transiting planet http://hubblesite.org/newscenter/archive/2001/38/ 2004 6 17 HDS
2
3
(Mayor & Queloz 1995) 4.2 4
(Charbonneau et al. 2000, Henry et al. 2000) HST HST Brown et al. (2001) 5
6
Radial velocity data Radial velocity data Radial velocity 7
Josh Winn @Whipple Obs (1.2m) November 24, 2003 transit H 8
http://hubblesite.org/ newscenter/archive/ 2001/38/ 2000 0.4g/cc 2001 11 9
Radial velocity + transit HD209458 G0V V 7.58 ( =47pc) 6000 HD209458b 3.52474 0.00004 86.68 0.14 0.63 1.347 0.060 0.4g/cc (< ) 1400 10
(15%) Additional absorption in Lyman emission line Geocorona, not planetary Vidal-Madjar et al. Nature 422(2003)143 http://hubblesite.org/newscenter/archive/2003/08/ 11
O I C II 2% H I 5% O I 10% C II 6% (upper) low-resolution HST spectra (lower) high-resolution HST spectra Si III HI Vidal-Madjar et al. (2004) astro-ph/0401457 12
HD209458b 2002 10 2003 7 8 ( ) ( ) Josh Winn (Harvard Univ.) Edwin Turner, Brenda Frye (Princeton Univ.) 13
HD209458b radial velocity Subaru/HDS previous velocity curve (Wittenmyer et al. 2003) Winn et al. (2004) PASJ, submitted. astro-ph/0404469 14
HDS H Winn et al. 2004 PASJ, in press (astro-ph/0404469) Transit radial velocity (Rossiter-McLaughlin ) McLaughlin (Ohta, Taruya & Suto 2004) (S04B0015N) ( ) 15
HD209458 Subaru/HDS spectrum two spectra taken 2.5hrs apart H Winn et al. 2004 [ ] 16
HDS n,j : n j S 1 ( n,j ) S 2 ( n,j ) HDS S 2 S 1 n R( n,j )= S 1 ( n,j )/S 2 ( n,j ) R(n,j) 100 n n-1 n+1 R [S 1 ( n,j ) - S 2b ( n,j )] 2 S 2b ( n,j )=[c n+1 R(n+1,j)+c n-1 R(n-1,j)] S 2 ( n,j ) c n-1 1/2 j c n+1 S 1 c 0 λ S 2m ( n,j ) = c 0 S 2b ( n,j ) + λ ds 2b ( )/dλ 17
H H Na I (D2) Na I (D1) H H H 5889.97 5895.94 6562.81 4861.34 4340.48 H (Winn et al. 2004) H Transit 18 Transit
H (Winn et al. 2004) 0.1 19
H H <0.1% (Winn et al. 2004) L 15% (Vidal-Madjar et al. 2003) T ex < (0.6-1.3)eV ( ( 20
radial velocity 3m/s HD209458 HD209458+I 2 cell Subaru/HDS 21
Rossiter-McLaughlin (Rossiter 1924, McLaughlin 1924) 22
Spectroscopic transit signature (Rossiter-McLaughlin ) out of transit in transit HD209458 radial velocity data http://exoplanets.org/ Queloz et al. (2000) A&A 359, L13 ELODIE on 193cm telescope 23
Rossiter (Kopal 1990; Hosokawa 1953) (1953 Ohta et al. (2004) 24
radial velocity Subaru/HDS error-bar Subaru/HDS error-bar ε=0.64 ε=0 Limb darkening: B= 1- ε (1-cos θ) (Semi)-analytic template curves (Ohta, Taruya & Suto 2004) 25
50km/s 0.01% HDS 50000 26
Biomarker (e.g., extrasolar plant) Habitable planet Extraterrestrial life 27
Biomarker red edge 28
7000 5000 extrasolar planet biomarker (extrasolar plant as a biomarker in extrasolar planets) Seager, Ford & Turner astro-ph/0210277 29
@Lowell spiral nebulae Observatory 40(1917)304 Observations of Mars in 1924 made at the Lowell Observatory: II spectrum observations of Mars PASP 36(1924)261 30
Ford, Seager & Turner Nature 412 (2001) 885 10 31
red edge 2 Sunlight 32
Woolf & Smith ApJ 574(2002)430 The spectrum of earthshine: A Pale Blue Dot Observed from the Ground [ ] 33
characterization habitable planets? search for life 34