( ) 2004 1
S: E: O: C: V : 5
1 1 2 2 2.1.................................... 2 2.2........................ 2 2.3........................... 3 3 7 3.1.................................... 7 3.2.................................... 8 3.3...................................... 10 3.4.................................. 10 4 17 4.1........................... 17 4.2........................... 18 4.3........................ 21 5 28 5.1................................... 28 5.1.1............................... 28 5.1.2............................... 28 5.2............................... 28 5.3........................... 33 5.4........................................ 39 6 43 44 45 i
2.1.......................... 4 2.2 Imaginary line..................... 5 2.3....................... 6 3.1.................. 9 3.2.................................... 11 3.3 1.................................. 12 3.4 2.................................. 13 4.1........................ 21 4.2........................ 22 5.1............................... 29 5.2............................... 30 5.3....................... 32 ii
1 ( ) 0.5 1 1
2 2.1 VTR CG [5, 6, 7] 2.2 [3, 4] 2
2.3 1 2.1 2.3 2.1 2 2.2 2.3 1 continuous editing() 2
2.1:
Camera A Camera B Imaginary line 2.2: Imaginary line 2 a imaginary line 180 Camera A Camera B 2 a 3 2
2.3:
3 3.1 0.5 1 1 ( ) 0.5 / 5 Editing = {V,S,E,O,C} (3.1) (S): (s i ) S = {s 1,...,s n } 1 (V ): v(t) (t =0 t max ) (E): (e i ) 1 0 1 7
t e 1 0.9 () e 1 (t) =0.9 (O): () (o i ) 2 v(t) (C): G V v(t) s i t max N o G = o i (t) (3.2) t=0 i=0 N 0 3.1 V (t):(t =0 t max ) s 0 (t) s i (t) 3.2 3.2 3 ISAC IZ-C [9] 100
T 0 time s 1 s 2 s 3 V i v (1) v (2) v (3) (4) i i i v i 0.5 1 3.1:
( ) 1. n 3.3 2. 1 1 n n n 2 n 3.4 3. 1 2 3.3 3.1 () [1][2][8] ( ) 3.4
input output 3.2:
3.3: 1 / 2 3.2 2.3 180 3 / 2 3
3.4: 2
3.1: : : : : : / 3.3
3.2: 180 (imaginary line, action line) 180 : (apparent motion) ( )
3.3: : : : :
4 4.1 4.1 4.2 S E 4.3 4.4 1 s 1 2 s 2 o 1 t A e 1 (t) =1 s 3 10 e 1 (t) =10 1=10 B B s 4 10 o 1 o 2 o 1 e 1 e 2 s 5 s 6 OTS o 3 t t +1 2.3 o 4 o 5 OTS o 6 4.3 17
4.1: o 1 (t) [0, 0, 10e 1 (t), 10e 2 (t), 0, 0] o 2 (t) [0, 0, 0, 0, 10e 1 (t), 10e 2 (t)] o 3 (t) [0, 0, 10e 1 (t +1), 10e 2 (t +1), 0, 0] o 4 (t) [15(e 1 (t)+e 2 (t)), 0, 20e 1 (t), 20e 2 (t), 0, 0] o 5 (t) [0, 0, 0, 0, 50(e 2 (t) e 4 (t)), 50(e 1 (t) e 5 (t))] o 6 (t) [0, 0, 30(e 7 (t 1)), 30(e 6 (t 1)), 0, 0] o 7 (t) [10, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0] o 8 (t) [10 13 i=1 e i (t), 0, 0, 0, 0, 0] o 9 (t) t 10 [100, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0] o 10 (t) [0, 100e 3 (t), 0, 0, 0, 0] o 11 (t) o 12 (t) o 13 (t) s 3 s 5, s 4 s 6 50 10 10 1 10 4.3 o 7 o 8 1 4.1 4.2 4.2 4.1 1 0
4.2: c 1 (t) c 2 (t) c 3 (t) c 4 (t) c 5 (t) 1 3 0 3 10 1 7 4.3: s 1 s 2 s 3 s 4 A B s 5 A OTS 2 s 6 B OTS 4.4: e 1 (t) e 2 (t) e 3 (t) e 4 (t) e 5 (t) e 6 (t) e 7 (t) e 8 (t) e 9 (t) e 10 (t) e 11 (t) e 12 (t) e 13 (t) A B A B A B A B A B A B
4.1 2 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 4 6. s i e i 4.3 4.4 OTS 1. o 1 (t) =[0, 0, 20e 1 (t), 20e 2 (t), 0, 0] 2. o 2 (t) =[0, 0, 0, 0, 50(e 2 (t) e 4 (t)), 50(e 1 (t) e 5 (t))] 3. o 3 (t) =[0, 100(e 3 (t)), 0, 0, 0, 0] 4. c 1 : t<10 s 1 5. o 1 (t) =[0, 0, 20e 1 (t), 20e 2 (t), 0, 0] 1 o 4 (t) =[10, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0] 6. o 5 (t) =[0, 0, 20(e 1 (t 1) + e 1 (t)+e 1 (t +1)), 20e 2 (t), 0, 0] c 2 : 3 OTS o 6 : s 3 s 5 s 4 s 6 50 1 6 o 1 o 3 c 2 4.2 edit1 edit1
(OTS) 4.1: c 1 4.2 edit2 o 1 o 2 o 6 c 2 edit3 4.3
Time 0 edit1 edit2 edit3 A : 5 B : A : 10 B : A : 15 B : 20 (sec) 4.2: 3 1. (1983 ) 2. (1935 ) 3. (1993 ) 2 5.3 4.5 4.10 4.10 20 2 4
4.7 4.8 edit1 edit1 1 3 3 edit2 1 edit2 edit3 A edit4 B 3 3 edit5 o 5 1 t =12, 13 1 edit5 s 1 edit6, edit7 edit6 edit1 edit7 edit1 edit1 edit7 3
4.5: s 1 : ( ) s 2 : ( ) s 3 : A s 4 : B s 5 : A s 6 : B s 7 : A s 8 : B 4.6: e 1 (t) e 2 (t) e 3 (t) e 4 (t) A B A B
4.7: o 1 (t) [0, 0, 20e 1 (t), 20e 2 (t), 0, 0, 0, 0] o 2 (t) [0, 0, 10e 4 (t +1), 10e 3 (t +1), 0, 0, 0, 0] o 3 (t) [0, 0, 60e 1 (t), 20e 2 (t), 0, 0, 0, 0] o 4 (t) [0, 0, 20e 1 (t), 60e 2 (t), 0, 0, 0, 0] o 5 (t) [50(e 1 (t 1) e 2 (t) e 1 (t + 1) + 50(e 2 (t 1) e 1 (t) e 2 (t +1)), 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0] o 6 (t) [0, 0, 0, 0, 20e 1 (t), 20e 2 (t), 0, 0] o 7 (t) [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 20e 1 (t), 20e 2 (t)] o 8 (t) 1 5 1 3 c 1 4.8: edit1 o 1, o 2, o 8 edit2 o 1, o 2, o 8, c 1 edit3 o 2, o 3, o 8, c 1 edit4 o 2, o 4, o 8, c 1 edit5 o 1, o 2, o 5, o 8, c 1 edit6 o 2, o 6, o 8, c 1 edit7 o 2, o 7, o 8, c 1
4.9: ( ) edit1 4333344433434443444433333333 edit2 3333344433334444444433333333 edit3 3333344433333333444433333333 edit4 4444444433334444444433333333 edit5 3333344411114444444433333333 edit6 5555566655556666666655555555 edit7 7777788877778888888877777777 e 1 0000000011101000100011100111 e 2 1000011100010111011100000000 e 3 0000000000000000000000000000 e 4 1000000000000000000000000000
4.10:
5 5.1 5.1.1 5.1 L 3L502 20 8 PC MPEG MPEG2 PC MPEG 1.5Mbps 8Mbps 6Mbps MPEG BMK-Electronik kfir MPEG2 Encoder Card MPEG PC8 MPEG 5.1.2 5.2 PC MPEG PC MPEG2 SigmaDesigns REALMagic NetStream2000 PC 5.2 4.3 edit1 5.3 1 8 28 28
5.1:
RS232C 8 in 1 out 5.2:
5.1: (sec) (sec) (MB) 4 3 5 4096 5 17 38 32768 6 110 287 262144 7 1220 2097152 5.2: 10 9 NO 1 4333344433434443444433333333 505 2 4333344433434443444433313333 500 3 4333344433434443444433323333 500 4 4333344433434443444433343333 500 5 4333344433434443444433353333 500 6 4333344433434443444433363333 500 7 4333344433434443444433373333 500 8 4333344433434443444433383333 500 9 4133344433434443444433313333 490 10 4133344433434443444433323333 490 3.2 1 1 5.1 7 5 CPU 5.3 t =24 s 3 6 10 5.2
time s 1 s 2 s 3 s 4 s 5 s 6 s 7 s 8 time s 1 s 2 s 3 s 4 s 5 s 6 s 7 s 8 0 5 10 15 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 10 10 10 0 0 0 20 20 0 20 0 0 0 20 0 0 0 0 20 20 20 0 0 20 0 20 20 20 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 15 20 25 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 20 0 0 0 0 20 20 20 0 20 20 20 20 0 20 20 20 20 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.3:
5.3 4.3 5.3 5.8 1 t =40 50 o 7 c 1 t<30, 35 <t c 2 5.8 5.6 edit1 edit2 edit1 c 1 30 t 35 edit3, edit4 o 2,o 3 5.7 edit2 edit4 t =25 c 1 s 4 edit5 edit6 edit1 OTS edit5 edit6 A B edit5 edit6 5.9 5.14
5.3: s 1 : s 2 : s 3 : A s 4 : B s 5 : A OTS( ) s 6 : B OTS( ) s 7 : A s 8 : B 5.4: e 1 (t) e 2 (t) e 3 (t) e 4 (t) e 5 (t) e 6 (t) e 7 (t) A B A B A B
5.5: o 1 A(t) [0, 0, 0, 0, 20e 1 (t), 20e 2 (t), 0, 0] o 1 B(t) [0, 0, 20e 1 (t), 20e 2 (t), 0, 0, 0, 0] o 1 C(t) [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 20e 1 (t), 20e 2 (t)] o 2 (t) [0, 0, 0, 0, 20e 1 (t +1), 20e 2 (t +1), 0, 0] o 3 (t) [0, 0, 0, 0, 20e 1 (t 1), 20e 2 (t 1), 0, 0] o 4 (t) [0, 100e 3 (t 1), 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0] o 5 (t) (t 3 )[100, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0] o 6 A(t) [0, 0, 0, 0, 30e 4 (t), 30e 5 (t), 0, 0] o 6 B(t) [0, 0, 30e 4 (t), 30e 5 (t), 0, 0, 0, 0] o 6 C(t) [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 30e 4 (t), 30e 5 (t)] o 7 (t) (40 t )[50, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0] o 8 (t) [0, 0, 0, 0, 50e 6 (t), 50e 7 (t), 0, 0] o 8 B(t) [0, 0, 50e 6 (t), 50e 7 (t), 0, 0, 0, 0] o 8 C(t) [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 50e 6 (t), 50e 7 (t)] o 9 (t) 5 c 1 3 c 2 3 (t <0, 35 <t ) 5.6: edit1 o 1 A, o 4, o 5, o 6 A, o 7, o 8 A, o 9, c 2 edit2 o 1 A, o 4, o 5, o 6 A, o 7, o 8 A, o 9, c 1 edit3 o 2, o 4, o 5, o 6 A, o 7, o 8 A, o 9, c 1 edit4 o 3, o 4, o 5, o 6 A, o 7, o 8 A, o 9, c 1 edit5 o 1 B, o 4, o 5, o 6 B, o 7, o 8 B, o 9, c 1 edit6 o 1 C, o 4, o 5, o 6 C, o 7, o 8 C, o 9, c 1
5.7: ( ) edit1 111555555555566655556666111111256656111111111111111 edit2 111555555555566655556666111111222666111111111111111 edit3 111555555555566666555666111111222666111111111111111 edit4 111555555556666555666655511111222666111111111111111 edit5 111333333333344433344444111111234434111111111111111 edit6 111777777777788877788888111111278878111111111111111 e 1 001111111111000011100000100000010010000011110000000 e 2 110000000000111100011111000001001000000000001111000 e 3 000000000000000000000000000001000000000000000000000 e 4 000000000000000000000000011111000001111111111111111 e 5 000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 e 6 000000000000000000000000000001000000000000000000000 e 7 000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 1 5.12 edit1 2 o 1 2 0 o 8 e 7 o 7 o 7 A 5.14 edit2 edit3 edit4 edit1 (o 4 A o 5 A o 7 A) (o 4 B o 5 B o 7 B) (o 4 C o 5 C o 7 C) (o 4 D o 5 D o 7 D)
5.8:
5.9: s 1 : s 2 : s 3 : A s 4 : B s 5 :s 1 s 6 :s 1 s 7 :s 1 s 8 :s 1 180 t =13 26 s 1 s 2 t =35 s 5 s 6 s 7 s 6 s 7 s 1 edit3 edit4 edit2 s 1 180 s 5 2 edit5 edit6 edit7 t =21 edit2 4 180 edit7 edit4 edit2 edit5 edit6
5.10: e 1 (t) e 2 (t) e 3 (t) e 4 (t) e 5 (t) e 6 (t) e 7 (t) A B A B A B 5.4
5.11: o 1 (t) 50 o 2 (t) [0, 100e 7 (t), 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0] o 3 (t) [0, 0, 0, 0, 20e 1 (t 1), 20e 2 (t 1), 0, 0] o 4 A(t) [10(e 1 (t)+e 2 (t)), 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0] o 4 B(t) [10(e 1 (t)+e 2 (t))(t <30), 0, 0, 0, 10(e 1 (t)+e 2 (t))(30 <t), 0, 0, 0] o 4 C(t) [10(e 1 (t)+e 2 (t))(t <30), 0, 0, 0, 0, 10(e 1 (t)+e 2 (t))(30 <t), 0, 0] o 4 D(t) [10(e 1 (t)+e 2 (t))(t <30), 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 10(e 1 (t)+e 2 (t))(30 <t), 0] o 4 E(t) [10(e 1 (t)+e 2 (t))(t <20), 0, 0, 0, 10(e 1 (t)+e 2 (t))(20 <t), 0, 0, 0] o 4 F (t) [10(e 1 (t)+e 2 (t))(t <20), 0, 0, 0, 0, 10(e 1 (t)+e 2 (t))(20 <t), 0, 0] o 4 G(t) [10(e 1 (t)+e 2 (t))(t <20), 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 10(e 1 (t)+e 2 (t))(20 <t), 0] o 5 A(t) [10(e 3 (t)+e 4 (t)), 0, 50e 3 (t), 50e 4 (t), 0, 0, 0, 0] o 5 B(t) [10(e 3 (t)+e 4 (t))(t <30), 0, 50e 3 (t), 50e 4 (t), 10(e 3 (t)+e 4 (t))(30 <t), 0, 0, 0] o 5 C(t) [10(e 3 (t)+e 4 (t))(t <30), 0, 50e 3 (t), 50e 4 (t), 0, 10(e 3 (t)+e 4 (t))(30 <t), 0, 0] o 5 D(t) [10(e 3 (t)+e 4 (t))(t <30), 0, 50e 3 (t), 50e 4 (t), 0, 0, 10(e 3 (t)+e 4 (t))(30 <t), 0] o 5 E(t) [10(e 3 (t)+e 4 (t))(t <20), 0, 50e 3 (t), 50e 4 (t), 10(e 3 (t)+e 4 (t))(20 <t), 0, 0, 0] o 5 F (t) [10(e 3 (t)+e 4 (t))(t <20), 0, 50e 3 (t), 50e 4 (t), 0, 10(e 3 (t)+e 4 (t))(20 <t), 0, 0] o 5 G(t) [10(e 3 (t)+e 4 (t))(t <20), 0, 50e 3 (t), 50e 4 (t), 0, 0, 10(e 3 (t)+e 4 (t))(20 <t), 0] o 6 (t) [0, 0, 50e 5 (t), 50e 6 (t), 0, 0, 0, 0] o 7 A(t) [10, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0] o 7 B(t) [10(t <30), 0, 0, 0, 10(30 <t), 0, 0, 0] o 7 C(t) [10(t <30), 0, 0, 0, 0, 10(30 <t), 0, 0] o 7 D(t) [10(t <30), 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 10(30 <t), 0] o 7 E(t) [10(t <20), 0, 0, 0, 10(20 <t), 0, 0, 0] o 7 F (t) [10(t <20), 0, 0, 0, 0, 10(20 <t), 0, 0] o 7 G(t) [10(t <20), 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 10(20 <t), 0] o 8 (t) s 1,s 2 2 0 c 1 3
5.12: edit1 o 1, o 2, o 3, o 4 A, o 5 A, o 6, o 7 A, o 8, c 1 edit2 o 1, o 2, o 3, o 4 B, o 5 B, o 6, o 7 B, o 8, c 1 edit3 o 1, o 2, o 3, o 4 C, o 5 C, o 6, o 7 C, o 8, c 1 edit4 o 1, o 2, o 3, o 4 D, o 5 D, o 6, o 7 D, o 8, c 1 edit5 o 1, o 2, o 3, o 4 E, o 5 E, o 6, o 7 E, o 8, c 1 edit6 o 1, o 2, o 3, o 4 F, o 5 F, o 6, o 7 F, o 8, c 1 edit7 o 1, o 2, o 3, o 4 G, o 5 G, o 6, o 7 G, o 8, c 1 5.13: edit1 3333334444441111111111111122222222111111111111111111 edit2 3333334444441111111111111122222222555555555555555555 edit3 3333334444441111111111111122222222666666666666666666 edit4 3333334444441111111111111122222222777777777777777777 edit5 3333334444441111111155555522222222555555555555555555 edit6 3333334444441111111166666622222222666666666666666666 edit7 3333334444441111111177777722222222777777777777777777 e 1 1111000000000001111100000011100010111111100001111111 e 2 0000001111110000000011111100001100000000011100000000 e 3 0000000000001100000000000000000000000000000000000000 e 4 0000110000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 e 5 0001110000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 e 6 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 e 7 0000000000000000000000000011111111000000000000000000
5.14:
6 43
ATR 44
[1] M.Ozeki, Y.Nakamura, Y.Ohta: Camerawork for Intelligent Video Production -Capturing Desktop Manipulations, Proc. Int. Conf. on Multimedia and Expo, pp.41 44, CD ROM TA1.5, 2001 [2] M. Ozeki, Y. Nakamura, and Y. Ohta. Human behavior recognition for an intelligent video production system, IEEE Proc. Pacific-Rim Conference on Multimedia, pp.1153 1160, 2002. [3],,,,, Vol.J82-D2, No.10, pp.1598-1605, 1999 [4],,, Vol.J85-D2 No.4 pp.594-603, 2002 [5] Daniel Arijon,, 1980. [6] 1999 [7] Steven D. Katz 1996 [8] PRMU2003-45 2003 [9] ISAC, Inc. http://www.isac.co.jp 45