1. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 2. ( ) http://www-csli.stanford.edu/~aac/lkb.html ( ) ( ) ( ) http://www.linguistics.ucla.edu/people/hayes/otsoft/ ( ) 3. ( ) ( TeX) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ================================================================== History of the English Language http://ebbs.english.vt.edu/hel/hel.html (Old English, Middle English, Early Modern English) ( ) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Oxford English Dictionary http://dictionary.oed.com/ Merriam-Webster Online http://www.m-w.com/home.htm unabridged dictionary Sanseido.net http://www.sanseido.net/ Online Dictionary http://kod.kenkyusha.co.jp/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ( ) British National Corpus http://www.natcorp.ox.ac.uk/ Web Concordancer http://www.edict.com.hk/concordance/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1
International Phonetic Association http://www.arts.gla.ac.uk/ipa/index.html SIL International http://www.sil.org/ Speech Analyser Praat http://www.fon.hum.uva.nl/praat/ Boersma ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Semanticsarchive.net http://semanticsarchive.net/ Rutgers Optimality Archive http://roa.rutgers.edu/index.php3 (Optimality Theory) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- GLOW(Generative Linguistics in the Old World) http://glow.uvt.nl/ Linguistic Society of America http://www.lsadc.org/ http://wwwsoc.nii.ac.jp/lsj2/ http://homepage2.nifty.com/kls/index.htm http://www.elsj.org/ http://wwwsoc.nii.ac.jp/elsj/ http://www.psj.gr.jp/ 2
G.F.S.S. http://www7.plala.or.jp/gfss/index.html ================================================================== 1( ) ( CD,MO,USB ) ================================================================== ( ) USB 3
10 6 13 1 2 a. i. ( ) A B ( ) ii. ( ) A Word B 2 b. PDF i. Web Web (http://www.kobe-c.ac.jp) ( ) ( ) 1 ( OUP ) WordSmith 2 Effective Writing, Advanced Writing 4
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( ) 2 ii. ( ) 3 2 4 (Word2003) 5 iii. PDF (Adobe Acrobat) 6 Acrobat Acrobat Reader ( ) A PDF Acrobat (Reader) 3 4 Windows.txt 5 6 PDF Adobe Windows PDF.PDF 6
( SP2004 Selkirk, Shinya, Kawahara ) B T 7 C ( ) 7 PDF 7
D E F 2 Microsoft Access i. ii.. ( ) 8
iii.. Enter iv. F3. Enter v.?,! 8 8 ( ) 9
1200 1 3 Microsoft Office Microsoft Access Excel ( ) Excel Access Access i. Access Microsoft Office Microsoft Office Access ii. iii. iv. v. vi. vii. viii. ix. 10
x. xi. xii. xiii. ( ) xiv. xv. OK ( ) ( ) 11
12
xvi. 4 that that i. ii. >> iii. iv. that Thatcher ( ) ( ) Like * that * (that * ) Like * that,* (that ) Like * that.* (that ) Like *, that * (that ) that 13
v. vi. that 14
vii. i. ii. >> iii. > iv. v. vi. vii. 15
viii. ( ) ix. 16
x. xi. xii. Access 17
============================================================================================ 2(11 10 ) Access Excel ( ) 18
10 27 11 10 ( 1 ) Excel ( ) 9,10 ( ) ( ) t ( ) ( ) 2 ( ) - - Microsoft Office - Microsoft Office Excel XXXX (XXXX ) HP Sample3 ============================================================================================ Sample3 1 1 - ( ( )) ( ) furudokei.txt furudokei.txt 3 1 Enter 9 10 ( ) 19
( ) (2) a. OK 20
b. c d. 21
2 ( a the ) a. b. c. d. ( ) a. ( ) b. 22
c. d. OK e. 23
f. g. ( ) h. i. 24
j. k. 25
l. m. B( ) OK n. 1 =B1 ( ; ) Enter m. 2 =C1+B2 Enter 26
o. m. p. 3 q. 2 OK r. 4 1 =C1/$C$86 Enter the( ) ($ reference ) s. 100 t. 27
u. v. w. 28
x. X Y y. X 1 ) ( ) Sample3 3 A1:A102 (=average(a1:a102)) (=mode(a1:a102)) ( ) (=median(a1:a102)) pretest, posttest, age 3? 50 3 100 50 29
a. OK b. $B$2:$B$102 (Group A Pretest)) ( ) OK c. d. =stdev(a1:a102) 1 (deviation value) 70 ( ) = 50+((( ) ( )) (( ) 10)) A Group = 50+((B2-average($B$2:$B$101))/(stdev($B$2:$B$101)/10)) A Group ( ) 30
B Group = max(a2:a102)-min(a2:a102) 25% 25% ( ) = ( ) - ( ) ( ) = ( ) - ( ) ( ) 2 =QUARTILE(A2:A102,1) =QUARTILE(A2:A102,3) 0, 2, 4 2 2 t- t t ( ) 2 t 2 5%( 20 1 ) t- a. t 2 OK ( ) 31
b. α( ) 0.05 OK c. t t t 1 2 2 32
a. b. c. Group A A Group X Pretest Y Posttest d. Group B e. X Pretest Y Posttest f. 33
t ( Age?) 34
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 3 35
22050Hz 11025Hz 8 256 16 256 256 22050kHz 16 OK 5000Hz 500Hz 3000Hz 5000Hz 10000Hz 10000Hz OK AM t t allophone 1 2000 10 10 1. 2. 3. SPWAVE Praat Praat Boersma SPWAVE Praat 2 (F 0 ) 36
F 0 point-by-point Praat Excel 37
Word 1 (p)latex Effective Writing, Advanced Writing 3 3 4 1 12 3 1 38
Word Árnason, Kristján (1980) Quantity in Historical Linguistics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Hirayama, Teruo (1951) Kyuushuu Hoogen Onchoo no Kenkyuu (Studies on the Pitch Patterns of the Kyushu Dialects). Tokyo: Gakkai-no-shishin-sha. Itô, Junko, and Armin Mester (1996) Stem and word in Sino-Japanese. In T. Otake and A. Cutler (eds.) Phonological Structure and Language Processing: Cross-Linguistic Studies, 13-44. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter. Katayama, Motoko (1998) Optimality Theory and Japanese Loanword Phonology. Ph.D. dissertation, University of California at Santa Cruz. Kubozono, Haruo (2001a) On markedness and diphthongs. Kobe Papers in Linguistics 3, 60-73. Kubozono, Haruo (2001b) Epenthetic vowels and accent in Japanese: Facts and paradoxes. In Jeroen van de Weijer and Tetsuo Nishihara (eds.) Issues in Japanese Phonology and Morphology, 113-142. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter. (162) a. in cual-li tiācatl; in pàtli xihuitl (Nahuatl [Launey 1981]) the good man the medicine herb the good man the medicinal herb b. Qwatsáts- ti smúlhats(- )-a (Dermidache and Matthewson 1995) leave-3a the woman-(3a)-the the woman left 39
(154) IP [ ] I I VP -s seem <V,-Q> IP DP I the <D> boy <N> I VP to be <V > AP very intelligent brace, square bracket ( -,-,> =,=,> ) said (6) John repeatedly *(that) Mary was sick. heard (7) Spirantization [+stop] +voice / [+vowel] [+vowel] -stop +fricative 5 (Word ) (44) [imbaɣiβak] you are restless 40
Tableaux (35) CORR-K D >> IDENT-IO/OI(cg), IDENT-IO/OI(voice) /wɨd k / ID-CC (cg) ID-CC (voi) CORR- T T CORR- T D CORR- K T CORR- K D ID-IO/OI (voi) ID-IO/OI (cg) a. wɨt x k x *(IO) *(OI) b. wɨt x k y *! * *(IO) *(OI) c. wɨd x k y *! d. wɨt x k x *! *(IO) e. wɨd x k x *(!) *(!) (93) t[t < s* & I[t><I & x[picture wi (x) & λ w λ t [paint wt (Max)] CAUSE wt λ w λ t [BECOME wt (λ w λ t.exist wt (x))]]]] LIFT e LOWER <<e,t>,t> IOTA PRED NOM THE BE IDENT A <e,t> 41
Computers and Linguistics ( ) ( 2003 ) (Word) 2 (Excel) (30 ) (70 ) 42