: : Pyidaungzu Myanma Naingngandaw :Union of Myanmar ( Union of Myanma ) ( ): : Myannmar : Myanma Naingngandaw : 678,500 km 2 ( 20,760 km 2 ) [ : 377,835 km 2 ] : Hkakabo Razi 5,881 m : 6 9 (1993 ) : 15% [ : 11%] : 1% [ : 1%] : 1% [ : 2%] : 49% [ : 67%] : 34% [ : 19%] (1999 7 ) 48,081,302 0-14 :36 % ( 8,883,099; 8,542,087) [ : 15%] 15-64 : 60% ( 14,343,888; 14,293,233) [ : 68%] 65 4% ( 906,517 ; 1,112,478) [ : 17%]% - 176 -
(1999 ) 1.61% (1999 ) [ : 0.2%] 76.25 /1,000 (1999 ) [ : 4.07 /1,000] 54.74 53.24 56.32 [ : 80.11](1999 ) 1 3.63 1999 [ : 1.48 ] 1 64.2%, 9.1%, 8.7%, 3.1%, 3%, Mon 2%, 2%, 5% 134 35 (ARC 1999 ) 89%, 4% ( 3%, 1%), 4%, 1%, 2% 15 83.1% ( 88.7% 77.7%) (1995 ) 1988 1996 98 3 5.7% 10 (ARC 1999) ( )GDP: US$561 (1998 ) ( ) GNP 1990 1996 1997 1997 (100 ) 1 ( ) ( 1999 ) 1 ARC 1999 1991-177 -
( ) 1992/93 1993/94 1994/95 1995/96 1996/97 1997/98 1998/99 5.900 5.801 5.795 5.623 5.832 6.324 6.334 126.0 130.1 116.0 144.0 149.1 321.5 336.5 (ARC 1999 ) ( ) GDP : 4% (1998 )1.1% (1998 est.) ( ) : 59% 11% 30% (1997 ) [ : 2% 38% 60% (1997 )] 1995/96 9.2% 6.1. 1994/95 1995/96 1996/97 1997/98 1998/99 viss 133.2 164.6 165.0 151.8 132.7 45.4 53.0 64.1 78.2 91.8 1,643 2,453 2,930 4,696 4,869 42.9 47.8 52.8 55.0 58.9 31.9 35.2 24.0 27.2 12.3 48.3 54.1 44.1 51.5 52.5 15.0 16.5 15.9 17.5 16.9 494.4 523.6 502.0 531.7 475.0 38.9 36.5 30.8 31.3 37.6 58.3 49.8 53.2 77.7 90.5 0.6 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.5 106.1 83.3 91.5 123.1 144.2 24.0 20.8 24.5 25.7 36.7 147.4 142.8 117.2 123.2 201.6 963 1,312 1,149 5.9 809 8,615 8,780 5,837 5,178 4,153 424 841 361 450 550 1,675 2,774 6,521 3,497 3,700 (ARC 1999 ) 1998/99-178 -
6.2. 1992/93 1993/94 1994/95 1995/96 1996/97 1997/98 1998/99 61.1 61.1 60.7 60.6 60.6 60.3 59.6 38.4 38.0 37.6.7.1 36.2 35.3 34.5 7.3 7.1 7.1 6.8 7.1 7.1 7.2 1.6 1.5 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.6 8.9 9.2 9.2 9.3 9.1 9.1 9.2 2.9 3.1 3.4 4.0 4.7 4.8 4.9 16.8 17.0 17.6 18.0 18.3 18.7 19.3 4.1 4.1 4.3 4.3 4.2 4.2 4.3 0.6 0.9 1.2 1.5 1.7 1.9 2.0 22.1 21.9 21.7 21.4 21.1 21.0 21.1 (ARC 1999 ) 1998/99 6.3. 1996/97 1997/98 1998/99 209 28,485 219 28,584 145 28,177 33 4,265 181 3,940 220 4,084 127 3,369 86 3,342 103 3,392 14 1,811 22 1,404 26 1,684 15 448 24 360 12 481 28 364 14 373 15 427 829 1,371 9 1,454 15 1,825 22 2,490 21 2,608 23 3,206 3 330-119 4 139 7 539-549 3 646 5 177 7 207 7 277 305 - - - - - 12 3,943 53 8,267 104 8,932 1,609 47,592 633 51,204 677 53,270 (ARC 1999 ) 1998/99-179 -
6.4. 1993/94 1994/95 1995/96 1996/97 1997/98 1998/99 0.3 1.1 98.6 0.2 1.6 98.2 0.2 1.6 98.2 0.2 2.0 97.8 0.2 2.0 97.8 0.3 1.9 97.8 68.5 0.9 30.6 55.9 0.5 43.6 42.8 1.2 56.0 51.6 0.9 47.5 48.2 0.6 51.2 46.2 0.6 53.2 26.7 2.1 71.2 27.7 0.9 71.4 27.0 0.9 72.1 28.7 0.8 70.5 25.9 1.2 72.9 28.2 1.0 70.8 83.2 0.6 16.2 83.8 0.6 16.2 82.5 0.3 17.2 69.2 0.3 30.5 71.0 0.2 28.6 45.8 0.2 54.0 84.2 6.4 9.4 70.9 17.4 11.7 64.6 19.1 16.3 62.2 20.2 17.6 56.4 20.9 22.7 54.8 14.5 30.7 23.8 4.0 72.2 23.2 2.1 74.4 22.7 2.4 74.9 22.1 2.4 75.5 21.6 2.4 76.0 21.3 2.4 76.3 22.2 1.8 76.0 22.5 1.8 75.7 22.8 1.8 75.4 22.8 2.0 75.2 22.6 2.1 75.3 21.8 1.9 76.3 (ARC 1999 ) 1998/99 6.5. 1996/97 1997/98 1998/99 10 811 324 44,845 45,980 811 324 48,898 50,033 119 443 50,844 52,006 10-50 251 231 1,991 2,393 247 231 1,978 2,456 291 175 2,134 2,600 51-100 148 75 108 331 144 75 124 343 257 57 150 494 100 399 7 91 497 398 7 101 506 309 2 142 453 1,609 637 46,955 49,201 1,600 637 51,101 53,338 1,576 677 53,270 55,523 (ARC 1999 ) 1998/99-180 -
: 65.2% 14.3% 10.1% 6.3% 4.1% (1988/89 ) ( ) : ( ) : 50% (1998 ) ( ) : ( ) 10% : ( ) 10% : ( ) 4 1 3 31 ( )OECD (DAC) 1948 1 4 7 (divisions ( yin-mya, yin) 7 (states ( pyine-mya, pyine)) : Ayeyarwady, Bago, Magway, Mandalay, Sagaing, Tanintharyi, Yangon : Chin State, Kachin State, Kayin State, Kayah State, Mon State, Rakhine State, Shan State 6.1. Glorier Internactive Inc., 1996-181 -
1993 5 31 Environment in Myanmar 1992 National Report on Environment and Development of the Union of Myanmar 50 300 1,000 7,000 1980 FAO UNDP 3 2 GDP 6 1992 National Report on Environment and Development of the Union of Myanmar 70 40 (Namtu Bawdwin Mines 1,200-1,400 ppm (particles) 100 ppm 1760 40,600 72 6,200-182 -
(Myanmar Heavy Industry) 6 Htonbo 4 120km Thaton 6 134 ( : Palaik, Shwedaung) (Sittaung) (Yeni) (Mandalay) (Daik-U) (Daik-U) 2 1993 5 31 Environment in Myanmar 1992 National Report on Environment and Development of the Union of Myanmar - 183 -
1988 (National Commission for Environmental Affairs, 1993) 1990 Departments 19 1992 1992 UNCED (National Commission for Environmental Affairs, 1993) 1j 2j 3j 4j 1j 2j 3j 4j 5j 6j 7j 8j 9j UNEP (committees) 1j - 184 -
2j 3j 4j 1992 National Report on Environment and Development of the Union of Myanmar (Factories Act) 6.1. ODA 1999 1 48 62 88 SLORC 90 NLD SLORC 89 95 96-185 -
- 186 - NLD 95 11 98 NLD 90 NLD SLORC 97 11 SPDC ASEAN ASEAN 96 ASEAN ARF 97 ASEAN (2) ASEAN 88 96 97 NLD 97 98 10 62 87 12 LLDC 88 95 7.5% 96 97 97 FEC 97 4.6% 2 88 95 98 NLD NLD NLD
98 52.90 40 7.68 60.58 87 98 25 98 99 3.30 27 BHN BHN - 187 -