FileMaker 13 ODBC JDBC
2004-2013 FileMaker, Inc. All Rights Reserved. FileMaker, Inc. 5201 Patrick Henry Drive Santa Clara, California 95054 FileMaker Bento FileMaker, Inc. FileMaker WebDirect Bento FileMaker, Inc. FileMaker FileMaker, Inc. FileMaker E URL E URL Acknowledgements URL FileMaker, Inc. http://www.filemaker.co.jp 01
1 5 5 ODBC JDBC 5 ODBC FileMaker 6 ODBC 6 ODBC 6 FileMaker 7 FileMaker Pro 7 8 8 8 8 2 SQL 9 ODBC 9 ODBC SQL 10 ODBC 11 FileMaker 13 11 ODBC 12 3 FileMaker ODBC 13 13 ODBC Windows 13 ODBC OS X 13 13 ODBC 14 ODBC Windows 14 Windows 15 ODBC Windows 15 DSN Windows 15 ODBC OS X 17 OS X 18 19
4 4 ODBC FileMaker 20 ODBC 20 ODBC 21 FileMaker 22 Windows FileMaker 22 FileMaker DSN ODBC Windows 22 ODBC Windows 23 ODBC Windows 24 OS X FileMaker 25 FileMaker DSN ODBC OS X 25 ODBC OS X 25 ODBC OS X 27 5 FileMaker JDBC 28 28 28 JDBC 28 JDBC 29 6 JDBC FileMaker 30 JDBC 30 JDBC 30 JDBC 31 JDBC URL 31 URL 33 FileMaker 33 JDBC 34 7 35 ODBC 35 JDBC 35 FileMaker ODBC 35 FileMaker JDBC 36 64 36 ODBC JDBC 37 ODBC 37 JDBC 37 38
1 FileMaker ODBC Open Database Connectivity JDBC Java Database Connectivity FileMaker ODBC JDBC 1 FileMaker Pro 1 FileMaker Pro Advanced 1 FileMaker Server 1 ODBC FileMaker 1 SQL ODBC 1 FileMaker 1 FileMaker Pro ODBC 1 FileMaker Pro ODBC JDBC www.filemaker.co.jp/documentation 1. 2. ODBC [ ] > [ ] [ ] [SQL ] [ExecuteSQL] 1. ODBC JDBC 2. SQL 1 ODBC JDBC SQL 1 FileMaker Pro Advanced FileMaker Pro FileMaker Pro FileMaker Pro Advanced FileMaker www.filemaker.co.jp Web 1 FileMaker Pro 1 FileMaker Pro Advanced 1 FileMaker Server 1 2 1 FileMaker Pro 1 3 6 1 FileMaker SQL ODBC JDBC ODBC JDBC API ODBC C API JDBC Java API API FileMaker Pro FileMaker Server ODBC JDBC SQL SQL
1 6 ODBC JDBC API FileMaker ODBC FileMaker ODBC FileMaker SQL FileMaker ODBC SQL ODBC ODBC ODBC ODBC 1 [ ] ODBC FileMaker Pro SQL SQL 1 [ ] [SQL ] [ExecuteSQL] FileMaker SQL SQL ODBC SQL ODBC ODBC FileMaker SQL FileMaker SQL ODBC ODBC FileMaker SQL 1 ODBC 1 ODBC ODBC 1 1 FileMaker ODBC FileMaker Pro ODBC SQL FileMaker Pro Oracle SQL Server MySQL FileMaker Pro ODBC 2 SQL FileMaker ODBC
1 7 FileMaker FileMaker ODBC JDBC FileMaker FileMaker ODBC JDBC SQL FileMaker FileMaker Pro FileMaker Server FileMaker Pro FileMaker ODBC JDBC FileMaker FileMaker FileMaker Server FileMaker Pro Web FileMaker FileMaker FileMaker ODBC ODBC ODBC JDBC FileMaker Pro FileMaker Server ODBC JDBC 1 ODBC FileMaker 3 FileMaker ODBC 1 FileMaker FileMaker ODBC 4 ODBC FileMaker 1 JDBC FileMaker 5 FileMaker JDBC 1 FileMaker JDBC FileMaker Java 6 JDBC FileMaker 1 FileMaker ODBC JDBC 7 FileMaker Pro FileMaker Server ODBC JDBC SQL FileMaker SQL ODBC/JDBC FileMaker Server FileMaker Pro ODBC JDBC FileMaker FileMaker
1 8 Microsoft Access: Microsoft Access FileMaker Microsoft Access Microsoft Access FileMaker Server FileMaker TCP/IP FileMaker Pro FileMaker Pro FileMaker Server 13 FileMaker 13 FileMaker Pro FileMaker Server 3 FileMaker ODBC 5 FileMaker JDBC FileMaker DSN DSN FileMaker DSN
2 SQL ODBC FileMaker SQL FileMaker ODBC SQL ODBC ODBC ODBC ODBC ODBC Oracle Oracle ODBC ODBC SQL ODBC FileMaker Pro SQL ODBC FileMaker Pro ODBC Oracle Microsoft Access FileMaker Pro FileMaker Pro [ ] [ ] [SQL ] [ExecuteSQL] ODBC ODBC 1. ODBC 2. FileMaker Pro ODBC DSN 3. ODBC 4. FileMaker Pro 1 FileMaker Pro [ ] > [ ] > [ODBC...] 1 FileMaker Pro [ ] > [...] [ ] [ ] Windows [ ] OS X [ODBC...]
2 SQL 10 5. [OK] FileMaker Pro SQL 6. FileMaker Pro SQL SQL [WHERE] [ORDER BY] SQL Query SQL [ ] [SQL ] [ExecuteSQL] FileMaker ODBC [SQL ] SQL FileMaker Pro Advanced SQL FileMaker FileMaker Pro ODBC SQL ODBC FileMaker Pro [SQL ] [ExecuteSQL] SQL [SQL ] INSERT UPDATE DELETE SQL [ExecuteSQL] SELECT FileMaker Pro SQL FileMaker Pro SQL Server SQL [SQL ] [ExecuteSQL] FileMaker FileMaker Pro
2 SQL 11 ODBC ODBC FileMaker SQL ODBC FileMaker Pro FileMaker Server SQL ODBC FileMaker Pro FileMaker Pro FileMaker Pro FileMaker Server SQL FileMaker Pro FileMaker 13 ODBC FileMaker ODBC SQL 1 Oracle 11g 1 SQL Server 2008 R2 1 SQL Server 2012 1 MySQL 5.5
2 SQL 12 ODBC ODBC FileMaker Pro 1. ODBC 2. FileMaker Pro ODBC DSN 3. ODBC 4. ODBC FileMaker Pro 5. FileMaker Pro 6. ODBC ODBC ODBC ODBC ODBC FileMaker Pro
3 FileMaker ODBC ODBC FileMaker ODBC ODBC FileMaker xdbc URL : http://www.filemaker.co.jp/support/technologies FileMaker Server FileMaker FileMaker SQL ODBC ODBC Windows 1 Windows 7 SP1 Windows 8 Windows Server 2008 R2 SP1 Windows Server 2012 1 GB RAM 1 Microsoft Data Access Components MDAC 2.8 SP1 MDAC Windows Windows ODBC OS X 1 Intel OS X 1 1 GB RAM 2 GB 1 OS X 10.7.x OS X 10.8.2 FileMaker FileMaker TCP/IP
3 FileMaker ODBC 14 ODBC FileMaker Windows OS X 32 64 32 64 ODBC ODBC ODBC 32 32 ODBC 64 64 ODBC Windows Windows 32 64 32 Windows 32 64 Windows 32 64 ODBC : 1. 1.exe 1 2. FileMaker Pro FileMaker Server xdbc 3. xdbc ODBC Client Driver Installer 4. ODBC Client Driver Installer 1 32 fmodbc32.dll 32 [FMODBC_Installer_Win32.msi] 1 64 fmodbc64.dll 64 [FMODBC_Installer_Win64.msi] FileMaker ODBC Driver Setup Wizard 5. ODBC 6. [ ] ODBC 1 32 Windows 32 fmodbc32.dll c: windows system32 1 64 Windows 32 fmodbc32.dll c: windows SysWOW64 1 64 Windows 64 fmodbc64.dll c: windows system32 FileMaker ODBC [FileMaker ODBC]
3 FileMaker ODBC 15 Windows ODBC FileMaker FileMaker 2399 ODBC Windows 32 32 ODBC 64 64 ODBC 32 Windows 32 ODBC Windows [ ] > [ (ODBC)] [ ] [ ] 32 [ODBC ] 64 Windows 32 ODBC 1. SysWOW64 SysWOW64 c: windows SysWOW64 2. odbcad32.exe 32 [ODBC ] 64 Windows 64 ODBC Windows [ ] > [ (ODBC)] [ ] [ ] 64 [ODBC ] DSN Windows FileMaker Pro DSN 32 ODBC FileMaker Server DSN 64 ODBC [SQL ] FileMaker Pro 32 DSN 32 DSN FileMaker Server 64 DSN
3 FileMaker ODBC 16 ODBC 1. [ODBC ] [ DSN] [ DSN] 2. [...] [ ] 3. [FileMaker ODBC] [ ] [FileMaker DSN ] 4. [ ] 5. [ ] FileMaker [ ] FileMaker [ ] 6. [ ] 1 FileMaker Pro localhost IP 127.0.0.1 1 FileMaker Server FileMaker Server IP ODBC/JDBC [ ] [ ] [ ] 7. [ ] FileMaker FileMaker Server [ ] FileMaker Server [ ] [ ] 1 [ ] [ ] 1 [ ] [ ] [UTF-8] Microsoft Excel [ ] Web [UTF-8] MS Word 255 PHP [ long varchar ] 255 Windows 255 OS X [ ] [ ]
3 FileMaker ODBC 17 8. FileMaker DSN 1 [ ] FileMaker ODBC FileMaker FileMaker ODBC/JDBC FileMaker Server FileMaker Pro ODBC/JDBC 1 [ ] ODBC OS X OS X 32 64 / /ODBC FileMaker ODBC.bundle ODBC ODBC : 1. 1.dmg 1 2. FileMaker Pro FileMaker Server xdbc 3. xdbc ODBC Client Driver Installer 4. ODBC Client Driver Installer [FileMaker ODBC.mpkg] FileMaker ODBC Driver Installer 5. ODBC 6. [ ] ODBC / /ODBC ODBC FileMaker ODBC [FileMaker ODBC]
3 FileMaker ODBC 18 OS X ODBC FileMaker www.odbcmanager.net FileMaker Actual Technologies ODBC Manager 32 64 1 ODBC 32 64 ODBC FileMaker DSN 32 64 ODBC FileMaker 2399 ODBC 1. ODBC Manager ODBC Manager 2. [ DSN] [ DSN] [...] [ ] 3. [FileMaker ODBC] [OK] [FileMaker DSN ] 4. [ ] 5. [ ] FileMaker [ ] FileMaker [ ] 6. [ ] 1 FileMaker Pro localhost IP 127.0.0.1 1 FileMaker Server FileMaker Server IP ODBC/JDBC [ ] [ ] [ ] 7. [ ] FileMaker FileMaker Server [ ] FileMaker Server [ ] [ ] 1 [ ] [ ]
3 FileMaker ODBC 19 1 4 ODBC [ ODBC API ] 1 SQL_C_CHAR SQL_C_WCHAR [ Unicode ] 1 [ ] [ ] [UTF-8] Microsoft Excel [ ] Web [UTF-8] MS Word 255 PHP [ long varchar ] [ ] [ ] 8. FileMaker DSN 1 [ ] FileMaker ODBC FileMaker FileMaker ODBC/JDBC FileMaker Server FileMaker Pro ODBC/JDBC 1 [ ] SQL FileMaker ODBC [ ] [SQL ] ODBC FileMaker 4 ODBC FileMaker
4 ODBC FileMaker ODBC FileMaker ODBC FileMaker FileMaker ODBC FileMaker ODBC FileMaker Pro ODBC SQL ODBC ODBC SQL 2 SQL ODBC ODBC API ODBC ODBC SQL SQL FileMaker ODBC SQL FileMaker SQL ODBC FileMaker SQL FileMaker FileMaker Server FileMaker /
4 ODBC FileMaker 21 Oracle ODBC SQL Server ODBC FileMaker ODBC Oracle Microsoft SQL Server FileMaker ODBC ODBC ODBC FileMaker 1 Microsoft Word 1 Microsoft Excel 1 FileMaker Microsoft SQL Server DBMS 1 FileMaker 1 FileMaker Pro Microsoft Visual Basic FileMaker FileMaker Pro [ODBC/JDBC ] FileMaker Server FileMaker Pro ODBC/JDBC FileMaker Pro FileMaker Server FileMaker ODBC FileMaker 13 FileMaker 13 ODBC FileMaker XDBC Listener OS X Windows FileMaker XDBC Listener fmxdbc_listener FileMaker XDBC Listener FileMaker Server FileMaker Server Admin Console XDBC Listener FileMaker Server ODBC/JDBC [ ] XDBC Listener ODBC/JDBC [ ] XDBC Listener
4 ODBC FileMaker 22 FileMaker ODBC SQL FileMaker SQL ODBC FileMaker 1. FileMaker Pro [ODBC/JDBC ] 2. FileMaker Server FileMaker Server Admin Console FileMaker Pro ODBC/JDBC FileMaker Server Admin Console [ ] > [ODBC/JDBC] [ODBC/JDBC ] FileMaker Pro [ ] > [ ] > [ODBC/JDBC...] [ODBC/JDBC ] [ ] 3. FileMaker FileMaker FileMaker 4. FileMaker 5. SQL FileMaker FileMaker DSN FileMaker Windows FileMaker FileMaker DSN ODBC Windows FileMaker DSN DSN FileMaker ODBC FileMaker FileMaker ODBC 15 Windows
4 ODBC FileMaker 23 ODBC Windows ODBC ODBC 32 32 ODBC 64 64 ODBC 32 Windows 32 ODBC Windows [ ] > [ (ODBC)] [ ] [ ] 32 [ODBC ] 64 Windows 32 ODBC 1. SysWOW64 SysWOW64 c: windows SysWOW64 2. odbcad32.exe 32 [ODBC ] 64 Windows 64 ODBC Windows [ ] > [ (ODBC)] [ ] [ ] 64 [ODBC ] ODBC 1. [ODBC ] [ DSN] [ DSN] 2. FileMaker [ ] [ ] [FileMaker ODBC] 3. [...] [FileMaker DSN ] 4. [ ] FileMaker [ ] FileMaker [ ]
4 ODBC FileMaker 24 5. [ ] FileMaker Pro FileMaker 127.0.0.1 localhost FileMaker Server FileMaker FileMaker Server IP ODBC/JDBC [ ] 6. [ ] FileMaker FileMaker Server [ ] FileMaker Server [ ] [ ] 1 [ ] [ ] 1 [ ] [ ] [UTF-8] Microsoft Excel [ ] Web [UTF-8] MS Word 255 PHP [ long varchar ] [ ] 7. [ ] 8. [ ] [FileMaker DSN ] ODBC Windows FileMaker ODBC 1. Windows [ ] > [ (ODBC)] [ ] [ ] [ODBC ] 2. [ DSN] [ DSN] 3. FileMaker [ ] [ ] [FileMaker ODBC]
4 ODBC FileMaker 25 4. [...] [FileMaker DSN ] 5. [ ] [ ] 6. [ ] FileMaker [ ] [ ] 1 FileMaker 1 1 FileMaker [ODBC/JDBC ] 1 FileMaker Server FileMaker Pro ODBC/JDBC OS X FileMaker FileMaker DSN ODBC OS X FileMaker DSN DSN FileMaker ODBC FileMaker FileMaker ODBC 18 OS X ODBC OS X www.odbcmanager.net FileMaker Actual Technologies ODBC Manager 32 64 1 ODBC 32 64 ODBC FileMaker DSN 32 64 ODBC ODBC 1. ODBC Manager ODBC Manager 2. [ DSN] [ DSN] 3. FileMaker [ ] [ ] [FileMaker ODBC]
4 ODBC FileMaker 26 4. [...] [FileMaker DSN ] 5. [ ] 6. [ ] FileMaker [ ] 7. [ ] FileMaker Pro FileMaker 127.0.0.1 localhost FileMaker Server FileMaker FileMaker Server IP ODBC/JDBC [ ] 8. [ ] FileMaker FileMaker Server [ ] FileMaker Server [ ] [ ] 1 [ ] [ ] 1 4 ODBC [ ODBC API ] 1 SQL_C_CHAR SQL_C_WCHAR [ Unicode ] 1 [ ] [ ] [UTF-8] Microsoft Excel [ ] Web [UTF-8] MS Word 255 PHP [ long varchar ] [ ] 9. [ ] 10. [ ] [FileMaker DSN ]
4 ODBC FileMaker 27 ODBC OS X FileMaker ODBC 1. ODBC Manager ODBC Manager 2. [ DSN] [ DSN] 3. FileMaker [ ] [ ] [FileMaker ODBC] 4. [...] [FileMaker DSN ] 5. [ ] [ ] 6. [ ] FileMaker [ ] [ ] 1 FileMaker 1 1 FileMaker [ODBC/JDBC ] 1 FileMaker Server FileMaker Pro ODBC/JDBC
5 FileMaker JDBC JDBC FileMaker FileMaker DVD xdbc URL : http://www.filemaker.co.jp/support/technologies FileMaker Server FileMaker FileMaker SQL JDBC FileMaker JDBC FileMaker JDBC JDK 1.6 Java Windows OS X java -version FileMaker TCP/IP JDBC JDBC JDBC : 1. 1 Windows:.exe 1 OS X:.dmg 1 2. FileMaker Pro FileMaker Server xdbc 3. xdbc JDBC Client Driver Installer 4. fmjdbc.jar
5 FileMaker JDBC 29 1 Windows: fmjdbc.jar Java java.exe Java ClassPath 1 OS X: fmjdbc.jar / /Java/Extensions Java ClassPath FileMaker JDBC JDBC JDBC Java JDBC JDBC URL FileMaker JDBC 2399 2399 JDBC JDBC 6 JDBC FileMaker
6 JDBC FileMaker Java JDBC RAD Rapid Application Development FileMaker Java JDBC Java FileMaker JDBC JDBC SQL Java API JDBC JDBC SQL JDBC Java FileMaker SQL FileMaker FileMaker Server Java FileMaker / Java JDBC FileMaker JDBC Java Java RAD JDBC Java JDBC JDBC JDBC Java JDBC URL JDBC URL
6 JDBC FileMaker 31 JDBC JDBC JDBC 3.0 FileMaker 1 1 1 1 1 Ref 1 CLOB ARRAY REF 1 1 DATALINK 1 1 JDBC SPI JDBC Java Development Kit (JDK) 1.6 1.7 FileMaker JDBC Java JDBC Java com.filemaker.jdbc.driver FileMaker FileMaker JDBC JDBC FileMaker FileMaker XDBC Listener OS X Windows FileMaker XDBC Listener fmxdbc_listener FileMaker XDBC Listener FileMaker Server FileMaker Server Admin Console XDBC Listener FileMaker Server ODBC/JDBC [ ] XDBC Listener ODBC/JDBC [ ] XDBC Listener JDBC URL Java URL Uniform Resource Locator JDBC URL JDBC JDBC URL jdbc:< >:< > JDBC URL JDBC jdbc < > JDBC < > filemaker < > FileMaker IP
6 JDBC FileMaker 32 JDBC FileMaker JDBC 1. JDBC JDBC 2. FileMaker JDBC URL jdbc:filemaker://192.168.1.1/database 3. import java.sql.*; class FMPJDBCTest { public static void main(string[ ] args) { } // register the JDBC client driver try { Driver d = (Driver)Class.forName("com.filemaker.jdbc.Driver").newInstance(); } catch(exception e) { System.out.println(e); } // establish a connection to FileMaker Connection con; try { con = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:filemaker://192.168.1.1/mydatabase","username", "password"); } catch (Exception e) { System.out.println(e); } // get connection warnings SQLWarning warning = null; try { warning = con.getwarnings(); if (warning == null) { System.out.println("No warnings"); return; } while (warning!= null) { System.out.println("Warning:"+warning); warning = warning.getnextwarning(); } } catch (Exception e) { Sysem.out.println(e); } }
6 JDBC FileMaker 33 URL user password JDBC URL DriverManager.GetConnection 1 user: [ODBC/JDBC ] FileMaker 1 password: FileMaker URL JDBC URL : jdbc:filemaker://<filemaker IP >/< > : jdbc:filemaker://192.168.1.1/publications URL JDBC URL : jdbc:filemaker://<filemaker IP >/< >?user=< > &password=< > : jdbc:filemaker://192.168.1.1/customers?user=collections&password=admin & : jdbc:filemaker://localhost/sales_db?user=ad&min&password=admin : jdbc:filemaker://localhost/sales_db?user=admin1&password=ad&min FileMaker JDBC URL FileMaker
6 JDBC FileMaker 34 JDBC JDBC FileMaker 1 FileMaker 1 FileMaker [ODBC/JDBC ] 1 FileMaker Server FileMaker Pro ODBC/JDBC FileMaker FileMaker Pro [ODBC/JDBC ] FileMaker Server FileMaker Pro ODBC/JDBC FileMaker Pro FileMaker Server 1 JDBC JDBC URL Java
7 ODBC ODBC 1 SQLTables - 1 SQLColumns 1 SQLColumnPrivileges 1 SQLDescribeCol 1 SQLGetTypeInfo JDBC 1 getcolumns 1 getcolumnprivileges 1 getmetadata 1 gettypeinfo 1 gettables 1 gettabletypes FileMaker ODBC FileMaker Pro ODBC FileMaker ODBC SQL_VARCHAR FileMaker [ ] 100 FileMaker NULL SQL_DOUBLE FileMaker 10-308 10 +308 15 SQL_DATE SQL_TIME FileMaker 24 0 SQL_TIMESTAMP BLOB SQL_LONGVARBINARY SELECT CAST() GetAs() ODBC
7 36 Unicode FileMaker : INSERT INTO "mytable"("repfield"[3]) VALUES ('this is rep 3') SELECT "repfield"[1], "repfield"[2] FROM "mytable" FileMaker JDBC JDBC FileMaker JDBC SQL FileMaker JDBC SQL java.sql.types.varchar java.sql.types.double java.sql.types.date java.sql.types.time java.sql.types.timestamp java.sql.types.blob FileMaker JDBC JDBC SQL FileMaker JDBC java.sql.types.timestamp 64 ODBC API 32 64 Windows ODBC API 64 32 64 32 64
7 37 ODBC JDBC FileMaker ODBC/JDBC ODBC 1 ODBC 1 FileMaker FileMaker XDBC Listener FileMaker ODBC FileMaker Listener [FileMaker] [FileMaker ODBC] FileMaker [FileMaker] [FileMaker ODBC] Invalid Username/Password FileMaker JDBC FileMaker JDBC SQLException 1 JDBC 1 FileMaker FileMaker XDBC Listener FileMaker JDBC FileMaker Listener [FileMaker] [FileMaker JDBC] FileMaker [FileMaker] [FileMaker JDBC] Invalid Username/Password FileMaker
A ARRAY 31 C CAST 35 CLOB 31 D DATALINK 31 DSN OS X 25 Windows 22 8 E ExecuteSQL 10 F FileMaker 7 FileMaker JDBC 33 ODBC Windows 22 ODBC OS X 25 FileMaker ODBC JDBC 5 G GetAs 35 J Java JDK 31 Java 28 JDBC 37 31 30 JDBC SPI 31 JDBC JDBC URL 31 JDBC 32 34 36 31 JDBC URL Uniform Resource Locator 31 JDBC 32 JDBC 35 O ODBC 37 36 20 ODBC OS X 27 ODBC 35 ODBC OS X 27 Windows 24 35 ODBC Windows 25 ODBC/JDBC 22 OS X DSN 25 JDBC 28 ODBC 27 ODBC 13 R RAD (Rapid Application Development) 30 REF 31 S [SQL ] 10 SQLExceptions 37 W Windows DSN 22 JDBC 28 ODBC 24 ODBC 13 X XDBC Listener 21, 31, 37
39 22 22 22 JDBC 34 ODBC Windows 24 ODBC OS X 27 JDBC 34 ODBC Windows 24 ODBC OS X 27 13, 28 13, 28 37 JDBC 36 ODBC 35 JDBC 31 22 ODBC/JDBC 22 FileMaker 7 FileMaker 5 36 26 13, 28 31 31 JDBC 34 JDBC 33 ODBC Windows 24 ODBC OS X 27 ODBC OS X 25 ODBC Windows 22 FileMaker DSN 8 FileMaker 7 DSN JDBC 36 ODBC 35 DSN 24 8 JDBC 33 ODBC Windows 22 ODBC OS X 25 35 8 JDBC 33 ODBC 25, 27 22 7 JDBC 36 ODBC 35
40 JDBC 29 31 DSN 24, 26 7 [ ] 10 22 31