A Study on the Influence of the Fluctuation of Source Voltage during Spot Welding on the Strength of Weld* By Tatsuya Hashimoto** Kinzi Tanuma** Abstr

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A Study on the Influence of the Fluctuation of Source Voltage during Spot Welding on the Strength of Weld* By Tatsuya Hashimoto** Kinzi Tanuma** Abstract It is well known that even a-slight fluctuation of the welding current reflects upon the quality of the spot weld. The fluctuation of the welding current is frequently caused by the fluctuation of the source voltage during the spot welding, so it is most important to keep the source voltage constant to improve the consistency of spot weld. The purpose of this report is to discass a few problems concerning with the influence of fluctuation of the source voltage during welding on the strength of weld. The following results were obtained. (1) The influence of the drop of the source voltage on the strength of weld depended upon the material to be welded and the welding conditions, and was more sensitive in aluminum alloy than steel. (2) The influence of fluctuation of the source voltage in the beginning of welding cycle on the strength of weld was greater than in the rear period in aluminum alloy, but in steel it was reversible. (3) The strength of weld decreased slowly with the drop of the source voltage in steel, but in aluminum alloy gave the Vee curve property having the minimum strength at critical conditions, and about 10 percentage drop of the source voltage in the beginning of welding cycle produced the worst result in aluminum alloy. (4) It was found to be wrong to correlate the strength of weld only with the effective current equivalent to modified welding current.

溶 接 学 会 第34巻(1965)第10号 誌 1085 は位 相 制 御 方 式 で あ るた め に,溶 接 電 流 の 実 効値 を求 め る こ とは 困 難 で あ り,本 実 験 で は 位 相 制 御電 流 波 形 を 正 弦 波 電 流 波 形 と近似 し,2次 電 流 の 波高 値 に1/ を 乗 じた 値 を溶 接電 流 値 と した. 点 溶 接 中 の 電 源電 圧 は,種 々の 方 法 に よ って 変 化 で き るが,本 実 験 で はFig.2の ご と く点溶 接 機1次 側 に 抵 抗 負 荷 を 接続 し,同 期 装 置 に よ っ て制 御 装 置 と連 動 さ せ,任 Fig. 1 Dimension of test specimens 意 の 時 期 に負 荷 をONま た はOFFす る こ とに よ って 点溶 接 機入 力 電 圧 を 変 化 させ る方 法 を採 用 した. Fig 3は 通 電 中 に負 荷 をONお よ びOFFし た 時 の溶 接 機1次 電 圧 と電 流 を ペ ンオ シ ログ ラフ にて 記 録 した一 例 で あ る,な お本 報 告 に おけ る電 源 電圧 の変 化 量 とは 無 負 荷 電 源電 圧 か らの 変 化 量 で は な く,溶 接 中の 動 作電 圧 か らの 変 化 量 を さす. 3.実 3.1全 験 結 果 およ び 考 察 通 電時 間 にわ た り電 源 電 圧 が 変 化 した場 合 1台 の 点 溶 接機 を対 象に 考 え るな らば,長 時 間 に わ た る電 源 電 圧 の 変動 の ほか に,同 一 電 源系 の負 荷 の 変 動 な どに よ って 起 る比 較 的 短 時 間 の電 源電 圧 変 動 な どが あ り,い ず れ に して も溶 接 結 果 の 不 揃 い の原 因 とな って い る こ とは 想 像 に難 くない.と ころ が 前者 の ご と き長 時 間 の 変 動 は 作 業者 が 容 易に これ を 発見 し補 正 で き る.し か し後 者 に 属 す る短 時 間 の 変 動 で は,と Photo. 1 General machine view of spot welding くに 点 溶 接 の ご と き短 時 間 負荷 の場 合 には 電 源 電圧 の変 動 に伴 な う溶接 電 流 の 変 化 を瞬 間 的 に補 正 す る ことが きわ め て難 しい.次 にFig.4は,軟 鋼,ス テ ン レス鋼 お よび アル ミニ ウ ム 合 金 に対 す る標 準 溶 接 条 件 と,そ の条 件 に お け る溶 接 部 Fig. 1 Brock diagram of experimental apparatus Fig. Fig.3Primaryvoltageandweldingcurrent 4 Correlation between tensile shear strength and welding current or source 49 voltage

Fig. 5 Correlation between tensile shear strength and time of variation of source voltage in mild steel Fig. 6 Correlation between tensile shear strength and time of variation of source voltage in stainless steel 59

51 Fig. 7 Correlation between tensile shear strength and time of variation of source voltage in aluminum allay Fig. 8 Influence of welding time on tensile shear strength in aluminum alloy

Fig. 9 Influences of time and magnitude of drop of source voltage on tensile shear strength in mild steel Fig. 11 Influences of welding conditions and drop of source voltage on tensile shear strength in stainless steel Fig. 10 Influences of time and magnitude of drop of source voltage on tensile shear strength in mild steel

Fig. 12 Influences of time and magnitude of drop of source voltage on tensile shear strength in aluminum alloy Fig. 13 Influences of welding current and drop of source voltage on tensile shear strength in aluminum alloy Fig. 14 Influences of welding conditions and drop of source voltage on tensile shear strength in aluminum alloy

Fig. 15 Corpelation between tensile shear strength and effective welding current Fig. 16 Correlation between tensile shear strength and effective welding current in aluminum alloy

Fig. 17 Correlation between tensile shear strength and effective welding current in stainless steel Fig. 18 Correlation between tensile shear strength and effective welding current in stainless steel