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1 Bull. Natl. Mus. Nat. Sci., Ser. E, 37, pp , December 22, Development of Hatcho-Throwing-Machine and Chirimen Fabrics in Early Edo Period Yoshikazu TANABE National Museum of Nature and Science, Amakubo, Tsukuba, Ibaraki , Japan tanabehome@sound.ocn.ne.jp Abstract In the early Edo period, soft kimonos (Japanese clothes) were demanded by townspeople because they could move around comfortably. One of key technology is the dyeing technique with various designs, and the other the throwing technique of silk threads, which is indispensable for chirimen fabrics (a kind of Japanese silk crepes). Yuzen-zome dyeing technique was developed ahead and the hatcho-throwing-machine was later developed in Nishijin where was one of the most powerful area of silk textile industry in Kyoto at that time. The hatcho-throwing-machine is characterized that each spindle is directly connected to the big wheel with a single string (or belt), which is called the parallel connection. On the other hand, the spindles of Chinese ones are rotated in good order with the direct connection. The developed time of hatcho-throwing-machine was specified in the Tenna era ( ). Key words: Hatcho-Throwing-Machine, Chirimen Fabrics (Silk Crepe), Yuzen-zome Dyeing Technique, Production Amount of Silk Fabrics and Raw Silk m 1736

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