( ) Sun Microsystems, Inc Network Circle Santa Clara, CA U.S.A. Part No:

Transcription

1 ( ) Sun Microsystems, Inc Network Circle Santa Clara, CA U.S.A. Part No:

2 Copyright 2002 Sun Microsystems, Inc Network Circle, Santa Clara, CA U.S.A. All rights reserved. Berkeley BSD UNIX X/Open Company, Ltd. Federal Acquisitions: Commercial Software Government Users Subject to Standard License Terms and Conditions. HG L HG-MincyoL-Sun HG B HG-GothicB-Sun HG W3@X12 Sun Sun Microsystems docs.sun.com AnswerBook AnswerBook2 Sun Microsystems, Inc. ( Sun Microsystems ) Solaris Sun Microsystems SPARC SPARC International, Inc. SPARC Sun Microsystems OPENLOOK OpenBoot JLE Wnn Wnn6 Copyright OMRON Co., Ltd All Rights Reserved. Copyright OMRON SOFTWARE Co.,Ltd All Rights Reserved. ATOK ATOK Server/ATOK12 ATOK Server/ATOK12 (7 /5 ) ( ) Unicode Unicode, Inc. OPEN LOOK Sun Graphical User Interface Sun Microsystems Sun Microsystems Xerox Sun Microsystems Xerox Xerox Graphical User Interface Sun Microsystems DtComboBox DtSpinBox Interleaf, Inc. ( 1993 Interleaf, Inc.) ( ) ( ) : Common Desktop Environment: Internationalization Programmer s Guide Part No: Revision A @4660

3 (ICCC)

4 charset XmString ( ) DrawingArea Text TextField 44 Text[Field] 45 XIM 47 XIM 48 XIM XPG4/ UNIX 51 XPG4 51 Xlib 53 Xlib Text 57 ( ) 58 ( ) ( )

5 iconv iconv 69 X (ICCCM) ISO EUC 75 4 Motif Text TextField UIL default_charset 101 UIL Xt Xlib X Xt 110 5

6 Xlib X XmClipboard A ( )

7 ( ) 7

8 (UIL) 5 A 8 ( )

9 ISO C:ISO/IEC 9899: 1990, Programming Languages --- C (ANS X , Programming Language C ) ISO/IEC : 1990, (IEEE Standard ) Information Technology - Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX) - Part 1: System Application Program Interface (API) [C Language] ISO/IEC DIS : 1992, (IEEE Standard Draft) Information Technology - Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX) - Part 2: Shell and Utilities OSF/Motif 1.2: OSF Motif 1.2 Programmer s Reference Revision 1.2, Open Software Foundation, Prentice Hall, 1992, ISBN: Scheifler, W. R., X Window System, The Complete Reference to Xlib, Xprotocol, ICCCM, XLFD -XVersion 11, Release 5 Digital Press, 1992, ISBN: X/Open: X/Open CAE Specification System Interface Definition Issue 4, X/Open Company Ltd., 1992, ISBN: X/Open: X/Open CAE Specification Commands and Utilities Issue 4, X/Open Company Ltd., 1992, ISBN: X/Open: X/Open CAE Specification System Interface and Headers Issue 4, X/Open Company Ltd., 1992, ISBN: X/Open: X/Open Internationalization Guide X/Open Company Ltd., 1992, ISBN: ISO/IEC : 1993 (E): Information Technology - Universal Multi-Octet Coded Character Set (UCS). Part 1: Architecture and Basic Multilingual Plane Sun Sun 9

10 P 1 AaBbCc123 AaBbCc123 AaBbCc123.login ls -a system% system% su password: rm filename 5 \ sun% grep ^#define \ XV_VERSION_STRING C system% command y n [filename] Bourne Korn system$ command y n [filename] system# command y n [filename] [] filename 10 ( )

11 ( ) 1 ( : Shift ) Enter Return (-) 2 Ctrl-D Control D 11

12 12 ( )

13 (ICCC)

14 ( ) (UID) ( ) ( )

15 (L10N) X/Open CAE Specification System Interface Definition Issue 4, X/Open Company Ltd., 1992, ISBN: X/Open ASCII X/Open / ( ) ( ) POSIX ( 1 15

16 ) X/Open X/Open 2 X/Open Portability Guide (XPG2) Hewlett-Packard X/Open XPG4 X Window System, The Complete Reference to Xlib, Xprotocol, ICCCM, XLFD - X Version, Release 5 Digital Press, 1992, ISBN ANSI/IEEE Standard Portable Operating System Interface for Computer Environments IEEE. OSF TM Motif 1.2 Programmer s Reference Revision 1.2, Open Software Foundation, Prentice Hall, 1992, ISBN X/Open CAE Specification Commands and Utilities Issue 4, X/Open Company Ltd., 1992, ISBN ( ) 1 2 ( ) 16 ( )

17 1 2 ( $LANG xnllanguage ) LC_ALL LC_CTYPE LANG Xt LC_CTYPE LC_CTYPE 1 17

18 XtSetLanguageProc() ( setlocale()) setlocale() XtSetLanguageProc () XtSetLanguageProc() setlocale() ( ) setlocale() $LC_* $LANG setlocale (LC_ALL, ) LC_CTYPE: LC_ALL LC_TYPE LANG LC_COLLATE: LC_ALL LC_COLLATE LANG LC_TIME: LC_ALL LC_TIME LANG LC_NUMERIC: LC_ALL LC_NUMERIC LANG LC_MONETARY: LC_ALL LC_MONETARY LANG LC_MESSAGES: LC_ALL LC_MESSAGES LANG (-xnllanguage) (xnllanguage) RESOURCE_MANAGER RESOURCE_MANAGER X XFontStruct() XFontStruct() 18 ( )

19 Xlib XFontStruct() X (XLFD) XLFD charset ( ) charset charset XLFD CharSetRegistry CharSetEncoding ( : Xlib XFontSet()) 1 1 charset XFontSet() XLFD XLFD 1 XLFD XLFD charset 1 libxm Toolkit (XmFONTLIST_DEFAULT_TAG) libxm Toolkit XmString() 1 ( ) ( 1 ) libxm XmText() XmString() 1 Motif :( ) ( ) 1 19

20 (charset) X (XLFD) XLFD 14 -dt-application-medium-r-normal-serif-*-*-*-*-p-*-iso *-r-*-14-*iso (XLFD ) XLFD ( ) ja_jp 3 ( ) XLFD -dt-mincho-medium-r-normal--14-*-*-m-*-jisx , -dt-mincho-medium-r-normal--28-*-*-*-m-*-jisx : XLFD -dt-*-medium-*-24-*-m-*: ( )

21 (bold() italic() bigbold() ) XmString() XmFONTLIST_DEFAULT_TAG = ( ) =bigbold() = : ( ) :bigbold() :,( ) ;( ) 1 -*-r-*-14-*:, # default font list entry -*-b-*-18-*:bigbold # Large Bold fonts XLFD charset XLFD charset charset XLFD XLFD 1 21

22 charset charset charset CharSetRegistry CharSetEncoding XLFD charset 1 charset 1 XLFD Xlib charset 1 charset charset JIS ASCII ~( ) \( ) ( ) ( ) Xlib JIS ISO (XLFD CharSetRegistry CharSetEncoding ) charset XLFD XLFD XLFD charset charset charset 1 charset ISO JISX JISX GB charset "-dt-mincho-medium-r-normal-*-*-*-*-*-m-*-jisx ,\ -dt-mincho-medium-r-normal-*-*-*-*-*-m-*-jisx0201.jisx0201\ ,\ -dt-song-medium-r-normal-*-*-*-*-*-m-*-gb ,\ -*-default-bold-r-normal-*-*-*-*-m-*-iso8859-1" charset "-dt-fixed-medium-r-normal-*-*-*-*-*-m-*,\ -dt-fixed-medium-r-normal-*-*-*-*-*-m-*,\ -dt-fixed-medium-r-normal-*-*-*-*-*-m-*,\ -*-Courier-Bold-R-Normal-*-*-*-*-M-*" XLFD "-*-*-*-R-Normal--*-*-*-*-*-M-*" 22 ( )

23 Xlib Motif Xm Toolkit XmText[Field] () dtterm() libxm Toolkit XmNinputMethod() 1 23

24 1 3 VendorShell ( ) ( ) 4 OffTheSpot OverTheSpot ( ) Root None 24 ( )

25 OffTheSpot OffTheSpot VendorShell OffTheSpot ( ) OffTheSpot VendorShell() XmNpreeditType() XtSetValues() XmNpreeditType() TopLevelShell() ApplicationShell() DialogShell() 3 VendorShell() OverTheSpot ( ) OverTheSpot ( Text ) OverTheSpot

26 Text 1 5 OverTheSpot VendorShell() XmNpreeditType() XtSetValues() XmNpreeditType() TopLevelShell() ApplicationShell() DialogShell() 3 VendorShell() 1 5 VendorShell OverTheSpot ( ) Root Root Root OffTheSpot ( )

27 1 6 VendorShell Root ( ) OverTheSpot OffTheSpot VendorShell Root OffTheSpot VendorShell() VendorShell VendorShell 1 27

28 1 3 JIS VendorShell() MainWindow MainWindow (RowColumn() ) VendorShell() MainWindow() Motif 1 ( ) (ICCC) (ICCC) 2 ICCC 2 2 ( 1 (JIS) ) 28 ( )

29 2 ICCC 2 COMPOUND_TEXT (7 ASCII ) ISO XA_STRING COMPOUND_TEXT XA_STRING libxm 1 29

30 30 ( )

31 ( $LANG) Xm (libxm) Xm ( XtAppInitialize()) XtSetLanguageProc() 31

32 setlocale() ( LC_ALL LC_CTYPE LANG ) LC_CTYPE X Xm LC_MESSAGES 49 LC_CTYPE ( UIL ( ) ISO UNIX (EUC)) X11R5 ( ) XtSetLanguageProc() setlocale() XSupportsLocale() XSetLocaleModifiers() X Windows System ( )

33 1 charset 1 XLFD 2 2 -adobe-courier-medium-r-normal m-150-iso XLFD 2 iso ISO ISO charset charset app-defaults app-defaults XLFD Xlib XLFD charset Xlib charset XFontset X11R5 (API) 2 33

34 Xlib XFontSet() 1 charset XLFD XFontSet *fontset 54 (XmString ) Xlib Xt Xt /* pardon the double negative... means "If using Xt..." */ #ifndef NO_XT typedef struct { XFontSet fontset; char *foo; } ApplicationData, *ApplicationDataPtr; static XtResource my_resources[] = { { XtNfontSet, XtCFontSet, XtRFontSet, sizeof (XFontSet), XtOffset (ApplicationDataPtr, fontset), XtRString, "*-18-*"}} #endif /* NO_XT */... #ifdef NO_XT fontset = XCreateFontSet (dpy, "*-18-*", &missing_charsets, &num_missing_charsets. &default_string); if (num_missing_charsets > 0) { (void) fprintf(stderr, "&s: missing charsets.\n", program_name); XFreeStringList(missing_charsets); } #else XtGetApplicationResources(toplevel, &data, my_resources, XtNumber(my_resources), NULL, 0); fontset = data.fontset; #endif /* NO_XT */ 34 ( )

35 charset ( XFontStruct) charset XFontStruct XFontStruct *font XmString XmFontList 1 ( Bold Large Small ) XmString XLFD FontEntry *fontset: (Xlib) *fontlist : (Motif) app_foo*fontlist: -adobe-courier-medium-r-normal m-150-*: fontlist 1 24 Adobe Courier app_foo*fontlist: -adobe-courier-medium-r-normal--18-*; *-gothic-*-18-*: fontlist 18 Courier 18 Gothic Motif DrawingArea

36 XmFONTLIST_DEFAULT_TAG XmFONTLIST_DEFAULT_TAG codeset XmFONTLIST_DEFAULT_TAG XFontSet FontList2FontSet( XmFontList fontlist) { XmFontContext context; XmFontListEntry next_entry; XmFontType type_return = XmFONT_IS_FONT; char* font_tag; XFontSet fontset; XFontSet first_fontset; Boolean have_font_set = False; if (!XmFontListInitFontContext(&context, fontlist)) { XtWarning( fl2fs: can t create fontlist context... ); exit 0; } while ((next_entry = XmFontListNextEntry(context)!= NULL) { fontset = (XFontSet) XmFontListEntryGetFont(next_entry, &type_return); if (type_return == XmFONT_IS_FONTSET ) { font_tag = XmFontListEntryGetTag(next_entry); if (!strcmp(xmfontlist_default_tag, font_tag) { return fontset; } /* Remember the 1st fontset, just in case... */ if (!have_font_set) { first_fontset = fontset; have_font_set = True; } } } if (have_font_set) return first_fontset; return (XFontSet)NULL; } Xlib API XCreateFontSet() XLocaleOfFontSet() XFontsOfFontSet() 36 ( )

37 XBaseFontNameListOfFontSet() XFreeFontSet() Motif FontList API XmFontListEntryCreate() XmFontListEntryAppend() XmFontListEntryFree() XmFontListEntryGetTag() XmFontListEntryGetFont() XmFontListEntryLoad() charset X font charset XLFD 15 FAMILY_NAME %F WEIGHT_NAME %W SLANT %S ADD_STYLE %A SPACING %SP (POINT_SIZE) -dt-%f-%w-%s-normal-%a-*-*-*-%sp-* (app-defaults) 2 37

38 ISO FOUNDRY dt FAMILY_NAME interface user interface system application WEIGHT_NAME SLANT ADD_STYLE SPACING medium bold r i sans serif serif p m ISO8859 ISO JIS FOUNDRY dt FAMILY_NAME Gothic Mincho WEIGHT_NAME medium bold SLANT r ADD_STYLE * SPACING m KSC FOUNDRY dt FAMILY_NAME Totum Pathang WEIGHT_NAME medium bold SLANT r ADD_STYLE * SPACING m 38 ( )

39 FAMILY_NAME 2 Totum Kodig Dotum Pathang Myungo Myeongjo CNS FOUNDRY dt FAMILY_NAME Sung Kai WEIGHT_NAME medium bold SLANT r ADD_STYLE * SPACING m GB FOUNDRY dt FAMILY_NAME Song Kai WEIGHT_NAME medium bold SLANT r ADD_STYLE * SPACING m Motif Xlib 2 39

40 Xlib (char*) XmbDrawImageString() XmbDrawString() XmbDrawText() Xlib (wchar_t*) XwcDrawImageString() XwcDrawString() XwcDrawText() Xlib (char*) XExtentsOfFontSet() XmbTextEscapement() XmbTextExtents() XmbTextPerCharExtents() Xlib (char_t*) XExtentsOfFontSet() XwcTextEscapement() XwcTextExtents() XwcTextPerCharExtents() XmString ( ) Xm XmStringCreateLocalized() XmString XmFONTLIST_DEFAULT_TAG XmStringCreate() XmFONTLIST_DEFAULT_TAG XmStringConvertToCT() XmFONTLIST_DEFAULT_TAG Xm 40 ( )

41 XmString XmFONTLIST_DEFAULT_TAG XmFontList CreateFontList( Display* dpy, char* pattern) { SmFontListEntry font_entry; XmFontList fontlist; font_entry = XmFontListEntryLoad( dpy, pattern, XmFONT_IS_FONTSET, XmFONTLIST_DEFAULT_TAG); fontlist = XmFontListAppendEntry(NULL, font_entry); /* XmFontListEntryFree(font_entry); */ if ( fontlist == NULL ) { XtWarning( fl2fs: can t create fontlist... ); exit (0); } return fontlist; } int main(argc,argv) int argc; char **argv; { Display *dpy; /* Display */ XtAppContext app_context;/* Application Context */ XmFontList fontlist; XmFontSet fontset; XFontStruct** fontstructs; char** fontnames; int i,n; char *progrname; /* program name without the full pathname */ if (progname=strrchr(argv[0], / )){ progname++; } else { progname = argv[0]; } /* Initialize toolkit and open display. */ XtSetLanguageProc(NULL, NULL, NULL); XtToolkitInitialize(): 2 41

42 app_context = XtCreateApplicationContext(); dpy = XtOpenDisplay(app_context, NULL, progname, XMdemos, NULL, 0, &argc, argv); if (!dpy) { XtWarning( fl2fs: can t open display, exiting... ); exit(0); } fontlist = CreateFontList(dpy, argv[1] ); fontset = FontList2FontSet( fontlist ); /* * Print out BaseFontNames of Fontset */ n = XFontsOfFontSet( fontset, &fontstructs, &fontnames); printf( Fonts for %s is %d\n, argv[1], n); } for (i = 0 ; i < n ; ++i ) printf( font[%d} - %s\n, i,\ fontnames[i] ); exit(1); Xm_FONTLIST_DEFAULT_TAG fontlist XmFONTLIST_DEFAULT_TAG labelstring: Japanese string *fontlist: -dt-interfacesystem-medium-r-normal-l*-*-*-*-*-*-*: XmString XmStringCreateLocalized() XmStringDraw() XmStringDrawImage() XmStringDrawUnderline() XmString() XmStringCreateLtoR() XmStringSegementCreate() 42 ( )

43 Xlib Xlib XIM Text DrawingArea XmIm VendorShell XmIm Xlib XmIm Xlib PostScript TM 2 43

44 Xlib XNPreeditCallbacks XIM XIM Text TextField Text TextField Text[Field] XmTextField XmText XmText XmTextPosition() XmTextGetMaxLength() Text TextField XmNcolumns Text i 1 W 7 XmNcolumns 10 Text 10 Text Core W 10 i 70 XmNcolumns Text TextField 58 ( ) 44 ( )

45 Text[Field] TextField Text DrawingArea DrawingArea Xlib XIM Motif 1.2 XmIm XmIm XmIm Motif VendorShell XmIm Motif 1.2 XmIm Motif 1.2 OSF Motif 2.0 XmIm Motif 1.2 XmIm Motif 1.2 XmIm Xlib API 47 XIM Motif 1.2 XmIm xm.h XmImRegister() XmImSetValues() XmImSetFocusValues() XOpenIM() XIC XIC XmImUnsetFocus() 2 45

46 XmImMbLookupString() XmbLookupString() Xm 1 XmbLookupString() XmImUnregister() ( ) XmImSetValues() XmImSetFocusValues() ( ) VendorShell XmImSet[Focus]Values() XmNbackground XmNforeground XmNbackgroundPixma XmNspotLocation XmNfontList XmNlineSpace Pixel Pixel Pixmap XPoint Motif fontlist int ( ) XmIm XtSetLanguageProc(NULL, NULL, NULL) XmImRegister(widget) XmImSetValues() XIC arg_list number_args arglist XtSetArg() XtAddEventHandler() FocusChangeMask XmImSetFocusValues() 46 ( )

47 XmImUnsetFocus() DestroyCallback XmImUnregister() 1 ( spotlocation) XmImSetValues() XIM XIM XOpenIM() XCloseIM() XGetIMValues() XDisplayOfIM() XLocaleOfIM() XCreateIC() XDestroyIC() XIMOfIC() XSetICValues() XOpenIM() Xlib XNQueryInputstyle ( ) 0 X11R5 2 47

48 XGetICValues() 0 X11R5 XIM XIM XmbLookupString() XwcLookupString() XmbResetIC() XwcResetIC() XFilterEvent() XSetICFocus() XUnsetICFocus() char* NULL wchar_t* 48 ( )

49 XIM X (XIM) XIM XIM 3 XIM XIM : PreeditStartCallback XXIM : StatusStartCallback XIM : PreeditCaretCallback XIM : GeometryCallback XIM Preedit Callback: PreeditDoneCallback XIM Status Callbacks: StatusDoneCallback XIM Preedit Callback: PreeditDrawCallback XIM Status Callbacks: StatusDrawCallback

50 GUI (libxt) Xm LC_MESSAGES XtSetLanguageProc() XPG4 System V Release 4 (SVR4) 50 ( )

51 ( ) 1 ( ) XPG4 Xlib 2 XPG4/ UNIX XPG4 XPG4/ UNIX catopen() catgets() catclose() XPG

52 example.msg $quote $ every message catalog should have a beginning set number. $set 1 This is the set 1 of messages 1 Hello world\n 2 Good Morning\n 3 example: Read permission is denied for the file %s.\n $set 2 1 Howdy\n example.cat gencat gencat example example.msg #include <locale.h> #include <nl_types.h> char *MF_EXAMPLE = "example.cat" main() { nl_catd catd; int error; (void)setlocale(lc_all, ); catd = catopen(mf_example, 0); /* Get the message number 1 from the first set.*/ printf( catgets(catd,1,1, Hello world\n ) ); /* Get the message number 1 from the second set.*/ printf( catgets(catd, 2, 1, Howdy\n ) ); /* Display an error message.*/ } printf( catgets(catd, 1, 4, example: Permission is denied to read the file %s.\n ), MF_EXAMPLE); catclose(catd); 52 ( )

53 Xlib Xlib (I/O) XrmPutFileDatabase() XrmGetFileDatabase() XrmGetStringDatabase() XrmLocaleOfDatabase() X Window System, The Complete Reference to Xlib, Xprotocol, ICCCM, XLFD - X Version 11, Release 5 Xlib I/O ( ) XmLabel XmPushButton XmNlabelString XmMessageBox XmNmessageString /usr/lib/x11/%l/app-defaults XENVIRONMENT %L 2 53

54 2 2 XmString color char* Motif 1.2 Reference Manual app-defaults XmDrawnButton XmLabelWidget acceleratortext 2 2 Core *background: 1 XmCommand XmCommand XmFileSelectionBox XmFileSelectionBox XmFileSelectionBox XmFileSelectionBox XmLabel[Gadget] XmLabel[Gadget] XmLabel[Gadget] *command: *promptstring: *dirlistlabelstring: *filelistlabelstring: *filterlabelstring: *nomatchstring: *accelerator: *acceleratortext: *labelstring: 54 ( )

55 2 2 XmLabel[Gadget] XmList XmManager XmMessageBox XmMessageBox XmMessageBox XmMessageBox ( ) *mnemonic: *stringdirection: *stringdirection: *cancellabelstring: *helplabelstring: *messagestring: *oklabelstring: XmPrimitive *foreground: 1 XmRowColumn XmRowColumn XmRowColumn XmRowColumn(SimpleMenu*) XmRowColumn XmRowColumn XmRowColumn XmRowColumn XmSelectionBox XmSelectionBox XmSelectionBox XmSelectionBox XmSelectionBox XmSelectionBox XmSelectionBox *labelstring: *menuaccelerator: *mnemonic: *buttonaccelerators: *mnemonic: *mnemonic: *mnemonic: *mnemonic: *applylabelstring: *cancellabelstring: *helplabelstring: *listlabelstring: *oklabelstring: *selectionlabelstring: *textaccelerators: 1. X XmRowColumn XmRowColumn 2 55

56 XmCreateSimpleMenu() RowColumn *buttonaccelerator *buttonacceleratortext *buttonmnemonics *optionlabel *optionmnemonic RowColumn app-defaults XmStringList 2 3 XmList XmList XmSelectionBox *items: *selecteditems: *listitems: 2 4 *title: *iconname: char * XmString 2 4 TopLevelShell *iconname: TopLevelShell *iconnameencoding: 1 WmShell *title: WmShell *titleencoding: 1 56 ( )

57 2 4 ( ) XmBulletinBoard XmScale *dialogtitle: *titlestring: 1. XtSetLanguageProc ( ) Text 2 5 Text[Field] 2 5 Text[Field] XmSelectionBox *textcolumns: 1 XmSelectionBox *textstring: XmText *columns: 1 XmText XmText XmText XmText *modifyverifycallback: *modifyverifycallbackwcs: *value: *valuewcs: XmTextField *columns: 1 XmTextField XmTextField XmTextField XmTextField *modifyverifycallback: *modifyverifycallbackwcs: *value: *valuewcs: 1. *columns Text[Field]

58 ( ) 2 6 ( ) 2 6 VendorShell VendorShell *inputmethod: *preedittype: ( ) Core WMShell XmDragIcon XmDropSite XmLabel[Gadget] XmLabel[Gadget] XmMessageBox XmPushButton[Gadget] XmToggleButton[Gadget] XmToggleButton[Gadget] *backgroundpixmap: *iconpixmap: *pixmap: *animation[mask Pixmap]: *labelinsensitivepixmap: *labelpixmap: *symbolpixmap: *armpixmap: *selectinsensitivepixmap: *selectpixmap: 58 ( )

59 XmGetPixmapByDepth() XmGetPixmapByDepth() X XmGetPixmapByDepth() XtResolvePathname() XtResolvePathname() XmGetPixmapByDepth() XBMLANGPATH XBMLANGPATH XAPPLRESDIR XmGetPixmapByDepth() $XAPPLRESDIR XBMLANGPATH XAPPLRESDIR XmGetPixmapByDepth() %B XtResolvePathname () XmGetPixmapByDepth() %B XtResolvePathname() XtResolvePathname() %L %l %t %c ( ) %T %S XmGetPixmap() XmGetPixmap() ( XmGetPixmap() ) 2 8 XmFontList XmFontList ( ) 2 59

60 2 8 VendorShell VendorShell VendorShell VendorShell XmBulletinBoard XmBulletinBoard XmBulletinBoard XmBulletinBoard XmLabel[Gadget] XmList XmMenuShell XmMenuShell XmMenuShell XmText XmTextField *buttonfontlist: *defaultfontlist: *labelfontlist: *textfontlist: *buttonfontlist: *defaultfontlist: *labelfontlist: *textfontlist: *fontlist: *fontlist: *buttonfontlist: *defaultfontlist: *labelfontlist: *fontlist: *fontlist: ( )

61 2 9 mb <-> wcwc mbtowc mbstowcs wctomb wcstombs isalpha is* tolower toupper isalpha isw* wctype towlower towupper localeconv nl_langinfo strtol strtod strftime strptime strfmon strcat strcpy strncat strncpy wcstol wcstod wcstoi wcsftime wcscat wcsncat wcscpy wcsncpy strcoll wcscoll wcsxfrm strlen mblen wcscmp wcsncmp 2 61

62 2 9 ( ) strchr strcspn strpbrk strrchr strspn strtok wcschr wcscspn wcspbrk wcsrchr wcsspn wcstok wcswcs wcscspn I/O wcwidth 1 wcswidth I/O printf vprintf sprintf vsprint fprintf vfprint printf vprintf sprintf vsprint frpintf vfprint I/O scanf sscanf fscanf scanf sscanf fscanf I/O getc gets putc puts ungetc fgetwc fgetws fputwc fputws ungetwc gettxt catopen catgets catclose 62 ( )

63 2 9 ( ) iconv_open iconv iconv_close 1. (GUI)

64 64 ( )

65 ftp JIS ( ) ASCII 65

66 iconv() POSIX.2 uuencode uudecode 8 7 Xlib 7 ISO2022 MIME (Multipurpose Intrenet Message Extensions: ) base iconv() iconv ( ) 8 7 iconv_open() iconv() iconv_close() iconv() iconv_open() iconv() iconv() cd =iconv_open(locale_codeset, uuencoded ); 66 ( )

67 cd = iconv_open(uucode, locale_codeset ); 8 cd = iconv_open(locale_codeset, 8-bitinterchange ); cd = iconv_open(8-bitinterchange, locale_codeset ); 7 cd = iconv_open(locale_codeset, 7-bitinterchange ); cd = iconv_open(7-bitinterchange, locale_codeset ); locale_codeset nl_langinfo()(codeset) nl_langinfo() (CODESET) 3 1 iconv() 3 1 iconv ( : XYZ) XYZ 7 ISO ISO2022, ISO10646 OK OK OK 1 OK 3 67

68 3 1 iconv ( ) 7 uucode OK OK 8 base64 OK 1. ( ) ( ) 2 / 16 ESC$(B ESC(B 8 ASCII 0x43 EBCDIC 2 1 (ISO8859 ) ( PC Shift-JIS (SJIS) ) ( )

69 PC PC ISO/EUC ( / UNIX ) XPG4 iconv() iconv() iconv 1 XPG4 iconv() iconv_open() iconv () iconv_close() iconv_open() iconv() iconv_close() iconv() X/Open XPG4 3 69

70 X (ICCCM) Xlib X ICCCM XmbTextPropertyToTextList() XmbTextListToTextProperty() ICCCM XwcTextPropertyToTextList() XwcTextListToTextProperty() libxm() XmStringConvertToCT() XmStringConvertFromCT() XmString bold() XmStringConvertToCT() 126 XICCEncodingStyle() XCompundTextStyle() XmbTextListToTextProperty() XwcTextListToTextProperty() WMShell() XmNtitle() XmNtitleEncoding() TopLevelShell() XmNiconName() XmNiconNameEncoding() XmBulletinBoard() XmNdialogTitle() #include Widget <nl_types.h> toplevel; 70 ( )

71 Arg int XTextProperty char nl_catd al[10]; ac; title; *localized_string; fd; XtSetLanguageProc( NULL, NULL, NULL ); fd = catopen( "my_prog", 0 ); localized_string = catgets(fd, set_num, mes_num, "defaulttitle"); XmbTextListToTextProperty( XtDisplay(toplevel), &localized_string, 1, XCompoundTextStyle, &title); ac = 0; XtSetArg(al[ac], XmNtitle, title.value); ac++; XtSetArg(al[ac], XmNtitleEncoding, title.encoding); ac++; XtSetValues(toplevel, al, ac); XmbSetWMProperties() XICCEncodingStyle ( ) SMTP ( ) SMTP 7 ( ) MIME 8 7 MIME (base64 ) RFC (Request for Comments) 1521 MIME 3 71

72 1 ASCII JIS ( ) ISO ISO ( ) ( ) ASCII 7 ASCII 7 ASCII 7 ASCII 72 ( )

73 7 ASCII ISO646 (0-9) 2 (GL) 0-7 (GR) 8-F 2 ISO C0 C1 PC C1 6 ( 3 1 ) 3 73

74 3 1 ISO ISO646-IRV C0 1 ISO ( )

75 EUC ( UNIX ) EUC ISO EUC EUC EUC EUC eucjp EUC JIS (CS0) ISO646 (MSB) 1 1 ( ) 3 (CS2) SS2 ( 2 0x8e) EUC 3 SS2 4 (CS3) SS3 ( 3 0x8f) EUC 4 SS3 ISO EUC ISO ( ) ISO646-IRV ISO ISO8859-x eucjp euctw euckr 3 75

76 ISO646-IRV ISO646-IRV 7 ASCII ISO ISO ISO ANSI ( ) ECMA ( ) ISO ASCII ISO8859 ISO ISO Latin-1 2 ISO646-IRV 7 ASCII ISO ( ) ASCII GR ( ) ISO8859 ISO8859 ASCII ISO No.2-76 ( )

77 ISO / ( ) ISO / ISO / ISO / ISO / 3 77

78 eucjp EUC (2 3 ) ISO2022 JIS EUC 3 2 eucjp CS cs0 0xxxxxxx ASCII cs1 1xxxxxxx 1xxxxxxx JIS X cs2 0x8E 1xxxxxxx JIS X cs3 0x8F 1xxxxxxx 1xxxxxxx JIS X JIS X (1990 ) JIS X JIS X (1990 ) euctw EUC (2 4 ) EUC ISO2022 EUC CNS (Chinese National Standard) ( )

79 3 3 euctw CS cs0 0xxxxxxx ASCII cs1 1xxxxxxx 1xxxxxxx CNS plane 1 cs2 0x8EA2 1xxxxxxx 1xxxxxxx CNS plane 2 cs3 0x8EA3 1xxxxxxx 1xxxxxxx CNS plane 3 0x8EB0 1xxxxxxx 1xxxxxxx CNS Plane 16 CNS (94 94) CNS CNS EUC A1A1-FDCB EA2 A1A1-8EA2 F2C4 3 Exec. Yuen EDP EA3 A1A1-8EA3 E2C6 4 RIS EA4 A1A1-8EA4 EEDC 5 MOE EA5 A1A1-8EA5 FCD1 6 MOE EA6 A1A1-8EA6 E4FA 7 MOE EA7 A1A1-8EA7 E6D EA8 A1A1-8EA8 FEFE 9 0 8EA9 A1A1-8EA9 FEFE EAA A1A1-8EAA FEFE EAB A1A1-8EAB FEFE 12 (UDC) 0 8EAC A1A1-8EAC FEFE 13 UDC 0 8EAD A1A1-9EAD FEFE 14 UDC 0 8EAE A1A1-8EAE FEFE 15 UDC 0 8EAF A1A1-8EAF FEFE 16 UDC 0 8EB0 A1A1-8EB0 FEFE 1. EDP: 2. RIS: 3. MOE: 3 79

80 euckr EUC ( 3 5 ) ISO2022 KSC ( ) EUC 3 5 euckr CS cs0 0xxxxxxx ASCII cs1 1xxxxxxx 1xxxxxxx KS C cs2 cs3 KSC (1992 ) ( )

81 4 Motif Motif UID ( ) (XPG3 ) 1 1 (POSIX LANG LC_*) xnllanguage XtSetLanguageProc() setlocale() Xt XtResolvePathname() UIL ( ) 81

82 Xt (XtAppInitialize () ) XtSetLanguageProc() Xt Xt setlocale(lc_all, language); language xnllanguage xnllanguage ( ) xnllanguage (POSIX LANG) XSupportsLocale() C XSetLocaleModifiers() ANSI C setlocale(lc_all, NULL); XtSetLanguageProc() XtSetLanguageProc(NULL, NULL, NULL);.. toplevel = XtAppInitialize(...); Xt XtSetLanguageProc() Xt xnllanguage xnllanguage Xt LANG Xt 82 ( )

83 Motif ( ) {tag, element } element char font1[] = "-adobe-courier-medium-r-normal m-60"; font_list_entry = XmFontListEntryLoad (displayid, font1, XmFONT_IS_FONTSET, "font_tag"); XmFontListEntryLoad() 4 displayid fontname nametype tag (nametype ) fontname nametype XmFONT_IS_FONTSET XmFontListEntryLoad() fontname nametype 4 Motif 83

84 XmFONT_IS_FONT XmFontListEntryLoad() fontname font_list_entry XmFontList font_list; XmFontListEntry font_list_entry;.. font_list = XmFontListAppendEntry (NULL, font_list_entry); XmFontListEntryFree (font_list_entry); XmFontListAppendEntry() XmFontListEntryCreate() XFontSet font2; char *font_tag; XmFontListEntry font_list_entry2;.. font_list_entry2 = XmFontListEntryCreate (font_tag, XmFONT_IS_FONTSET, (XtPointer)font2); font2 XCreateFontSet() XFontSet XmFontListEntryCreate() font_tag XmFONT_IS_FONTSET font2 {tag, element} XmFontListAppendEntry() font_list = XmFontListAppendEntry(font_list, font_list_entry2); XmFontListEntryFree(font_list_entry2); 84 ( )

85 =( ) = ( ), ( ) =( ) :( ) ;( ),( ) XmFONTLIST_DEFAULT_TAG *fontlist: fixed *fontlist: \ -adobe-courier-medium-r-normal m-60-iso *fontlist: fixed=roman, 8x13bold=BOLD 2 *fontlist: fixed, 8x13bold=BOLD XmFONTLIST_DEFAULT_TAG Xlib *fontlist: -dt-application-medium-r-normal-*-m*-*-*-*-m-* 4 Motif 85

86 Xlib MY_TAG *fontlist: -dt-application-medium-r-normal-*-m*-*-*-*-m*:my_tag Xlib *fontlist: -dt-application-medium-r-normal-*-m*-*-*-*-m-*:,\ -dt-application-medium-r-normal-style2-m*-*-*-*-m-*:bold XmFontList() 1 XFontStruct XFontSet charset ( ) X ( ) XFontStruct XmFontList XmFontList fontentry baselist fontsetid fontname fontid := <fontentry> {, fontentry} := <fontname><fontid> <baselist><fontsetid> := <fontname>{ ; <fontname>} := : <string> <defaultfontset> := <XLFD string> := = <string> <defaultfont> XLFD string := XLFD defaultfont := NULL defaultfontset:= : NULL string := ISO646IRV XmFontList fontentry (XmString) ID (fontid fontsetid) defaultfont defaultfontset fontentry XmFontList 1 86 ( )

87 XmFONTLIST_DEFAULT_TAG XmString fontentry fontentry fontentry charset ID (fontid fontsetid) XmFontList Text TextField ( ) ( ) 4 XmFONTLIST_DEFAULT_TAG 4 Motif 87

88 2 XmFONTLIST_DEFAULT_TAG XmFONTLIST_DEFAULT_TAG 90 Text TextField PushButton Label XmNlabelString XmString 88 ( )

89 XmStringCreateLocalized() XmFONTLIST_DEFAULT_TAG XmNlabelString 1 #include <nl_types.h> Widget button; Args args[10]; int n; XmString button_label; nl_msg my_catd; (void)xtsetlanguageproc(null,null,null);.. button_label = XmStringCreateLocalized (catgets(my_catd, 1, 1, "default label"), XmFONTLIST_DEFAULT_TAG); /* Create an argument list for the button */ n = 0; XtSetArg (args[n], XmNlabelString, button_label); n++; /* Create and manage the button */ button = XmCreatePushButton (toplevel, "button, args, n); XtManageChild (button); XmStringFree (button_label); form1 Form *form1.button.labelstring: Push Here XmFONTLIST_DEFAULT_TAG 4 Motif 89

90 1. 2. XmFONTLIST_DEFAULT_TAG XmSTRING_DEFAULT_CHARSET 4 1 XmFONTLIST_DEFAULT_TAG 90 ( )

91 4 1 XmFONTLIST_DEFAULT_TAG tagb XFontSet *font1; XmFontListEntry font_list_entry; XmFontList font_list; XmString label_text; char **missing; int missing_cnt; char *del_string; char *tagb; /* Font list element tag */ char *fontx; /* Initialize to XLFD or font alias */ char *button_label; /* Contains button label text */.. font1 = XCreateFontSet (XtDisplay(toplevel), fontx, & missing, & missing_cnt, & def_string); font_list_entry = XmFontListEntryCreate (tagb, XmFONT_IS_FONTSET, (XtPointer)font1); font_list = XmFontListAppendEntry (NULL, font_list_entry); XmFontListEntryFree (font_list_entry); label_text = XmStringCreate (button_label, tagb); XCreateFontSet() XmFontListEntryCreate() XmFontListAppendEntry() NULL 4 Motif 91

92 XmFontListAppendEntry() font_list_entry font_list font_list 4 2 XmFONTLIST_DEFAULT_TAG 4 2 XmFONTLIST_DEFAULT_TAG Font_Set_C Font_Set_C 92 ( )

93 Text TextField Text TextField Text TextField 1. XmFONTLIST_DEFAULT_TAG VendorShell VendorShell 1 VendorShell VendorShell VendorShell VendorShell VendorShell XmNinputMethod VendorShell 4 Motif 93

94 XmNinputMethod XmNinputMethod modifier VendorShell ( ) 1 (Text ) VendorShell VendorShell TransientShell TopLevelShell TopLevelShell Diagshell VendorShell VendorShell 1 XmText[Field] XmText[Field] VendorShell VendorShell XmText[Field] VendorShell VendorShell XmIm OffTheSpot OverTheSpot Root None Text Text 94 ( )

95 VendorShell ( EUC ( UNIX ) ) VendorShell VendorShell VendorShell Text TextField (XmBulletinBoard XmRowColumn ) Text ID VendorShell VendorShell XmNpreedetType OffTheSpot OverTheSpot 23 (TopLevelShell ) true VendorShell VendorShell VendorShell VendorShell ( ) VendorShell VendorShell 4 Motif 95

96 VendorShell ( ) ( 20 ) VendorShell VendorShell VendorShell VendorShell VendorShell VendorShell VendorShell VendorShell VendorShell ( ) VendorShell ( )

97 4 3 TopLevelShell (VendorShell ) 5 XmText XmBulletinBoard ( ) OverTheSpot VendorShell 1 TopLevelShell 1 Text Text Text Text ( ) Text 4 Motif 97

98 UIL ( ) UIL UID ( ) UIL charset UIL ( ) font UIL UIL UID UIL cur_charset default_charset default_charset XmNlabelString = XXXXXX ; XmNlabelString = #default_charset XXXXXX ; 98 ( )

99 LANG UIL UIL *fontlist: -*-r-*-20-*: UIL 3 (FONT FONTSET FONT_TABLE) FONT FONTSET FONT_TABLE FONT XLFD FONTSET XLFD FONT FONTSET CHARACTER_SET CHARACTER_SET UIL CHARACTER_SET uil -s Uil() use_setlocale_flag XmFONTLIST_DEFAULT_TAG UIL LANG LANG XmFALLBACK_CHARSET FONT_TABLE FONT FONTSET UIL 4 Motif 99

100 *preedittype: OverTheSpot OffTheSpot Root None UID UIDPATH XAPPLRESDIR uil_sample (LANG en_us) $HOME/en_US uil_sample.uid uil_sample.uid UIDPATH uil_sample.uid uil_sample (LANG ja_jp) $HOME/ja_JP ( ) uil_sample.uid uil_sample.uid UIDPATH uil_sample.uid %U UID %N %L xnllanguage LC_CTYPE %l xnllanguage LC_CTYPE XAPPLRESDIR MrmOpenHierarchy() UID 1. UID 2. $UIDPATH 3. %U 4. $XAPPLRESDIR/%L/uid/%N/%U 5. $XAPPLRESDIR/%l/uid/%N/%U 6. $XAPPLRESDIR/uid/%N/%U 7. $XAPPLRESDIR/%L/uid/%U 8. $XAPPLRESDIR/%l/uid/%U 9. $XAPPLRESDIR/uid/%U 10. $HOME/uid/%U 11. $HOME/%U 12. /usr/lib/x11/%l/uid/%n/%u 100 ( )

101 13. /usr/lib/x11/%l/uid/%n/%u 14. /usr/lib/x11/uid/%n/%u 15. /usr/lib/x11/%l/uid/%u 16. /usr/lib/x11/%l/uid/%u 17. /usr/lib/x11/uid/%u 18. /usr/include/x11/uid/%u XAPPLRESDIR MrmOpenHierarchy() XAPPLRESDIR $HOME UIL default_charset default_charset LANG el_gr default_charset LANG ja_jp default_charset EUC cur_charset cur_charset default_charset : uil_sample 4 4 UIL 4 Motif 101

102 4 4 UIL LLL LLL ( ) uil_sample.uil!! sample uil file - uil_sample.uil!! C source file - uil_sample.c!! Resource file - uil-sample.resource! module Test version = v1.0 names = case_sensitive objects = { XmPushButton = gadget; }!************************************! declare callback procedure!************************************ procedure exit_cb ;!***************************************************************! declare BulletinBoard as parent of PushButton and Text!*************************************************************** object bb : XmBulletinBoard { arguments{ XmNwidth = 500; XmNheight = 200; }; controls{ XmPushButton pb1; 102 ( )

103 XmText text1; }; };!****************************! declare PushButton!**************************** object pb1 : XmPushButton { arguments{ XmNlabelString = #Normal LLLexit buttonlll ; XmNx = 50; XmNy = 50; }; callbacks{ XmNactivateCallback = procedure exit_cb; }; };!*********************! declare Text!********************* text1 : XmText { arguments{ XmNx = 50; XmNy = 150; }; }; end module; /* * C source file - uil_sample.c * */ #include <Mrm/MrmAppl.h> #include <locale.h> void exit_cb(); static MrmHierarchy hierarchy; static MrmType *class; /******************************************/ /* specify the UID hierarchy list */ /******************************************/ static char *aray_file[] = { uil_sample.uid }; static int num_file = (sizeof aray_file / sizeof aray_file[0]); /******************************************************/ /* define the mapping between UIL procedure names*/ /* and their addresses */ /******************************************************/ static MRMRegisterArg reglist[]={ { exit_cb,(caddr_t) exit_cb } 4 Motif 103

104 UIL UIL 3 UID UIL UIL (&) UIL UID UIL UIL UID 2 ( ) UIL UIL 8 16 UIL CHARACTER_SET [character_string] [#char_set] [character_string] character_string UIL LANG LANG LANG XmFALLBACK_CHARSET XmFALLBACK_CHARSET ISO #char_set string char_set character_string CHARACTER_SET UIL use_setlocale_flag 104 ( )

105 CHARACTER_SET CHARACTER_SET uil -s Uil() use_setlocale_flag UIL setlocale() XmFONTLIST_DEFAULT_TAG CHARACTER_SET uil -s Uil() use_setlocale_flag UIL LANG LANG LANG XmFALLBACK_CHARSET UIL COMPOUND_STRING UIL \( ) ( ) 4 Motif 105

106 106 ( )

107 5 Xt Xlib Xt Xlib Xlib X X 1 Xlib ANSI ( ) C setlocale () setlocale() C Xlib Xlib LC_CTYPE XSupportsLocale() X X X X 107

108 X setlocale() XSupportsLocale() XSetLocaleModifiers() 3 X 1 XSetLocaleModifiers() Xlib 1 ( ) ( ) Xlib XSetLocaleModifiers() X / setlocale XSupportsLocale XSetLocaleModifiers 108 ( )

109 5 1 ( ) setlocale XrmDatabase XrmGetFileDatabase XrmGetStringDatabase XrmPutFileDatabase XrmLocaleOfDatabase Xrm Xrm setlocale XmbSetWMProperties ( WM_property ) setlocale XmbTextPropertyToTextList XwcTextPropertyToTextList XmbTextListToTextProperty XwcTextListToTextProperty / setlocale XOpenIM XIM. XIM XIC XCreateIC XLocaleOfIM XmbLookupText XwcLookupText XIC setlocale XCreateFontSet XFontSet Charset XFontSet setlocale XmbDrawText, XwcDrawText XExtentsOfFontSet XmbTextExtents, XwcTextExtents Xlib XGetErrorDatabaseText XGetErrorText 5 Xt Xlib 109

110 X C X C C X Xlib Xlib X ( Xlib XSetLocaleModifiers() ) ANSI C Xlib ANSI C mblen() mbtowc() wctomb() strtok() Xt Xt 2 XtSetLanguageProc() XtDisplayInitialize() XtSetLanguageProc Xt XtSetLanguageProc() 1 XtSetLanguageProc (NULL, NULL, NULL) ( XtAppInitialize() ) XtSetLanguageProc() ( catopen() ) setlocale() XtLanguageProc typedef String(*XtLanguageProc)(displayID,languageID, clientdata); Display *displayid; 110 ( )

111 String languageid; XtPointer clientdata; displayid languageid clientdata XtSetLanguageProc() XtDisplayInitialize() XtDisplayInitialize() XtDisplayInitialize() XtSetLanguageProc() XtLanguageProc XtSetLanguageProc(applicationcontext, procedure, clientdata) XtAppContext applicationcontext; XtLanguageProc procedure; XtPointer clientdata; applicationcontext procedure clientdata XtSetLanguageProc() XtDisplayInitialize() applicationcontext ( ) procedure XtSetLanguageProc() XtSetLanguageProc () ANSI C setlocale (LC_ALL, language ) XtWarning() 5 Xt Xlib 111

112 XSupportsLocale () XtWarning() C XSetLocaleModifiers() ANSI C setlocale (LC_CTYPE, NULL) XtDisplayInitialize() XtSetLanguageProc() Widget top; XtSetLanguageProc(NULL, NULL, NULL); top = XtAppInitialize(... );... XtDisplayInitialize XtDisplayInitialize() ( ) 1. (argv) XtDisplayInitialize() display display XtDisplayInitialize() XResourceManagerString() XResourceManagerString() $HOME/.Xdefaults name.xnllanguage class.xnllanguage name class LANG 112 ( )

113 XtResolvePathname() (displayid, applicationdefaults, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, 0, NULL) XtAppSetFallbackResources() XtResolvePathname() (displayid, NULL, NULL, NULL, path, NULL, 0, NULL) path path XUSERFILESEARCHPATH XENVIRONMENT XtDisplayInitialize().Xdefaults-host host 1 5 Xt Xlib 113

114 2 ( XmLabel) 1 DrawingArea XmString Xlib Xlib Xlib 1 charset XFontSet XCreateFontSet() XFontsOfFontSet() XFontStruct XFontSet XFontSet XBaseFontNameListOfFontSet() XFontSet XLocaleOfFontSet() XLocaleOfFontSet() XFontSet XFreeFontSet() XFontStruct XFontSetExtents ( ) Xlib 114 ( )

115 XmbTextPerCharExtents() XwcTextPerCharExtents() XmbDrawString() 2 2 XmbDrawString() ( ) XContextDependentDrawing () XExtentsOfFontSet() XFontSet XmbTextEscapement() XwcTextEscapement() XmbTextExtents() XwcTextExtents() ( overall_ink_return overall_logical_return) XmbTextPerCharExtents() XwcTextPerCharExtents() XDrawText() XDrawString () XDrawImageString() BadFont (GC) 5 Xt Xlib 115

116 XmbDrawText() XwcDrawText() drawable XmbDrawString() XwcDrawString() drawable XmbDrawImageString() XwcDrawImageString() Xlib Motif Text[Field] XmIm API Xlib 126 Xlib Xlib ( ) 2 ( ) ( )

117 24 ( 14 10) ( ) ( ) 50, ,000 15,000 30, ( ) 2 5 Xt Xlib 117

118 ( ) 16 ( ) ( ) 1 (LED) Xlib 118 ( )

119 OnTheSpot OverTheSpot OffTheSpot Root RootWindow Xlib ( ) XIM XOpenIM() X XIM ( ) 5 Xt Xlib 119

120 Xlib Xlib XIC ( )

121 1 1 XIC XCreateIC() XIM XCloseIM() ( ) XmbLookupString() XwcLookupString() XmbLookupString() XwcLookupString() Xlib XmbLookupString() XwcLookupString() XSetICFocus() 5 Xt Xlib 121

122 XUnsetICFocus() XSetICFocus() X Xlib (OnTheSpot ) Xlib ( ) XGetIMValues() XIMStyles XIMPreeditArea() XIMStatusArea () XNInputStyle XIC 122 ( )

123 XNAreaNeeded 0( ) 1 XIC XNAreaNeeded XIC XNArea IC XNFontSet XNLineSpacing X XmbLookupString() XwcLookupString() ( ) Xt XIC XNFilterEvents 0 5 Xt Xlib 123

124 OnTheSpot XmbLookupString() XwcLookupString() OnTheSpot 1 1 X keysym keysym xmodmap X Version 11 Release 4 (X11R4) keysym ( NoSymbol ) keysym K K NoSymbol K NoSymbol ( NoSymbol ) keysym K1 K2 K1 K2 K1 K2 124 ( )

125 ( NoSymbol ) keysym K1 K2 K3 K1 K2 K3 NoSymbol void VoidSymbol 4 2 keysym keysym keysym 2 NoSymbol keysym K 1 K 2 K keysym 1 2 keysym keysym MODE SWITCH keysym keysym Mod1 Mod5 1 2 keysym 1 keysym Shift Lock 2 keysym Shift Lock 2 keysym Lock ShiftLock Lock CapsLock Shift keysym keysym keysym keysym keysym Lock KeyMask CapsLock ShiftLock keysym 5 Xt Xlib 125

126 ICCC ( ) ICCC XmText XmTextField dtterm ICCC XmText XmTextField dtterm ICCC ICCC XA_TARGETS COMPOUND_TEXT XA_STRING XA_TEXT ( ) COMPOUND_TEXT COMPOUND_TEXT XA_STRING XA_STRING XA_STRING XA_STRING ISO ( )

127 XA_TARGET 1 COMPOUND_TEXT XA_STRING XA_TEXT 1 XA_TEXT COMPOUND_TEXT XA_STRING XmbTextPropertyToTextList() XwcTextPropertyToTextList() COMPOUND_TEXT XA_STRING XmClipboard XmClipboard XmText XmTextField ICCC XmText XmTextField ICCC XmText XmTextField COMPOUND_TEXT XA_STRING 5 Xt Xlib 127

128 VendorShell XtNtitleEncoding XtNiconNameEncoding None libxm.a libxt.a XA_STRING ( ) XmNtitle XmNiconName ICCC XtNtitleEncoding XtNiconNameEncoding XtNtitle XtNiconName None ICCC ( COMPOUND_TEXT XA_STRING ) XtNtitleEncoding XtNiconNameEncoding XtNtitle XtNiconName ICCC COMPOUND_TEXT XA_STRING XmBulletinBoard XmNdialogTitle charset X charset XmFONTLIST_DEFAULT_TAG charset ISO ( )

129 XmString XmFONTLIST_DEFAULT_TAG PC ISO I/O ( ) ( ) XmLabel XmPushbutton XmNlabelString XmMessageBox XmNmessageString /etc/dt/app-defaults/%l XENVIRONMENT %L 5 Xt Xlib 129

130 2 130 ( )

131 A msg.cat.msg.cat X/Open gencat *.cat 131

132 Bad arg Do not specify more than 2 files on the command line Line too long Line cannot exceed 20 characters 138 C ($) 1 gencat $ This is a comment %s %c %d $set 132 ( )

133 %s \n ( n ) 1 2 \t ( t ) \n\ ( n ) OPIE foo: Opening the file. 1 1 (a an the) The foo command displays a calendar. The foo command will display a calendar. A 133

134 (I we) you 1 2 MYNUM Month and year must be entered as numbers. MYNUM foo: Enter month and year as numbers.\n ID ( ) specify use check choose wait 1 2 BADL Don t use the f option more than once. BADL foo: Use the -f flag only once.\n solution a problem ( architect a system ) re- un- in- non- previous premature nonexistent error(s) error or errors 2 cannnot %s %c %d and/or or 24 a.m. p.m. 1:00 p.m. 13: ( )

135 s abort argument execute 1 del Usage: del {File... -} File Directory String Number ( ) Num Number [] {} 2 1 ( ) 1 [a b] a b a b {a b} a b A 135

136 .. ( 1 ) - banner String 1 unget [-n] [-rsid] [-s] {File -} wc [-cwl] {File... -} get -aaijlmm get Usage: get [-e -k] [-ccutoff] [-ilist] [-rsid] [-wstring] [xlist] \ [-b] [-gmnpst] [-l[p]] File... Retrieves a specified version of a Source Code Control System (SCCS) file. POSIX.2 POSIX.2 Press the key (Press Ctrl-D ) Try again later parameter ( ) value ( ) 136 ( )

137 command option ( ) flag ( ) , ** Total ** log in log off Log in to the system; enter the data; then log off. user name group name login The user name is sam. The group name is staff. The login directory is /u/sam. super user ( ) root user ( ) command string ( ) A-1 A 1 Cannot find or open the file. Cannot find or access the file. The syntax of a parameter is not valid. Can t open filename. Can t access syntax error A-2 A 137

138 A 2 11 Specify a range end point that is less than The character or characters between \{ and \} must be numeric. 25 Specify a \digit between 1 and 9 that is not greater than the number of subpatterns. 36 A delimiter is not correct or is missing. 41 There is no remembered search string. Range end point too large. Bad number. \digit out of range. Illegal or missing delimiter. No remembered search string. 42 There is a missing \( or \). \(\) imbalance. 43 Do not use \( more than 9 times. Too many \(. 44 Do not specify more than 2 numbers between \{ and \}. 45 An opening \{ must have a closing \}. 46 The first number cannot exceed the second number between \{ and \}. 48 Specify a valid end point to the range. More than two numbers given in \{ and \}. } expected after \. First number exceeds second in \{ and \}. Invalid end point in range expression. 49 For each [ there must be a ]. [ ] imbalance. 50 The regular expression is too large for internal memory storage. Simplify the regular expression. Regular expression overflow. AFLGKEYLTRS Too Many -a Keyletters (Ad9) AFLGKEYLTRS foo: Use the -a flag less than 11 times.\n FLGTWICE Flag %c Twice (Ad4) 138 ( )

139 FLGTWICE foo: Use the %c header flag once.\n ESTAT can t access %s.\n ESTAT foo: Cannot find or access %s.\n EMODE foo: invalid mode\n EMODE foo: A mode flag or value is not correct.\n DNORG -d has no argument (ad1) DNORG foo: Specify a parameter after the -d flag.\n FLOORRNG floor out of range (ad23) FLOORRNG foo: Specify a floor value greater than 0\n\ \tand less than \n AFLGARG bad -a argument (ad8) AFLGARG foo: Specify a user name, group name, or\n\ \tgroup number after the -a flag.\n BADLISTFMT bad list format (ad27) BADLISTFMT foo: Use numeric version and release\ \tnumbers.\n A 139

140 140 ( )

141 A app-defaults, 33 C charset, 128 CNS, 79 D DBCS (double-byte character set), 107 default_charset, 101 dtterm ICCC, 28 ICCC, 126 ICCC ( ), 128, 128, 128, 126, 126, 128 ICCC XmClipboard, 127, 126, 127 iconv, 66, 69 ISO8859-1, 76 ISO646-IRV, 76 ISO EUC, 75 E eucjp, 78 euckr, 80 euctw, 78 K keysym keysym, 124, 124 I ICCC dtterm, 126 XmClipboard, 127 XmTextField, 126 XmText, 126 L libxm,

142 O OffTheSpot, 25 OverTheSpot,, 25 R Root, 26 T TextField, 93 Text, 95 Text, 93 U UID, 100 UID MrmOpenHierarchy, 100 UIL, UIL, 101 UIL CHARACTER_SET, 104 UIL, 99 UIL ( ), UIL, 98, 101 V VendorShell VendorShell, 96, 96, 93, 93, 93, 96, 93, 27, 93, 96 VendorShell ( ), 28, 24, 28, 28 X X/Open, 16 XFontStruct, 86 XIM, 48, 47, 49 Xlib, 124 Xlib, 123 Xlib, 53 Xlib Xlib, 114 XLoadQueryFont, 91 XmClipboard ICCC, 127 ICCC, 127 XmTextField, 127 XmText, 127 XmFontListEntryLoad, 83 XmFontList, 86 XmGetPixmapByDepth, 58 XmIm, 45 XmNinputMethod, 94 XmNlabelString, 89 XmStringCreate, 92 XmStringCreateLocalized, 92 XmStringCreateLtoR, 92 XmStringLoadQueryFont,,, 86 XmString, 42 XmTextField ICCC, 126 XmText ICCC, 126 XmText, 44 XPG4, 51 XtAppSetFallbackResources Xt, ( )

143 XtDisplayInitialize XtDisplayInitialize, 112 Xt, 113, 112, 112 XtDisplayInitialize, 112 XtResolvePathname, Xt, 113 XtSetLanguageProc, 82, 110 Xt XtAppSetFallbackResources, 113 XtDisplayInitialize, 112, 113 XtResolvePathname, 113, 110 X (ICCCM), 70 X (XLFD) XLFD, 33, 33, 21, 13, 96, 65, 70, 70, 128, 128, 29, 129 ( ), 129, 129, 72, 60 UIL ( ), 98, 29, 29 ICCC, 28 Xt, 110, 116, 21, 23, 23, 23, 18, 18, 18, 18, 18, 18,, 81 UID, 100 UIL,

144 keysym, 124, 124, 124, 124 ICCC, 128, 23 setlocale, 17, 17, 60, 124, 13, 96, 23, 27, 28, 24 ~, 28, 28, 15 ICCC, 126 ICCC, 126, 128, 129, 15, 81, 82 XmNlabelString, 89 eucjp, 78 euckr, 80 euctw, 78 EUC ( UNIX ), 75 ISO8859-1, 76 ISO646-IRV, 76 ISO EUC, 75, 74, 73, 72, 68, 68, 74, 74 ISO8859, 76, 65, 66, 74,, 87, 87, 72 ICCC, 126 Xlib, 118 Xt, 110 X, 107, 16, 15, 15, 16, 13 Xlib, 116, 118, 21, 107 UIL, 99, 100 ICCC, 126 UIL, 99, 100 charset, 98, 98, 98, ( )

145 ( ) Xt, 110, 116, 129 VendorShell, 94, 95, 93, 96, 95 XmFontList, 86 XmString, 86, 108 setlocale, 17, 129 UIL, 104, 87, 87, 87, 88, 89, 90, 87, 89, 87, 87 TextField, 95 Text, 95 Xlib, 122 XmBulletinBoard, 95 XmRowColumn, 95, 95, 95 ICCC, 126 ( ) ICCC, 128, 68, 135 ICCC, 126, 69, 27, 88, 129 ISO8859, 76, 129, 129,, 128 ICCC, 126 DrawingArea, 43 Text, 45 Xlib, 120, 43,

146 , Xlib, 114, 57, 129, 129 ICCC, 128, 24, 28 Text, 95 VendorShell, 93 XmbLookupString XwcLookupString, 121, 96 XmNinputMethod, 94, 93, 96, 93, 58, 95, 65, 65, 43, 58,, 41, 16, 16, 131 XmbLookupString XwcLookupString, 121, 96, 28, 97, 28 Motif, 36 X Windows, 32, 37, 35, 35, 33, 35, 33, 33, 35, 86, 36, 32 Xlib, 114 Xlib, 114, 20 UIL, 99, 85, 115, 21, 21, 83, 83, 92, 35 TextField, 93 Text, 93, 83, 20, 90, 87, 93, 84, 92, ( )

147 OffTheSpot, 25 OverTheSpot, 25 Root, 26, 24 OffTheSpot, 25 OverTheSpot, 25 Root, 26 VendorShell, 24, 25, 65, 21, 51 iconv, 69 Xlib, 70, 68, 69, 69 ( ), 132, 129, 135, 129 Xlib, 53 XPG4, 51, 51, 131, 133, 132, 138, 104 UIL default_charset, 101 UIL, 104, 104 UIL, 98,, 108, 28, 54 ICCC, 127 VendorShell, 94, 28, 129, 137, 51, 133, 136, 129, 56, 54, 54, 56, 56, 54, 56 UIL, 100 UIL, 100,

148 ( ), 129, 100, 124, 129, 129, 70, 49, 39, 49, 86, 43, 42, 40, 32, 50, 50, 50, 54 Text, 57, 54, 54, 56, 58, 129, 15, 15 UIL, 98 Xt, 110 X, 107, 32, 13, 31, 13 ( ), 108, 107, 33, 32, 31, 32, ( )