ 08ｨ 0909ｨｰ0607ｨｪｨｨｨｨ ｨｬ020301ｨｮ 00ｨｪ020401ｨ ｨｬｨｨ 5,54 ｨｺｨｬ. 00ｨｨｨｪｨｨｨｬｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ ｨ 0909ｨｰ0607ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｬ020301ｨｮ 03ｨｨ0504ｨｬｨｨ ｨｰ0806ｨｦｨｺｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨC 2,15 ｨｺｨｬ ｨｰｨｨ05ｨｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｺ ｨｪ ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ, ｨｪｨｪ ｨｮｨｴ02ｨｬ ｨｪ02, ｨC 06ｨｪ06 06ｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｹ 07ｨｮ09ｨｰ04ｨｬ. 05ｨ ｨｰ02ｨｬ ｨ 0405ｨｨ 0609ｨｬ06ｨｰ0802ｨｪ04 ｨｺ0806ｨｬｨｺｨｨ ｨｪ0401 ｨｬｨ 0909ｨｨ ｨ ｨｦ06ｨｪ ｨ 0501ｨ ｨｦ, 0309ｨｨ05ｨｹｨ ｨ ｨｦ, ｨｰ, 00ｨ ｨｦｨｺｨ 07 ﾂｨ 00ｨ ｨｦ ｨｨ 08ｨ 04ｨ ｨｪｨｰｨ ｨｦ ｨｺ-

51 13Raptors Research Raptors Conservation 2007, ｨｪｨ 09 00ｨｪ ｨｬ ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ, 0907ｨｨ0502ｨｪｨｪｨ ｨｮｨ ｨ ｨｬｨｨ. 0806ｨｰ ｨｨｨｪｨ A pine tree with the saker ｯs nest felled by woodcutters. Photo by A. Levin ｨｰｨｨ09ｨｪ06ｨｦ 06ｨｺｨ 04ｨ 05ｨ 09ｨｹ 0603ｨｪｨ 07 ｨｺ0806ｨｬｨｺｨ 01ｨ 0501ｨ ｨｦ09ｨｺ ｨｬｨ 0909ｨｨ09ｨ, ｨｨ01ｨｮｨｴｨ ｨｨ0806ｨｰｨｪ06ｨｬ ｨｪｨ 0708ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｨ 06ｨｰ ｨ ｨｺ ｨｨｨｦ09ｨｺ06ｨｦ 0008ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｹ ｨ 0405ｨｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｦ0102ｨｪ ｨｪ020401ｨ ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｨ 4 00ｨｪ020401ｨ ｨｬ0600ｨｨ05ｨｹｨｪｨｨｨｺｨ ｨｬ04 ｨｪｨ 0305ｨｨ ｨｪｨ 05ｨｰ06ｨｦ 0302 ｨｺ0806ｨｬｨｺ02 02ｨｴ ｨｪ020401ｨ ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｨ 5 00ｨｪ ｨｬ0600ｨｨ05ｨｹｨｪｨｨｨｺｨ. 06ｨ ｨｺｨｨｨｬ 06ｨ 08ｨ 0406ｨｬ, 04ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｬｨ ｨｮｨｰ ｨｨｨｪ06ｨｦ 64,15 ｨｺｨｬ ｨ ｨｪ ｨｪ020401ｨ ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｬ 08ｨ 0909ｨｰ0607ｨｪｨｨ02ｨｬ ｨｬ020301ｨｮ ｨｪｨｨｨｬｨｨ 16,04 ｨｺｨｬ ｨｨ ｨｬｨｨｨｪｨｨｨｬｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ04ｨｬ ｨC 9,26 ｨｺｨｬ, ｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｺ ｨｪ ｨｬ0600ｨｨ05ｨｹｨｪｨｨｨｺ ｨｪｨｨｨｬ 08ｨ 0909ｨｰ0607ｨｪｨｨ02ｨｬ ｨｬ020301ｨｮ ｨｪｨｨｨｬｨｨ 7,13 ｨｺｨｬ ｨｨ ｨｬｨｨｨｪｨｨｨｬｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ04ｨｬ 08ｨ 0909ｨｰ0607ｨｪｨｨ02ｨｬ 1,69 ｨｺｨｬ ｨｰｨｪ ｨｪｨｨ02 01ｨｨｨｴｨｪ ｨｰｨｨ02 ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ 08ｨｮ0302ｨｪ ｨｨ 06ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｨ 06ｨｰ010205ｨｹｨｪ ｨｪ ｨｬｨ 0909ｨｨ09ｨ ｨｺ ｨｰ06ｨｺｨｮ 06ｨｰ ｨ ｨ ｨｺｨｰ04. 01ｨ ｨｺ0806ｨｬｨｺ ｨｨｨｪ06ｨｦ 35, ｨｰ0802 ﾂ02ｨｪ ｨｪ020401ｨ ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｬ 08ｨ 0909ｨｰ0607ｨｪｨｨ02ｨｬ ｨｬ020301ｨｮ ｨｪｨｨｨｬｨｨ 8,79 ｨｺｨｬ ｨｨ 7 00ｨｪ ｨｬ0600ｨｨ05ｨｹｨｪｨｨｨｺｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｬ 08ｨ 0909ｨｰ0607ｨｪｨｨ02ｨｬ ｨｬ020301ｨｮ ｨｪｨｨｨｬｨｨ 5,02 ｨｺｨｬ. 00ｨｨｨｪｨｨｨｬｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ ｨ 0909ｨｰ0607ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｬ020301ｨｮ ｨｰ0806ｨｦｨｺｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨｮ 05ｨｰｨｨ01 09ｨｨ ｨC 4,45 ｨｨ 4,33 ｨｺｨｬ ｨｰ0902ｨｰ09ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ06. 06ｨｰｨ ｨｺ, 04ｨ ｨｪ ｨｨ, ｨｪｨ ﾂｨｨｨｪｨ ｨ , 09 ｨ 0608ｨ 01 03ｨ ｨ 0809ｨｺ06ｨｦ 06ｨ 05ｨ 09ｨｰｨｨ 09 06ｨ ｨｴ02ｨｦ ｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｦ0102ｨｪ ｨｪ ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ, 31 00ｨｪ ｨｬ0600ｨｨ05ｨｹｨｪｨｨｨｺｨ, 3 00ｨｪ020401ｨ 0709ｨｰ0802ｨ ｨ -ｨｰ02ｨｰ ｨｰｨｪｨｨｨｺｨ (Accipiter gentilis) ｨｨ 00ｨｪ ｨｬ ｨ (Circaetus gallicus). 09ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪ ｨ ｨｪｨ 08ｨｮ0302ｨｪｨｪ ｨｪ000401ｨ 01 ｨｪ02 ｨｰ ｨｨ05ｨｨ, ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺｨｮ ｨ 0605ｨｹ03ｨ 07 ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｹ 09ｨ ｨｬ06ｨｺ 09ｨｨ010205ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｺ05ｨ 01ｨｺｨ ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ07 08ｨ 04ｨｬ0208ｨ ｨｺ05ｨ 01ｨｺｨｨ ｨｨ 0708ｨｨｨｬ0208ｨｪ ｨｺ ｨ 04ｨｬｨｪ060302ｨｪｨｨ ｨ ﾂｨｪ ｨｨ05ｨｨ 0601ｨｪ06 00ｨｪ , 09 ｨｺ06ｨｰ060806ｨｬ 26 ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｨ050609ｨｹ 5 07ｨｨ ｨｨ 04ｨｪｨ ｨｺ06ｨｬ09ｨｰ ｨｪ060904ｨｬｨｨ ｨｰ020808ｨｨｨｰ0608ｨｨ07ｨｬｨｨ 09ｨｰｨ 08ｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨｹ ｨｰｨｨｨｰｨｹ ｨｨ ｨｰ02 00ｨｪ000401ｨ, ｨｺ06ｨｰ ｨ 0405ｨｨ ｨｪ ｨｮ01 04ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｬｨ 0903ｨｨ ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪ06ｨｬ ｨｰ080602ｨｺ 0601ｨｪｨ 06ｨｺｨ 04ｨ 05ｨ 09ｨｹ 07ｨｮ09ｨｰ06ｨｦ, 09ｨｰ0608ｨ 07 ｨ 0405ｨ ｨｮｨｪｨｨ ﾂｨｰ060302ｨｪｨ ｨｮｨ ｨ ｨｬｨｨ: 0907ｨｨ0502ｨｪｨ 09ｨｰｨ 08ｨ ｨｪｨ, ｨｪｨ ｨｺ06ｨｰ060806ｨｦ 05ｨｰ06 00ｨｪ ｨ ｨ 00ｨ ｨｹ ｨｪ04 ｨｰｨ ｨｺ ｨｪ ｨｬ0600ｨｨ05ｨｹｨｪｨｨｨｺｨ, ｨｪｨ 8 ｨｨ04 ｨｺ06ｨｰ ｨｰｨｬ02 ﾂ02ｨｪ04 ｨｪｨ 09ｨｨ03ｨｨ09ｨ 06ｨｴｨｨ02 07ｨｰｨｨ0204, 0601ｨｪ06 04ｨ ｨｪ07ｨｰ06 07ｨ 0806ｨｦ ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪ0609, 0601ｨｪｨ ｨｺ06 ｨｺ05ｨ ｨｺｨｮ ｨｪ ｨ 0506, 0601ｨｪ06 04ｨ ｨ ｨｪ06 ｨｨ 02ｨｴ ｨｪ06 06ｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｹ ｨｪｨ 0402ｨｬ0502, ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺｨｮ 0907ｨｨ05ｨｨ05ｨｨ ｨ 0608ｨ ｨｬｨｨ07ｨ 05ｨ ｨｰｨｨｨｪ09ｨｺ ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰｨ ｨ 09ｨｹ ｨｬｨ 07, ｨｰ060001ｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｺ ｨｪｨ ｨｬ ｨｮ01ｨ ｨｹ ｨｰｨｨ 09 05ｨｰｨｨ ｨ 01 05ｨｨ03ｨｹ 2 01ｨｪ ｨｰ05ｨｨ ﾂｨｨ02 06ｨｰ ｨｪ ｨ ｨ 0809ｨｺ06ｨｦ 06ｨ 05ｨ 09ｨｰｨｨ 06ｨｪｨｨ 08ｨ ｨ 00ｨ 06ｨｰ0907 ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ ｨｪ ﾂ09ｨ 01, 04ｨ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｮ06 ｨｪｨ ｨｰ08ｨｮ01ｨｪ ｨｨｨｬ0401 ｨ ｨｮ0008ｨｨ09ｨｰ ｨｺｨ ｨｬｨｨ07ｨ 05ｨ ｨｰｨｨｨｪ09ｨｺｨｨ ｨ 02ｨｴ00 09 ｨ 0605ｨｹ0302ｨｦ 09ｨｰ020702ｨｪｨｨ ｨｰ08ｨ 01ｨ 05ｨｨ 06ｨｰ ｨ , ｨｬｨｪ ｨｴｨ 01ｨｨ 04ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｬｨ 06ｨｰ 00ｨ 08ｨｨ. 07 ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｺｨｨ 09ｨｰｨ ｨ ｨｨｨｬｨｨ 0607ｨｮ03ｨｺｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨｪ ｨｨｨｺｨｨ ｨ 04ｨｬ0208ｨ ｨｬ. ﾁｨ 09ｨｰ06 ｨｺ0806ｨｬｨｺｨ 09ｨｰｨ ｨ 0708ｨｨｨｺ0804ｨｰｨ ｨｬ ｨｬｨｨ ｨ 01ｨｺｨ ｨｬｨｨ, ﾂｨｰ06 04ｨｪｨ ﾂｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ06 ｨｮｨｬ02ｨｪｨｹ03ｨ 02ｨｰ ｨｰｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ 00ｨｪ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｬ0600ｨｨ05ｨｹｨｪｨｨｨｺ0609 ｨｨ ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪ ｨ ｨｨ ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰ04 09 ｨ 0608ｨ ｨｬｨｨ07ｨ 05ｨ ｨｰｨｨｨｪ09ｨｺ ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｦ0102ｨｪ06 ﾂ02ｨｰ ｨｪ020401ｨ ｨｬ0600ｨｨ05ｨｹｨｪｨｨｨｺｨ, ｨｪ020401ｨ ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｨ ｨｰ02ｨｰ ｨｰｨｪｨｨｨｺｨ, 2 00ｨｪ020401ｨ ｨ -ｨｺｨ 0805ｨｨｨｺｨ (Hieraaetus pennatus) (090209ｨｨｨｪ ｨｨ 0108., 2006) ｨｨ ｨｪ06ｨｬｨｮ 00ｨｪ020401ｨｮ ｨ 0605ｨｹ ｨｨｨｺｨ (Aquila clanga) ｨｨ 00ｨｨ05ｨｨｨｪｨ (Bubo bubo). 0209ｨ 00ｨｪ020401ｨ ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｨ04 ｨｰ ｨ 0405ｨｨ 06ｨ ｨｪｨ 08ｨｮ0302ｨｪ04 8 ｨｬｨ 07 ｨｪｨ ｨｺ0806ｨｬｨｺ ｨ 09 08ｨ ｨｦ06ｨｪ ｨ 08ｨ -00ｨｮ0804ｨ. 04ｨ 0909ｨｰ0607ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｬ020301ｨｮ 00ｨｪ020401ｨ ｨｬｨｨ 3,48 ｨｺｨｬ. 00 ｨｰ02 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ ｨｮ01 01ｨｪ02ｨｦ, 9 ｨｨ 10 ｨｬｨ 07, ｨ 0405ｨｨ 0609ｨｬ06ｨｰ0802ｨｪ ｨｪ0402 ｨｬｨ 0909ｨｨ ｨ ｨｦ06ｨｪ ｨｪｨｹ. 01ｨ ｨｬｨ ｨｮｨｰ ｨｺｨｬ ｨ ｨｪ06 3 ｨｺ08ｨｮ07ｨｪ ｨｪ020401ｨ, 0601ｨｪｨ ｨｺ ｨｪｨｨ 06ｨｺｨ 04ｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨｹ 07ｨｮ09ｨｰ04ｨｬｨｨ ｨ ｨｦ06ｨｪ ｨｪ ｨｨ04 ｨｪｨｨ01 09ｨｨ010205ｨｨ 0502ｨｰｨ 06ｨｴ ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ, ｨｪ ｨｨ 0609ｨｬ06ｨｰ ｨｪ020401ｨ ｨｪｨ 0305ｨｨ ｨｺ0609ｨｰｨｨ 04ｨ ｨｦ02ｨ ｨｨ 0109ｨ ﾂ ｨ ｨｺ , 05ｨｰ06 00ｨｪ ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｬｨ ｨｹ ｨ 0208ｨｺｨｮｨｰ06ｨｬ (Aquila chrysaetos) ｨｬｨ 07 06ｨ ｨ 05ｨｨ ｨｬ06ｨｴｨｪｨｮ ｨｮ ｨ, ｨｨ01ｨｮｨｴｨｮ06 06ｨｰ 0502ｨｬｨｨ07ｨ 05ｨ ｨｰｨｨｨｪ09ｨｺｨ 09 09ｨｰ060806ｨｪｨｮ 04ｨｮｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨ 0405ｨ 0609ｨｬ06ｨｰ0802ｨｪｨ 05ｨｨ03ｨｹ 04ｨ 07ｨ 01ｨｪｨ ｨｮ03ｨｺｨ, ｨｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｦ0102ｨｪ ｨｪ020401ｨ ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｨ ｨｬ0600ｨｨ05ｨｹｨｪｨｨｨｺｨ ｨｮ01ｨ ｨｹ ｨｰｨｨｨｰｨｹ ｨｰ06 ﾂｨｪｨｮ06 ｨｺ0806ｨｬｨｺｨｮ ｨｨ 0609ｨｬ06ｨｰ0802ｨｰｨｹ ｨｮ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰ06ｨｺ 06ｨｰ ｨｨｨｦ09ｨｺ06ｨｦ 0008ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｰ ｨ 0605ｨｹ03ｨｨｨｬ ｨｰ08ｨｮ0106ｨｬ ｨｮ01ｨ ｨｹ ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｺ0806ｨｬｨｺ ｨ, ｨｨ00ｨ 0709ｨｹ ﾂｨ ｨｪ06ｨｦ , 08ｨ 04ｨ ｨｨｨｰ06ｨｦ ｨ ｨｬｨｨ, 0706 ｨ ｨｮ 0608ｨｰ0403ｨ ｨｰ070300ｨｪｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ ｨｺ0605ｨｹ ｨｬｨ ｨｮｨｰｨ 0906ｨｺ08ｨｮ00 05ｨｰ ｨｪ ｨｬｨ 0909ｨｨ09ｨ ｨｰｨ 09ｨｨ05ｨ 321 ｨｺｨｬ. 0301ｨｨｨｪ09ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ ｨｪ ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ 09 ｨｪｨ 09ｨｨ03ｨｨ09ｨ 06ｨｴ02ｨｦ 07ｨｰｨｨ0202ｨｦ ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｦ0102ｨｪ06 16 ｨｬｨ ｨ ｨｦ06ｨｪ ｨｪ0609ｨｺｨ ｨｺ06ｨｦ 07ｨｰｨｨ0202ｨｦ 06ｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｰ06ｨｬ 08ｨ ｨｦ06ｨｪ02 ｨｨ ｨｬ0600ｨｨ05ｨｹｨｪｨｨｨｺ ｨC 04ｨ

52 ｨｪｨ ｨｰ ｨｨｨｴｨｪｨｨｨｺｨｨ ｨｨ ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ 2007, ｨｮ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｰ ｨｨｨｴｨｪｨｨｨｺ0609 ｨｪ ｨｮ01ｨ ｨｹ ｨｪｨ ｨｦｨｰｨｨ 05ｨｨ03ｨｹ 2 03ｨｨ ｨｪ020401ｨ ｨｮ ｨｪｨｪ ｨｪｨｨ01 00ｨｪ ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ, 06ｨｺｨ 04ｨ 0903ｨｨ ｨ 05ｨｨ04ｨｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｬｨ ｨｮｨｰｨ, 0601ｨｪ06 ｨ ｨ ｨｪ07ｨｰ06 ｨｬ0600ｨｨ05ｨｹｨｪｨｨｨｺ06ｨｬ, 0108ｨｮ ｨ ｨｮ ｨｪ06, ｨｪ06 07ｨｮ09ｨｰ0609ｨ ｨ 0603ｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｺ0806ｨｬｨｺ ｨ ｨｹ 0706ｨｦｨｬ ｨｰ0403ｨ ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪ ｨｨ ｨｬ0600ｨｨ05ｨｹｨｪｨｨｨｺ ｨｪ02 06ｨｰｨｬ02 ﾂ02ｨｪ04, ｨｪ ｨ 0605ｨｹ0306ｨｬ ｨｺ0605ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｰ ｨｪ020401ｨｨｨｰ0907 ﾂ0008ｨｪ04ｨｦ ｨｺ060803ｨｮｨｪ (Milvus migrans). 02ｨ 09ｨｮ030102ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｬｨ ｨｰ0208ｨｨｨ 05ｨ 01ｨ ｨ ｨ 02ｨｰ0907 ｨｺ06ｨｪ ｨ ｨｰｨｨ09ｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ ｨｬ0600ｨｨ05ｨｹｨｪｨｨｨｺ ｨｨ ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｨ ｨｨ01 00ｨｪ ｨｰ080602ｨｺ 0708ｨｨ ｨｬ06ｨ ｨｨ05ｨｹｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪ ｨｹｨｬｨ ｨｰｨｪ06, ﾂｨｰ06 09 ｨ 0608ｨ 01 ｨ ｨｨｨｪ04 07ｨ 08 00ｨｪ ｨｦ 0008ｨｮ0707ｨｨ080609ｨｺｨｨ ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｰ ｨ 04ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｬｨ 06ｨｰ ｨｪ ｨｰ0806ｨｦｨｺｨｨ, ｨｬ02ｨｴｨ 0709ｨｹ ｨｪｨ ｨｪ ｨｮ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｺｨｨ, 09 04ｨ 09ｨｨ09ｨｨｨｬ0609ｨｰｨｨ 06ｨｰ ｨｨ04ｨｬ02ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ07 09ｨｨｨｰｨｮｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ 09 ｨｺ0608ｨｬ060904ｨｬ ｨｮ080906ｨｬ ｨｬ06ｨｰ0807 ｨｪｨ ｨｰ06, ﾂｨｰ ｨ 03ｨ ｨ 0809ｨｺ06ｨｦ ｨｨ 0502ｨｬｨｨ07ｨ 05ｨ ｨｰｨｨｨｪ09ｨｺ06ｨｦ 06ｨ 05ｨ 09ｨｰ02ｨｦ 06ｨ ｨｲ ｨｪ04 ｨｪｨ 02ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ04ｨｬ ｨｰ0607ｨｪｨｨ02ｨｬ ｨｨ ｨｪ04 09 ｨｺｨ ｨｰ ｨｨ ｨ ｨ ｨｪ0702ｨｬ0401 ｨｰ020808ｨｨｨｰ0608ｨｨｨｦ, 06ｨｬ0206ｨｴｨｨ ｨ 01 ｨ ｨｨ ｨｨ ｨｰ ｨｮ050708ｨｪ ｨｰ ｨｪｨ ｨｨ01 ｨｰ020808ｨｨｨｰ0608ｨｨ0701 ｨｮ ﾂ00ｨｰ04 ｨｺ08ｨｮ07ｨｪ ｨｨ0906ｨｰｨｪ0401, ｨｪ ｨｨｨｬｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ06 ｨｰ0201, ｨｺ06ｨｰ ｨｰ ｨ ｨｲ02ｨｺｨｰｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨｰ ｨｮ ﾂ00ｨｰ04 ｨｪ ｨ 01ｨ 06ｨｰ 01ｨ , ｨｪ ｨｮ03 06 ｨ ｨｬ0205ｨｺｨｨ01 01ｨｨｨｴｨｪ ｨｰｨｨ02ｨ ｨｰ010205ｨｹｨｪ ｨｪ ｨｴｨｨ ｨ 05ｨｨ04ｨｨ ｨｺ ｨ 0804 ｨｬ0600ｨｨ05ｨｹｨｪｨｨｨｺ ｨｨｨｪｨｨｨｬｨ 06ｨｰ0907 ｨｬ0209ｨｰｨｪ04ｨｬｨｨ 03ｨｨｨｰ020507ｨｬｨｨ 04ｨ ｨ 0208ｨｺｨｮｨｰ ｨｪ ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｨ ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪ ｨ 01, ｨｺｨ ｨｺ 0708ｨ 09ｨｨ0506, ｨｪ02 04ｨｪｨ 06ｨｰ ｨｨ05ｨｨ ｨｨｨｬ0206ｨｰ ｨｹｨｬｨ 09ｨｬｨｮｨｰｨｪ ｨｰｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｨ090302ｨｦ ｨｨｨｰｨｮｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ ｨ ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｺ08ｨｮ07ｨｪ ｨｨｨｴｨｪ ｨｰｨｨ ｨｬｨｨｨｰ02ｨｰｨｮ ｨｪ ｨｨ ｨｰｨｪｨｨ ﾂｨｹ ｨｦ09ｨｰ09ｨ 0408 ｨｪ0206ｨ ｨｨｨｬ ｨｰｨｨ ｨｬ0209ｨｰｨｪｨｮ ｨｪｨｨｨｰ ｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｮ ﾂｨｪｨｮ ｨ ｨｬｨｬｨｮ 0706 ｨｺｨ 08ｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ06 ｨｨ ｨｮ06ｨｴ02ｨｬｨｮ ｨｬ06ｨｪｨｨｨｰ0608ｨｨｨｪ00ｨｮ ｨｬ0209ｨｰ 00ｨｪ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 09ｨｨ010609, 04ｨ ｨｪ020900ｨｪｨｪ ｨ 09ｨｪｨｮ06 ｨｺｨｪｨｨ00ｨｮ 08ｨ 04ｨ 0109ｨｰｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｨ ｨｬ020301ｨｮｨｪｨ ｨｪ04ｨｦ 0907ｨｨ0906ｨｺ ｨ ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ06 ｨｮ ｨ 02ｨｬ ｨｨ ｨ 03ｨｪ06, ﾂｨｰ06ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 04ｨ ｨｮ050702ｨｨ07ｨｬｨｨ 05ｨｰｨｨ01 07ｨｰｨｨ ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ ｨｹ 09ｨ ｨｬｨｨｨｬｨｨ ｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨｺ06ｨｪｨｰ ｨｬ ｨｨｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨｰ ｨｪ09ｨｰｨｨｨｰｨｮｨｰｨ ｨｨｨｨ. 0905ｨ ｨ 08ｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ 0809ｨｰ ｨｰｨ ｨｰｨｹｨｨ ｨ 03ｨ 06ｨｰ ｨ 05ｨ ｨ 08ｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ 08ｨｮｨｺ ｨｰ09ｨｮ ERWDA ｨｨ 08ｨｮｨｺ ｨｨｨｰ ｨｺｨｰｨ 01ｨｨｨｺｨｮ 0806ｨｺ09ｨｮ 04ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｮ ﾂｨｪｨｮ06, 00ｨｨｨｪｨ ｨｪ090609ｨｮ06 ｨｨ ｨｰ0201ｨｪｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｮ ｨｺｨｮ 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰ04, 0609ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ ｨｬ06ｨｦ 09 08ｨ 04ｨ 0109ｨｰｨ ｨｪ ｨｰ ｨｨ04ｨｪｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ04 ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0302 ﾂ0502ｨｪｨ ｨｬ ｨｨｨｦ09ｨｺ06ｨｦ 0008ｨｮ ｨ 0807ｨｺｨｨｨｪｨｮ ｨｨ 06ｨｨｨｬ ｨ 08ｨ ｨ ｨ 03ｨｨｨｪｨｮ 04ｨ ｨｬ02ｨｰ0601ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｮ ｨｬ06ｨｴｨｹ ｨｨ ｨｨｨｪ000608ｨｬｨ 02ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｨ 00ｨｪ ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｨ 0108ｨｮ00ｨｨ01 01ｨｨｨｴｨｪ ｨｰｨｨ02, ｨｪｨ ｨｦ0102ｨｪｨｪ ｨｰ0207ｨｪ06ｨｦ 0406ｨｪ02 08ｨ 04ｨ 0109ｨｰｨ ｨｪｨ. 09ｨｨｨｰ0208ｨ ｨｰｨｮ08ｨ 07 ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｺｨｨ ｨ 0608ｨ, ｨｨ ｨｰ ｨｨｨｪｨ The areas of a pine-forest burned in Photo by A. Levin 09 ｨｪｨ 09ｨｰ0607ｨｴ ｨｬ ｨｰ0907 ｨｨ01 ｨｨｨｪｨｰ02ｨｪ09ｨｨ09ｨｪｨ 07 05ｨｺ090705ｨｮｨ ｨｰｨ 02ｨｨ ｨ ｨｦ06ｨｪ ｨｬｨｨ07ｨ 05ｨ ｨｰｨｨｨｪ09ｨｺｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｬｨｪ0600ｨｨ01 ｨｮ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｺｨ 01 09ｨｰｨ ｨ ｨｰ0907 ｨｪ0209ｨ ｨｪｨｺ02ｨｨ06ｨｪｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｪｨ ｨｮｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｪ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｬｨｨｨｰ02ｨｰｨ ｨｪ ｨｨ ｨｰｨｪｨｨ ﾂｨｹ ｨｦ09ｨｰ09ｨ ｨｮ050708ｨｪ ｨｰ 09ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｰｨ 08ｨｪ ｨｮｨ ｨｺｨｨ ｨｨ ｨｮ01ｨ ｨｰ ｨｹ07, ｨ 09ｨｰ ｨｺ06ｨｰ ｨ 02ｨｰ ｨｰ ｨｮｨ ｨｺｨ 09ｨｰｨ ｨｹ ｨｨ090601ｨｨｨｰ ｨｺ ｨｰ06ｨｬｨｮ, ﾂｨｰ06 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨ ｨｰｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨ ｨｮｨｪｨｨ ﾂｨｰ0603ｨ 06ｨｰ0907 ｨｬｨｪ ｨｰｨｪｨｨ02 00ｨｪ000401ｨ ｨｺ08ｨｮ07ｨｪ ｨｨｨｴｨｪ ｨｰｨｨ02, ｨｨ ｨｮｨｬ02ｨｪｨｹ03ｨ 02ｨｰ0907 ｨｺ0605ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｰ0906 ｨｰ ｨｹ0209, ｨｪｨ ｨｺ06ｨｰ ｨｬ0600ｨｮｨｰ ｨ 04ｨｰｨｹ ｨｰ080602ｨｪ04 ｨｪ ｨｬ0206ｨｰ ｨｬ0209ｨｰ ｨｪｨ ｨｬ020802ｨｪｨｪ ｨｨ ｨｮ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｺ ｨｰｨ ｨ, ﾂｨｰ ｨｰ ｨ 08ｨ ｨｨ ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 0609ｨｰｨ 0903ｨｨ ｨｪｨ 00ｨ ｨｹ ｨｮ03ｨｨｨｪ ｨｰｨｨ ｨ 04ｨ 0109ｨｰｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｬｨ - 08ｨｰｨ, ｨ , ｨｨｨｪ , 08ｨ 0807ｨｺｨｨｨｪ , 09ｨ 08ｨ ｨ ｨ 03ｨｨｨｪ ｨｺ06ｨｰ ｨｮ05ｨｹｨｰｨ ｨｰ ｨｺｨｨ 09 09ｨｰ0207ｨｪ0402 ｨ ｨ 04ｨ 0109ｨｰｨ ｨｪｨ ｨC 08ｨ 04ｨ 0109ｨｰｨ ｨｪ09ｨｺｨｨｨｦ 0608ｨｪｨｨｨｰ ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨｨｦ ｨ ｨｰ02ｨｪｨｹ ｨｬｨ ｨｰ04, 00Thetis03, ｨC51. 08ｨ 0807ｨｺｨｨｨｪ , 09ｨ 08ｨ ｨ ｨ 03ｨｨｨｪ , ｨｨｨｪ , 08ｨ ｨｮ05ｨｹｨｰｨ ｨｰ04 ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｦ ｨｰ0207ｨｪ0401 ｨ 0608ｨ 01 ｨｪｨ ｨｰ06ｨｺ02 08ｨ 04ｨ 0109ｨｰｨ ｨｪｨ. ｨC ｨｪｨ ｨｰ ｨｨｨｴｨｪｨｨｨｺｨｨ ｨｨ ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨC ｨ 08ｨｹ , ｨｺ ｨ ｨｮｨｪ02 07ｨｰｨｨ02 03ｨ ｨ 0809ｨｺ ｨ ｨｨ08ｨｰ0403ｨｹ07. ｨC 08ｨ ｨｮｨｪｨ ｨｨ ｨ ｨｨ ｨｨ07 07ｨｰｨｨ02 08ｨ 04ｨ 0109ｨｰｨ ｨｪｨ. 0805ｨｬｨ ｨｰ04, ｨC ｨｨｨｪ 08., 02ｨｨｨｺ0906ｨｪ 08., 08ｨｮｨｪｨｺｨ 06., 01ｨｬ0400ｨ ｨｪ ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｨ ｨ -ｨｺｨ 0805ｨｨｨｺｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｰ06ｨｺ02 08ｨ 04ｨ 0109ｨｰｨ ｨｪｨ. ｨC ｨｪｨ ｨｰ ｨｨｨｴｨｪｨｨｨｺｨｨ ｨｨ ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨC67.

53 13Raptors Research Raptors Conservation 2007, 8 53 Large1 7raptors1 7in1 7the1 7Mugdzhary1 7Mountains,1 7Kazakhstan ｧｬｧｲｧｵｧｱｧｯｧｽｧｦ1 7ｧｱｧｦｧｲｧｯｧ ｧｴｧｽｧｦ1 7ｧｷｧｪｧｻｧｯｧｪｧｬｧｪ1 7ｧｮｧｵｧ ｧｰｧ ｧｨｧ ｧｲ,1 7ｧｬｧ ｧｩｧ ｧｷｧｳｧｴｧ ｧｯ Karyakin1 7I.V.1 7(Center1 7for1 7Field1 7Studies,1 7N.Novgorod,1 7Russia) Pazhenkov1 7A.S.1 7(The1 7Volga-Ural1 7ECONET1 7Assistance1 7Center,1 7Samara,1 7Russia) Kovalenko1 7A.V.1 7(Institute1 7of1 7ecological1 7researches,1 7Almaty,1 7Kazakhstan) Korzhev1 7D.A.1 7(The1 7Volga-Ural1 7ECONET1 7Assistance1 7Center,1 7Samara,1 7Russia) Novikova1 7L.M.1 7(State1 7Nature1 7Reserve1 700Kerzhensky03,1 7N.Novgorod,1 7Russia) ｧｬｧﾑｧ筴1 7ｧﾚｧﾟ1 7ｧｪ.ｧ.1 7(ｧｸｧﾖｧﾟｧ荅邃1 7ｧ皎爰ﾝｧﾖｧﾓｧｧ辟1 7ｧﾚｧ罘罘ﾝｧﾖｧﾕｧ爰ﾓｧﾑｧﾟｧﾚｧﾛ,1 7ｧｯ.ｧｯｧ爰ﾓ1 7ｧ爰筴爰ﾕ,1 7ｧｲｧ爰罘罘ﾚｧ) ｧｱｧﾑｧﾘｧﾖｧﾟ1 7ｧ爰ﾓ1 7ｧ.ｧｳ.1 7(ｧｸｧﾖｧﾟｧ荅邃1 7ｧ罘爰ﾕｧﾖｧﾛｧ罘荅ﾓｧﾚｧ1 700ｧ ｧ爰ﾝ1 7ｧ-ｧｵｧ筴ﾑｧﾝｧｧ繖1 7ｧ爰ﾛ1 7ｧ1 7ｧ爰ﾝｧ焙1 7ｧﾚｧ鬧ﾖｧ繖1 7ｧ爰ﾛ1 7ｧ罘ﾖｧ荅ﾚ03, ｧｳｧﾑｧﾞｧﾑｧ筴ﾑ,1 7ｧｲｧ爰罘罘ﾚｧ) ｧｬｧ爰ﾓｧﾑｧﾝｧﾖｧﾟ1 7ｧ焙1 7ｧ.ｧ.1 7(ｧｪｧﾟｧ罘荅ﾚｧ舮1 7ｧ舮1 7ｧ1 7ｧ爰ﾝｧ焙1 7ｧﾚｧ鬧ﾖｧ繖1 7ｧﾚｧ辟1 7ｧﾚｧ罘罘ﾝｧﾖｧﾕｧ爰ﾓｧﾑｧﾟｧﾚｧﾛ,1 7ｧ ｧﾝｧﾞｧﾑｧ荅,1 7ｧｬｧﾑｧﾙｧﾑｧ遘罘荅ﾑｧﾟ) ｧｬｧ爰筴ﾘｧﾖｧﾓ1 7ｧ.ｧ.1 7(ｧｸｧﾖｧﾟｧ荅邃1 7ｧ罘爰ﾕｧﾖｧﾛｧ罘荅ﾓｧﾚｧ1 700ｧ ｧ爰ﾝ1 7ｧ-ｧｵｧ筴ﾑｧﾝｧｧ繖1 7ｧ爰ﾛ1 7ｧ1 7ｧ爰ﾝｧ焙1 7ｧﾚｧ鬧ﾖｧ繖1 7ｧ爰ﾛ1 7ｧ罘ﾖｧ荅ﾚ03, ｧｳｧﾑｧﾞｧﾑｧ筴ﾑ,1 7ｧｲｧ爰罘罘ﾚｧ) ｧｯｧ爰ﾓｧﾚ1 7ｧ爰ﾓｧﾑ1 7ｧｭ.ｧｮ.1 7(ｧｬｧﾖｧ筴ﾘｧﾖｧﾟｧ繖1 7ｧﾚｧﾛ1 7ｧﾙｧﾑｧ皎爰ﾓｧﾖｧﾕｧﾟｧﾚ1 7,1 7ｧｯ.ｧｯｧ爰ﾓ1 7ｧ爰筴爰ﾕ,1 7ｧｲｧ爰罘罘ﾚｧ) 0806ｨｪｨｰｨ ｨｺｨｰ: ｨｹ 08ｨ 0807ｨｺｨｨｨｪ 0002ｨｪｨｰ ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｦ ｨｨ07 01ｨｨ03ｨｪｨｨｨｦ ｨｮ ｨｪｨｺ06, 17a-17 ｨｰ0205.: +7 (8312) ikar_research@mail.ru 08ｨｪ010802ｨｦ ｨ 0502ｨｪｨｺ06 06ｨｪ09ｨｰｨｨｨｰｨｮｨｰ 05ｨｺ ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨ01 ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｦ 0805ｨｬｨ ｨｰ ｨ 04ｨ 0109ｨｰｨ ｨｪ akoval@nursat.kz ｨｬｨｨ05ｨ ｨｨｨｺ0609ｨ 05ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｺ ｨｪ09ｨｺｨｨｨｦ ｨｨ07 01ｨｨ03ｨｪｨｨｨｦ ｨｮ ｨｰｨｨｨｪｨ, ｨｰ0205.: +7 (8312) lyudovik14@yandex.ru Contact: Igor Karyakin Center for Field Studies Korolenko str., 17a-17 Nizhniy Novgorod Russia tel.: +7 (8312) ikar_research@mail.ru Andrey Kovalenko Institute of Ecological Researches Almaty Kazakhstan akoval@nursat.kz Ludmila Novikova State Nature Reserve 00Kerzhensky03 Kostina str., Nizhniy Novgorod Russia tel.: +7 (8312) lyudovik14@yandex.ru ｨｪｨｨ02 00ｨｮ ｨ 0804, ｨｪ0209ｨｬ06ｨｰ0807 ｨｪｨ ｨｰｨｮ07ｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ ｨｨ 0708ｨｨ090502ｨｺｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ, ｨｰｨｹ ｨｪ ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｨ 0609ｨｰｨ 09ｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨｹ 00ｨ ｨｬ 0707ｨｰｨｪ06ｨｬ03 ｨｪｨ ｨｺｨ 08ｨｰ02 08ｨ ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ ｨ ｨｺ08ｨｮ07ｨｪ ｨｪｨ ｨｰ ｨｨｨｴｨｪｨｨｨｺ ｨｪｨｨｨｰ0600ｨ ｨｮｨｪｨ 00ｨｮ ｨ 08 ｨｨ04ｨｮ ﾂｨ 05ｨ 09ｨｹ 09 ｨｺ06ｨｪ0202 XIX 0902ｨｺｨ ｨｮ03ｨｺｨｨｨｪ04ｨｬ (1908) , ｨｺ02, ｨｰ020808ｨｨｨｰ0608ｨｨ ｨｴｨ 05ｨｨ ｨ 08ｨ ｨｬ04ｨｨｨｪ (1917) ｨｨ ｨ 0803ｨ 0909ｨｺｨｨｨｦ 09 ｨｺ ｨ ｨｬｨｨ (1977). 00 ｨｨ06ｨｪ ｨｮ ｨ 08ｨ 01, ｨｨｨｬｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ06 09 ｨ ｨ ｨｦｨｪ02 06ｨｬｨ 04, 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰｨ 05ｨ ｨｬ0209ｨｰｨｪｨ ｨｨｨｦ09ｨｺ06-ｨｺｨ 04ｨ 0109ｨｰｨ ｨｪ09ｨｺｨ 07 05ｨｺ ｨｨ02ｨｨ07 ( ｨ 08ｨｹ, 02ｨ ｨ, 2004). 0002ｨｰ0601ｨｨｨｺｨ 00ｨｮ ｨ 0804 ｨC ｨｪｨｨ , ｨｨｨｬ0206ｨｴｨｨ02 09ｨｨ01 ｨｬ0205ｨｺ ﾂｨｪｨｨｨｺｨ, ｨ ｨｴ ｨｨ 06ｨ 03ｨｨ08ｨｪ06ｨｦ 0102ｨｪｨｮ01ｨ 02ｨｨ06ｨｪｨｪ06ｨｦ 08ｨ 09ｨｪｨｨｨｪ ｨｮ010609ｨｰ0207ｨｪ06ｨｦ 0406ｨｪ ｨｨｨｰ0608ｨｨ ｨｮ03ｨｨｨｰ ｨ ｨｬ 0802ｨｺ ｨ ｨ ｨｦｨｪｨ 06ｨｬｨ 04, 0708ｨ 05ｨ ( ｨｹ) ｨｨ 06ｨｮ0800ｨ 07 (0708ｨｨｨｰ06ｨｺｨｨ ｨｨ04) ｨｹ03ｨｮ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｹ 04ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｬｨ 06ｨｰ ｨｰｨｨ07 ﾂｨ ｨｺ ｨｺ ｨｹｨｪ0402 ｨｨ ｨｰｨｨ07 ﾂｨ ｨｺ ｨｪｨｪ ｨｰ0207ｨｨ, 09 ｨ 0605ｨｹ03ｨｨｨｪ09ｨｰ ｨｮ ﾂｨ ｨｮ ﾂｨｨ0903ｨｨ02 08ｨ 0409ｨｨｨｰｨｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｰｨｨ0502ｨｰｨｨ07 ｨｪｨ ｨｬ0209ｨｰ ｨｮ07ｨｮ09ｨｰ04ｨｪｨｪ ｨ ｨｴ0209ｨｰ ｨｨｨｰ0608ｨｨ07 09ｨｨ05ｨｹｨｪ06 ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ 06ｨ 03ｨｨ08ｨｪ06ｨｦ 0902ｨｰｨｹ ｨｰ06ｨｺ ｨｪ ﾂｨ ｨｺ060904ｨｬｨｨ 04ｨ 07ｨ 01ｨｨｨｪｨ ｨｬｨｨ 0706 ｨｪｨｨｨｬ. 01ｨ ｨｮ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｺｨ 01 ｨｪｨ ｨｨｨ ｨｨ05ｨｹｨｪ ﾂ00ｨｪｨｪ ｨｹ0200ｨ, ｨｨｨｬｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ ｨ 07ｨ 01ｨｪ04ｨｬ ｨｨ ｨｪ04ｨｬ 09ｨｺ0506ｨｪｨ ｨｬ ｨｺ, ｨｨ ｨｮｨ 06ｨｺ ｨ ｨｪｨｪ ｨｨｨｪｨ ｨｰ06ｨｺ ｨ ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪ02ｨｪ ｨｰ080609ｨｪ ｨｨｨｪ ｨｨ ｨ ｨ, ｨ 0605ｨｹ03ｨ 07 ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｹ ｨｺ06ｨｰ ｨｦ0102ｨｪｨ ｨ 08ｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨｨ 08ｨｮｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨｨ 09ｨｨ05ｨｹｨｪ06 06ｨｬ ｨｪｨ. 07 ﾂｨ 09ｨｰ- Methods The Mugodzhary mountains are very ancient mountains located in the center of a wide steppe valley. They are located in the watersheds of the Emba, Or and Irgis rivers. We surveyed the Mugodzhary Mountains on 15ｨC24 May 2004 and on 15ｨC22 May The total length of the survey routes was 2150 km (1438 km ｨC2004, 712 km ｨC 2006). All the breeding territories of raptors that were found were GPSed and mapped using GIS software (ArcView 3.2a, ESRI, CA, USA) for a subsequent calculation of the breeding density. The study areas included all types of rocks, steppes and forests, which are very characteristic for the surveyed territory. All territory of Mugodzhary with an area of 8917 km 2 has been divided into natural regions (fig. 1, table. 1). A number of species noted as breeding in a study area was extrapolated for the total area of the region with a similar landscape and vegetation conditions. We set 6 study areas with a total area of km 2 for the recording of raptors in the Mugodzhary Mountains (fig. 2). Sizes of study areas were km 2 in 2004 and km 2 in 2006, the area of overlaying was 8.6%. The territory of Mugodzhary picked out on the GIS includes 96.5% of the territories of study areas. It is 11,2% of the whole territory of Mugodzhary.

54 ｨｪｨ ｨｰ ｨｨｨｴｨｪｨｨｨｺｨｨ ｨｨ ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ 2007, ｨｮ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｰ ｨｨｨｴｨｪｨｨｨｺ0609 ｨｺｨｨ 07ｨ 0302ｨｪ ｨｨｨｬ0206ｨｰ ｨｨ03ｨｹ ｨｨ000208ｨｨｨｨ ｨｬ0205ｨｺ ﾂｨｪｨｨｨｺｨ, ｨｨｨｬｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ06 ｨｪｨ ｨｪｨｪ ｨｨ010605ｨｨｨｪｨｪ0401 ｨｮ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｺｨ 01 06ｨｬｨ 04 ｨｨ 0208ｨｨ ｨｨｨｰ0608ｨｨ07 00ｨｮ ｨ 08 06ｨ ｨ 05ｨ 09ｨｹ ｨｪｨ ｨｬｨｨ 15ｨC24 ｨｬｨ ｨｨ 15ｨC22 ｨｬｨ ｨ 07 05ｨｺ ｨｨ02ｨｨ ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ ｨ 09ｨｹ 09 08ｨ ｨｬｨｺｨ ｨｺｨｰｨ 06ｨｪ09ｨｰｨｨｨｰｨｮｨｰｨ ｨｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｺ (FRI, IWC Ltd., UK) 0706 ｨｨ04ｨｮ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ06 ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ (Falco cherrug) ｨｪｨ ｨｰ09ｨ ｨｪｨｰ09ｨｰ09ｨ ｨ ｨｪ02 06ｨｺ08ｨｮ03ｨ 06ｨｴ02ｨｦ (ERWDA, UAE), ｨｨ 0200 ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｰｨｺｨｨ ｨｮ05ｨｹｨｰｨ ｨｰ04 ｨｮ0302 ｨ 0405ｨｨ 0607ｨｮｨ 05ｨｨｨｺ0609ｨ ｨｪ04 (03ｨ 0302ｨｪｨｺ0609 ｨｨ 0108., 2005). 00ｨｰ0608ｨ 07 05ｨｺ ｨｨ02ｨｨ ｨ 09 08ｨ ｨｬｨｺｨ ｨｺｨｰｨ ｨｨｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ ｨ ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨ ｨｨ0608ｨ 04ｨｪ0606ｨ 08ｨ 04ｨｨ07 08ｨ 04ｨ 0109ｨｰｨ ｨｪｨ ( ) 0706 ｨｨｨｪ0902ｨｪｨｰｨ 08ｨｨ04ｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ ｨｺ0506 ﾂ ｨｪｨｨｨｰ ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨ01 Results of studies Golden Eagle (Aquila chrysaetos) The single active nest was found on 18 May 2006 (fig. 3). It was located on a shelf in the middle section of a cliff 30 m high. Two chicks were in the nest. Imperial Eagle (Aquila heliaca) We found 2 active nests at the foot of the western slope in the middle region of Mugodzhary (fig. 4). An occupied nest was noted on a metal electric pole on That nest was occupied by the Steppe Eagle in The second nest, with a recently laid egg, was found on a large single elm tree in the Kunduzdy river valley on The density of the Imperial Eagle in the Mugodzhary Mountains was 0.2 pair per 100 km 2. A total of 15ｨC20 pairs are estimated to live in the Mugodzhary Mountains. Steppe Eagle (Aquila nipalensis) During surveys we found 48 nests in 47 breeding territories of the Steppe Eagle (fig. 5). Four nests were had clutches of 2 eggs. Four nests had broods. The average brood size was 2.25 ﾀ0.5 chicks (range 2ｨC 3). We didn ｯt visit 17 nests where we suspected hatching to be in progress. Five nests were being built by eagles at the time of the survey. Nine nests were empty because of death by posterity or from electrocution of the adults on power lines located near the nests. Another nest was very old without any signs of breeding. The 58.33% of the nests we found were located on the elevated relief elements such as slopes of a river and creek valleys, ravines, slopes and tops of cliffs and rocks (n=48). Nearly half of these nests (n=28, 53.57%) were built up on scattered stones often under bushes (Spiraea sp., Caragana sp.). Other nests were on bushes (Spiraea, Crataegus) on elm trees (18.75%) at a height of 0.1 ｨC 3.0 m (on average 2.1 ﾀ1.0 m), on different cliffs- (14.58%), on electric poles 06ｨｨ07ｨｨ ﾂｨｪ ｨ ｨｪ0103ｨ 00ｨｰ04 00ｨｮ ｨ 08: 1 ｨC 0603ｨｪｨ 07 ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｹ ｨｰ06 ﾂｨｪ ｨｬｨ ｨｺ080609ｨｺ0506ｨｪｨ ( ); 2 ｨC ｨ 07 ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｹ (08. 08ｨｮ05ｨｹ07, ); 3 ｨC ｨｪｨ 07 ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｹ ｨｰ06 ﾂｨｪ ｨｬｨ ｨｺ080609ｨｺ0506ｨｪｨ (09ｨｨ01 ｨｪｨ 00ｨｪ ｨｮ06 09ｨｺｨ 05ｨｮ ｨ ｨ 0506ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨ Falco cherrug, ); 4 ｨC 04ｨ 07ｨ 01ｨｪ04ｨｦ ｨｬｨ ｨｺ080609ｨｺ0506ｨｪ ( ). 0806ｨｰ ｨ 0807ｨｺｨｨｨｪｨ Typical landscape of the Mugodzary Mountains: 1 ｨC eastern slope, southern part (17/05/2006); 2 ｨC middle part (Aulya river, 19/05/2006); 3 ｨC eastern slope, northern part (nesting cliff of the Saker Falcon Falco cherrug, 18/05/2006); 4 ｨC western slope (21/05/2006). Photos by I. Karyakin

55 13Raptors Research Raptors Conservation 2007, ｨｨ ｨｮ ｨ 0804 ｨｪｨ ｨｺ0609ｨｬ0609ｨｪｨｨｨｬｨｺ02 Landsat 7 (08) ｨｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｺｨ 08ｨｰ02 (B). 01ｨｮｨｬ0208ｨ 02ｨｨ ｨｨ080601ｨｪ ｨ ｨｦ06ｨｪ ｨｰ0902ｨｰ09ｨｰ09ｨｮ02ｨｰ ｨｪｨｮｨｬ0208ｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ 09 ｨｰｨ ｨ Fig. 1. Satellite image Landsat 7 (A) and a map (B) of the Mugodzary Mountains. Numbers of parts of the Mugodzary Mountains are similar ones in the table 1 ｨｰ020808ｨｨｨｰ0608ｨｨｨｦ ｨｮｨ 05ｨｨｨｺｨｨ 08ｨ 04ｨ 0109ｨｰｨ ｨｪ, 00ｨｨｨｪｨ ｨｪ09ｨｨ080609ｨ ｨ 09 ﾂ00ｨｰ ｨｰ09 RSPB. 02ｨ ｨｴｨ ｨｰ070302ｨｪｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ 05ｨｺ ｨｨ02ｨｨ06ｨｪｨｪ0401 ｨｬｨ ｨｮｨｰ ｨ ｨ ｨｰｨ 09ｨｨ05ｨ 2150 ｨｺｨｬ (1438 ｨｺｨｬ ｨC , 712 ｨｺｨｬ ｨC ) ｨｦ ｨｪ ｨｺ0600ｨｪ060902ｨｨ ﾂｨｪ ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｨ 0202ｨｪｨｰ08ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ06ｨｦ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｨ 00ｨｮ ｨ 08, ｨ ｨｰ060806ｨｦ ｨｪｨ ｨｨｨ 0605ｨｹ ｨｪｨｨｨｬｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨ ｨｮ ｨｪ ｨｪ06ｨｬｨｮ 06ｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｪ ｨｨ ｨｰ06ｨｺ ｨｮ ｨ 08 06ｨｰ ｨｪ0603ｨｨｨｦ ｨｰ06 ﾂｨｪ ｨｺ0506ｨｪｨ ｨｦ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｨ ｨ ｨｺ0302 ｨｰ020808ｨｨｨｰ0608ｨｨ ｨｪｨｰ08ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ06ｨｦ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｨ 00ｨｮ ｨ 08 ｨ 0405ｨ ｨｦ0102ｨｪｨ ｨ 09ｨｰ06ｨｬｨ ｨｮｨｰ06ｨｬ 12 ｨ ｨ 09ｨｰ06ｨｬｨ ｨｮｨｰ ｨｨ09ｨｹ 00ｨｪ ｨｨ000601ｨｪ0402 ｨ ｨｨ06ｨｰ ｨｨｨｴｨｪ ｨｰｨｨ02, ｨｺ06ｨｰ06- and just on the ground at the foot of electric poles (4.17% each respectively). The density was 1.51 pair/100 km 2. The distance between the nests was 3.3 ﾀ1.67 km (n=43; 0.95ｨC8.65 km). A total of 238ｨC 298 pairs of Steppe Eagles are estimated to breed in Mugodzhary. Short-Toed Eagle (Circaetus gallicus) During our surveys we found 10 breeding territories of the Short-Toed Eagle (fig. 6); active nests with clutches that consisted of an egg were found in 7 territories. One nest had a dead clutch, one nest was empty because of unknown reasons, and a pair exhibiting breeding behavior was noted in one breeding territory, although their nest was not found. In total we found 12 nests of the Short-Toed Eagle, 3 of which were old nests in occupied territories. Four nests (44.4%) were located on birch trees, mainly in branch forks on the middle parts of crowns at a height of 3ｨC6 m. Only one nest was located on the top of a birch tree. Three in 4 nests were located on single trees in creek valleys and only one nest was found in the edge of forested flood-lands. Six nests were on river cliffs and located on shelves in the middle part of cliff at a height of 4ｨC8 m. Exactly 3 nests were not built up by Short- Toed Eagles but probably by the Long-Legged Buzzards. Two nests of one pair (old and active) that were located were absolutely untypical: they were on the tops of rock ranges amongst hills and were built up on bushes (Caragana sp.) at a height of several centimeters. The average distance between nests of different pairs was 9.42 ﾀ6.08 km (n=8; 2.22 ｨC km). The average density in the middle part of Mugodzhary was 1.19 pairs/ 100 km 2 (0.69 ｨC 2.07 pairs/100 km 2 ). A total of 10ｨC16 pairs are estimated to live here. The density of the Short-Toed Eagle in the hilly area of the northern part of the eastern slope was 1.85 pairs/100 km 2 (including areas where species was not noted). A total of 25ｨC45 pairs are estimated to live in the territory. We project 70 pairs of the Short-Toed Eagle to breed in the whole territory of the Mugodzhary mountains. Long-Legged Buzzard (Buteo rufinus) We found 22 nests (12 active) in 19 breeding territories of buzzards (fig. 7): 2 active nests weren ｯt visited, 2 nests were with clutches (3 eggs per each), 8 nests contained broods. The average brood size was 3.0 ﾀ1.07 chicks (range 2ｨC4 chicks). Five