14 19 1 (IPCC) 1861 0.6±0.2 20 10cm 20cm 50 21 1.4 5.8 21 9cm 88cm 2 (1) () 1992 5 6 1993 5 1994 3 1990 1990 1990 1
(2) 2002 1997 12 3 (The Con ference of the PartiesCOP3) (CO2)(CH4)(N2O) (HFC)(PFC)(SF6) 2008 2012 1 1990 5 6 7EU 8 ( 6 ((JI) ) 12 ((CDM) ) 17 ) 2001 10 11 COP7 () COP7 EU 2002 COP3() 14 2 13 8 9 () ( 10 6 ) 3 6 1990 10 2000 1990 2000 1997 12 1998 6 2010 ( 10 117 ) ( 54 49 ) 1999 ( 1990 1995 ) 6.92010 7 2
6(6) 6 1 6 (1) 6 2008 2012 1 6 6 6 6 (2) 6 21 2 (1) 6 (2) 2002 1 2002 2004 1 2005 2007 2 1 (2008 2012 ) 3 3 1 16 2 3 (3) (1)(2) (4) 3
1 1999 13 1400 t CO2 2010 13 2000 t CO2 7 () 12 2900 t CO2 6 6 11 5500 t CO2 6 13 ( 1 6500 t CO2) 2 6 1 1 1990 1990 0.5 1 1990 2 1 3 (HFCPFCSF6) 1 1995 2 3 3 4 COP7 1,300 t C(4,767 t CO2 3.9) 3 6 4 6 ( 111 ) 4
1 ( ) 6 ( 9 8 22 ) 2 9 2 GDP 90 2000 90 10() 6 2010 1990 1998 () 2010 1990 20 1998 2010 1126 t CO2 1053 t CO2 1990 73 t CO2 1990 2010 1990 2010 () 22 t CO2 34 t CO2 18 t CO2 2010 462 t CO2( 7) 260 t CO2( 2) 250 t CO2(17)(( ) 1990 ) 5
6 () 90 1990 1990 1995 1990 171995 1999 1995 11 1999 1995 5.6 1990 2010 5000 KL 700 KL 22 t CO2 (1) 6
3 1 1997 6 2010 1990 ±0 (2) IT 2001 7
IT (BEMS) ESCO(Energy Servise Company) (HEMS) IT (HEMS) (3) 1998 OA 1998 OA 2010 8
() () CO2 1W (4) ( ) (5) 9
(ITS) (TDM) (6) (7) 2010 10
1 ( ) ( 2010 1990 ±0 ) 2,010 Kl 6,050 t CO2 40 Kl 110 t CO2 50 Kl 150 t CO2 2001 2001 2010 2 ( ) 540 Kl ( ) 2007 ( 2004 ) 63 () 14 () 1998 OA (TVVTR ) TV 2003 16 VTR 2003 59 2005 120 Kl 290 t CO2 11
17 2006 30 2005 83 2005 78 2004 30 ( 2 ) 3,040 t CO2 50 Kl (2010 400 ) 110 t CO2 40 Kl 110 t CO2 50 Kl 180 t CO2 860 Kl 2008 5 (2,000m2 ) 2006 8 3,560 t CO2 ( 11 3 ) ( ) () ( 11 3 ) ( ) () () (HEMS) 12
90 Kl (2010 30 ) 290 t CO2 BEMS 160 Kl (2010 30 ) 770 t CO2 (BEMS) ESCO(Energy Service Company) 3 ( ) () 1,390 t CO2 540 Kl ( ) () 2010 23 () 2005 15 () 2010 13 () 2005 7 ( 2 ) () 220 t CO2 80 Kl () 260 t CO2 () 100 Kl () 2001 4 1998 2.5t 2002 3 IT () ( 2004 500 50 ) 2002 (2003 9 2003 9 ) 13
() 110 t CO2 40 Kl ( 30 ) () 80 t CO2 30 Kl () 70 t CO2 20 Kl (TDM) 2001 (TDM) (ITS) () 370 t CO2 140 Kl (ETC)2002 900 VICS() (2002 ) (MODERATO) (EPMS) (MOCS) ITS ETC 3 VICS 1995 2010 4 2001 14
() 40 t CO2 10 Kl () 70 t CO2 20 Kl () 340 t CO2 130 Kl (2010 25(1630 )) 1995 2010 2 LED SOHO SOHO () 150 t CO2 50 Kl (TDM) 2002 2002 44 2001 () 260 t CO2 100 Kl( 2005 44 2006 ) 2007 2006 AIS( ) 15
() 470 t CO2 180 Kl () 520 t CO2 200 Kl ( 8,000 ) () 30 t CO2 10 Kl( 3.6 ) () 290 t CO2 110 Kl(1996 2010 1.5 25t 7 ) () 180 t CO2 70 Kl( 9,300 ) 2002 2002 (1995 2010 310km ) (1995 2010 100km ) IC 2001 (TDM) (PTPS) () 40 t CO2 10 Kl ( 7 ) () 16
110 t CO2 40 Kl( 7) 9 (1) 1 ( ) 2010 1,910 Kl 3,400 t CO2 2010 348 464 kw 220 kw ) ) () 17
() 4 ( ) 2010 1,910 Kl 1998 2010 878 Kl 2010 1,910 Kl 2001 () 3,400 t CO2 2010 1,910 Kl 18
() 482 kw ( 100 ) 300 kw 417 kw 33 kw 439 Kl ( 900 ) 58 Kl 14 Kl 67 Kl 494 Kl (2) 832010 2010 1990 18 t CO2 18 t CO2 () () 5 ( ) CO2 1,800 t CO2 ( ) 19
(3) 135 kw 1990 0.7 2010 2000 3 () () (MOX ) 3 1999 (5,400 t CO2) 1990 12.8 1999 1990 12.4 ( ) 2 1999 (2,300 t CO2) 1990 1.5 20
1999 ( 2,500 t CO21,800 t CO2)1990 12.421.1 2010 1990 2.8( 0.29) 1990 4.8( 0.5) 6 ( ) ( 300 t CO2) 24 47 20 m3 ( 11 9 ) ( 12 6 ) ( 13 5 ) 300 t CO2 25 m3 () 14 ha( ) ( 42 t CO2) 21
() 6.4 t 30 t ( 120 t CO2) () ( 874 t CO2) ( 140 t CO2) ( 5 t CO2) ( 70 t CO2) 1,509 t CO2 ( 1.23) 302 t CO2 ( 0.25) 1) 260 t CO2 2) 2010 122 t CO2 ( 0.5) 4 3 (1) 3 3(1999 CO2 ) 3,400 t CO2 22
10 2 HFC ( ) 10 4 ( 10 19 ) HFC 2000 1995 26.2 (2) 3,400 t CO2 3 (PFC) SF6 3 HFC HFC 13 4 ( ) 14 () 4 HFC 7 3 ( ) 10 19 23
(PFC) SF6 HFC23 3,400 t CO2 HFC 3,400 t CO2 3 2010 73 t CO2 () (2) 5( 107 t CO2) 5 21 1 2 2010 2010 24
( 13 3 ) 8 ( ) ( 744 t CO2) 744 t CO2 ( 0.6) 6 1 2 1.8 (2001 7 ) 25
() (1) () () (2) () (1999 5 ) () 26
9 ( ) 28 20 30( 4485 t CO2) (354412 t CO2) 60(74141 t CO2) 30 (35 68 t CO2) ( )40(160118 t CO2) 30 (85 t CO2) 30( 676937 t CO2) 2 (341 467 t CO2) 1 1 (19 35 t CO2) 1 1 (93 t CO2) (1528 t CO2) (2446 t CO2) (4485 t CO2) (83 t CO2) (10 t CO2) ( )(917 t CO2) 2040(1428 t CO2) 20 40( 81162 t CO2) 1 27
( 23 t CO2) 20 40 CO2 2002 28 20 40( ) ( 83156 t CO2) 60(64122 t CO2) 5050(1732 t CO2) 20(2 t CO2) 30( 2341 t CO2) ( )(1831 t CO2) (1 3 t CO2) (47 t CO2) 2040( ) (15 t CO2) ( 60 t CO2) ( 200 t CO2) ( ) ( ) ( 25123 t CO2) () 318388 t CO2(0.3) 1,244 1,834 t CO2(1.0 1.5) 7 (1) 2001 10 28
3 3 4 ( 3.94,767 t CO2) 3.9 () 10 ( ) ( ) 2003 1 (2000 ) 1,030 ha (2010 ) 1,020 ha 2012 10 ( 29
90 ha 1,390 ha 2,510 ha 140 ha 1,350 ha 2,510 ha 10 ) 3,930 m3 20 m3 4,410 m3 25 m3 (9800 3 ) 4 ha 30 ha 31.5 ha 2.5 ha 2.5 ha ( ) 5 NPO 20 m3 25 m3 (19982000 ) 3,550 t CO2 4,770 t CO2 (2) 30
1 0.02(28 t CO2) 11 ( ) 1990 2010 7 5 (()) 28 t CO2 ( 0.02) NPO 8 (1) () ((JI)(CDM)) (2) (JI) 6 () (CDM) 12 17 (JI)(CDM) () 6 1 12 5(a) ((JI)() ) (JI)(CDM)2000 (CDM) 2000 31
(JI)(CDM) () 2006 (JI)(CDM) (JI)(CDM) () 6 1(a) 12 5(a) (JI) (CDM) (JI)(CDM) () 8 (COP8) 6 () 1) (JI)(CDM) (JI)(CDM) (JI)(CDM) 2) (JI) (CDM) (JI) 3) CDM 2008 2008 32
2008 9 (1) () () (2) (3) 1 1 2 3 2004 2007 2 33
( ) () 6 (1) (2) (3) 3 3 (4) (5) (6) 34
1 1 () IPCC COP9( 15 ) IPCC 1 1 ( 13 3 ) ODA 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 20082012 35
36