07 14 1
/0g 1975 2
H + SiH Si + H + AlH + H AlH + + 2 H + H + CH C + H H + H + +, CEC AEC AEC (mmol c /0g) CEC 0 Kuroboku Conc. 0.005mol/l 0.01mol/l 0.1mol/l 4 5 6 7 8 9 1984 CEC AEC 3
PHREEQC Parkhurst and Appelo, 1999 PHREEQC 4
, PHREEQC HP1 Jacques and Šim nek, 05 HYDRUS-1D HP1 PHREEQC 5
HP1 Initial conditions Start a new time step n n=n+1 HYDRUS-1D PHREEQC Calculate new water flow New solute transport(no chemical reactions) Calculate new geochemical properties End of simulation Yes No PHREEQC HP1 Ca(H) 2 6
PHREEQC HP1 PHREEQC HP1 7
Si=H Solid Surface layers Si Si Si Si Si H H H H H Si=H SiH Si + H + Solid H - H + Si - Si - Si - Si - Solution Cl - H + H - H - H - H - H - Cl - H + H - H Cl - 2 H + H H - 2 Cl - H + H - 8
Solid Si - Si - Si - Si - Solution Cl - H + H - H - H - H - H - Cl - H + H - Cl - H + H - Cl - H + H - Solid Solution Si - Si - Si - Si - Si - Si - Si - H + Si - H + Cl - H + H - H - H - H - H - Cl - H + H - Cl - H + H - Cl - H + H - Cl - H - Cl - H - 9
Solid Solution Solid Solution Cl - H + H - H - H - H - H - Cl - H + H - Si - Si - Si - H + Si - H + Cl - H - Cl - H - Si=H Si=H, (Si) 2 -Ca,Si-H 2 H - 1 SiH Si + H + CH C + H + H + H + Soil i =H i
2+ 2Soili =H + 2H + Ca (Soili ) 2-Ca + 2H2 (Soil ) Ca i 2 Kva i = 2 2 2+ [ Soili = H] H Ca K va-i [ ] K va-i H + (Soil ) Ca + 2H 2Soil H + Ca i 2 + 2+ i K Ca H = [ ] [ ] 2 2+ Soili H Ca + 2 i 2 (Soil ) Ca H K Ca-H H + 11
H H + H 2 + H H = + 14 + = + 2+ + 2 Ca H Cl H C va-i [ = ] + [ ] + [ ] Soil H Soil (Soil ) Ca = i i i 2 Cva i C va-i i PHREEQC K va-i C va-i 3 12
CEC v 0 CEC = Soil H + 2 (Soil ) Ca [ ] [ 2 ] v i i ρ s ρ s 3,CEC v CEC v, CEC v 13
+ Soil H + H + Cl Soil H Cl j j 2 Soil H Cl j 2 K vc = j + Soil H H Cl j K vc-j j H - Soil H Cl + H Soil H H + Cl j 2 j 2 K Cl H Soil j H2 H Cl = Soil j H2 Cl H K Cl-H Cl - H - 14
C vc-j Soil H Soil H Cl Soil H H j + j 2 + j 2 = Cvc j C vc-j j AEC v 0 AEC = Soil H Cl + Soil H H v j 2 j 2 ρ s ρ s PHREEQC HP1 15
CEC v AEC v 50 AEC v (mmol c /0g) CEC v 25 0 25 Soil1 50 3 5 7 9 11 CEC v AEC v CEC v K va-i AEC v (mmol c /0g) CEC v 50 25 0 25 50 K va-i Soil1 Soil2 3 5 7 9 11 K va-i CEC v K va-i AEC v CEC v 16
CEC v C va-i i AEC v (mmol c /0g) CEC v 0 50 0 50 0 C va-i Soil1 Soil3 3 5 7 9 11 C va-i CEC v C va-i AEC v CEC v 1984 AEC (mmol c /0g) CEC 0 Kuroboku Conc. 0.005mol/l 0.01mol/l 0.1mol/l 4 5 6 7 8 17
1 Soil 1 =H 2 C va-1 K va-1 AEC (mmol c /0g) CEC 0 Kuroboku Conc. 0.005mol/l 0.02mol/l 0.1mol/l 4 5 6 7 8 C va-1 K va-1 AEC 1984 AEC (mmol c /0g) CEC 0 Kuroboku Conc. 0.005mol/l 0.01mol/l 0.1mol/l 3 5 7 9 11 18
2 Soil 1 =H Soil 2 =H,4 C va-1 K va-1 C va-2 K va-2 AEC (mmol c /0g) CEC 0 Kuroboku Conc. 0.005mol/l 0.02mol/l 0.1mol/l 3 5 7 9 11 AEC PHREEQC HP1 19
/0g 1975 11 9 7 Soil1 5 Soil2 Soil3 Kuroboku Water 3 0 Acid (mmol c /0g) Alkali
1 Soil1~3 11 2 Kuroboku 9 7 Soil1 5 Soil2 Soil3 Kuroboku Water 3 0 Acid (mmol c /0g) Alkali K va-i 11 9 Soil1 Soil2 Water K va-i 7 5 K va-i 3 0 Acid (mmol c /0g) Alkali K va-1 21
C va-i i 11 9 Soil1 Soil3 Water C va-i 7 5 C va-i 3 0 Acid (mmol c /0g) Alkali C va-1 PHREEQC HP1 22
Soil1 4.5cm, cm Soil1 ρ b =0.53g/cm 3 4.3mmol/l -cm/h 9.531 50.24 EC HP1 0 0.5h 0 0.5h -5 5.0-5 5.0 Depth (cm) - Depth (cm) - -15-15 - 0 0.001 0.002 0.003 0.004 0.005 Conc. (mol/l) 40 40-0 Adsorbed Conc. (mmol/0g) 23
0 0.5h 0-5 5.0-5 0.5h 5.0 Depth (cm) - Depth (cm) - -15-15 - 0 40 60 CEC v (mmol c /0g) 40-7 8 9 11 12 13 40 CEC v ~40h 2 24