2003 vs. 1 1 2 2 ACLU 1 2 3 3 4 1997 6 26 1996 1 1 1 118
vs. 1 2 ACLU 1 2 3 4 2 10 2 Usually Get Their Facts Straight 35 Usually Report Inaccurately 56 Don t Know 9 1 3 3 37 60 1 Vol 24, No.8 Communications Decency Act Freedom of Expression on the Internet by William Fisher 119
2003 1 1 1 1 4 WWW 5 FTP 6 1 1 7 1 WWW 1960 (ARPA Advanced Research Projects Agency) ( DARPA Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency ) 1969 12 MILNET MINET ARPANET ARPA ARPANET AUP(Acceptable Use Policy ) 1982 ARPANET TCP/IP 1983 ARPANET MILNET 1985 ARPANET 8 NSF(National Science Foundation ) NSFNET 1986 NSFNET 3 6 1989 ARPANET 1990 Merit(Merit Network, Inc) IBM MCI ANS(Advanced Network and Serviced) Merit NSFNET ANS (Network Operation Center NOC) NSFNET ARPANET 120
vs. 1990 NSFNET (Internet Service Provider ISP) 1992 WWW HTTP (Hyper Text Transfer Protocol) URL (Uniform Resource Locater) HTML (Hyper Text Markup Language) 3 WWW 1995 4 NSFNET 9 12 1995 10.5 2001 6 72.3 10 2 11 12 18 2 1 2 121
2003 13 14 2 ACLU 1 1993 1994 103 S.1822 H.R.3626 H.R.3636 H.R.3636 104 1996 2 8 15 Communications Decency Act: CDA 20 2 patently offensive 1996 6 12 1997 6 26 16 2 122
vs. 17 FCC 84 16 Internet Freedom and Family Empowerment Act 420 4 91 5 414 16 18 3 19 2 90 80 20 123
2003 1 1994 94 40 104 104 21 2 1 ACLU CDT EFF WWW 22 ACLU ACLU 23 ACLU 24 CDT 25 FCC 26 3 96 ACLU 124
vs. 3 1 2 27 OS OS 28 3 29 IP 30 IP Financial Times 2002 12 18 1 2 125
2003 31 32 ACLU Child Online Protection Act COPA The Children's Internet Protection Act CHIPA 1 6000 95 33 34 35 8 3000 PICS 36 3000 37 4 4 10 1 5,331 Harris Interactive 126
vs. 41 28 21 49 55 3 29 36 42 45 38 Marcia Schneider 39 COPA CHIPA ACLU 40 1 4 3 127
2003 41 ACLU COPA CHIPA 42 43 2 ACLU 44 COPA A obscene B C 128
vs. 45 1 46 300 Bertelsmann Foundation Internet Content Summit 47 Bertelsmann Foundation Mark Wossner EDventure Holdings Esther Dyson 1 48 49 1 129
2003 1 1 ACLU RSACi 50 Donald F. Roberts 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 http://www.icra.org 1 Susan Gallinger 51 52 1998 2000 12 15 53 130
vs. FCC 54 AOL Microsoft 1997 12 1 FBI 55 1 http://www.watch.impress.co.jp/internet/www/search/article/9706/2701.htm 2 1998 p.7 ll.1-3 3 http://www.thegauge.com/searchfolder/oldgauges/vol15no4/1504pewside.htm 4 5 World Wide Web 6 File Transfer Protocol 7 http://www.hat-hat.com/academia/grad/1.htm 8 " " 9 http://www1.plala.or.jp/teraran/studyroom/paso004.html 10 6 NTT 2002 pp.6-7 11 12 13 14 17 18 15 2001 p.23 ll.15-20 16 http://www.et.soft.iwate-pu.ac.jp/class/media/1999/sakuhin/31/cda.html 17 http://www.hat-hat.com/academia/grad/2.htm 18 CDA 19 Congressional Record, Feb 5, 1996, p. E153 20 G W 2003 p.43 ll.12-19 21 pp.50,l.18-51,l.1 22 1997 p.89 131
2003 23 KKK 24 1999 p.180 25 p.181 26 p.181 27 2003 p.70 28 p.90 29 p.170 30 31 http://www.slis.keio.ac.jp/~ueda/sotsuron98/nakase98.html 32 33 35 50 1997 1993 1989 1998 1997 6.8 5.7 2.9 3.1 2.1 10.9 8.7 6.5 6.3 3.4 25.7 20.7 13.0 16.3 9.8 43.4 37.4 23.4 30.2 22.3 63.2 62.7 33.7 48.9 39.0 / 1997 1993 1989 1998 1997 0-4,999 16.5 8.1 7.7 5,000-9,999 9.9 8.0 4.9 6.1 4.4 10,000-14,999 12.9 7.4 5.6 15,000-19,999 17.4 11.8 9.3 9.8 7.8 20,000-24,999 23.0 15.4 14.5 12.1 9.9 25,000-34,999 31.7 21.2 17.9 19.1 14.7 35,000-49,999 45.6 31.1 27.8 29.5 22.6 50,000-74,999 60.6 45.4 34.3 43.9 33.9 75,000-75.9 60.3 45.6 60.3 50.3 1997 1994 1989 1998 1997 40.8 27.1-29.8 21.2 19.3 10.3-11.2 7.7 19.4 12.3-12.6 8.7 47.0 32.6-36.0 25.2 http://www.ntia.doc.gov/ntiahome/net2/falling.html 34 http://www.mainichi.co.jp/digital/netfile/archive/200103/21-4.html 35 36 1995 The Platform for Internet Content Selection 37 38 http://www.watch.impress.co.jp/internet/www/article/2000/0510/harris.htm 132
vs. 39 http://www.zdnet.co.jp/news/0104/23/e_cipa.html 40 Congressional Record, March28, 1996, S3146 41 1996 p.226 42 2001 p.146 43 1999 p.98 44 pp.99-101 45 p.102 46 47 http://www.watch.impress.co.jp/internet/www/article/1999/0913/ics.htm 47 http://www.zdnet.co.jp/news/0104/23/e_cipa.html 48 http://orion.mt.tama.hosei.ac.jp/hideaki/iaj964.htm 49 Communications Daily, Warren Publishing, Inc., Nov5, 2003 50 RSAC(Recreational Software Advisory Council ) ICRA 51 http://www.itmedia.co.jp/news/0104/23/e_cipa.html 52 1998 v. 53 http://www.avcc.or.jp/new/2001/0810_2.html 54 Congressional Record, Feb 5, 1996, p. E153 55 http://internet.watch.impress.co.jp/www/article/971202/selfimp.htm 223 a United States Code 18 250,000 2,700 2 1 A (i) (ii) B 18 (i) (ii) d 18 2 1 A 18 1 2 B 18 e 1 a d h 1 1996 Telecommunications device A B 2 1996 interactive computer service 133
2003 230 e 2 230 e 2 ID HUMINT SIGINT WWW URL 2 http://www.mclu.org/ http://archive.aclu.org/ http://www.lipolitics.com/ http://www.house.gov/ http://www.epic.org/free_speech/cda/ http://www.cdt.org/ http://www.eff.org/ http://www.law.co.jp/ http://eee.uci.edu/ http://www.icra.org Congressional Record S1646, E153, S1180, S2095, S3146, Jonathan Rosenoer, Cyberlaw: the law of the Internet, (New York: Springer, 1997) 1999 134
vs. 2001 100 2001 1998 2001 IT 2001 G W 2003 1996 1997 1999 CDA 1999 2001 1997 Financial. Times Wall Streat Journal http://www.zdnet.co.jp/ http://www.asahi-net.or.jp/ http://www.duke.edu/~mag1/procon.cda.html http://www.cyberlaw.com/cylw1295.html http://cyber.law.harvard.edu/ilaw/speech/ http://www.mainichi.co.jp/ http://crime.about.com/ http://www.wired.com/ http://internet.watch.impress.co.jp/ http://www1.plala.or.jp/teraran/studyroom/paso004.html http://www.hat-hat.com/academia/grad/1.htm http://www.hat-hat.com/academia/grad/2.htm http://www.et.soft.iwate-pu.ac.jp/class/media/1999/sakuhin/31/cda.html http://orion.mt.tama.hosei.ac.jp/hideaki/iaj964.htm http://www.avcc.or.jp/new/2001/0810_2.html http://www.thegauge.com/searchfolder/oldgauges/vol15no4/1504pewside.htm http://www.nmda.or.jp/enc/rating-japanese.html http://www.hat-hat.com/academia/ NUS http://www.cyberlaw.com/cylw1295.html 135
2003 1 2 2000 CTBT 3 2 1 1 4 136
vs. 137 vs. 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 1 4 4