150 11.512.0 11.812.0 12.013.0 12.514.0 1 a c d e 1
3 a 1m b 6 20 30cm day a b a b 6 6 151
6 S 5m 11.511.8 G 515m 11.812.0 SG 10m 11.812.0 10m 11.511.8 1020m 11.812.0 SF 5m 11.511.8 510m 11.812.0 V 5m 11.812.0 152
Fs 7.1 { ( ) tan f } cl W ub Fs = + cos a W sin a 7.2 F s c kn m 2 tf m 2 f l m W kn mtf m u kn m 2 tf m 2 b m a O a r W l b 153
u 6 c u f u u r u 0 c'f 'u A c cu f cu u r u 0 u r u 0 c d f d u 0 c'f 'u 0 c cu f cu u 0 c'f 'u A u 0 c d f d u 0 c'f 'u 0 c u f u UU c cu f cu CU c'f ' CU c d f d CD u r u 0 u A 7 1 100 2 50 3 100 4 50 5 0 6 a 100 b 50 { 154
F s 1.0 F s [ {( ) } ] cl W ub kh W = + cos a sin a tan f W sin a + h kh W r 7.3 F s r m c kn m 2 tf m 2 l m W kn mtf m u kn m 2 tf m 2 b m a k h f h m h O a r k h W W l b 6 155
F s 1.2 1.31.2 1.5 1 3, 156
2 3 1 elasto plastic body rigid-plastic body 2 J q + M + M M M M M = 0 DW DKh RW RKh RC RT q = ( k k ) M + M J ( ) h y DK RK 7.4 7.5 q J k h k y M DW M RW M RC M RT M DK M RK M DKh K h M DK 157
M RKh K h M Rk R O q R a drq 5 Fs 7.6 F s M + M + M = M RW RC RT DW 7.6 k y F s 1 K h 7.7 k y M + M + M M = M + M RW RC RT DW DK RK 7.7 5 t t t k h 7.71.0 k y 7.5 q7.8 q. 7.9 q R d R q ( ) q = q + 1 q + q 2 t+ t t t t+ t t 7.8 ( ) qt+ t = qt + q t t + 1 qt + qt+ t t 6 2 2 7.9 158
39 1964 53 1978 7 W D 10 W D 10 152003162004 30 30 m 159
F s RT T RR 1 R 2 R 1 R 2 12 160
1,000 11990pp.6 7 21985 31999 4 3 2000 5 2001 6 1999 71997 8 2003 9 1998 10 2000 1149 2005p.117 122006 2006.1.27p.61 132005 161