606-0851 46-1 2 IVR 545-8585 1-4-3 920-0942 5 11 80 2015 9 28 2015 10 13 Magnetic resonance imaging of articular cartilage in the knee : morphological assessment Susumu MORIYA, RT, PhD., Yukio MIKI, MD, PhD., Tosiaki MIYATI, PhD, DMSc Ishikawa Clinic, 46-1 Shimokamo-Umenoki-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto-shi, Kyoto 606-0851, Japan. Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka 545-8585, Japan. Division of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, 5-11-80, Kodatsuno, Kanazawa, 920-0942, Japan. Received on September 28, 2015. In final form on October 13, 2015 Abstract : Magnetic resonance imaging MRI has been the most important method for assessing knee cartilage in the past few decades. MRI has the merit of facilitating, through sequence selection and operations, visualization of the cartilage as areas of signal hyperintensity, as well as visualization with increased contrast between cartilage and synovial fluid. The objective of the present manuscript was to introduce the characteristics and diagnostic applications of sequences for observing the morphology of knee cartilage that are commonly used in routine MRI of the knee. Keywords : MRI, knee, cartilage, image-sequence, morphology [1] MRI 0.5 mm 3 2010 0.5 mm 3 8 7 [2] osteoarthritis OA 0.2 0.4 mm [3] T1 [5] T2 [5] PD [2] PD T1 [6] T1 T2 MRI [6] T1 2005 [7] 3D [8] xlii
3D SPGR 3D FLASH [12] SPGR GE FLASH Siemens T1-FFE Philips GRASS GE FFE Philips Fig.1 a T1 b T2 c d T1 a b c d T1 c d T1 MRI CHESS short-ti inversion recovery STIR water 2D 3 5 mm [9] 3D [10] 3D [10] excitation WE Iterative Decomposition of water/ fat using Echo asymmetry and Least-squares estimation IDEAL [13] CHESS [13] STIR SNR [13, 14] WE 3D [15] IDEAL [16] MRI [17] 3D 2 2 [11] Fig.2 a SPGR b FIESTA 3D [5]. Chemical Shift Selective fast-se TE 33 66 ms [5] T2 TE [5] 3D 3D-FSE [18-20] Vol.32 No.4 2015 xliii
Fig.3 a FSE PD b FSE T2 a b SPACE, GE 3D CUBE FSE T2 3D-FSE refocus pulse [18] 3D 3D-FSE SNR CNR [19] 3D-FSE 2D fat-saturated FSE [20] 3D Spoiled GRASS [3D SPGR] [5] [21, 22] [23, 24] [25] [1] [5] [5] SPGR IDEAL SNR [26] 3D DESS 3D-double echo steady state 2 2 T2* [27] [28] 3D DESS [29] [30] [31] [32] 3D DESS 2D 3D GRE [33] 3D DESS [29] 3D GRE [34] [5] Fig.5 a 40 3D-DESS b 90 3D-DESS a b Fig.4 SPGR SPGR bssfp balanced steady state free precessionssnr [35] true-fisp GE FIESTA blanced-ffe [36, 37] [38] 3D bssfp 2DFSE xliv
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